课时分层作业(十三)

Ⅰ.单词拼写

根据首字母或汉语提示完成句子。

1．As a famous saying goes，failure is the mother of success.

2．Plants can absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen．

3．It gave me a real thrill(激动)to see her again after so many years.

4．(2021·天津5月月考)As a shy person，working from home，hiding behind my computer was brilliant.But the more time I spent hidden away，the more my comfort zone(区域) shrank(缩小)．

5．They built a high wall along the border(边界)of the country to defend themselves.

6．(2021·天津南开中学月考)Further to our telephone conversation this morning，I'd like to confirm(确认) the details of the order.

7．Though I haven't met him for many years，I could recognise him immediately when I saw him in the crowd(人群)．

8．After repeated attempts(尝试) they finally succeeded in this experiment.

9．At this point you should be back to your initial(最初的) position and try again.

10．They seldom watched TV.Thus(因此)，they didn't know the result until we called.

Ⅱ.阅读理解

A

Hurricane Babette reached the northeastern United States today and caused death and destruction everywhere.The killer storm carried winds of 135 miles per hour.The high winds and heavy rains，together with the force of the Atlantic Ocean，created extremely dangerous waves.It is not yet known how many people died or were hurt in this storm，but it is said that the numbers will be very high.The damage to homes，business and crops will run into billions of dollars.Now that the storm is over，the long，slow rebuilding will begin.

With the arrival of the tornado season，the National Weather Service is again telling people how to protect themselves from these deadly storms.The winds from tornadoes are the most violent winds on earth.They can blow up to 400 miles per hour.A tornado looks like a funnel(漏斗)．It is also very loud.It may sound like a train coming at you.In fact，the winds from a tornado can pick up a train and throw it around.If a tornado is seen in your area，it is very important that you protect yourself.A basement (地下室) is the safest place to go.Try to wait under a table in the basement.If your building does not have a basement，stay on the ground floor but lie flat under a bed or table.Stay away from windows.If you are outside or in your car，try to find a narrow place to lie down in.

As the area tries to deal with the worst flood of the century，there are many heartwarming stories of people helping other people.From all over the world people have sent food and clothes to help the thousands who have had to leave their homes.Many volunteers have come to help to make sandbags and use them to build walls against the overflowing river.While the result of this disaster will be terrible for many，it is beautiful to see people coming together to help others and save lives，and property (财产)．

【语篇解读】　本文讲述了自然灾害带给人们的灾难及在这些灾难中人们如何自救。

1．What are the three short paragraphs about?

A．Newspaper articles about the weather.

B．Bad weather forecasts in newspapers.

C．Introduction to climate in different places.

D．Popular science on climate.

A　[主旨大意题。第一段讲述飓风造成的损失，第二段讲述龙卷风中人们如何自救，第三段讲述了在这些灾难中人们的表现。故应该是报纸上一篇关于天气的文章。]

2．According to the passage，a person who sees a tornado in his area，had better NOT         ．

A．stay on the ground floor but lie down under a bed

B．go to the basement and wait under a table

C．find a deep narrow place to lie down in

D．drive his car away as fast as possible

D　[细节理解题。由第二段最后一句“or in your car，try to find a narrow place to lie down in”可知应该停车而不是快速行驶。]

3．We can learn from the passage that         ．

A．Hurricane Babette damaged the northwestern coast of US

B．when there's flooding，sandbags can be made and used to build wall

C．the National Weather Service often takes measures to protect the local people

D．people are often reminded of how to protect themselves from snowstorm

B　[细节理解题。由第三段“make sandbags and use them to build walls against the overflowing river”可知沙袋可以筑成墙抗洪。]

B

(2021·河南、湖南两省联考)Five years ago, I took a career risk by leaving my job to work on a ship. My medical friends did their best to persuade me, saying that running away to sea would ruin my career. But after these years working as a doctor, I am glad I had taken the risk.

Hungry for adventures, I boarded a ship in Singapore with 2，000 passengers and crew. To my relief, the hospital on board was well equipped, with an X­ray machine. That first voyage was a learning experience with a tight schedule full of safety drills. There was so much new information to take in.Even remembering which uniform to wear each day was a challenge.Most confusing, I often forgot to set my clock when the ship crossed time zones.

As a doctor，I was responsible for 600 crew, and I was on call for the entire ship. Far from treating seasickness and sunburn, I had to deal with other diseases, for my patients were wide and varied. The ship's medical center was actually a floating emergency room, and we didn't have a team of specialists on hand for a second opinion.With long and unpredictable hours, it required mental toughness.

As you can guess, many of the passengers were elderly，heart attacks didn't care about geography and emergency evacuating(疏散) was difficult to arrange. I recall one such patient, who was taken off the ship halfway through the Panama Canal. After a terrifying ride in an old ambulance, I was relieved that the patient survived long enough to arrive at the hospital in Panama City.

Thankfully, there were several unexpected benefits of the job. I regularly enjoyed the passenger facilities and I even hosted dinners for passengers in the evenings. On rare days off，I volunteered as a tour guide on trips ashore. I got to fly over Alaska in a seaplane and watched a ballet in St. Petersburg.

Now, I understand being a ship doctor is not a job—it's a way of life.One year at sea became two.I lost my career ambitions, but I redefined happiness in my life.

【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者冒险辞去工作，到一艘船上做一名医生，并由此对幸福有了全新的理解。

4．How did the writer feel working on the ship?

A．Regretful.　　　　　 B．Satisfied.

C．Scared.  D．Nervous.

B　[细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，作者在这艘船上当了多年医生之后，很庆幸自己冒了这样的险，由此推断作者对这段工作经历感到满意。]

5．What was the writer's most difficult thing on the ship?

A．Wearing the same uniform each day.

B．Absorbing plenty of new information.

C．Having a tight timetable full of safety drills.

D．Forgetting to adjust time according to time zones.

D　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Most confusing...time zones.”可知，最让作者困惑的是，作者总是忘记根据时区调整自己时钟的时间。故选D。]

6．What happened to the patient taken off the ship halfway through the Panama Canal?

A．The patient suffered from an unknown disease.

B．The patient was taken to a safe place immediately.

C．The patient got treatment in the hospital.

D．The patient died on the way to the nearest hospital.

C　[推理判断题。根据第四段中的“I was relieved that...the hospital in Panama City”可知，这个病人最终到达了医院接受治疗。故选C。]

7．What did the writer acquire from his experience?

A．He had a new understanding of happiness.

B．He could enjoy the passenger facilities.

C．He was content to be a tour guide.

D．He gave up the dream of being a doctor.

A　[推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知，作者理解了在船上当医生不是职业而是一种生活方式，并重新定义了什么是自己人生中的幸福，故选A。作者的感悟就是他对幸福的含义有了全新的理解。]

Ⅲ.阅读七选五

(2021·江苏南通高一期末)Perseverance(坚持不懈) isn't easy. But before you blame your lack of willpower, consider this: Building mental (精神的) strength is similar to building physical strength. In just a few minutes each day, you can train your brain to think differently，manage your emotions, and behave productively.  1 

Make gratitude(感恩) a habit by thinking about three things you are grateful (感激的) for in your life. It could be as simple as the clean water that you drink.  2   Write in a gratitude journal，list the things you feel grateful for over dinner, or make it a habit to find what you're thankful for before you go to bed. Over time，being grateful becomes a second nature.

It's impossible to stay strong when you're thinking about something that happened last week or horrible things going to happen tomorrow.  3   So it's important to be able to focus on the here and now. With regular practice, you'll increase ability to focus.

It can be tempting(引诱人的) to wait until you feel different to make a change. But waiting until you feel good about yourself before you take action could backfire. Instead, when you change your behavior, your thoughts and your emotions will follow. So when you're sad, put your shoulders back and smile, and you'll feel better.  4 

Every day is a chance to develop some mental strength.Simple, short exercises performed over time will help you build mental strength.  5   Feeling sorry for yourself and giving up after your first failure are just a few of the bad habits that could discourage you from building your mental strength.

A．Mental strength is closely related to physical strength.

B．With regular exercises, you'll build your mental strength.

C．The only time you can change your behavior is right now.

D．Don't expect feelings of confidence to come out of nowhere.

E．You can physically change your brain by making gratitude a habit.

F．Therefore, you can stay away from some bad habits by regular training.

G．Besides, pay attention to the bad habits that keep you out of mental strength.

【语篇解读】　本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何锻炼自己的毅力。

1．B　[上文提示“每天只需几分钟，你就可以训练你的大脑以不同的方式思考，管理你的情绪，并富有成效地行动。”B项承接上文，切题。故选B。]

2．E　[下文提示“写一篇感恩日记，在晚餐时列出你感到感恩的事情，或者养成一个在睡觉前找到你要感恩的事情的习惯。”E项引出下文，切题。故选E。]

3．C　[上文提示“当你想到上周发生的事情或者明天将会发生的可怕的事情时，你不可能保持坚强。”下文提示“所以能够专注于此时此地是很重要的。”C项承上启下，切题。故选C。]

4．D　[上文提示“所以当你难过的时候，昂首挺胸，微笑一下，你会感觉更好。”D项承接上文，切题。故选D。]

5．G　[下文列举了几个阻碍锻炼毅力的坏习惯，G项引出下文，切题。故选G。]