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2022-2023学年高一上学期期末教学质量调研英语模拟试卷二
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这是一份2022-2023学年高一上学期期末教学质量调研英语模拟试卷二，文件包含2022-2023学年高一上学期期末教学质量调研英语模拟试卷二教师版docx、2022-2023学年高一上学期期末教学质量调研英语模拟试卷二学生版docx、2听力mp3等3份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共37页， 欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年高一上学期期末教学质量调研英语模拟试卷二
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出 最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每 段对话仅读一遍。
1. What time is it now probably?
A. 8:30. B. 8:20. C. 8:00.
【答案】C
【解析】M: When is the meeting supposed to start?
W: Don’t worry. It won’t start until 8:30. We’ve still got 30 minutes.
2.Which of the following wasn't lost?
A. Her purse. B. Her phone. C. Her keys.
【答案】B
【解析】M: Was there anything valuable in the missing bag, ma’am?
W: Yes, my purse and my keys. Luckily, I was using my mobile phone at the time.
3. What does the woman want to do tonight?
A. Watch a movie. B. Go to a concert. C. Go to bed early.
【答案】C
【解析】M: We could watch a movie at home this evening … or would you rather go out to eat in a restaurant and then go to a concert?
W: I actually don’t feel very well. I just want to get some sleep now.
4. Which fruit are the speakers talking about?
A. Grapes. B. Apples. C. Bananas.
【答案】A
【解析】M: It’s good to see all these grapes.
W: Yes, these are much more delicious than the green apples we’ve had these past few days.
M: Yes, though today I really wish I could have a banana.
5. What does the woman plan to do?
A. Work on her composition.
B. Surf on the Internet.
C. Chat with neighbors.
【答案】B
【解析】M: I just finished my composition. Would you like to go to the park with me?
W: Why?
M: Just to chat with some neighbors.
W: No, I think I’d rather just stay here and surf online.
第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22. 5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的a、B、C三 个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟； 听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. Where did the man just come back （Yom?
A. Italy. B. Brazil. C. South Africa.
7. Why did the man go to China last year?
A. To do volunteer work.
B. To see his children.
C. To do some sightseeing.
【答案】6. A 7. C
【解析】W: Mike, I heard you just got back from Italy. How was your time there?
M: It couldn’t have been better. I really enjoyed visiting the museums there, and the sunshine in Italy is great.
W: Is it the longest trip you have ever taken?
M: No. I traveled to China last year. It was much farther. What is the longest trip you have ever taken?
W: My trip to South Africa. I went there as a volunteer to help poor children. Why did you go to China?
M: To see Beijing. And I’m planning to go to Brazil next year.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. How old is the man's physics teacher?
A. In his thirties. B. In his forties. C. In his fifties.
9. What does the man think of his math teacher?
A. Boring. B. Humorous. C. Strict.
10. Who is a new teacher to the woman?
A. The physics teacher.
B. The math teacher.
C. The English teacher.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. C
【解析】W: Jim, do you have any new teachers this term?
M: Yes. We have a new physics teacher and a new math teacher.
W: How do you like them?
M: Well, I don’t really like the physics teacher. Though he’s just in his thirties, he seems like an old man. He’s so boring. His classes are not lively at all. He never talks with us after class and he never plays sports with us.
W: Then what about the math teacher?
M: I really like him. He’s in his early forties. He has a good sense of humor. He makes math very interesting. Now I really like math. Do you have any new teachers this year?
W: Yes. We’ve got a new English teacher.
M: Do you like her?
W: Well, she’s very much like your physics teacher.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11. How long did the man work in France?
A. For about five years. B. For about seven years. C. For about ten years.
12. Why is the woman here?
A. To give a class. B. To learn the piano. C. To pick up her son.
13. How do the speakers feel after realizing where each other lives?
A. Disappointed. B. Surprised. C. Concerned.
【答案】11. A 12. C 13. B
【解析】W: What a surprise to see you here, Frank!
M: Jane? It’s you, right? I can’t believe it. It’s been almost ten years since we last met.
W: Yeah, that was at Lisa’s birthday party. You left for France the following day. So when did you come back to the States?
M: Five years ago. I worked in France, got married there, and then after my daughter was born, came back here with my family. So, what are you up to here?
W: Oh, I’m here to pick up my son. He’s in the piano class. What about you?
M: I’m here to pick up my daughter. She’s in the dance class. Do you live near here?
W: Yeah, just two blocks east. What about you?
M: About five blocks west. That’s really shocking. We live just about seven blocks away from each other, and we haven’t met for five years.
W: That’s really something. Oh, there’s the bell! Hey, let me get your phone number before all the kids come out.
M: OK.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14. What subject is the man's first class?
A. French. B. Math. C. Science.
15. Which teacher does the man like best?
A. Madame Martin. B. Mr. Thomas. C. Mr. Greenwood.
16. What do we know about Mr. Greenwood?
A. He seldom gives homework.
B. He can explain everything.
C. He can speak French.
17. What does the woman say about Miss McCloud?
A. She is strict. B. She is patient. C. She is smart.
【答案】14. A 15. B 16. B 17. C
【解析】W: Hi Jack! How’s your first day back at school going?
M: Oh … OK. The first class is French. It was awful.
W: Oh, yeah? Who’s your teacher?
M: Madame Martin.
W: Oh, she’s really good! I like Madame Martin.
M: Really? She makes us speak French all the time. I don’t understand her.
W: Yeah! She’s strict but you learn loads in her classes, Jack! And who’s your maths teacher?
M: Mr. Thomas. He’s my favourite.
W: Really?! I’ve got Mr. Greenwood. He explains everything really well and he is really patient.
M: Yeah, Mr. Greenwood is OK, but he gives so much homework! I prefer Mr. Thomas.
W: OK, well, Mr. Greenwood’s my favourite.
M: OK, let’s agree to disagree. Who have you got for science?
W: Miss McCloud. She’s a smart teacher, and she’s so nice.
M: Yeah, I agree with you there.
W: I can’t believe it! Finally you agree with me!
M: Whatever!
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
18. What did Jean-Luc Brassard do?
A. A TV reporter. B. A coach. C. A sportsman.
19. When did Dale Begg-Smith win the gold medal?
A. In 2006. B. In 2010. C. In 2014.
20. What is Jason Begg-Smith good at?
A. Tennis. B. Fishing. C. Surfing.
【答案】18. C 19. A 20. B
【解析】Good morning, everyone. I’m a reporter from Sports News. Today I’d like to share with you a little about Dale Begg-Smith.
When Dale was eight years old, he was watching TV at home. He watched a Frenchman named Jean Luc Brassard win gold in his Olympic event. Dale decided that one day he would win a gold medal in the Olympics, too.
In his early years, he worked hard at skiing just so he could compete for Australia. He spent three whole years doing this. His performance was perfect, which earned him the high score that helped him win gold in the Winter Olympic Games in Torino in 2006 and silver at the 2010 Winter Games.
When he is not busy training or competing, Dale enjoys spending time with family and friends. He enjoys fishing with his brother Jason Begg-Smith, and the two brothers have won fishing competitions together. In addition to skiing, his hobbies include tennis, table tennis, surfing, and working out at the gym.
第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Kids Nature and Survival Camp
Set free your kids’ imagination and spirit of adventure at this camp, as they learn about the natural environment and the important skills of survival.
Activity overview
* 44-day Camp in the Santa Cruz Mountains
* Basic Survival Skills: Shelter, Water, Fire, Food
* Expert Instructors-with a minimum of 10 years of experience
* Set your own custom(定制的) camp date
Details
* The camp will run for 5 hours each day: 9 am-2 pm.
* This class is 100% hands-on and very active. Everything your kids learn, they will do—no indoor classrooms or long lectures.
* Each day will center around one of the 4 main necessities of survival: SHELTER(day 1). WATER(day 2), FIRE(day 3), and FOOD(day 4).
Dates offered
* We offer 1 public camp date each summer for ages 8-12. For 2021, that date is August 5-8(9 am-2 pm each day). To book that date for a child between the ages of 8-12, please click the REGISTER NOW link below.
* We also arrange custom/private camp dates for both kids and teens all year round.
Extra information
* 4-Day Camp: $395
* Add shuttle(班车) ride to/from downtown Santa Cruz for $160($40 per day)
* At this time we do not have shuttle service from the Silicon Valley side of the hill, but we do work to help organize carpools(拼车) from the Los Gatos/Saratoga/Campbell area each year for interested parents.
1. What will kids learn if they join the camp?
A. How to make long lectures. B. How to survive in the wild.
C. How to organize a camp. D. How to improve their imagination.
2. What’s special about the class of camp?
A. It is free for all children. B. Children could learn it online.
C. It is based on practicing in person to learn. D. Kids could hook a public camp date each spring.
3. Which of the following provides shuttle service?
A. Los Gatos. B. Santa Cruz. C. Saratoga. D. Campbell.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B
【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章是一则儿童自然和生存夏令营的广告，介绍了夏令营的特色、时间安排等信息。
1细节理解题。根据第一段“Set free your kids’ imagination and spirit of adventure at this camp, as they learn about the natural environment and the important skills of survival.(在这个夏令营中，孩子们可以充分发挥想象力和冒险精神，了解自然环境和重要的生存技能)”可知，如果孩子们参加夏令营，他们会学到如何在野外生存。故选B。
2细节理解题。根据Details部分中“This class is 100% hands-on and very active. Everything your kids learn, they will do—no indoor classrooms or long lectures.(这门课是100%的实践性的，非常活跃。你的孩子学的所有东西，他们都会去做——没有室内教室，也没有长时间的讲座)”可知，夏令营班的特别之处在于是基于亲身练习来学习的。故选C。
3细节理解题。根据Extra information部分中“* Add shuttle(班车) ride to/from downtown Santa Cruz for $160($40 per day) (增加往返Santa Cruz的班车，费用为160美元，每天40美元)”可知，提供到Santa Cruz的班车服务。故选B。
B
Genghis Khan（成吉思汗）remains to this day one of the most successful men to have walked the Earth. Rising from an outcast to be the ruler of the largest land empire to have ever existed, he introduced an alphabet and an official form of money, united a kingdom of tribes at war with each other, and conquered most of the known world. His empire spread from Poland to Japan. It is estimated that one in every 200 men on the planet today is related to Genghis Khan. But there are no accounts of the events that surrounded his death and burial; only a mystery focused around an area known as the Forbidden Zone.
From the time of the Khan's death in 1227 up until 1991 the Forbidden Zone was as off-limits as any place in the world. Shortly after he died, the surviving Mongol leaders ordered a group of 50 fierce families, known as the Uryangqai of the Woods, to occupy this land and kill anyone who entered without permission.
They made exceptions only for the funeral processions（队伍）of the Khan's direct descendants, who were also allowed to be buried there. This extreme degree of secrecy has led many to the conclusion that the body of Genghis Khan himself lies in a tomb somewhere in this zone, along with some of the treasures of an empire vaster than those of Napoleon and Alexander the Great combined. When the U.S.S. R.（前苏联）took over Mongolia in 1924; they killed all the Uryangqai of the Woods just as they tried to erase the memory of the great Khan. The Forbidden Zone -still remained off-limits, however. It wasn't until the fall of the U.S.S.R. in 1991 that entering the Forbidden Zone became possible for scientists and historians. Even today, eight centuries after it quietly rested, the Forbidden Zone has been visited by very few.
1. Which of the following statements about Genghis Khan is TRUE?
A. He was the ruler of the largest empire in history.
B. He united and occupied many parts of the world.
C. An exact number of 200 people are related to him today.
D. He was buried in what is known as the Forbidden Zone.
2. What can we learn about the Uryangqai of the Woods?
A. They buried Genghis Khan's body in secret.
B. They were ordered to occupy the Forbidden Zone.
C. They were killed because they hated Genghis Khan.
D. They forbade everyone from entering the Forbidden Zone.
3. What would the author probably write about next?
A. Who visited the Forbidden Zone.
B. When the Forbidden Zone was discovered.
C. Why the U.S.S.R. killed all the Uryangqai.
D. How the great Khan conquered the known world.
4. What would be the best title for the text?
A. Genghis Khan, a Great Emperor
B. The Forbidden Zone, a Remaining Mystery
C. The Discovery of Genghis Khan's Tomb
D. The Bravery of the Uryangqai of the Woods
【答案】1. B 2. B 3. A 4. B
【解析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了成吉思汗以的成就及他神秘的陵墓的相关信息。
1细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Rising from an outcast to be the ruler of the largest land empire to have ever existed, he introduced an alphabet and an official form of money, united a kingdom of tribes at war with each other, and conquered most of the known world. ”（他从一个被遗弃的人成长为有史以来最大的陆地帝国的统治者，他引入了字母表和官方货币形式。他统一了互相交战的部落王国，征服了已知世界的大部分地区。）可知，他联合并占领了世界上许多地方。故选B。
2细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Shortly after he died, the surviving Mongol leaders ordered a group of 50 fierce families, known as the Uryangqai of the Woods, to occupy this land and kill anyone who entered without permission.”（在他死后不久，幸存的蒙古领导人下令50个残暴的家族，即所谓的“森林中的乌阳盖”，占领这片土地，杀死任何未经许可进入的人。）可知，他们被命令占领禁区。故选B。
3推理判断题。根据全文最后一句话“ Even today, eight centuries after it quietly rested, the Forbidden Zone has been visited by very few.”说到虽然科学家和历史学家现在可以造访“禁地”，但仍只有极少数人到过这里，可以推断，下文应该会讲述哪些人到过这里，有何发现等。故选A。
4主旨大意题。本文除了第一段讲述了成吉思汗的成就，下文主要在讲他死后有可能被葬在禁地，还专门有禁军驻守。后来前苏联入侵，杀光禁军，占领“禁地”直到向科学家和历史学家开放，但仍只有极少数人到过这里。所以短文的最佳标题为““禁地”仍是一个神秘的地方。”故选B。
C
Have you ever noticed that some people can eat what they want and stay in shape, while others carefully watch what they eat and still put on weight? How annoying! However, scientists are beginning to believe that some people get the ability to stay thin from their parents.
Scientists say that when some people eat, their bodies will naturally store the excess energy from food as fat. These people gain weight if they eat more than they need each day. Meanwhile, other people eat more than they need but their bodies are able to “burn off” the extra food without making fat, so they rarely have weight problems.
To show that this is true, scientists have experimented on laboratory mice. They gave the mice a special diet with a lot of fat. Some mice gained weight while the other mice stayed thin, even though both groups of mice ate the same amount of food and got the same amount of exercise. Scientists concluded that weight gain seemed to be influenced by genetic (基因的) factors. They also believe they have now identified the genes that may cause this tendency. These genes, according to the scientists, get passed down the generations. Armed with this knowledge, they believe it may be possible to develop medicines that can target the genes and stop people from gaining weight.
The study of weight gain is becoming more important as the numbers of people who are overweight continues to grow. In the United States over seventy percent of the population have weight problems. This means they are at risk of illness such as high blood pressure and heart disease.
Current medicines for weight control do not work very well because they can have serious side effects, such as heart problems. However, it takes a long time to develop and thoroughly test new drugs. Therefore, despite this breakthrough in the study of weight-loss drugs, scientists and health professionals all agree that currently the best way to control weight gain is to have a healthy, balanced diet and an active lifestyle with daily exercise. This will not only help people avoid becoming overweight, but also help them stay healthy and energetic.
1. According to the scientists, some people ________.
A. are able to stay thin because of genetic factors
B. can eat what they want and stay healthy forever
C. usually keep doing exercise to lose their weight
D. don’t eat anything every day but still put on weight
2. Some people don’t need to worry about weight problems because ________.
A. they eat many vegetables
B. they eat less than others
C. they don’t store any energy from food as fat
D. they can burn off the extra food without making fat
3. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Fewer people will have weight problems in the future.
B. People with weight problems may suffer from heart trouble.
C. We now have good medicine for people with weight problems.
D. The result of the experiments on mice and humans are different.
4. What does the last paragraph imply?
A. Current medicine solve weight problems well.
B. We should exercise regularly and eat properly.
C. Taking exercise every day may cause heart problems.
D. Testing new drugs is hard because of the side effects.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B 4. B
【解析】这是一篇说明文。研究发现体重是否增加受基因因素的影响，但体重过重的人可能患有高血压和心脏病等疾病的风险，因此我们应该经常锻炼，合理饮食。
1细节理解题。根据第一段中“However, scientists are beginning to believe that some people get the ability to stay thin from their parents. (然而，科学家们开始认为有些人的保持苗条的能力来自他们的父母)”和第三段中“Scientists concluded that weight gain seemed to be influenced by genetic (基因的) factors. (科学家得出结论，体重增加似乎受基因因素的影响)”可知，科学家认为有些人能够保持苗条是因为基因的因素。故选A项。
2细节理解题。根据第二段中“Meanwhile, other people eat more than they need but their bodies are able to “burn off” the extra food without making fat, so they rarely have weight problems. (与此同时，有些人吃的比他们需要的多，但他们的身体能够“燃烧”多余的食物而不产生脂肪，所以他们很少有体重问题)”可知，有些人不需要担心体重问题，因为他们可以“燃烧”掉多余的食物而不产生脂肪。故选D项。
3推理判断题。根据第四段中“In the United States, over seventy percent of the population have weight problems. This means they are at risk of illness such as high blood pressure and heart disease. (在美国，超过70%的人口有体重问题。这意味着他们有患高血压和心脏病等疾病的风险)”可推知，有体重问题的人可能患有心脏病。故选B项。
4推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Therefore, despite this breakthrough in the study of weight-loss drugs, scientists and health professionals all agree that currently the best way to control weight gain is to have a healthy, balanced diet and an active lifestyle with daily exercise. (因此，尽管减肥药的研究取得了突破，但科学家和健康专家都一致认为，目前控制体重增加的最佳方式是拥有健康、均衡的饮食和积极的生活方式，并每天进行锻炼)”可推知，我们应该经常锻炼，合理饮食。故选B项。
D
In a small house in Belgrade, a teenage girl is drying her hair, while two others eat nearby. Several boys are having their temperature tested at the door. It is another busy day for Svratiste, which is Belgrade’s first center for children who live on the streets. For years, the building has provided warmth and shelter for the city’s most ignored children.
Since opening in 2007, Svratiste has welcomed hundreds of children, some as young as five years old. They come here to warm up, wash or eat. The kids that come to the center are all aged 5 to 15. What’s common for all of them is that they work in the street and live in extreme poverty. Also very few ever go to school.
Svratiste’s team of 13 social workers, psychologists and other experts have welcomed more than 1,400 children over the years. Money for the group’s operations comes from donations. Some people regularly bring in clothes and other aid. The group recently set up another center in a new part of town. Usually, the two centers are open every day. But both were sealed off because of restrictions when the COVID-19 pandemic(新型冠状病毒疫情)started in March. When Belgrade reopened in May, most of the children came back.
The Svratiste team has tried to help the children get to know their city by visiting playgrounds and theaters. An important effort has been to include them in the education system and make sure they stay. Bosko Markovic, now 18, first came to Svratiste five years ago. With the center’s help, he has finished high school and now wants to be a policeman. Therefore, Svratiste has made him a better person.
1. What can we learn about Svratiste?
A. It is a barber’s shop free for kids. B. It is a shelter for poor kids.
C. It is a street full of working kids. D. It is a restaurant designed for kids.
2. What is the second paragraph mainly about?
A. The kids Svratiste serves. B. The efforts Svratiste has made.
C. The way Svratiste serves its customers. D. The team members Svratiste is made up of.
3. Which of the following can refer to the words underlined in Para.3?
A. Changed. B. Decorated. C. Closed. D. Painted.
4. What can we infer from Bosko Markovic?
A. He has an impractical dream. B. He will reward Svratiste’s help.
C. He benefits a lot from Svratiste. D. He has been admitted to a college.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Svratiste——一个致力于帮助穷困儿童的援助中心。
1细节理解题。根据第一段“It is another busy day for Svratiste, which is Belgrade’s first center for children who live on the streets.”（ 对贝尔格莱德第一个流浪儿童中心Svratiste来说，这又是忙碌的一天）和后文描述“For years, the building has provided warmth and shelter for the city’s most ignored children.”（多年来，这座建筑为这座城市最被忽视的孩子们提供了温暖和庇护）可知，Svratiste是穷苦儿童的避难所。故选择B。
2主旨大意题。根据第二段第一句“Since opening in 2007, Svratiste has welcomed hundreds of children, some as young as five years old.”（ 自2007年开业以来，斯瓦拉提斯特已经接待了数百名儿童，其中一些只有5岁大）和后文围绕“hundreds of children”描述，用代词“They……The kids……for all of them……very few……”展开描述，可知本段主要介绍了Svratiste帮助的孩子们，故选择A。
3词义猜测题。根据第三段“Usually, the two centers are open every day. But……”(通常，这两个中心每天都开放。但……)以及“because of restrictions when the COVID-19 pandemic(新型冠状病毒疫情) started in March”(新型冠状病毒疫情在3月份开始了)可推知，由于新型冠状病毒的袭来，这两个中心不得不关闭。即划线词“sealed off”,意为“关闭”的意思，故选择C。
4推理判断题。根据最后一段“Bosko Markovic, now 18, first came to Svratiste five years ago. With the center’s help, he has finished high school and now wants to be a policeman. Therefore, Svratiste has made him a better person.”（博斯科·马尔科维奇今年18岁，5年前第一次来到弗拉提斯特。在该中心的帮助下，他完成了高中学业，现在想成为一名警察。因此，斯瓦拉提斯特使他成为一个更好的人）可知，Bosko Markovic在Svratiste中心的帮助下完成了高中学业，成为一个拥有梦想的、更好的人，所以可以推断出，Bosko Markovic从Svratiste中心受益很多。故选择C。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 选项。
Should We Create More National Parks to Save Endangered Animals?
Don’t you find it worrying that more and more species of animals are in real danger of becoming extinct? ___1___ And I think the best way to do this is for governments to create more national parks.
___2___ If this environment is destroyed — for example, when farmers clear a forest for new fields, or trees are cut down for making money — many animals are unable to survive, and more species are likely to become extinct.
In addition, national parks protect animals from the danger of being hunted. A major reason why many species are endangered is that the animals are killed by hunters. They hunt animals to make money.___3___
On the other hand, some people fight against the creation of national parks because they consider it wrong to interfere with nature. They believe that wild animals are happier living in their natural environment.___4___ They also point out that a few species are more likely to produce young animals in the wild than in national parks.
All in all, though, these disadvantages are far less important than the benefits of national parks.___5___ As a matter of fact, they protect animals from their greatest enemies, that is, human beings.
A. They say though the animals may face danger, they enjoy a free life.
B. Firstly, national parks protect the animals1 natural environment.
C. To begin with, animals are important to humans.
D. I personally believe that we must save these animals.
E. There is a heated discussion about whether to create more national parks.
F. These parks allow animals to live in a safe environment.
G. Some hunters even hunt animals simply for sport.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. G 4. A 5. F
【解析】本文作者建议建立更多的国家公园来保护濒临灭绝的野生动物，并阐述了理由。
1语义理解题。前一句Don’t you find it worrying that more and more species of animals are in real danger of becoming extinct?讲述越来越多的动物濒临灭绝，后一句And I think the best way to do this is for governments to create more national parks.说“我认为最好的办法是政府建更多的国家公园”，故空格处意思是“就自己而言，我相信我们必须拯救这些动物”，选D。
2语义理解题。由后文If this environment is destroyed — for example, when farmers clear a forest for new fields, or trees are cut down for making money — many animals are unable to survive, and more species are likely to become extinct.可知，要保护动物，首先要保护动物生活的自然环境，故选B。
3语义理解题。本段讲述国家公园可以避免动物被猎杀。接下来讲的是动物被猎杀的原因，G项是其中一个原因，故选G。
4语义理解题。由前文They believe that wild animals are happier living in their natural environment.可知，这里意思是他们说尽管这些动物可能会面临危险，但是它们喜欢一种自由的生活，选A。
5语义理解题。由All in all, though, these disadvantages are far less important than the benefits of national parks.和As a matter of fact, they protect animals from their greatest enemies, that is, human beings.可知，这里意思是这些公园使动物生活在一种安全的环境中，选F。
第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
People who are cheerful and relaxed are less likely to suffer from colds. It's ____1____ that being full of vim and vigor（精力充沛）helps the body ____2____ illnesses, say the researchers from Carnegie (CMU) in Pittsburgh.
“We need to take more seriously the possibility that a ____3____ emotional style is a fighter player in disease risk,” says psychologist Sheldon Gohen, the study's lead researcher.
In a previous study, Cohen and his colleagues found that people who ____4____ to be cheerful and lively were least likely to develop sniffles, coughs, and other cold symptoms(症状)。
Those findings were interesting, but they didn't prove that a person's ____5____ affects whether he or she gets sick. Instead, it was still possible that a person's underlying personality is what matters.
Evidence suggests, for example, that certain people are naturally more likely to be outgoing and ____6____, with high self-respect and a sense of ____7____ over life. This would mean that who we are, not how we feel, finally decides our____8____ of catching colds.
To figure out which mattered more (personality or emotion), the CMU team ____9____ 193 healthy adults. The researchers talked to each person over the phone every evening for 2 weeks. They told the researchers about the positive and negative ____10____they had experienced that day.
The results showed that everyone in the study was ____11____ likely to get infected. Their symptoms, however, ____12____ depending on the types of emotions that they had reported over the ____13____ two weeks.
Scientists ____14____ about whether negative emotions or positive emotions have a stronger ____15____ on how healthy we are. For now, it can't hurt to look on the bright side more often than not!
1. A. necessary B. possible C. doubtful D. certain
2. A. fight B. reduce C. stop D. remove
3. A. negative B. standard C. passive D. positive
4. A. failed B. managed C. tended D. had
5. A. thought B. attitude C. strength D. quality
6. A. active B. optimistic C. brave D. healthy
7. A. control B. humour C. direction D. urgency
8. A. attitude B. sufferings C. chances D. emotions
9. A. examined B. watched C. tested D. interviewed
10. A. characters B. feelings C. attitudes D. thoughts
11. A. equally B. less C. most D. hardly
12. A. occurred B. differed C. suffered D. reduced
13. A. same B. exact C. valuable D. previous
14. A. talk B. know C. argue D. think
15. A. effect B. feeling C. impression D. image
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. B 6. B 7. A 8. C 9. D 10. B 11. A 12. B 13. D 14. C 15. A
【解析】本文为说明文。文章说明了科学家认为积极的情绪类型能帮助我们减少患病风险。但结果显示，参与研究的每个人被感染的可能性是相等的。
1考查形容词词义辨析。句意：匹兹堡卡内基大学(CMU)的研究人员说，充满精力和活力可能有助于身体抵抗疾病。A. necessary必要的；B. possible可能的；C. doubtful可疑的；D. certain必然的。根据后文“say the researchers from Carnegie (CMU) in Pittsburgh.”可知，这是匹兹堡卡内基大学(CMU)的研究人员的可能性推测。故选B项。
2考查动词词义辨析。句意：匹兹堡卡内基大学(CMU)的研究人员说，充满活力和活力可能有助于身体抵抗疾病。A. fight与……竞争；B. reduce减少；C. stop停止；D. remove移开。根据句意以及“illnesses ”可知是与疾病作斗争。故选A项。
3考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们需要更加重视这样一种可能性:积极的情绪类型能帮助我们减少患病风险。A. negative消极的；B. standard标准的；C. passive被动的；D. positive积极的。根据后文“a fighter player in disease risk”可知积极的情绪可以成为疾病风险中的战斗者。故选D项。
4考查动词词义辨析。句意：在此前的一项研究中，科恩和他的同事们发现，性格开朗活泼的人最不容易出现流鼻涕、咳嗽等感冒症状。A. failed失败；B. managed管理；C. tended趋向，倾向；D. had有。根据后文“least likely to develop sniffles, coughs, and other cold symptoms”可知，性格倾向于活泼开朗的人最不容易出现流鼻涕、咳嗽等感冒症状。故选C项。
5考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些发现很有趣，但它们并没有证明一个人的态度会影响他或她是否生病。A. thought思想，想法；B. attitude态度；C. strength力量，力气；D. quality质量。根据上文“people who tended to be cheerful and lively were least likely to develop sniffles, coughs, and other cold symptoms.”可知，性格倾向于活泼开朗的人最不容易生病，也就是一个人的生活态度会影响他或她是否生病。故选B项。
6考查形容词词义辨析。句意：例如，有证据表明，某些人天生更可能是外向和乐观的，有高度的自尊和对生活的控制感。A. active积极的，活跃的；B. optimistic乐观的；C. brave勇敢的；D. healthy健康的。根据前文“outgoing and”可知，该空应填与“outgoing”意义并列，形容性格的词。故选B项。
7考查名词词义辨析。句意：例如，有证据表明，某些人天生更可能是外向和乐观的，有高度的自尊和对生活的掌控感。A. control控制，掌控；B. humour幽默；C. direction指导，方向；D. urgency紧急。根据前文“high self-respect”可推知，有高度自尊的人也有着对生活的掌控感。故选A项。
8考查名词词义辨析。句意：这意味着我们是谁，最终决定了我们患感冒的几率，而不是我们的感觉。A. attitude态度；B. sufferings苦难的经历；C. chances机会，几率；D. emotions情绪。根据句子“finally decides our 8 of catching colds.”语境可知，是我们自己本身决定了患感冒的几率。故选C项。
9考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了弄清楚性格和情感哪个更重要，CMU团队采访了193名健康成年人。A. examined检查；B. watched观察；C. tested考验； D. interviewed采访。根据后文“193 healthy adults”可知，CMU团队采访了193名健康成年人。故选D项。
10考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们告诉研究人员当天所经历的积极和消极的感受。A. characters性格；B. feelings感觉，感受；C. attitudes态度；D. thoughts想法。根据前文“To figure out which mattered more (personality or emotion)”可知，研究人员为了弄清楚性格和情感哪个更重要，于是他们采访研究对象当天经历的积极和消极的感受。“feelings”与“emotion”为情感方面的词。故选B项。
11考查副词词义辨析。句意：结果显示，参与研究的每个人被感染的可能性是相等的。A. equally相等地；B. less更少地；C. most最多；D. hardly几乎不。根据后文“Their symptoms, however, 12 depending on the types of emotions that they had reported over the 13 two weeks.”可推知，尽管研究对象的症状因情绪类型而不同，但是他们被感染的可能性是相等的。故选A项。
12考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，他们的症状因前两周报告的情绪类型不同而有所不同。A. occurred发生；B. differed使……不同；C. suffered遭受；D. reduced减少。根据后文“depending on the types of emotions that they had reported”可知，他们的报告的情绪类型是不同的。因此，他们的症状因情绪类型不同而有所不同。故选B项。
13考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，他们的症状因前两周报告的情绪类型不同而有所不同。A. same相同的；B. exact准确的；C. valuable有价值的；D. previous以前的。根据上文“The researchers talked to each person over the phone every evening for 2 weeks.”可知，研究人员每天晚上都和研究对象进行电话交谈，持续两周。因此，到研究结束为止，症状是前两周发生的。故选D项。
14考查动词词义辨析。句意：科学家们争论是否消极情绪或者积极情绪对我们的健康有更大的影响。A. talk谈论；B. know知道；C. argue争论；D. think想。根据前文 “Their symptoms, however, 12 depending on the types of emotions that they had reported over the 13 two weeks.”可知，研究结果显示研究对象的症状因前两周报告的情绪类型不同而有所不同，没有体现出积极情绪和消极情绪哪个对人们的健康影响更大。因此科学家对此进行争论。故选C项。
15考查名词词义辨析。句意：科学家们争论是否消极情绪或积极情绪对我们的健康有更大的影响。A. effect影响；B. feeling感觉；C. impression印象；D. image想象。根据全文以及句子“whether negative emotions or positive emotions have a stronger 15 on how healthy we are.”可知，科学家们争论是否消极情绪或积极情绪对我们的健康有更大的影响。故选A项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Do you want to learn a foreign language? Choose one of the most ___1___ (use) languages suggested below to learn.
In most countries all over the world, English is the most widely used second language. Whether a person is traveling to a foreign country or communicating ___2___ people from other ___3___ (country) for business purposes, English is one language which will come in handy at every step.
Spanish is the language of business in about twenty countries. There are many jobs in the United States as well as in many other countries, which specially ask for people ___4___ know how to speak and write Spanish.
The Chinese economy is booming! In the future, China ___5___ (become) the economic world leader, which makes ___6___ the perfect time to learn Mandarin Chinese, a language ___7___ (speak) by millions of people.
French ___8___ (recognize) as one of the top languages to learn, ___9___ (simple) because it is a chief language in northern and western Africa. Anyone trying to understand European history can benefit a lot from ___10___ (learn) this language.
【答案】1. useful 2. with 3. countries 4. who/that 5. will become 6. it 7. spoken
8. is recognized 9. simply 10. learning
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。作者为想要学习外语的人介绍并且推荐了几种语言。
1考查形容词。句意：选择下面建议的最有用的语言之一来学习。该空修饰名词 languages，应用形容词，故填useful。
2考查介词。句意：无论一个人是去外国旅游，还是出于商业目的，和其他国家的人交流，英语是迟早会派上用处的一门语言。communicate with sb.意为“与某人交流”，是固定搭配，故填with。
3考查名词的数。句意同上。country是可数名词，前面有other修饰，故用名词复数，所以填countries。
4考查定语从句关系词。句意：美国和许多其他国家都有许多工作岗位，特别需要会说西班牙语和写西班牙语的人。本句为定语从句修饰先行词people，且关系词在从句中作主语，指人，应用关系代词who或that。故填who/that。
5考查动词时态。句意：在未来，中国将成为世界经济的领导者，这使之成为学习汉语普通话的最佳时机，汉语普通话是数百万人使用的语言。根据时间状语 In the future可判断出设空处指发生在将来的事情，用一般将来时，故填will become。
6考查it作形式宾语。句意同上。make后面跟it作形式宾语，不定式to learn Mandarin Chinese是真正的宾语，故填it。
7考查非谓语动词。句意同上。分析句子结构可知speak在句中做非谓语动词，且a language与speak之间是被动关系，所以设空处用过去分词作定语，故填spoken。
8考查动词时态语态。句意：法语被认为是最好的语言之一，因为它是北非和西非的主要语言。分析时态可知，此处介绍的是一般事实，应用一般现在时，又因French和recognize之间是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态。主语为French，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填is recognized。
9考查副词。句意同上。该空修饰because引导的整个句子，用副词，故填simply。
10考查非谓语动词。句意：任何试图了解欧洲历史的人都能从学习这种语言中获益良多。from是一个介词，后面接-ing形式作宾语，故填learning。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
假定你是李华。上周日你校举办了拔河比赛活动，请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：
1. 参加人员；
2. 活动概况；
3. 活动意义。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为 80 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。
An Exciting Tug of War
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
An Exciting Tug of War
In order to inspire students to pay more attention to physical exercise, an exciting tug of war was held on our school playground last Sunday.
The activity, organized by Students’ Union, attracted all Senior One students. Twenty teams tried their best to win, with the rest cheering all the way. The activity lasted about two hours and drew to a successful close.
Through the activity, we benefited a lot mentally and physically. Not only did it enrich our school life, but let us further realize the importance of building up our body and working as a team.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生为校英文报写一篇报道，报道上周日学校举办的拔河比赛活动的相关情况。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般过去时。
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：
1. 参加人员；
2. 活动概况；
3. 活动意义。
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
As a sixth grader, I found it hard to fit in and make friends.
Our teacher had assigned (分派, 布置) “secret friends” for the coming week. She wrote each kid's name on a piece of paper and threw them into a glass; then we each closed our eyes and picked out one. By the middle of the week，everyone had turned this assignment into a competition to see whose secret friend could leave the best gift. It seemed that everyone was getting cool presents from their friend except me.
On the last morning of our assignment. I walked into my classroom and noticed a package with a box of powder (胭脂粉). The girls sitting near me laughed at the gift I had received. What's worse, the powder had already been opened.
I tried to forget about the embarrassing gift, but when I was in the bathroom during the break, the girls started speaking ill of my secret friend of giving it to me. I quickly joined in. “How terrible,” I heard myself saying “What could my friend be thinking by giving me such a stupid gift? My grandmother wouldn't even want it.” The girls laughed at my remarks (评论) and rushed out of the bathroom. I stayed to wash my hands and let water run through my fingers as I thought about what I had just said. It wasn't normal like me to say mean (刻薄的) things like that about someone.
Paragraph 1:
Then I saw my classmate Janet come out of a bathroom booth (厕所隔间) tears streaming down her face.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Along with my apologies, I explained the reason.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Paragraph 1:
Then I saw my classmate Janet come out of a bathroom booth(厕所隔间), tears streaming down her face. She shouted at me with anger, “If you don’t want my gift you can just leave it instead of laughing at it. This is the best powder from my mum! “Before I could say a word, Janet dashed out, leaving me dumb with deep regret. But soon I clenched my fingers and made up my mind to find Janet and say sorry to her. There she was, sitting in a tree shadow wiping her eyes.
Paragraph 2:
Along with my apologies, I explained the reason. I was not a mean girl by judging people’s presents. The reason why I complained in front of the girls was that I wanted to fit in, having a sense of belonging in the group. Hearing my sincere words, Janet calmed herself down after constant sobs and said, “True friendship comes from genuine care and love for each other. I think that’s our teacher’s intention of this ‘secret friend’ assignment”. That day, I learned to cherish real friendship.
【解析】
【分析】
本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了老师布置了“密友”的作业，所有同学都收到了很酷的礼物但作者没有，于是作者和其他同学一起在洗手间嘲笑那个糟糕的礼物，却被送礼物的同学听到。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“然后我看到我的同学珍妮特从厕所隔间里走出来，泪流满面。”可知，第一段可描写珍妮特听到作者对自己送的礼物嘲笑，并感到十分伤心。
②由第二段首句内容“我一边道歉，一边解释了原因。”可知，第二段可描写作者向珍妮特道歉的具体行为。
2.续写线索：生气——冲出去——后悔——道歉——解释——明白作业目的
3.词汇激活
行为类
① 嘲笑：make fun of/langht at
② 哑口无言： cats got one's tongue/at a loss for words
③ 冲出去：rush out/dash out
情绪类
① 生气：get angry/be burned up
② 后悔：in remorse/with regret
③ 抱怨：cry out/find fault with
附加题
一．单词拼写 （共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）
1. A professor at the Academy has proposed that a fund be e_________ to raise money.（根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】established
【解析】考查动词和被动语态。句意：该学院的一位教授提议建立一个基金来筹集资金。根据主语a fund和to raise money可知，此处应用动词“建立”，根据首字母e可知，此处应用动词establish。且此处主语a fund和动词establish构成被动关系。故填established。
2. If you swim in a river or lake, be sure to i_________(调查) what is below the water surface.（根据中英文提示填空）
【答案】investigate
【解析】考查动词。句意：如果你在河流或湖泊中游泳，一定要调查一下水面以下的情况。根据汉语提示和首字母i提示可知，investigate调查，动词，符合题意；be sure to do sth.一定做某事，固定搭配，所以空处需用动词原形。故填investigate。
3. How valuable you are is not m_________(衡量，估量) by how pretty you are on the outside. （根据中英文提示填空）
【答案】measured
【解析】考查被动语态。句意：你的价值不取决于你的外表有多漂亮。根据汉语提示和首字母m可知，,measure“衡量，估量”，动词，符合题意；由空后“by how pretty you are on the outside. ”可知，空处谓语动词需用一般现在时态的被动语态，所以空处需用过去分词measured。故填measured。
4. Only when we learn to exist in h_________ with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】harmony
【解析】考查名词。句意：只有当我们学会与自然和谐相处时，我们才能停止对野生动物和地球的威胁。介词in 后接名词harmony作宾语，构成固定搭配in harmony with sth.（与某物和谐相处）。故填harmony。
5. The group asked for c_________ from different departments and raised funds within the international community. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】contributions
【解析】考查名词的数。句意：该小组要求各部门捐款，并在国际社会内筹集资金。介词for 后用名词作宾语，名词contribution意为“捐款”是可数的，由from different departments可知，此处用其复数形式。故填contributions。
6. Though affected by gradual blindness, Henry was still capable of writing compositions and he found that creating music was a r_________ and cure for his disease. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】relief
【解析】考查名词的数。句意：尽管受到逐渐失明的影响，亨利仍然有写作的能力，他发现创作音乐是一种解脱和治愈疾病的方法。不定冠词a后接单数名词形式，用名词relief（解脱）表一种宽慰的感觉。故填relief。
7. Schools should be lively places where i_________(个体) are encouraged to develop to their greatest potential. （根据中英文提示填空）
【答案】individuals
【解析】考查名词的数。句意：学校应该是充满活力的地方，鼓励个人发挥他们的最大潜力。根据汉语提示“个体”，可知应填名词individual，作主语，结合后文are可知用复数。故填individuals。
8. The unemployment problem tends to be a city p_________. (现象) （根据中英文提示填空）
【答案】phenomenon
【解析】考查名词。句意：失业问题往往是一种城市现象。根据汉语和首字母p提示可知，phenomenon现象，名词，符合题意，不定冠词a后需接可数名词单数。故填phenomenon。
9. In art criticism, you must a_________(假定) the artist has a secret message hidden within the work. （根据中英文提示填空）
【答案】assume
【解析】考查动词。句意：在艺术批评中，你必须假设艺术家在作品中隐藏着一个秘密信息。情态动词must +动词原形，此处用动词assume的动词原形形式。故填assume。
10. The four countries belonging to the United Kingdom share the same currency and military d________.（根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】defense/defence
【解析】考查名词。句意：属于联合王国（英国）的四个国家拥有相同的货币和军事防御。形容词military后接名词defense/defence（防御），构成名词短语，和名词短语 the same currency 一样，作动词 share的宾语。故填defense/defence。
二．翻译句子（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据括号中的提示将下列句子翻译成英语。
1. 种树能防止土壤被冲走。(prevent; wash away)（汉译英）
____________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Planting / Growing / To plant / grow trees can prevent the soil (from) being washed away.
【解析】考查动词及动词短语。表示“种植”应用动词 plant / grow ；非谓语动词在句中充当主语应用动名词或者动词不定式的形式，表示“防止”短语为prevent...from doing...，表示“冲走”短语为wash away，句中soil和动词wash away是被动关系，用动名词的被动形式。故翻译为Planting / Growing / To plant / grow trees can prevent the soil (from) being washed away.
2. 你最好不要吃太多的肉以防发胖。(in case) （汉译英）
____________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】You’d better not eat too much meat in case you put on weight / gain weight / get / become fat.
【解析】考查短语、状语从句和时态。had better最好，后加动词原形；too much太多；put on weight / gain weight / get / become fat发胖。in case以防，引导目的状语从句。根据句意，用一般现在时。故翻译为You’d better not eat too much meat in case you put on weight / gain weight / get / become fat.
3. 无论年龄大小，任何人都可以加入这个俱乐部。(regardless) （汉译英）
____________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Anyone /Anybody can join the club / become a / the member of the club regardless of age / their ages.
【解析】考查介词短语。根据提示regardless以及汉意“无论”可知，此处可用regardless of短语；“任何人”可以用anyone/anybody表示；“可以”用情态动词can，后加动词原形；“加入俱乐部”可以用join the club/ become a / the member of the club表示。故而答案为Anyone /Anybody can join the club / become a / the member of the club regardless of age / their ages.
4. 我们到达车站，结果却发现火车已经离开了。(only to) （汉译英）
____________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】We got to / went to /arrived at / reached the station (,) only to find (that) the train had (already) left / was gone.
【解析】考查时态，动词，名词，短语。根据句意可知，此句描述的是过去发生的事情，且火车离开发生在到达车站之前，故主句使用一般过去时，从句使用过去完成时。表示“到达”用动词的一般过去式got to；表示“车站”用名词短语the station；表示出乎意料的“结果”用only to，后加动词原形；表示“发现”用动词find；表示“火车”用名词the train；表示“已经离开了”用过去完成时had left。故答案为We got to the station, only to find the train had left.
5. 他成功地把他的观点跟听众们讲清楚了。(get across) （汉译英）
____________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】He succeeded in getting / managed to get across his point / view / opinion to the audience.
He got across his point / view / opinion to the audience successfully.
【解析】考查动词，名词，短语，时态。根据句意“讲清楚了”可知，此句描述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。表示“成功做某事”用动词短语succeed in doing sth.。因为时态是一般过去时，故用succeeded in doing sth.；表示“向......表达清楚”用动词短语get across… to。因为此处需做动词succeeded的宾语，故用getting across… to；表示“他的观点”用his point；表示“观众”用名词短语the audience。故答案为He succeeded in getting across his point to the audience.
2022-2023学年高一上学期期末教学质量调研英语模拟试卷二
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出 最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每 段对话仅读一遍。
1. What time is it now probably?
A. 8:30. B. 8:20. C. 8:00.
【答案】C
【解析】M: When is the meeting supposed to start?
W: Don’t worry. It won’t start until 8:30. We’ve still got 30 minutes.
2.Which of the following wasn't lost?
A. Her purse. B. Her phone. C. Her keys.
【答案】B
【解析】M: Was there anything valuable in the missing bag, ma’am?
W: Yes, my purse and my keys. Luckily, I was using my mobile phone at the time.
3. What does the woman want to do tonight?
A. Watch a movie. B. Go to a concert. C. Go to bed early.
【答案】C
【解析】M: We could watch a movie at home this evening … or would you rather go out to eat in a restaurant and then go to a concert?
W: I actually don’t feel very well. I just want to get some sleep now.
4. Which fruit are the speakers talking about?
A. Grapes. B. Apples. C. Bananas.
【答案】A
【解析】M: It’s good to see all these grapes.
W: Yes, these are much more delicious than the green apples we’ve had these past few days.
M: Yes, though today I really wish I could have a banana.
5. What does the woman plan to do?
A. Work on her composition.
B. Surf on the Internet.
C. Chat with neighbors.
【答案】B
【解析】M: I just finished my composition. Would you like to go to the park with me?
W: Why?
M: Just to chat with some neighbors.
W: No, I think I’d rather just stay here and surf online.
第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22. 5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的a、B、C三 个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟； 听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. Where did the man just come back （Yom?
A. Italy. B. Brazil. C. South Africa.
7. Why did the man go to China last year?
A. To do volunteer work.
B. To see his children.
C. To do some sightseeing.
【答案】6. A 7. C
【解析】W: Mike, I heard you just got back from Italy. How was your time there?
M: It couldn’t have been better. I really enjoyed visiting the museums there, and the sunshine in Italy is great.
W: Is it the longest trip you have ever taken?
M: No. I traveled to China last year. It was much farther. What is the longest trip you have ever taken?
W: My trip to South Africa. I went there as a volunteer to help poor children. Why did you go to China?
M: To see Beijing. And I’m planning to go to Brazil next year.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. How old is the man's physics teacher?
A. In his thirties. B. In his forties. C. In his fifties.
9. What does the man think of his math teacher?
A. Boring. B. Humorous. C. Strict.
10. Who is a new teacher to the woman?
A. The physics teacher.
B. The math teacher.
C. The English teacher.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. C
【解析】W: Jim, do you have any new teachers this term?
M: Yes. We have a new physics teacher and a new math teacher.
W: How do you like them?
M: Well, I don’t really like the physics teacher. Though he’s just in his thirties, he seems like an old man. He’s so boring. His classes are not lively at all. He never talks with us after class and he never plays sports with us.
W: Then what about the math teacher?
M: I really like him. He’s in his early forties. He has a good sense of humor. He makes math very interesting. Now I really like math. Do you have any new teachers this year?
W: Yes. We’ve got a new English teacher.
M: Do you like her?
W: Well, she’s very much like your physics teacher.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11. How long did the man work in France?
A. For about five years. B. For about seven years. C. For about ten years.
12. Why is the woman here?
A. To give a class. B. To learn the piano. C. To pick up her son.
13. How do the speakers feel after realizing where each other lives?
A. Disappointed. B. Surprised. C. Concerned.
【答案】11. A 12. C 13. B
【解析】W: What a surprise to see you here, Frank!
M: Jane? It’s you, right? I can’t believe it. It’s been almost ten years since we last met.
W: Yeah, that was at Lisa’s birthday party. You left for France the following day. So when did you come back to the States?
M: Five years ago. I worked in France, got married there, and then after my daughter was born, came back here with my family. So, what are you up to here?
W: Oh, I’m here to pick up my son. He’s in the piano class. What about you?
M: I’m here to pick up my daughter. She’s in the dance class. Do you live near here?
W: Yeah, just two blocks east. What about you?
M: About five blocks west. That’s really shocking. We live just about seven blocks away from each other, and we haven’t met for five years.
W: That’s really something. Oh, there’s the bell! Hey, let me get your phone number before all the kids come out.
M: OK.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14. What subject is the man's first class?
A. French. B. Math. C. Science.
15. Which teacher does the man like best?
A. Madame Martin. B. Mr. Thomas. C. Mr. Greenwood.
16. What do we know about Mr. Greenwood?
A. He seldom gives homework.
B. He can explain everything.
C. He can speak French.
17. What does the woman say about Miss McCloud?
A. She is strict. B. She is patient. C. She is smart.
【答案】14. A 15. B 16. B 17. C
【解析】W: Hi Jack! How’s your first day back at school going?
M: Oh … OK. The first class is French. It was awful.
W: Oh, yeah? Who’s your teacher?
M: Madame Martin.
W: Oh, she’s really good! I like Madame Martin.
M: Really? She makes us speak French all the time. I don’t understand her.
W: Yeah! She’s strict but you learn loads in her classes, Jack! And who’s your maths teacher?
M: Mr. Thomas. He’s my favourite.
W: Really?! I’ve got Mr. Greenwood. He explains everything really well and he is really patient.
M: Yeah, Mr. Greenwood is OK, but he gives so much homework! I prefer Mr. Thomas.
W: OK, well, Mr. Greenwood’s my favourite.
M: OK, let’s agree to disagree. Who have you got for science?
W: Miss McCloud. She’s a smart teacher, and she’s so nice.
M: Yeah, I agree with you there.
W: I can’t believe it! Finally you agree with me!
M: Whatever!
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
18. What did Jean-Luc Brassard do?
A. A TV reporter. B. A coach. C. A sportsman.
19. When did Dale Begg-Smith win the gold medal?
A. In 2006. B. In 2010. C. In 2014.
20. What is Jason Begg-Smith good at?
A. Tennis. B. Fishing. C. Surfing.
【答案】18. C 19. A 20. B
【解析】Good morning, everyone. I’m a reporter from Sports News. Today I’d like to share with you a little about Dale Begg-Smith.
When Dale was eight years old, he was watching TV at home. He watched a Frenchman named Jean Luc Brassard win gold in his Olympic event. Dale decided that one day he would win a gold medal in the Olympics, too.
In his early years, he worked hard at skiing just so he could compete for Australia. He spent three whole years doing this. His performance was perfect, which earned him the high score that helped him win gold in the Winter Olympic Games in Torino in 2006 and silver at the 2010 Winter Games.
When he is not busy training or competing, Dale enjoys spending time with family and friends. He enjoys fishing with his brother Jason Begg-Smith, and the two brothers have won fishing competitions together. In addition to skiing, his hobbies include tennis, table tennis, surfing, and working out at the gym.
第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Kids Nature and Survival Camp
Set free your kids’ imagination and spirit of adventure at this camp, as they learn about the natural environment and the important skills of survival.
Activity overview
* 44-day Camp in the Santa Cruz Mountains
* Basic Survival Skills: Shelter, Water, Fire, Food
* Expert Instructors-with a minimum of 10 years of experience
* Set your own custom(定制的) camp date
Details
* The camp will run for 5 hours each day: 9 am-2 pm.
* This class is 100% hands-on and very active. Everything your kids learn, they will do—no indoor classrooms or long lectures.
* Each day will center around one of the 4 main necessities of survival: SHELTER(day 1). WATER(day 2), FIRE(day 3), and FOOD(day 4).
Dates offered
* We offer 1 public camp date each summer for ages 8-12. For 2021, that date is August 5-8(9 am-2 pm each day). To book that date for a child between the ages of 8-12, please click the REGISTER NOW link below.
* We also arrange custom/private camp dates for both kids and teens all year round.
Extra information
* 4-Day Camp: $395
* Add shuttle(班车) ride to/from downtown Santa Cruz for $160($40 per day)
* At this time we do not have shuttle service from the Silicon Valley side of the hill, but we do work to help organize carpools(拼车) from the Los Gatos/Saratoga/Campbell area each year for interested parents.
1. What will kids learn if they join the camp?
A. How to make long lectures. B. How to survive in the wild.
C. How to organize a camp. D. How to improve their imagination.
2. What’s special about the class of camp?
A. It is free for all children. B. Children could learn it online.
C. It is based on practicing in person to learn. D. Kids could hook a public camp date each spring.
3. Which of the following provides shuttle service?
A. Los Gatos. B. Santa Cruz. C. Saratoga. D. Campbell.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B
【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章是一则儿童自然和生存夏令营的广告，介绍了夏令营的特色、时间安排等信息。
1细节理解题。根据第一段“Set free your kids’ imagination and spirit of adventure at this camp, as they learn about the natural environment and the important skills of survival.(在这个夏令营中，孩子们可以充分发挥想象力和冒险精神，了解自然环境和重要的生存技能)”可知，如果孩子们参加夏令营，他们会学到如何在野外生存。故选B。
2细节理解题。根据Details部分中“This class is 100% hands-on and very active. Everything your kids learn, they will do—no indoor classrooms or long lectures.(这门课是100%的实践性的，非常活跃。你的孩子学的所有东西，他们都会去做——没有室内教室，也没有长时间的讲座)”可知，夏令营班的特别之处在于是基于亲身练习来学习的。故选C。
3细节理解题。根据Extra information部分中“* Add shuttle(班车) ride to/from downtown Santa Cruz for $160($40 per day) (增加往返Santa Cruz的班车，费用为160美元，每天40美元)”可知，提供到Santa Cruz的班车服务。故选B。
B
Genghis Khan（成吉思汗）remains to this day one of the most successful men to have walked the Earth. Rising from an outcast to be the ruler of the largest land empire to have ever existed, he introduced an alphabet and an official form of money, united a kingdom of tribes at war with each other, and conquered most of the known world. His empire spread from Poland to Japan. It is estimated that one in every 200 men on the planet today is related to Genghis Khan. But there are no accounts of the events that surrounded his death and burial; only a mystery focused around an area known as the Forbidden Zone.
From the time of the Khan's death in 1227 up until 1991 the Forbidden Zone was as off-limits as any place in the world. Shortly after he died, the surviving Mongol leaders ordered a group of 50 fierce families, known as the Uryangqai of the Woods, to occupy this land and kill anyone who entered without permission.
They made exceptions only for the funeral processions（队伍）of the Khan's direct descendants, who were also allowed to be buried there. This extreme degree of secrecy has led many to the conclusion that the body of Genghis Khan himself lies in a tomb somewhere in this zone, along with some of the treasures of an empire vaster than those of Napoleon and Alexander the Great combined. When the U.S.S. R.（前苏联）took over Mongolia in 1924; they killed all the Uryangqai of the Woods just as they tried to erase the memory of the great Khan. The Forbidden Zone -still remained off-limits, however. It wasn't until the fall of the U.S.S.R. in 1991 that entering the Forbidden Zone became possible for scientists and historians. Even today, eight centuries after it quietly rested, the Forbidden Zone has been visited by very few.
1. Which of the following statements about Genghis Khan is TRUE?
A. He was the ruler of the largest empire in history.
B. He united and occupied many parts of the world.
C. An exact number of 200 people are related to him today.
D. He was buried in what is known as the Forbidden Zone.
2. What can we learn about the Uryangqai of the Woods?
A. They buried Genghis Khan's body in secret.
B. They were ordered to occupy the Forbidden Zone.
C. They were killed because they hated Genghis Khan.
D. They forbade everyone from entering the Forbidden Zone.
3. What would the author probably write about next?
A. Who visited the Forbidden Zone.
B. When the Forbidden Zone was discovered.
C. Why the U.S.S.R. killed all the Uryangqai.
D. How the great Khan conquered the known world.
4. What would be the best title for the text?
A. Genghis Khan, a Great Emperor
B. The Forbidden Zone, a Remaining Mystery
C. The Discovery of Genghis Khan's Tomb
D. The Bravery of the Uryangqai of the Woods
【答案】1. B 2. B 3. A 4. B
【解析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了成吉思汗以的成就及他神秘的陵墓的相关信息。
1细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Rising from an outcast to be the ruler of the largest land empire to have ever existed, he introduced an alphabet and an official form of money, united a kingdom of tribes at war with each other, and conquered most of the known world. ”（他从一个被遗弃的人成长为有史以来最大的陆地帝国的统治者，他引入了字母表和官方货币形式。他统一了互相交战的部落王国，征服了已知世界的大部分地区。）可知，他联合并占领了世界上许多地方。故选B。
2细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Shortly after he died, the surviving Mongol leaders ordered a group of 50 fierce families, known as the Uryangqai of the Woods, to occupy this land and kill anyone who entered without permission.”（在他死后不久，幸存的蒙古领导人下令50个残暴的家族，即所谓的“森林中的乌阳盖”，占领这片土地，杀死任何未经许可进入的人。）可知，他们被命令占领禁区。故选B。
3推理判断题。根据全文最后一句话“ Even today, eight centuries after it quietly rested, the Forbidden Zone has been visited by very few.”说到虽然科学家和历史学家现在可以造访“禁地”，但仍只有极少数人到过这里，可以推断，下文应该会讲述哪些人到过这里，有何发现等。故选A。
4主旨大意题。本文除了第一段讲述了成吉思汗的成就，下文主要在讲他死后有可能被葬在禁地，还专门有禁军驻守。后来前苏联入侵，杀光禁军，占领“禁地”直到向科学家和历史学家开放，但仍只有极少数人到过这里。所以短文的最佳标题为““禁地”仍是一个神秘的地方。”故选B。
C
Have you ever noticed that some people can eat what they want and stay in shape, while others carefully watch what they eat and still put on weight? How annoying! However, scientists are beginning to believe that some people get the ability to stay thin from their parents.
Scientists say that when some people eat, their bodies will naturally store the excess energy from food as fat. These people gain weight if they eat more than they need each day. Meanwhile, other people eat more than they need but their bodies are able to “burn off” the extra food without making fat, so they rarely have weight problems.
To show that this is true, scientists have experimented on laboratory mice. They gave the mice a special diet with a lot of fat. Some mice gained weight while the other mice stayed thin, even though both groups of mice ate the same amount of food and got the same amount of exercise. Scientists concluded that weight gain seemed to be influenced by genetic (基因的) factors. They also believe they have now identified the genes that may cause this tendency. These genes, according to the scientists, get passed down the generations. Armed with this knowledge, they believe it may be possible to develop medicines that can target the genes and stop people from gaining weight.
The study of weight gain is becoming more important as the numbers of people who are overweight continues to grow. In the United States over seventy percent of the population have weight problems. This means they are at risk of illness such as high blood pressure and heart disease.
Current medicines for weight control do not work very well because they can have serious side effects, such as heart problems. However, it takes a long time to develop and thoroughly test new drugs. Therefore, despite this breakthrough in the study of weight-loss drugs, scientists and health professionals all agree that currently the best way to control weight gain is to have a healthy, balanced diet and an active lifestyle with daily exercise. This will not only help people avoid becoming overweight, but also help them stay healthy and energetic.
1. According to the scientists, some people ________.
A. are able to stay thin because of genetic factors
B. can eat what they want and stay healthy forever
C. usually keep doing exercise to lose their weight
D. don’t eat anything every day but still put on weight
2. Some people don’t need to worry about weight problems because ________.
A. they eat many vegetables
B. they eat less than others
C. they don’t store any energy from food as fat
D. they can burn off the extra food without making fat
3. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Fewer people will have weight problems in the future.
B. People with weight problems may suffer from heart trouble.
C. We now have good medicine for people with weight problems.
D. The result of the experiments on mice and humans are different.
4. What does the last paragraph imply?
A. Current medicine solve weight problems well.
B. We should exercise regularly and eat properly.
C. Taking exercise every day may cause heart problems.
D. Testing new drugs is hard because of the side effects.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B 4. B
【解析】这是一篇说明文。研究发现体重是否增加受基因因素的影响，但体重过重的人可能患有高血压和心脏病等疾病的风险，因此我们应该经常锻炼，合理饮食。
1细节理解题。根据第一段中“However, scientists are beginning to believe that some people get the ability to stay thin from their parents. (然而，科学家们开始认为有些人的保持苗条的能力来自他们的父母)”和第三段中“Scientists concluded that weight gain seemed to be influenced by genetic (基因的) factors. (科学家得出结论，体重增加似乎受基因因素的影响)”可知，科学家认为有些人能够保持苗条是因为基因的因素。故选A项。
2细节理解题。根据第二段中“Meanwhile, other people eat more than they need but their bodies are able to “burn off” the extra food without making fat, so they rarely have weight problems. (与此同时，有些人吃的比他们需要的多，但他们的身体能够“燃烧”多余的食物而不产生脂肪，所以他们很少有体重问题)”可知，有些人不需要担心体重问题，因为他们可以“燃烧”掉多余的食物而不产生脂肪。故选D项。
3推理判断题。根据第四段中“In the United States, over seventy percent of the population have weight problems. This means they are at risk of illness such as high blood pressure and heart disease. (在美国，超过70%的人口有体重问题。这意味着他们有患高血压和心脏病等疾病的风险)”可推知，有体重问题的人可能患有心脏病。故选B项。
4推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Therefore, despite this breakthrough in the study of weight-loss drugs, scientists and health professionals all agree that currently the best way to control weight gain is to have a healthy, balanced diet and an active lifestyle with daily exercise. (因此，尽管减肥药的研究取得了突破，但科学家和健康专家都一致认为，目前控制体重增加的最佳方式是拥有健康、均衡的饮食和积极的生活方式，并每天进行锻炼)”可推知，我们应该经常锻炼，合理饮食。故选B项。
D
In a small house in Belgrade, a teenage girl is drying her hair, while two others eat nearby. Several boys are having their temperature tested at the door. It is another busy day for Svratiste, which is Belgrade’s first center for children who live on the streets. For years, the building has provided warmth and shelter for the city’s most ignored children.
Since opening in 2007, Svratiste has welcomed hundreds of children, some as young as five years old. They come here to warm up, wash or eat. The kids that come to the center are all aged 5 to 15. What’s common for all of them is that they work in the street and live in extreme poverty. Also very few ever go to school.
Svratiste’s team of 13 social workers, psychologists and other experts have welcomed more than 1,400 children over the years. Money for the group’s operations comes from donations. Some people regularly bring in clothes and other aid. The group recently set up another center in a new part of town. Usually, the two centers are open every day. But both were sealed off because of restrictions when the COVID-19 pandemic(新型冠状病毒疫情)started in March. When Belgrade reopened in May, most of the children came back.
The Svratiste team has tried to help the children get to know their city by visiting playgrounds and theaters. An important effort has been to include them in the education system and make sure they stay. Bosko Markovic, now 18, first came to Svratiste five years ago. With the center’s help, he has finished high school and now wants to be a policeman. Therefore, Svratiste has made him a better person.
1. What can we learn about Svratiste?
A. It is a barber’s shop free for kids. B. It is a shelter for poor kids.
C. It is a street full of working kids. D. It is a restaurant designed for kids.
2. What is the second paragraph mainly about?
A. The kids Svratiste serves. B. The efforts Svratiste has made.
C. The way Svratiste serves its customers. D. The team members Svratiste is made up of.
3. Which of the following can refer to the words underlined in Para.3?
A. Changed. B. Decorated. C. Closed. D. Painted.
4. What can we infer from Bosko Markovic?
A. He has an impractical dream. B. He will reward Svratiste’s help.
C. He benefits a lot from Svratiste. D. He has been admitted to a college.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Svratiste——一个致力于帮助穷困儿童的援助中心。
1细节理解题。根据第一段“It is another busy day for Svratiste, which is Belgrade’s first center for children who live on the streets.”（ 对贝尔格莱德第一个流浪儿童中心Svratiste来说，这又是忙碌的一天）和后文描述“For years, the building has provided warmth and shelter for the city’s most ignored children.”（多年来，这座建筑为这座城市最被忽视的孩子们提供了温暖和庇护）可知，Svratiste是穷苦儿童的避难所。故选择B。
2主旨大意题。根据第二段第一句“Since opening in 2007, Svratiste has welcomed hundreds of children, some as young as five years old.”（ 自2007年开业以来，斯瓦拉提斯特已经接待了数百名儿童，其中一些只有5岁大）和后文围绕“hundreds of children”描述，用代词“They……The kids……for all of them……very few……”展开描述，可知本段主要介绍了Svratiste帮助的孩子们，故选择A。
3词义猜测题。根据第三段“Usually, the two centers are open every day. But……”(通常，这两个中心每天都开放。但……)以及“because of restrictions when the COVID-19 pandemic(新型冠状病毒疫情) started in March”(新型冠状病毒疫情在3月份开始了)可推知，由于新型冠状病毒的袭来，这两个中心不得不关闭。即划线词“sealed off”,意为“关闭”的意思，故选择C。
4推理判断题。根据最后一段“Bosko Markovic, now 18, first came to Svratiste five years ago. With the center’s help, he has finished high school and now wants to be a policeman. Therefore, Svratiste has made him a better person.”（博斯科·马尔科维奇今年18岁，5年前第一次来到弗拉提斯特。在该中心的帮助下，他完成了高中学业，现在想成为一名警察。因此，斯瓦拉提斯特使他成为一个更好的人）可知，Bosko Markovic在Svratiste中心的帮助下完成了高中学业，成为一个拥有梦想的、更好的人，所以可以推断出，Bosko Markovic从Svratiste中心受益很多。故选择C。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 选项。
Should We Create More National Parks to Save Endangered Animals?
Don’t you find it worrying that more and more species of animals are in real danger of becoming extinct? ___1___ And I think the best way to do this is for governments to create more national parks.
___2___ If this environment is destroyed — for example, when farmers clear a forest for new fields, or trees are cut down for making money — many animals are unable to survive, and more species are likely to become extinct.
In addition, national parks protect animals from the danger of being hunted. A major reason why many species are endangered is that the animals are killed by hunters. They hunt animals to make money.___3___
On the other hand, some people fight against the creation of national parks because they consider it wrong to interfere with nature. They believe that wild animals are happier living in their natural environment.___4___ They also point out that a few species are more likely to produce young animals in the wild than in national parks.
All in all, though, these disadvantages are far less important than the benefits of national parks.___5___ As a matter of fact, they protect animals from their greatest enemies, that is, human beings.
A. They say though the animals may face danger, they enjoy a free life.
B. Firstly, national parks protect the animals1 natural environment.
C. To begin with, animals are important to humans.
D. I personally believe that we must save these animals.
E. There is a heated discussion about whether to create more national parks.
F. These parks allow animals to live in a safe environment.
G. Some hunters even hunt animals simply for sport.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. G 4. A 5. F
【解析】本文作者建议建立更多的国家公园来保护濒临灭绝的野生动物，并阐述了理由。
1语义理解题。前一句Don’t you find it worrying that more and more species of animals are in real danger of becoming extinct?讲述越来越多的动物濒临灭绝，后一句And I think the best way to do this is for governments to create more national parks.说“我认为最好的办法是政府建更多的国家公园”，故空格处意思是“就自己而言，我相信我们必须拯救这些动物”，选D。
2语义理解题。由后文If this environment is destroyed — for example, when farmers clear a forest for new fields, or trees are cut down for making money — many animals are unable to survive, and more species are likely to become extinct.可知，要保护动物，首先要保护动物生活的自然环境，故选B。
3语义理解题。本段讲述国家公园可以避免动物被猎杀。接下来讲的是动物被猎杀的原因，G项是其中一个原因，故选G。
4语义理解题。由前文They believe that wild animals are happier living in their natural environment.可知，这里意思是他们说尽管这些动物可能会面临危险，但是它们喜欢一种自由的生活，选A。
5语义理解题。由All in all, though, these disadvantages are far less important than the benefits of national parks.和As a matter of fact, they protect animals from their greatest enemies, that is, human beings.可知，这里意思是这些公园使动物生活在一种安全的环境中，选F。
第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
People who are cheerful and relaxed are less likely to suffer from colds. It's ____1____ that being full of vim and vigor（精力充沛）helps the body ____2____ illnesses, say the researchers from Carnegie (CMU) in Pittsburgh.
“We need to take more seriously the possibility that a ____3____ emotional style is a fighter player in disease risk,” says psychologist Sheldon Gohen, the study's lead researcher.
In a previous study, Cohen and his colleagues found that people who ____4____ to be cheerful and lively were least likely to develop sniffles, coughs, and other cold symptoms(症状)。
Those findings were interesting, but they didn't prove that a person's ____5____ affects whether he or she gets sick. Instead, it was still possible that a person's underlying personality is what matters.
Evidence suggests, for example, that certain people are naturally more likely to be outgoing and ____6____, with high self-respect and a sense of ____7____ over life. This would mean that who we are, not how we feel, finally decides our____8____ of catching colds.
To figure out which mattered more (personality or emotion), the CMU team ____9____ 193 healthy adults. The researchers talked to each person over the phone every evening for 2 weeks. They told the researchers about the positive and negative ____10____they had experienced that day.
The results showed that everyone in the study was ____11____ likely to get infected. Their symptoms, however, ____12____ depending on the types of emotions that they had reported over the ____13____ two weeks.
Scientists ____14____ about whether negative emotions or positive emotions have a stronger ____15____ on how healthy we are. For now, it can't hurt to look on the bright side more often than not!
1. A. necessary B. possible C. doubtful D. certain
2. A. fight B. reduce C. stop D. remove
3. A. negative B. standard C. passive D. positive
4. A. failed B. managed C. tended D. had
5. A. thought B. attitude C. strength D. quality
6. A. active B. optimistic C. brave D. healthy
7. A. control B. humour C. direction D. urgency
8. A. attitude B. sufferings C. chances D. emotions
9. A. examined B. watched C. tested D. interviewed
10. A. characters B. feelings C. attitudes D. thoughts
11. A. equally B. less C. most D. hardly
12. A. occurred B. differed C. suffered D. reduced
13. A. same B. exact C. valuable D. previous
14. A. talk B. know C. argue D. think
15. A. effect B. feeling C. impression D. image
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. B 6. B 7. A 8. C 9. D 10. B 11. A 12. B 13. D 14. C 15. A
【解析】本文为说明文。文章说明了科学家认为积极的情绪类型能帮助我们减少患病风险。但结果显示，参与研究的每个人被感染的可能性是相等的。
1考查形容词词义辨析。句意：匹兹堡卡内基大学(CMU)的研究人员说，充满精力和活力可能有助于身体抵抗疾病。A. necessary必要的；B. possible可能的；C. doubtful可疑的；D. certain必然的。根据后文“say the researchers from Carnegie (CMU) in Pittsburgh.”可知，这是匹兹堡卡内基大学(CMU)的研究人员的可能性推测。故选B项。
2考查动词词义辨析。句意：匹兹堡卡内基大学(CMU)的研究人员说，充满活力和活力可能有助于身体抵抗疾病。A. fight与……竞争；B. reduce减少；C. stop停止；D. remove移开。根据句意以及“illnesses ”可知是与疾病作斗争。故选A项。
3考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们需要更加重视这样一种可能性:积极的情绪类型能帮助我们减少患病风险。A. negative消极的；B. standard标准的；C. passive被动的；D. positive积极的。根据后文“a fighter player in disease risk”可知积极的情绪可以成为疾病风险中的战斗者。故选D项。
4考查动词词义辨析。句意：在此前的一项研究中，科恩和他的同事们发现，性格开朗活泼的人最不容易出现流鼻涕、咳嗽等感冒症状。A. failed失败；B. managed管理；C. tended趋向，倾向；D. had有。根据后文“least likely to develop sniffles, coughs, and other cold symptoms”可知，性格倾向于活泼开朗的人最不容易出现流鼻涕、咳嗽等感冒症状。故选C项。
5考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些发现很有趣，但它们并没有证明一个人的态度会影响他或她是否生病。A. thought思想，想法；B. attitude态度；C. strength力量，力气；D. quality质量。根据上文“people who tended to be cheerful and lively were least likely to develop sniffles, coughs, and other cold symptoms.”可知，性格倾向于活泼开朗的人最不容易生病，也就是一个人的生活态度会影响他或她是否生病。故选B项。
6考查形容词词义辨析。句意：例如，有证据表明，某些人天生更可能是外向和乐观的，有高度的自尊和对生活的控制感。A. active积极的，活跃的；B. optimistic乐观的；C. brave勇敢的；D. healthy健康的。根据前文“outgoing and”可知，该空应填与“outgoing”意义并列，形容性格的词。故选B项。
7考查名词词义辨析。句意：例如，有证据表明，某些人天生更可能是外向和乐观的，有高度的自尊和对生活的掌控感。A. control控制，掌控；B. humour幽默；C. direction指导，方向；D. urgency紧急。根据前文“high self-respect”可推知，有高度自尊的人也有着对生活的掌控感。故选A项。
8考查名词词义辨析。句意：这意味着我们是谁，最终决定了我们患感冒的几率，而不是我们的感觉。A. attitude态度；B. sufferings苦难的经历；C. chances机会，几率；D. emotions情绪。根据句子“finally decides our 8 of catching colds.”语境可知，是我们自己本身决定了患感冒的几率。故选C项。
9考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了弄清楚性格和情感哪个更重要，CMU团队采访了193名健康成年人。A. examined检查；B. watched观察；C. tested考验； D. interviewed采访。根据后文“193 healthy adults”可知，CMU团队采访了193名健康成年人。故选D项。
10考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们告诉研究人员当天所经历的积极和消极的感受。A. characters性格；B. feelings感觉，感受；C. attitudes态度；D. thoughts想法。根据前文“To figure out which mattered more (personality or emotion)”可知，研究人员为了弄清楚性格和情感哪个更重要，于是他们采访研究对象当天经历的积极和消极的感受。“feelings”与“emotion”为情感方面的词。故选B项。
11考查副词词义辨析。句意：结果显示，参与研究的每个人被感染的可能性是相等的。A. equally相等地；B. less更少地；C. most最多；D. hardly几乎不。根据后文“Their symptoms, however, 12 depending on the types of emotions that they had reported over the 13 two weeks.”可推知，尽管研究对象的症状因情绪类型而不同，但是他们被感染的可能性是相等的。故选A项。
12考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，他们的症状因前两周报告的情绪类型不同而有所不同。A. occurred发生；B. differed使……不同；C. suffered遭受；D. reduced减少。根据后文“depending on the types of emotions that they had reported”可知，他们的报告的情绪类型是不同的。因此，他们的症状因情绪类型不同而有所不同。故选B项。
13考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，他们的症状因前两周报告的情绪类型不同而有所不同。A. same相同的；B. exact准确的；C. valuable有价值的；D. previous以前的。根据上文“The researchers talked to each person over the phone every evening for 2 weeks.”可知，研究人员每天晚上都和研究对象进行电话交谈，持续两周。因此，到研究结束为止，症状是前两周发生的。故选D项。
14考查动词词义辨析。句意：科学家们争论是否消极情绪或者积极情绪对我们的健康有更大的影响。A. talk谈论；B. know知道；C. argue争论；D. think想。根据前文 “Their symptoms, however, 12 depending on the types of emotions that they had reported over the 13 two weeks.”可知，研究结果显示研究对象的症状因前两周报告的情绪类型不同而有所不同，没有体现出积极情绪和消极情绪哪个对人们的健康影响更大。因此科学家对此进行争论。故选C项。
15考查名词词义辨析。句意：科学家们争论是否消极情绪或积极情绪对我们的健康有更大的影响。A. effect影响；B. feeling感觉；C. impression印象；D. image想象。根据全文以及句子“whether negative emotions or positive emotions have a stronger 15 on how healthy we are.”可知，科学家们争论是否消极情绪或积极情绪对我们的健康有更大的影响。故选A项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Do you want to learn a foreign language? Choose one of the most ___1___ (use) languages suggested below to learn.
In most countries all over the world, English is the most widely used second language. Whether a person is traveling to a foreign country or communicating ___2___ people from other ___3___ (country) for business purposes, English is one language which will come in handy at every step.
Spanish is the language of business in about twenty countries. There are many jobs in the United States as well as in many other countries, which specially ask for people ___4___ know how to speak and write Spanish.
The Chinese economy is booming! In the future, China ___5___ (become) the economic world leader, which makes ___6___ the perfect time to learn Mandarin Chinese, a language ___7___ (speak) by millions of people.
French ___8___ (recognize) as one of the top languages to learn, ___9___ (simple) because it is a chief language in northern and western Africa. Anyone trying to understand European history can benefit a lot from ___10___ (learn) this language.
【答案】1. useful 2. with 3. countries 4. who/that 5. will become 6. it 7. spoken
8. is recognized 9. simply 10. learning
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。作者为想要学习外语的人介绍并且推荐了几种语言。
1考查形容词。句意：选择下面建议的最有用的语言之一来学习。该空修饰名词 languages，应用形容词，故填useful。
2考查介词。句意：无论一个人是去外国旅游，还是出于商业目的，和其他国家的人交流，英语是迟早会派上用处的一门语言。communicate with sb.意为“与某人交流”，是固定搭配，故填with。
3考查名词的数。句意同上。country是可数名词，前面有other修饰，故用名词复数，所以填countries。
4考查定语从句关系词。句意：美国和许多其他国家都有许多工作岗位，特别需要会说西班牙语和写西班牙语的人。本句为定语从句修饰先行词people，且关系词在从句中作主语，指人，应用关系代词who或that。故填who/that。
5考查动词时态。句意：在未来，中国将成为世界经济的领导者，这使之成为学习汉语普通话的最佳时机，汉语普通话是数百万人使用的语言。根据时间状语 In the future可判断出设空处指发生在将来的事情，用一般将来时，故填will become。
6考查it作形式宾语。句意同上。make后面跟it作形式宾语，不定式to learn Mandarin Chinese是真正的宾语，故填it。
7考查非谓语动词。句意同上。分析句子结构可知speak在句中做非谓语动词，且a language与speak之间是被动关系，所以设空处用过去分词作定语，故填spoken。
8考查动词时态语态。句意：法语被认为是最好的语言之一，因为它是北非和西非的主要语言。分析时态可知，此处介绍的是一般事实，应用一般现在时，又因French和recognize之间是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态。主语为French，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填is recognized。
9考查副词。句意同上。该空修饰because引导的整个句子，用副词，故填simply。
10考查非谓语动词。句意：任何试图了解欧洲历史的人都能从学习这种语言中获益良多。from是一个介词，后面接-ing形式作宾语，故填learning。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
假定你是李华。上周日你校举办了拔河比赛活动，请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：
1. 参加人员；
2. 活动概况；
3. 活动意义。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为 80 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。
An Exciting Tug of War
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
An Exciting Tug of War
In order to inspire students to pay more attention to physical exercise, an exciting tug of war was held on our school playground last Sunday.
The activity, organized by Students’ Union, attracted all Senior One students. Twenty teams tried their best to win, with the rest cheering all the way. The activity lasted about two hours and drew to a successful close.
Through the activity, we benefited a lot mentally and physically. Not only did it enrich our school life, but let us further realize the importance of building up our body and working as a team.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生为校英文报写一篇报道，报道上周日学校举办的拔河比赛活动的相关情况。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般过去时。
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：
1. 参加人员；
2. 活动概况；
3. 活动意义。
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
As a sixth grader, I found it hard to fit in and make friends.
Our teacher had assigned (分派, 布置) “secret friends” for the coming week. She wrote each kid's name on a piece of paper and threw them into a glass; then we each closed our eyes and picked out one. By the middle of the week，everyone had turned this assignment into a competition to see whose secret friend could leave the best gift. It seemed that everyone was getting cool presents from their friend except me.
On the last morning of our assignment. I walked into my classroom and noticed a package with a box of powder (胭脂粉). The girls sitting near me laughed at the gift I had received. What's worse, the powder had already been opened.
I tried to forget about the embarrassing gift, but when I was in the bathroom during the break, the girls started speaking ill of my secret friend of giving it to me. I quickly joined in. “How terrible,” I heard myself saying “What could my friend be thinking by giving me such a stupid gift? My grandmother wouldn't even want it.” The girls laughed at my remarks (评论) and rushed out of the bathroom. I stayed to wash my hands and let water run through my fingers as I thought about what I had just said. It wasn't normal like me to say mean (刻薄的) things like that about someone.
Paragraph 1:
Then I saw my classmate Janet come out of a bathroom booth (厕所隔间) tears streaming down her face.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Along with my apologies, I explained the reason.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Paragraph 1:
Then I saw my classmate Janet come out of a bathroom booth(厕所隔间), tears streaming down her face. She shouted at me with anger, “If you don’t want my gift you can just leave it instead of laughing at it. This is the best powder from my mum! “Before I could say a word, Janet dashed out, leaving me dumb with deep regret. But soon I clenched my fingers and made up my mind to find Janet and say sorry to her. There she was, sitting in a tree shadow wiping her eyes.
Paragraph 2:
Along with my apologies, I explained the reason. I was not a mean girl by judging people’s presents. The reason why I complained in front of the girls was that I wanted to fit in, having a sense of belonging in the group. Hearing my sincere words, Janet calmed herself down after constant sobs and said, “True friendship comes from genuine care and love for each other. I think that’s our teacher’s intention of this ‘secret friend’ assignment”. That day, I learned to cherish real friendship.
【解析】
【分析】
本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了老师布置了“密友”的作业，所有同学都收到了很酷的礼物但作者没有，于是作者和其他同学一起在洗手间嘲笑那个糟糕的礼物，却被送礼物的同学听到。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“然后我看到我的同学珍妮特从厕所隔间里走出来，泪流满面。”可知，第一段可描写珍妮特听到作者对自己送的礼物嘲笑，并感到十分伤心。
②由第二段首句内容“我一边道歉，一边解释了原因。”可知，第二段可描写作者向珍妮特道歉的具体行为。
2.续写线索：生气——冲出去——后悔——道歉——解释——明白作业目的
3.词汇激活
行为类
① 嘲笑：make fun of/langht at
② 哑口无言： cats got one's tongue/at a loss for words
③ 冲出去：rush out/dash out
情绪类
① 生气：get angry/be burned up
② 后悔：in remorse/with regret
③ 抱怨：cry out/find fault with
附加题
一．单词拼写 （共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）
1. A professor at the Academy has proposed that a fund be e_________ to raise money.（根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】established
【解析】考查动词和被动语态。句意：该学院的一位教授提议建立一个基金来筹集资金。根据主语a fund和to raise money可知，此处应用动词“建立”，根据首字母e可知，此处应用动词establish。且此处主语a fund和动词establish构成被动关系。故填established。
2. If you swim in a river or lake, be sure to i_________(调查) what is below the water surface.（根据中英文提示填空）
【答案】investigate
【解析】考查动词。句意：如果你在河流或湖泊中游泳，一定要调查一下水面以下的情况。根据汉语提示和首字母i提示可知，investigate调查，动词，符合题意；be sure to do sth.一定做某事，固定搭配，所以空处需用动词原形。故填investigate。
3. How valuable you are is not m_________(衡量，估量) by how pretty you are on the outside. （根据中英文提示填空）
【答案】measured
【解析】考查被动语态。句意：你的价值不取决于你的外表有多漂亮。根据汉语提示和首字母m可知，,measure“衡量，估量”，动词，符合题意；由空后“by how pretty you are on the outside. ”可知，空处谓语动词需用一般现在时态的被动语态，所以空处需用过去分词measured。故填measured。
4. Only when we learn to exist in h_________ with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】harmony
【解析】考查名词。句意：只有当我们学会与自然和谐相处时，我们才能停止对野生动物和地球的威胁。介词in 后接名词harmony作宾语，构成固定搭配in harmony with sth.（与某物和谐相处）。故填harmony。
5. The group asked for c_________ from different departments and raised funds within the international community. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】contributions
【解析】考查名词的数。句意：该小组要求各部门捐款，并在国际社会内筹集资金。介词for 后用名词作宾语，名词contribution意为“捐款”是可数的，由from different departments可知，此处用其复数形式。故填contributions。
6. Though affected by gradual blindness, Henry was still capable of writing compositions and he found that creating music was a r_________ and cure for his disease. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】relief
【解析】考查名词的数。句意：尽管受到逐渐失明的影响，亨利仍然有写作的能力，他发现创作音乐是一种解脱和治愈疾病的方法。不定冠词a后接单数名词形式，用名词relief（解脱）表一种宽慰的感觉。故填relief。
7. Schools should be lively places where i_________(个体) are encouraged to develop to their greatest potential. （根据中英文提示填空）
【答案】individuals
【解析】考查名词的数。句意：学校应该是充满活力的地方，鼓励个人发挥他们的最大潜力。根据汉语提示“个体”，可知应填名词individual，作主语，结合后文are可知用复数。故填individuals。
8. The unemployment problem tends to be a city p_________. (现象) （根据中英文提示填空）
【答案】phenomenon
【解析】考查名词。句意：失业问题往往是一种城市现象。根据汉语和首字母p提示可知，phenomenon现象，名词，符合题意，不定冠词a后需接可数名词单数。故填phenomenon。
9. In art criticism, you must a_________(假定) the artist has a secret message hidden within the work. （根据中英文提示填空）
【答案】assume
【解析】考查动词。句意：在艺术批评中，你必须假设艺术家在作品中隐藏着一个秘密信息。情态动词must +动词原形，此处用动词assume的动词原形形式。故填assume。
10. The four countries belonging to the United Kingdom share the same currency and military d________.（根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】defense/defence
【解析】考查名词。句意：属于联合王国（英国）的四个国家拥有相同的货币和军事防御。形容词military后接名词defense/defence（防御），构成名词短语，和名词短语 the same currency 一样，作动词 share的宾语。故填defense/defence。
二．翻译句子（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据括号中的提示将下列句子翻译成英语。
1. 种树能防止土壤被冲走。(prevent; wash away)（汉译英）
____________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Planting / Growing / To plant / grow trees can prevent the soil (from) being washed away.
【解析】考查动词及动词短语。表示“种植”应用动词 plant / grow ；非谓语动词在句中充当主语应用动名词或者动词不定式的形式，表示“防止”短语为prevent...from doing...，表示“冲走”短语为wash away，句中soil和动词wash away是被动关系，用动名词的被动形式。故翻译为Planting / Growing / To plant / grow trees can prevent the soil (from) being washed away.
2. 你最好不要吃太多的肉以防发胖。(in case) （汉译英）
____________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】You’d better not eat too much meat in case you put on weight / gain weight / get / become fat.
【解析】考查短语、状语从句和时态。had better最好，后加动词原形；too much太多；put on weight / gain weight / get / become fat发胖。in case以防，引导目的状语从句。根据句意，用一般现在时。故翻译为You’d better not eat too much meat in case you put on weight / gain weight / get / become fat.
3. 无论年龄大小，任何人都可以加入这个俱乐部。(regardless) （汉译英）
____________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Anyone /Anybody can join the club / become a / the member of the club regardless of age / their ages.
【解析】考查介词短语。根据提示regardless以及汉意“无论”可知，此处可用regardless of短语；“任何人”可以用anyone/anybody表示；“可以”用情态动词can，后加动词原形；“加入俱乐部”可以用join the club/ become a / the member of the club表示。故而答案为Anyone /Anybody can join the club / become a / the member of the club regardless of age / their ages.
4. 我们到达车站，结果却发现火车已经离开了。(only to) （汉译英）
____________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】We got to / went to /arrived at / reached the station (,) only to find (that) the train had (already) left / was gone.
【解析】考查时态，动词，名词，短语。根据句意可知，此句描述的是过去发生的事情，且火车离开发生在到达车站之前，故主句使用一般过去时，从句使用过去完成时。表示“到达”用动词的一般过去式got to；表示“车站”用名词短语the station；表示出乎意料的“结果”用only to，后加动词原形；表示“发现”用动词find；表示“火车”用名词the train；表示“已经离开了”用过去完成时had left。故答案为We got to the station, only to find the train had left.
5. 他成功地把他的观点跟听众们讲清楚了。(get across) （汉译英）
____________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】He succeeded in getting / managed to get across his point / view / opinion to the audience.
He got across his point / view / opinion to the audience successfully.
【解析】考查动词，名词，短语，时态。根据句意“讲清楚了”可知，此句描述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。表示“成功做某事”用动词短语succeed in doing sth.。因为时态是一般过去时，故用succeeded in doing sth.；表示“向......表达清楚”用动词短语get across… to。因为此处需做动词succeeded的宾语，故用getting across… to；表示“他的观点”用his point；表示“观众”用名词短语the audience。故答案为He succeeded in getting across his point to the audience.
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