一轮复习之词义辨析专项训练

一轮复习之词义辨析专项训练

一、单选题

1、On the whole, his performance is satisfactory. ______, it’s the first time he has competed in international games.

A. Above all B. At all C. After all D. In all

2、I’m worried about the safety of the treatment.

A. 处理 B. 对待 C. 治疗 D. 治愈

3、Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, ______, have its own problem.

A. therefore B. however C. moreover D. otherwise

4、The silver band from his wristwatch (手表) left a green ring over his wrist.

A. 带子 B. 乐队 C. 范围 D. 波段

5、Truly elegant chopsticks might be made of gold and silver with Chinese characters.

A. 品质，性格 B. 特点 C. 人物角色 D. 文字

6、The teacher’s patience was ____ after the little boy’s constant noise.

A. at the end B. in an end C. in the end D. at an end

7、In that terrible earthquake, _____ who were killed was more than 20,000.

A. a number of people B. the number of people

C. many people  D. a great number of people

8、Many people are _______ the new policy.  

A. in favor of B. in honor of C. in search of D. in case of

9、________ the challenge, the engineers worked day and night, trying to find quick solutions.

A. In response to 

B. In addition to 

C. In exchange for 

D. In return for

10、Bob thought he couldn’t go to the party because he had to write a report, but he went ______.

A. at first                     B. after all                       C. above all                    D. at a loss

11、One of the few things you ________ say about British people with certainty is that they can talk a lot about the weather.

A. can B. must C. should D. need

12、A car is to gas as coffee maker is to: _________.

A. water B. coffee C. electricity D. warming plate  

13、My parents aren’t ______ me continuously surfing Internet, fearing that it is bad for my eyes.

A. in charge of  B. in favor of  C. in need of  D. in praise of

14、He didn't _______ his primary school classmate Wu Yue until she was introduced.

A. find B. know C. recognize   D. picked

二、翻译题

15、写出下列句子中claim的含义

1. He claimed to be American, but his accent gave him away. ___________

2. When my bike was stolen, I claimed on the insurance and got $150 back. ___________

3. COVID-19 has claimed thousands of lives. ___________

三、填空题

16、

1. eliminate v. 消除，清除→________ n. 消除；淘汰→________ n. 消除器；消除者

2. fierce adj. 恶劣的，凶猛的→________ adv. 猛烈地；厉害地

3. react v. 反应→________ n. 反应，感应

4. month n. 月→________ adj. 每月一次的

5. advance n. 发展；前进 v. 使……前进→________ adj. 高级的，先进的

6. terrify v. 恐吓；使恐怖；使害怕→________ adj.极其可怕的，骇人听闻的→________ adj. 非常害怕的；极度惊恐的

7. consist v. 由……组成→________ adj. 一致的；连续的

8. expose v. 使暴露（于险境）→________ n. 暴露，显露

四、选词填空

17、选词填空

1. I knew he was the policeman who had helped me carry the box__________I saw him.

2. The tennis player__________several tournaments due to injury.

3. __________of information is the necessary prerequisite to the scientific consideration of any subject.

4. The association was formed to__________of women artists.

5. The stack (一摞) of cash felt a little bit thinner so I decided to count the money__________, it was $100 less.

6. __________ his will was a letter he had written to his wife just days before his death.

7. Results of a survey reveal a generation of young people who get along well with their parents and__________the way they’re being raised.

8. The wide plain, with thousands of animals__________, was an awesome spectacle.

18、根据句意，选择单词或短语并以其适当形式填空。

1. My friend Bill is coming to see me  ________ his girlfriend.

2. He ________ a lot of sufferings during the two world wars.

3. The possibility that there is life on other planets in the universe has always ________ scientists ________(explore) the outer space.

4. The small village ________green mountains and clear rivers, attracting visitors from every corner.

5. It can also ________how much I exercise and what I eat.

6. Jack persuaded his friend ________that lawless group a month ago.

7. The house ________ my grandparents is under repair now.

8. What he said and did ________ his son.

9. His laziness makes it impossible for him ________.

10. All the students at school________the library.

19、选词填空

1. We _______________ the news that about 50 miners had died in the accident.

2. They _______________ the burning building. Please call 119 right away.

3. Ever since the earthquake, this place has been _______________.

4. Moved by what he said, she could hardly _______________.

5. Daniel  _______________ and dived into the water.

6. There are a number of different _______________ on this issue.

7. There are  _______________ pictures to choose from.

8. What do you think the teacher is _______________?

9. Mo Li Hua is a popular Chinese song which _______________ the 18th century.

10. The film which ___________ a true love story is very popular with young people.

参考答案

1、答案：C

解析：考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：总的来说，他的表现令人满意。毕竟这是他第一次参加国际比赛。A.Above all首先重要的是；B.At all（否定句）根本；C.After all毕竟；D.In all总计。根据句意可知，空处表示“毕竟”，用于提醒对方考虑到某一点，故选C。

2、答案：C

解析：考查名词。句意：我担心治疗的安全性。名词treatment为“治疗”之意。故选C。

3、答案：B

解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：研究显示，竞走和跑步一样有很多健身益处，而且很可能减少受伤。然而，它也有自己的问题。A. therefore因此；B. however然而；C. moreover此外；D. otherwise否则。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，应用however。故选B。

4、答案：A

解析：考查名词。句意：他的手表上的银表带在他的手腕上留下了一个绿色的圆形印迹。由“from his wristwatch (手表) left a green ring over his wrist”可知，句子表示“他的手表上的银表带在他的手腕上留下了一个绿色的圆形印迹”，划线词band的意思是“表带，带子”，故选A。

5、答案：D

解析：考查名词。句意：真正优雅的筷子可能是用金银做成的，上面还刻有汉字。分析句子可知，筷子上应是刻有汉字，其他选项不符合题意。故选D。

6、答案：D

解析：考查固定短辨析。句意：小男孩不停地吵闹之后，老师的耐心到了极点。根据句型分析和句意分析可知，in the end“最终”，当作状语来用，一般放在句首或句末；be at an end终结”，系表结构，表示一个状态。故选D项。

7、答案：B

解析：本题主要考查固定搭配。由题可知，横线处为句子主语，“who were killed” 作 people 定语。由题中“超过20000”可知，此处应指人的数量。a (large) number of 表示“很多…”，其后谓语为复数，排除A、D项；many people 指“很多人”，不合题意；只有 the number of 可表示“…的数量”。故正确答案为B。

8、答案：A

解析：A. in favor of支持；in honor of为了纪念…；in search of为了寻找…；in case of万一…；根据句意：许多人支持这个新政策。只有A选项符合题意。故选：A。

9、答案：A

解析：A.In response to对……的回应；B.In addition to除了……外； C.In exchange for作为……的交换；D.In return for作为……的报答。根据句意可知，此处指“为了对……”，用in response to，为介词短语作状语。故选：A。

10、答案：B

解析：考查介词短语.at first起初，当初；after all毕竟；终究；归根结底；above all首先，尤其重要的是；at random任意地，随便地，句意：鲍伯认为他不能去参加晚会，因为他不得不写报告，但他终究还是去了故选：B.

11、答案：A

解析：考查情态动词的用法。句意：关于英国人，你可以肯定的为数不多的事情之一就是他们可以谈论很多关于天气的话题。A.can可以，能够；B.must必须；C.should表示责任和义务；D.need需要。根据语境，表示“可以，能够”应用can，故选A.

12、答案：B
解析：coffee maker可不是做咖啡的人,它是咖啡壶的意思,car是需要gas才能开动的,而咖啡壶是需要coffee才能作出香甜可口的咖啡的,所以选coffee。

13、答案：C
解析：

14、答案：C
解析：fhnd发现,找到; know知道,了解; recognize承认,辨认出; picked挑选,捡。结合句意,直到有人介绍他的小学同学吴越,他才认出她来。故用recognize。故选:C。

15、答案：1.声称    2. 索取    3. 夺去（生命）

解析：1.考查动词。句意：他自称是美国人，但他的口音暴露了他的身份。句中claim表示“声称”。故填“声称”。
2.考查动词。句意：我的自行车被偷了，我向保险公司索赔，得到了150美元。句中claim表示“索取”，故填“索取”。
3.考查动词。句意：新冠肺炎夺去了数千人的生命。句中claim表示“夺去（生命）”，故填“夺去（生命）”。

16、答案：1.elimination     eliminator    2. fiercely    3. reaction   4. monthly    5. advanced    6.terrifying     terrified    7. consistent    8. exposure

解析：1. 考查名词。结合题干提示“eliminate v. 消除，清除”，可知“消除；淘汰”的名词是elimination，“消除器；消除者”的名词是eliminator，故填elimination，eliminator。

2. 考查副词。结合题干提示“fierce adj. 恶劣的，凶猛的”，可知“猛烈地；厉害地”的副词是fiercely，故填fiercely。

3. 考查名词。结合题干提示“react v. 反应”，可知“反应，感应”的名词是reaction，故填reaction。

4. 考查形容词。结合题干提示“month n.月”，可知“每月一次的”的形容词是monthly，故填monthly。

5. 考查形容词。结合题干提示“advance n.发展；前进 v. 使……前进”，可知“高级的，先进的”的形容词是advanced，故填advanced。

6. 考查形容词。结合题干提示“terrify v. 恐吓；使恐怖；使害怕”，可知“极其可怕的，骇人听闻的”的形容词是terrifying，“非常害怕的；极度惊恐的”的形容词是terrified，故填terrifying，terrified。

7. 考查形容词。结合题干提示“consist v. 由……组成”，可知“一致的；连续的”的形容词是consistent，故填consistent。

8. 考查名词。结合题干提示“expose v. 使暴露（于险境）”，可知“暴露，显露”的名词是exposure，故填exposure。

17、答案：1. the instant    2. withdrew from    3. Having a command    4. represent the interest    5. on the spot    6. Attached to    7. approve of    8. on the move

18、答案：1. in company with    2. went through    3.      inspired     to explore    4. is surrounded with    5. keep track of    6. to break away from    7. belonging to    8. had a great influence on    9. to achieve his goal    10. have access to

19、答案：1. were shocked at    2. are trapped in    3. in ruins    4. calm down    5. took a deep breath    6. points of view    7. a variety of    8. referring to    9. dates back to    10. is based on

解析：1. 考查固定短语，时态和主谓一致。句意：我们听到大约50名矿工在事故中丧生的消息，感到震惊。由“about 50 miners had died in the accident”可知，听到这个消息我们应该感到震惊，空格处意为“对……感到震惊”，是固定短语be shocked at，had died是过去完成时，我们听到消息是过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，主语We是复数，因此空格处是were shocked at。故填were shocked at。

2. 考查固定短语，时态和主谓一致。句意：他们被困在着火的大楼里。请马上打119。由“Please call 119 right away”可知，他们现在正被困在着火的大楼里，空格处意为“被困在……里面”，是固定短语be trapped in，时态用一般现在时，主语They是复数，因此空格处是are trapped in，故填are trapped in。

3. 考查固定短语。句意：自从地震以来，这个地方就成了一片废墟。由“Ever since the earthquake”可知，自从地震以来，这个地方就成了一片废墟，空格处是“成为废墟”，是固定短语in ruins，故填in ruins。

4. 考查固定短语。句意：被他的话感动了，她几乎无法平静下来。由“Moved by what he said”可知，句子表示“被他的话感动了，她几乎无法平静下来”，空格处意为“平静下来”，是固定短语calm down，could是情态动词，其后跟动词原形，故填calm down。

5. 考查固定短语和时态。句意：丹尼尔深吸了一口气，跳入水中。由“and dived into the water”可知，句子表示“丹尼尔深吸了一口气，跳入水中”，空格处意为“深吸一口气”，是固定短语take a deep breath，由“and dived”可知，句子时态用一般过去时，因此空格处用过去式，故填took a deep breath。

6. 考查固定短语和复数。句意：关于这个问题有许多不同的观点。由“on this issue”可知，句子表示“关于这个问题有许多不同的观点”，空格处是“观点”，是point of view，由“a number of different”可知，空格处用复数points of view。故填points of view。

7. 考查固定短语。句意：有各种各样的图片可供选择。由“pictures to choose from”可知，句子表示“有各种各样的图片可供选择”，空格处意为“各种各样的”，是固定短语a variety of，故填a variety of。

8. 考查固定短语和时态。句意：你认为老师指的是什么？由“What do you think the teacher is”可知，句子表示“你认为老师指的是什么”，空格处意为“指的是”，是固定短语refer to，由is可知，时态是现在进行时，因此空格处是referring to。故填referring to。

9. 考查固定短语，时态和主谓一致。句意：《茉莉花》是一首流行的中国歌曲，可以追溯到18世纪。由“the 18th century”可知，句子表示“《茉莉花》是一首流行的中国歌曲，可以追溯到18世纪”，空格处意为“追溯到”，是固定短语date back to，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，which指代先行词song，是单数，因此空格处动词用第三人称单数，故填dates back to。

10. 考查固定短语，时态和主谓一致。句意：这部根据真实爱情故事改编的电影很受年轻人的欢迎。由“The film”和“a true love story”可知，句子表示“这部根据真实爱情故事改编的电影很受年轻人的欢迎”，空格处意为“根据”，是固定短语be based on，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，which指代的是先行词film，是单数，因此空格处是is based on。故填is based on。