初中英语中考复习 中考英语直接引语和间接引语考点击破 及90道精选试题练习

中考英语直接引语和间接引语考点击破

——90道精选试题练习

    直接引语是直接引用别人所说的话,句子中需要用引号间接引语是转述别人所说的话,即将直接引语变成间接引语。间接引语多以宾语从句的形式表示。

考点一  直接引语与间接引语的转换

    转述一般疑问句时，引导词if/whether及语序的用法考查；转述祈使句时的用法考查

1.转述陈述句时,由连词that引导,that在口语中常省略

Tina said,“ I will go to the cinema tomorrow."→

Tina said( that) she would go to the cinema the next day.

蒂娜说她第二天要去看电影。

2转述一般疑问句时,用f或 whether引导。

He asked me, Have you read this book?”→

He asked me if/whether I had read that book.

他问我是否读过那本书。

3.转述祈使句时,要将祈使句的动词原形变为带to的不定式,并在不定式的前面根据句子的意思加上 tell, ask, order等动词。如果祈使句为否定式,则在不定式的前面加not。

She said to us,“ Please sit down:”→

She asked us to sit down.她请我们坐下。

He said, "Don,t make so much noise, boys." →

He told the boys not to make so much noise.

他告诉男孩子们不要制造这么多噪音。

4.转述感叹句时,用wht或how引导。

She said,“ What a lovely boy he is!"→

She said what a lovely boy he was.

她说他是个多么聪明的男孩啊。

考点二  转述时人称、时态、状语及动词的变化

    直接引语变间接引语时，人称、时态、指示代词、地点状语、时间状语等的综合考查；直接引语变间接引语时，时态无需改变的情况。

1.人称的变化

    直接引语在变为间接引语时,代词要随句意进行改变。大致遵循“一随主，二随宾，第三人称不变更”的规律。

(1)“一随主”是指直接引语中的第一人称代词变为间接引语时,须与引述动词的主语在人称和数上保持一致。

I said，“I won t give up。”→

I said that I would not give up.我说我不会放弃。

(2)“二随宾”是指直接引语中的第二人称代词变为间接引语时,须与引述动词的宾语在人称和数上保持一致。

He said to her，“Why are you late?” →

He asked her why she was late.他问她为什么迟到。

(3)“第三人称不变更”是指直接引语中的第三人称代词在变为间接引语时不发生变化。

He said,“ She likes it.”→

He said that she liked it.

他说她喜欢它

2.时态的变化

    如果直接引语为过去的某种时态,则间接引语的时态应和对应的时态向前推一个时态,如下表所示:

Martin told me, "I rang Alice yesterday. ",→

Martin told me that he had rung Alice the day before.

马丁告诉我说他前一天已经给爱丽丝打电话了。

Nell told me. "Mary is studying abroad"→

-Nell told me that Mary was studying abroad.

内尔告诉我玛丽正在国外学习

3.指示代词、时间状语、地点状语、方向性动词的变化

He said,“ These books are mine.”→

He said that those books were his.

他说那些书是他的。

She said."I will come this morning. →

She said that she would go that morning.

她说那天早上她会去那里。

She said, "I went there yesterday. "→

She said that she had gone there the day before.

她说她前一天去过那里。

She said, "I will come here this evening".→

She said that she would go there that evening

她说她那天晚上会去那里。

4.时态无需改变的情况

(1)直接引语是客观真理时,变成间接引语,时态无需改变。

Mother said, "There are four seasons and twelve months in a year. " →

Mother said that there are four seasons and twelve months In a year.

妈妈说一年有四季,12个月。

(2)直接引语是过去进行时,变成间接引语,时态无需改变

Jack said, "John, where were you going when I met you in the street?” →

Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street.

杰克问约翰在街上碰见他时他正要去哪里。

(3)直接引语中有具体的时间状语时,变成间接引语,时态无需改变。

He said,“ 'The story took place in the 1930s".→

He said that the story took place in the 1930s.

他说那个故事发生在20世纪30年代。

[典例点拨]

1. He said, "I am living with a British family now."

He said that          was living with a British family       .

A. I: now   B. you; the

C. he. then   D. he. now

解题技巧:C

    直接引语是陈述句且人称是第一人称,变成间接引语时,需要和引述动词的主语在人称上保持一致,第一空需要和he保持一致;直接引语变成间接引语时,时间状语也要进行相应的变化,now变成then,故选C项。

命题规律:

    直接引语是陈述句,变成间接引语时,需要记住以下几个方面:去掉引号加that,时态向前推一步,人称变化要灵活,状语变化按规定。

2. He asked the woman on the phone,"Can I call on you this afternoon?"→

He asked the woman on the phone         call on her     afternoon

A. whether could he: this    B. whether he could: that

C whether could he: that     D. whether he could: this

解题技巧:B

    直接引语是一般疑问句,变成间接引语时,首先加上 whether或者if,然后句子需用陈述句语序,如果直接引语的人称是第一人称,变成间接引语时,需要和引述动词的主语保持相同的人称；时态、时间状语、地点状语也要进行相应的变化,故选B项。

命题规律:

    直接引语是一般疑问句,变成间接引语时,需记住以下几点：去掉引号加 whether或if，陈述语序要记住,时态、人称和状语都要进行变化。

90道精选试题练习

一、根据括号中的要求改写句子

1． “Jack，can you help with the dinner？” Jack's mother asked.（改成间接引语）

Jack was asked ______he ______help with the dinner.

2．Tony said，“I am singing when the telephone rings.”（将直接引语改为间接引语）

Tony said that______ ______singing when the telephone rang.

3． Was the machine invented by David？She wasn't sure.（合并成一句话）

She wasn't sure ______ the machine was invented by David.

4．Are there any new markets in Asia？The sales manager wants to know.（合并为一句）

The sales manager wants to know ______ there ______ any new markets in Asia.

5．Tim said to Kate，“How is your mother now？”（改为间接引语）

Tim ______ Kate how ______ mother ______ then.

6．He asked Mary，“Do you have anything to do this afternoon？”（改为间接引语）

He asked Mary ______ she ______ anything to do ______ afternoon.

7．Our teacher said to us，“Light travels faster than sound.”（改为间接引语）

Our teacher ______ us ______ light ______ faster than sound.

8．Mr Zhang said，“I was born in Beijing in October,1980.”（改为间接引语）

Mr Zhang said that ______ ______ born in Beijing in October，1980.

9．Our teacher said to me，“Sit down，please.”（改为间接引语）

Our teacher told ______ ______ sit down.

10．My mother said，“Don't make any noise.”（改为间接引语）

My mother told me ______ ______ ______ any noise.

11．She asked me，“When are you going to Shanghai？”（改为间接引语）

She asked me when ______ ______ going to Shanghai.

12．My brother told me on the phone，“I will go back tomorrow.”（改为间接引语）

My brother told me on the phone that he ______ ______ back ______ ______ ______.

13．Our headteacher told Li Ming's mother，“He has gone home.”（改为间接引语）

Our headteacher told Li Ming's mother that ______ ______ gone home.

14．The reporter asked the girl，“Do you like your volunteer work on weekends？” （改为间接引语）

The reporter asked the girl ______ she ______ her volunteer work on weekends.

15．“Why do you stay at home？”my father asked.（把直接引语改为间接引语）

My father asked ______ I ______ at home.

16．The woman teacher asked the students，“Can you understand what I am saying？”（改为间接引语）

The woman teacher asked the students______ ______ could understand what she was saying.

17．She said，“Are you from the south？”（改为间接引语）

She asked ______ I ______ from the south.

18．Mr Paul said to us，“The moon goes around the earth.”（改为间接引语）

Mr Paul ______ us that the moon ______ around the earth.

19．“I can't find my wallet，” he said to me.（改为间接引语）

He ______ me that he ______ ______ ______ wallet.

20．“I will take it home with me，” she said.（改为间接引语）

She said that ______ ______ ______ it home with ______.

21．He asked，“How do you find it，mother？”（改为间接引语）

He asked her mother ______ ______ ______ it.

22．“Do you know where Tom lives？” he asked Alice.（改为间接引语）

He asked Alice______ ______ knew where Tom ______.

23．“Stop making so much noise，children，” he said.（改为间接引语）

He ______ the children ______ ______ making so much noise.

24．“Are you interested in this？” he said.（改为间接引语）

He ______ ______ I was interested in ______.

25．“I'm glad to get your e­mail，”he said to me.（改为间接引语）

He ______me ______ ______ glad to get ______ e­mail.

二、将所给直接引语变为间接引语，每空一词

1. “I never eat meat.” he said.    He said that ______ never ______ meat.

2. “I’ve found my wallet.” he said to me.  He ______ me that he ______ ______ _____ wallet.

3. “I took it home with me.” she said.   She said that ______ ______ _______ it home with her.

4. The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.”

The teacher said that the sun ______ in the east and ______ down in the west.

5. “I met her yesterday.” he said to me.     He ______ me that he ______ met the day ______.

6. “You must come here before five.” he said.    He said that I ______ to go ______ before five.

7. “I bought the house 10 years ago.” he said. 

 He said that he _______ bought the house 10 years _______.

8. “Did you see her last week?” he said.    He _____ _____ I had seen her the week ______.

9. He said, “You can sit here, Jim.”     He ______ Jim that he ______ sit there.

10. He asked, “How did you find it, mother?”   

He asked her mother ______ ______ ______ found it.

11. “Where have you been these days?” he asked. 

 He asked me _______ _______ _______been _______ days.

12. “Do you know where she lives?” he asked.   He asked _____ _____ knew where she _____.

13. “Stop making so much noise, children.” he said.

He ______ the children ______ ______ making so much noise.

14. “Don’t tell him the news.” she said.     She told me _______ ______ ______ him the news.

15. “Are you interested in this?” he said.      He ______ ______ I was interested in ______.

16. “I am having supper,” he said.   He said that _______ _______ having supper.

17. “I’ve seen the film,” Gina said to me.   Gina _______ me that she _______ ______ the film.

18. “I went home with my sister,” she said.

She said that _______ _______ _______ home with her sister.

19. “Keep quiet, children.” he said.  He _______ the children _______ _______ quiet.

20. “Don’t look out of the window,” she said. She told me ______ ______ ______ out of the window.

三、将所给直接引语变为间接引语

1．He said: “I’ve left my book in my room.”                                              

2．She said: “He will be busy.”                                                         

3．She said to Tom, “Can you help me?”                                                 

4．She asked, “Is this book yours or his?”                                                 

5．The teacher asked, “how did you repair it?”                                             

6．The teacher said to the students, “Don’t waste your time.”                                  

7．The mother said, “Tom, get up early, please.”                                            

8．The teacher said, “The earth goes round the sun.”                                         

9．My father said, “Practice makes perfect.”                                               

10．The boy said to us, “ I usually get up at six every day.”                                   

11．He said, “We are still students.”                                                      

12．He said to me, “I was born in 1978.”                                                  

13．The engineer said, “I was at college in 1967.”                                       

14．He said, “I have studied English since I was a boy.”                                  

15．She said, “I read the book while I was waiting for a bus.”

16．Mr. Green said to them, “Joe told me all about his story when he asked for a job.”

17．He said, “We insisted that she start immediately.”                                      

18．She said, “He demanded that the girl leave at once.”                                     

19．I said to him, “I have finished it.”                                                    

20．She said to us,“ I’ll come here tomorrow.”                                             

21．“Where does your chemistry teacher live, Karen?” the young man asked

22．“Light travels faster than sound,” the physics teacher said to the boys and girls.

23．“Will you go to the concert with me this evening?” Mary asked me.

24．“What did you do here yesterday?” the old man asked my brother.

25. "I'm checking your home work now." his mother said.                                    

四、单项选择

1. Our teacher asked us _____ our dictionaries to school.

A. bring       B. brought      C. bring        D. to bring

2. The teacher told the boy students ______ football on the grass.

A. not play      B. not to play       C. played       D. playing

3. ____ Tom didn’t go to school?

A. Do you know how   B. Why do you know   C. How you know why    D. Do you know why

4. She looks sad. Could you please tell me _____ that prevents her from being as happy as before?

A. what it is          B. it is what          C. how it is        D. it is how

5. Betty asked her sister ____ to the railway station to see her off.

A. not to come       B. not to go       C. to not come        D. to not go

6. The pupil asked his teacher _____ round the earth.

A. weather the moon goes   B. that the moon went

 C. whether the moon goes   D. whether the moon went

7. Mr. Li ____ Wang Ling ____ a taxi to the airport.

A. asked; take      B. asked; taking      C. told; take      D. told; to take

8. She asked him ____.

A. whose dictionary this is           B. whose dictionary that was

C. whose dictionary is this           D. whose dictionary that is

9. Mary’s mother asked her _____.

A. that whether she had finished her homework        B. if she has finished her homework

C. if she had finished her homework                 D. that if she had finished her homework

10. Do you know ____

A. what is he doing    B. what he doing    C. what he is doing     D. what does he do now

11. I don’t know ____ to learn English.

A. when did he begin    B. when he began    C. he when began    D. when he begins

12. He asked me ____.

A. how would the weather be like tomorrow      B. what the weather would be like the next day

C. how the weather would be like tomorrow      D. what would the weather be like the next day

13. You can’t imagine ____ when they received these nice Spring Festival presents

A. how excited they were      B. how excited were they

 C. how they were excited      D. they were how excited

14. She told me that she ____ by her relatives at the bus stop.

A. had been seen off     B. have seen off     C. have been seen off   D. had seen off

15. Do you remember how many times ____ to Australia?

A. had you been      B. did you go     C. have you been      D. you have been

16. Can you guess ____?

A. what is that man    B. who that man is    C. whom that man is   D. who is that man

17. More and more students and teachers have began to know ____.

A. how important the foreign language are        B. how the foreign language is important

C. how important the foreign language is         D. how important is the foreign language

18. The hostess said that it ___ time that they ___ supper.

A. was; had           B. was; had had        C. is; have      D. is; have had

19. The boss asked his secretary ____ he had finished typing the report ____.

A. if; or not         B. if; not         C. whether; or not      D. whether; not

20. I wonder how much _____.

A. does he spend on his car          B. did he spend on his car 

C. he spent on his car               D. he spent in his car

参考答案

一、

1．if/whether；could　2.he was　3.if/whether　4.if/whether；were　5.asked；her；was

6.if/whether；had；that　7.told；that；travels　8.he was　9.me to　10.not to make

11．I was　12.would come；the next day　13.he had　14.if/whether；liked　15.why；stayed

16.if/whether they　17.if/whether；was　18.told；goes　19.told；couldn't find his　

20.she would take；her　21.how she found　22.if/whether she；lived　23.asked/told；to stop　

24.asked if/whether；that  25．told；he was；my

二、

1. he, ate  2. told, had, found, his  3. she, had, taken  4. rises, goes  5. told, had, before 

6. had, the  7. had, before   8. asked, if [whether], before   9. told, could   10. how, she, had   11. where, I, had, those   12. if [whether], I, lived   13. told, to, stop   14. not, to, tell  

15. asked, if [whether], that   16. he, was。17. told, had, seen。18. she, had, gone。

19. told, to, keep。 20. not, to, look。

三、

1． He said that he had left his book in his room. 

2．She said that he would be busy.

3． She asked Tom if /whether he could help her. 

4 She asked me whether that book was mine or his.

5． The teacher asked me how I had repaired it.

6． The teacher told the students not to waste their time.

7． The mother asked Tom to get up early.  

8． The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.

9． My father said practice makes perfect.

10． The boy told us he usually gets up at six every day.

11． He said they are still students.  

12．He told me that he was born in 1978.

13． The engineer said he was at college in 1967.

14．He said he had studied English since he was a boy.

15． She said she had read the book while she was waiting for a bus.

16． Mr. Green told them Joe had told him all about his story when he asked for a job.

17． He said they (had) insisted that she start immediately.

18． She said he demanded that the girl leave at once.

19． I told him I had finished it.    20． She told us she would come there tomorrow.

21． The young man asked Karen where her chemistry teacher lived.

22． The physics teacher told the boys and girls that light travels faster than sound.

23． Mary asked me if / whether I would go to the concert with her that evening.

24． The old man asked my brother what he had done there the day before.  

25.   His mother said she was checking his homework then .

四、

 1—5DBDAB;  6—10CDBCC；11—15BBAAD；16—20BCACC