2023全国通用中考完型填空专题冲刺讲义（含答案）

这是一份2023全国通用中考完型填空专题冲刺讲义（含答案），共8页。

【真题重现】2022年广东省中考英语学业水平测试
二、完形填空(本大题有10小题,每小题1分,共10分)
Almst every Saturday mrning, Mlly pulls a table int her frnt yard. On the table she lays ut sme ___41___in seasn, such as carrts and tmates. They are all frm her garden and free fr her neighbrs t __42___. “It’s just lvely, like yu walk by and get a beautiful gift arund the crner,” said a neighbr.
Mlly started ding this in the summer f 2020. Earlier that year, a fire brke ut in her huse. Mlly’s__43___had a hard time. “Peple in the cmmunity came t __44___. They brught us fd and ften called t make sure we were ding fine. I was deeply__45___,” Mlly said.
Then the pandemic(疫情) came. Mlly and her family had much time t __46___ in their garden. They decided t __47___what they grew in their garden.
N ne knew abut it at first. But __48___, peple gt int the habit f cming arund. They wuld stp by and leave with sme vegetables. Mlly ‘s yard became a __49___place.
One thing Mlly has learned frm this experience is that peple have t wrk tgether when days are __50___ . She is glad that lve has spread in this cmmunity.
41. A . fruits B . flwers C . leaves D . vegetables
42. A . lk at B . take away C . give up D . thrw away
43. A . family B . class C . ffice D . team
44. A . cry B . see C . help D . rest
45. A . mved B . interested C . tired D . bred
46. A . play B . wrk C . sleep D . dance
47. A . eat B . sell C . share D . ck
48. A . sadly B . slwly C . badly D . carefully
49. A . clean B . small C . terrible D . ppular
50. A . difficult B . sunny C . shrt D . cl
41-45: DBACA 46-50:BCBDA
【解题技巧】
一、 完形填空的特点是什么？
完形填空是一种旨在考查考生的阅读能力、逻辑推理及分析归纳、综合判断能力的典型题,难易程度与初中教材相当,词数在180-250左右。文中平均每隔25个词左右设一空。人名、 地名、日期等不在设空之列。隔词数越少,题目越难；反之亦然。
文体多以记叙文为主,首句通常不设空。考查内容集中在对名词、动词、代词、形容词和副词等实词的理解上。完形填空考查的就是你能否在缺字,不认得字、词语的情况下,能否通过推理判断、综合分析等全面理解文章的正确意思,然后把答案填入空白处,使短文前后连贯、意思通顺、结构完整合理。它的一个显著特点就是突出语篇,即重在文意的干扰,把具体的语言知识融进具体的语言情境中去,考查学生通过上下文对整体文意进行把握的能力。
二、完形填空做题思路
1、通读全文,掌握大意。结合选项初步弄清短文写了些什么内容。
2、瞻前顾后,分析先行。
在理解全文意思的基础上,结合文章内容对空缺句子作合乎逻辑的推理。必须弄清空缺词句的确切含义,空缺词句与其前后句的意义衔接必须自然、合理,不可出现意义断层或说东道西的情况。可从语法、词语固定搭配、词形变化等角度考虑,务必使所填的单词准确无误。
3、反复推敲,攻克难关。
如果做不出来的话,可能要改变一下思路。如实词多与文章的内容直接相关,虚词多与文章的连贯性或句子结构直接相关,如果从内容上实在看不出要填哪个单词的话,应考虑是否需要填介词、连词等。
4、验证答案,修正错误,着重注意这几点:
(1)文章是否顺畅;是否符合主题句；
(2)所填单词是否是最佳单词;
【经典例题】2022江苏句容市七上学期期中英语试卷
Cinderella lives with a very mean （冷酷的） family. She has t d all the husewrk. She makes the beds. She des the dishes. She 1 the meals. She even takes 2 the garbage （垃圾）.
One day the family ges t a 3 at the prince’s palace （皇宫）. Cinderella is 4 . She says, “I want t g and dance, t!”
Suddenly a fairy princess cmes and says, “I can 5 yu. ” She gives Cinderella a party dress and a pair f glass 6 . Then she says, “Cme hme early. My magic ends at midnight. I’m just learning this jb. ”
Cinderella ges t the party and 7 with the prince. She frgets abut 8 . Then she sees a clck. It is
almst midnight. Cinderella 9 hme, but she lses ne f her glass shes n the way.
The prince wants t marry Cinderella, but all he has is the glass she. Many wmen try n the she, but it desn’t fit. The prince 10 , “Everyne has such big feet!” Then ne day, Cinderella tries it n, and it fits!
The prince and Cinderella get married, and they live happily ever after.
（ ）1. A. eats B. cks C. buys D. gives
（ ）2. A. with B. up C. in D. ut
（ ）3. A. party B. mvie C. picnic D. cncert
（ ）4. A. happy B. sad C. excited D. tired
（ ）5. A. see B. take C. help D. bring
（ ）6. A. shes B. hats C. pants D . glves
（ ）7. A. sings B. dances C. plays D. talks
（ ）8. A. clthes B. fd C. music D. time
（ ）9. A. ges B. walks C. runs D. gets
（ ）10. A. thinks B. hpes C. finds D. knws
B D A B C A B D C A
三、完形填空解题技巧
1.根据上下文提示
①原词复现
【经典例题-例1】
One day the family ges t a 3 at the prince’s palace(皇宫).
（ ）3. A. party B. mvie C. picnic D. cncert
只看这一句话,我们会发现每一个选项从语法角度来讲都可以说得通,但是在下文中第三段 She gives Cinderella a party dress..和第四段Cinderella ges t the party… 可知,第3空应该是 ges t a party 最符合本文。
【经典例题-例2】
She gives Cinderella a party dress and a pair f glass 6 .
（ ）6. A. shes B. hats C. pants D. glves
“she” 给了 Cinderella一条舞裙和一双什么呢？鞋子帽子裤子手套,a pair f+复数,语法都没错误。 从下文第四段 but she lses ne f her glass shes n the way 可知,第6空应是shes 最合适。
【经典例题-例3】
Cinderella ges t the party and 7 with the prince.
（ ）7. A. sings B. dances C. plays D. talks
灰姑娘和王子在派对上唱歌,跳舞,玩耍,相见恨晚一直聊天,都可以。那么哪个才是正确答案呢？随便选一个？请看上文第二段She says, “I want t g and dance, t!” 可以知道灰姑娘去了皇宫,跟 王子做什么呢？因为是舞会,肯定是跳舞,选B dance
【练习】
One day, he was walking in his garden when he saw a strange 16 with beautiful features(特征) and sweet vice in a tree. Chulng 17 went near the tree and caught the bird,
16. A. cat B. bird C. panda D. mnkey
B
②词汇同现法
词汇同现是指属于同一词汇或者跟此词汇相关同一领域的词汇在文章中共同出现,达到语义衔接 的目的。你可以在选项中找到与此词汇最接近的词,从而达到快而准。一般来说,上下文中词汇联系越接近,上下文的衔接关系越紧密

【经典例题-例4】
She frgets abut 8 .
（ ）8. A. clthes B. fd C. music D. time
灰姑娘忘记什么？前文都有提到dress和meal,与AB选项相关,第7空dances与music有关,所以都可能符合题意。但联系前一段 My magic ends at midnight.和后一句 Then she sees a clck. It is almst midnight.发现midnight与time有关,故最符合题意的应是D. time.
【练习】
1) Many ld peple dn’t have gd ____. They can’t watch TV, but they can listen t music r news ver the radi .
A. hearing B. health C. eyesight D. time
A
③ 根据上下文提示推断
【经典例题-例5】
Cinderella is 4 . She says, “I want t g and dance, t!”
（ ）4. A. happy B. sad C. excited D. tired
从下面的句子,she cries 她哭喊道可以得知,灰姑娘对于自己不能去舞会而呆在家里感到很悲伤绝 望,选B sad
【经典例题-例6】
Cinderella 9 hme, but she lses ne f her glass shes n the way.
（ ）9. A. ges B. walks C. runs D. gets
从It is almst midnight.和but she lses ne f her glass shes n the way,推断出,时间快到了,灰姑娘 在回家路上丢了一只鞋,所以用run最合适,表现了灰姑娘的急切和慌乱。
【练习】
What d I remember abut my childhd? There were gd things and bad things. We used t live______ , and my parents always gt up early in the mrning t feed the cws and sheep.
A. in a twn B. n a farm C. n a busy street D. in a city
B
2. 根据固定搭配
所选的单词或短语是否符合某种固定搭配。包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等,同时要根据内容选择正确的短语。
【经典例题-例7】
She 1 the meals. She even takes 2 the garbage （垃圾）.
（ ）1. A. eats B. cks C. buys D. gives
（ ）2. A. with B. up C. in D. ut
根据前一句 She has t d all the husewrk 所知,ck the meal是最适合的搭配。
take 是拿走的意思,跟ut（出去）搭配,意思是“拿出去”,只有把垃圾拿出去才说的通
【练习】
Washingtn was named ___ Gerge Washingtn, the first president f the United States. （D）
A. by B. fr C. as D. after
D
3. 根据词义判断
选项中四个词性一致、意义相近的词是完型填空命题时常用的手段之一。词义辨析法考查的面广,该内容也是英语学习中的一个难点；要做到准确选择,必须在一定的语境或句子中理解,这一方法是我们必须要掌握的。词义辨析法包括各种词性的考查,如名词、介词、代词、动词、形容词等。
【经典例题-例8】
Suddenly a fairy princess cmes and says, “I can 5 yu. ”
（ ）5. A. see B. take C. help D. bring
这里考察的是动词词义的辨析,联系上下文,“I want t g and dance, t!”和She gives Cinderella a party dress and a pair f glass…这两句话,灰姑娘不能去派对,仙女给了她裙子和水晶鞋,与 help帮助更贴切
【经典例题-例9】
The prince 10 , “Everyne has such big feet!”
（ ）10. A. thinks B. hpes C. finds D. knws
这里也是考察动词词义。根据语境 Many wmen try n the she, but it desn’t fit. 可以排除hpe希望。
【练习】
[例1] A Japanese manager nce said he himself and his wrkers wuld all stand while they were having
meetings. D yu _________what he means?
A. think
B. guess
C. knw
D. understand
C
[例2] In England, peple dn’t like__1___ very much. Yu can g n a bus, __2___ n a train, and peple just
sit lking__3___ the windws. Often they read. They read bks and newspapers. But they dn’t talk…….
1.A. laughing B. ging ut C. talking D. playing
2.A. r B. and C. either D. but
3.A. frm B. thrugh C. at D. ut f
1 C 2A 3D
4. 根据生活常识进行判断
在日常生活中,饿了就要吃东西,渴了就要喝东西,累了就要休息,冷了添衣服,热了脱衣服等是约定俗成的事。对于这类题,考生平时要做生活中的有心人,留心各种社会现象,积累丰富的生活知识,结合各类生活常识和科学常识,选择出正确且符合逻辑的选择。
【例10】
The ld wman lked at her daughter. Then she lked at her 45 and replied, “It’s 6:00”.
45. A. umbrella B. huse C. watch
通过她说的话 “It’s 6:00.”,看的一定是表,而不是umbrella或huse,选C. watch.
【练习】
Immediately(立刻), the fficers jumped int their cars and rushed t the _____hspital.
A. busiest B. biggest C. farthest D. nearest
在这样紧急的情况下,人们的第一个反应是到最近的医院就医,因此选D。
5. 根据作者的观点、态度推断。
推断类题在完形填空中是最常见的,考生首先要弄清楚主人公身份,所处环境等,进而理解语境,体悟作者的观点、态度来确定选项。
【例11】
He tld his dad that Kate was scratching (划损）the newly bught car with a nail.
Mr Smith ran utside and became very ________as sn as he saw it.
A. happy B. angry C. brave D. relaxed
B.本题中Kate划坏了车,所以故事的主人公应该很生气。
【练习】
On my first day at schl,the ther kids made fun f me because f my hearing aid and the way I talked. I was hurt deeply and I saw myself as a(n) ______ kid.
A. ugly B. smart C. handsme
A
6.根据逻辑关系
and 并列或递进
but 转折,前后意思相反
r 选择,或否则
s 因果
【例12】
… and the fficers then began t eat their meal, saying that the mushrms had a very strange __8__ quite gd taste.
A. besides B. but C. and D. r
strange,“奇怪的”gd “好的”两个形容词的意思刚好相反,所以用but,表示转折关系。