高考英语二轮复习语法专练专题五时态语态和主谓一致基础巩固 (含解析)

专题五　时态、语态和主谓一致

基础巩固

Ⅰ.单句填空

1.(2017课标全国Ⅲ)My dad thinks I should take the offer now; but at the moment, school 　　　 (come) first. 

2.(2017课标全国Ⅲ)Sarah 　　　 (tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year.  

3.(2016课标全国卷Ⅰ)So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research; I 　　　(allow)to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. 

4.(2016课标全国卷Ⅲ)Truly elegant chopsticks might 　　　 (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters. 

5.(2016四川卷)The giant panda 　　　 (love) by people throughout the world. 

6.(2016四川卷)Then, after two and a half years, the mother 　　　 (drive) the young panda away. 

7.(2015课标全国卷Ⅰ)Yangshuo 　　　 (be) really beautiful; a study of travellers conducted by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.  

8.(2015课标全国卷Ⅰ)It was raining lightly when I 　　　 (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. 

9.(2015课标全国卷Ⅱ)This cycle 　　　(go)day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消)for the outside temperatures. 

10.—Did you have difficulty finding Ann’s house?

—Not really.She　　　 (give) us clear directions and we were able to find it easily. 

11.(2015广东卷)He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby for other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what 　　　 (leave). 

12.—　　　 (do)you call that company to see how they think of our product yesterday? 

—Yes. They are happy with it.

13.They made up their mind that they 　　　 (buy) a new house once Larry changed jobs.  

14.Unless some extra money　　　(find),the theatre will close. 

15.Walmart, which is one of the largest American supermarket chains, 　　　 (keep) some of its store open 24 hours on Mondays through Saturdays.  

16.On the top of the buoy 　　　(place)a bell, which would ring whenever any ship got closer. 

17.In recent years, the commercial pressure from supermarket chains 　　　 (force) village shops across the country to close.  

18.Jack 　　　(work)in the lab when the power cut occurred.  

19.Every possible means 　　　 (use) to prevent the air pollution so far, but the sky is still not clear.　　 

20.In the last few years,China　　　 (make) great achievements in environmental protection. 

21.John as well as the other children who have no parents 　　　 (take) good care of in the village now. 

22.The results of the final examination 　　　(make)known to the students soon. 

23.Some office equipment, including two desks and two computers, 　　　 (sell) a few minutes ago.  

24.The Smiths 　　　 (have) their breakfast when The Morning Post came.  

25.　　　 (be) either he or I to attend the meeting tomorrow evening? 

Ⅱ.单句改错

1.(2017课标全国Ⅰ)Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor’s orders, but once I started the car, my mind goes blank.

2.(2017课标全国Ⅱ)Besides, they often get some useful information from the Internet; when summer came, they will invite their students to pick the fresh vegetables!

3.(2017课标全国Ⅲ)About one month after this photo was taken, I entered my second year of high school and become a new member of the school music club.

4.(2016课标全国卷Ⅰ)Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables and high quality oil are using for cooking.

5.(2016全国卷Ⅱ)I thought that it is a good idea; it does not cost much yet we can still learn a lot.

6.The early morning barking have been disturbing us as we are often up all night with the baby;besides, Cleo tends to bark an average of six hours a day.

7.(2017河南毕业班适应性考试) The incident had happened on my way to a bookstore on a rainy Sunday afternoon.

8.(2017江西九江十校二联) One day my mother persuading me to live at school to learn to be independent, preparing for the future life.

9. (2017山东菏泽一模) In a word, every student should had breakfast regularly.

10.She told me she slips and fell due to a heart attack.

11.Last Sunday my parents were away on business.I left alone,with no one to cook for me.

12.All but Johnson was present at the meeting yesterday afternoon.

13.A poet and artist are coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow afternoon.

14.We are confident that the environment would be improved by our further efforts to reduce pollution.

15.He have learned English for eight years by the time he graduates from university next year.

16.In the past few years thousands of films have produced all over the world.

17.It is reported that many a new house are being built at present in a disaster area.

18.This is the only one of the oldest customs that have been kept up in this district up to now.

19.This is the first time that we had seen a film in the cinema together as a family.

答案精解精析

Ⅰ.1.comes　根据时间状语at the moment和语境可知,空格处应用一般现在时态,故空格处填comes。

2.was told　句意:有人告诉萨拉,她能够成为英国新的超级名模,明年就能赚100万美元。根据空后could 和语境可知,此处为过去发生的动作,主语Sarah与tell之间为被动关系,故用一般过去时的被动语态形式。

3.was allowed　主语是动作的承受者,且空格处是过去发生的动作,故空格处用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was allowed。

4.be made　主语是动作的承受者,因此空格处应用被动语态形式。故空格处填be made。

5.is loved　题干描述的是客观事实,主语是动作的承受者,故空格处应用一般现在时的被动语态。

6.drove　空格处作谓语,表示过去发生的动作,故用一般过去时,空格处填drove。

7.is　根据题干的语境可知,空格处描述的是现在的客观事实,故空格处应使用一般现在时态。

8.arrived　分析题干可知,空格处在从句中作谓语,且表示过去发生的动作,故用一般过去时态。

9.goes　根据空后的时态和语境可知,空格处应用一般现在时。故空格处填goes。

10.had given　句意:——你们找到Ann的家有困难吗?——不难找。她已经给了我们清晰的方位,我们能很容易找到。本题考查动词时态。动词give 的动作发生在“were able to find”之前,符合过去完成时表示“过去的过去”的用法。

11.was left　what与空格处之间是被动关系,结合空前的时态和语境可知,空格处应用一般过去时的被动语态。故空格处填was left。

12.Did　句意:——你昨天给那家公司打电话了解他们对我们的产品的看法了吗?——打了,他们很满意。根据时间状语yesterday可知,谓语动词要用一般过去时,所以要用助动词do的过去式did。

13.would buy　句意:他们决定,一旦Larry换了工作,他们就买一个新房子。空格处的动作是过去将要发生的动作,故用过去将来时,空格处填would buy。

14.is found　句意:除非找到一些额外资金,否则这家剧院就得关门。由主句中的will可知unless引导的从句应用一般现在时态表将来,且money和find之间是被动关系,故答案为is found。

15.keeps　空格处为主句的谓语动词,主语是Walmart,which引导的是非限制性定语从句,空格处的单复数形式与主语Walmart保持一致;结合空前的is和语境可知,空格处描述的是客观事实,应用一般现在时。故空格处填keeps。

16.was placed　分析题干可知,逗号前使用了倒装语序,在倒装句中,谓语动词的单复数应与主语保持一致;其正常语序为“a bell 　　　 (place)on the top of the buoy”,主语是动作的承受者,而空格处是过去发生的动作,故用一般过去时的被动语态。故空格处填was placed。 

17.has forced　根据句首的标志性状语“In recent years”及句子的语境可知,空格处应使用现在完成时态,而句子的主语the commercial pressure是单数形式,故填has forced。

18.was working　句意:杰克正在实验室工作这时停电了。本题考查“sb. be doing...when...”句型。根据题干中的occurred(一般过去时),可知设空处用过去进行时。

19.has been used　主语是动作的承受者,结合状语so far和语境可知,空格处应用现在完成时的被动语态;根据主语的修饰语every可知,means表示的是单数含义,因此空格处应用单数形式。故空格处填has been used。

20.has made　句意:在过去的几年里,中国在环境保护方面已经取得了巨大的成就。本题考查动词的时态。根据句中时间状语In the last few years可知用现在完成时。

21.is being taken　主语是动作的承受者,结合句尾的时间状语和语境可知,空格处应用现在进行时的被动语态,而空格处作为谓语动词应与主语John一致,而与“as well as the other children”无关。故填is being taken。

22.will be made　句意:期末考试结果不久就会被公布给学生。主语与谓语动词之间为被动关系,故设空处需用被动语态;又根据时间状语soon可判断设空处应该用一般将来时,故答案为will be made。

23.was sold　主语是动作的承受者,结合句尾的时间状语可知,空格处应用一般过去时的被动语态;Some office equipment作主语,谓语动词应用单数形式。故空格处填was sold。

24.were having　根据句式“sb. be doing...when...”及空后的时态可知,空格处应用过去进行时;而“the+姓氏复数”表示“一家人”,为复数概念。故空格处填were having。

25.Is　either...or...连接并列主语时,谓语动词采取就近原则,因此空格处的单复数形式与he保持一致,结合时间状语可知,is符合题意(be to do是将来时的一种表达)。

Ⅱ.1.goes→went　题干描述的是过去发生的事情,故goes应改为went。

2.came→comes　在时间状语从句中,用一般现在时表示将来。根据语境和谓语动词的时态可知,came应改为comes。

3.become→became　根据and之前的时态和语境可知,become应改为过去式。

4.using→used　从句主语“fresh vegetables and high quality oil”是动作的承受者,故谓语动词应用被动语态形式,using应改为used。

5.thought→think　根据语境和题干的时态可知,应使用一般现在时,故thought应改为think。

6.have→has　The early morning barking作主语,谓语动词应用单数形式,故句中的have应改为has。

7.去掉had　句意:事情发生在一个下着雨的周日下午我去一家书店的路上。根据时间状语“on a rainy Sunday afternoon”可知本句谓语动词应该用一般过去时而非过去完成时,故将had删除。

8.persuading→persuaded　句意:一天,我母亲说服我住校以便学会独立,为未来生活做准备。本句中缺少谓语动词,根据时间状语One day可知本句谓语动词应该用一般过去时,故将persuading改为persuaded。

9.had→have　句意:总之,每个学生都应该按时吃早饭。情态动词后需加动词原形,故将had改为have。

10.slips→slipped　句意:她告诉我,由于心脏病她滑倒了。根据told,fell可知需将slips改为slipped。

11.left→was left　句意:上周日我父母因公出差了。我被独自留下来,没人给我做饭。I与leave为被动关系,故需用被动语态;根据上下文可知动作发生在过去,故用一般过去时的被动语态。

12.was→were　根据时间状语可知,应用一般过去时,而主语all指的是人,谓语动词应用复数形式,故was改为were。

13.are→is　主语指的是诗人兼画家,故谓语动词应用单数形式,are应改为is。

14.would→will　根据语境可知,that之后的从句应用一般将来时态,故would改为will。

15.在have之前加will　根据“by the time...”和语境可知,主句的谓语动词是将来某时之前将要完成的动作,故用将来完成时态,have之前加will。

16.在produced之前加been　主语thousands of films是动作的承受者,故该句应用现在完成时的被动语态,故produced之前加been。

17.are→is　“many a+单数名词”作主语时,谓语动词应用单数形式,故are改为is。

18.have→has　that引导的定语从句的谓语动词应与先行词“the only one”保持一致,故have改为has。

19.is→was或had→have　在句式“It/This is the+序数词+time+that+其他”中,that之后的句子应用现在完成时,is改为was时,that之后用过去完成时态。