【备战2023高考】英语考点全复习——考点26 there be句型和情景交际（精讲练）（全国通用）

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考点26 there be句型&it 的用法&情景交际（精讲练）
there be句型
一、不同时态的There be 结构
　　1. There will be thousands of football fans in London next month.
　　(一般将来时)下个月伦敦将有成千上万的球迷。
　　2. There is going to be a film in our school this weekend.
　　(一般将来时)我们学校这个周末有一场电影。
　　3. There is to be a concert at the Albert Hall tonight. It is to be broadcast live.
　　(一般将来时)今晚在阿尔伯特会堂举行音乐会，将要进行实况转播。
　　4. There have been a lot of accidents round here.
　　(现在完成时)这里出过许多事故。
　　5. There has been some awful weather lately, hasn’t there?
　　(现在完成时)最近天气有时很糟糕，不是吗?
　　6. He told me that there had been an argument between them.
　　(过去完成时)他告诉我他们之间有过一场辩论。
　　7. There will have been a definite result before Friday.
　　(将来完成时)星期五以前将肯定会有结果。
　二、含有情态动词的There be 结构
　　1. There would be fewer accidents if drivers took care.司机如果小心开车就会少出事故。
　　2. He felt that there must be something wrong with the car.他当时感觉车肯定出毛病了。
　　3. There may quite well be another demonstration tonight.今晚也许又有一场示威。
　　4. Why do there have to be poor people like those?为什么有像那样的一些穷人呢?
　　5. There used to be a cinema here before the war.战前这儿有家电影院。
　　6. There must have been a rain last night, for the ground is wet. 昨晚肯定下雨了，因为地面湿着呢。
三、There be 结构经常和appear, seem, need, chance, happen, prove 等动词搭配
　　1. There appears to be little enthusiasm for your idea.
　　人们好像对你的想法不大热心。
　　2. There seems to be something wrong with this computer.
　　这台电脑好像出毛病了。
　　3. There doesn’t seem to have been any difficulty over the money question. 好像没有钱的困难。
　　4. There appear to have been some nasty accidents.
　　似乎已发生了几起严重事故。
　　5. There needs to be a system set up to judge the quality of the English language training.
　　需要建立一套系统来评判英语培训的质量。
四、There be 结构也和be sure, be supposed, be said, be known 等短语搭配
　　1. There is sure to be a place where we can find a restaurant.
　　肯定有我们能找到饭店的地方。
　　2. There are supposed to be wild animals in the hills.
　　这山里应该有野生动物。
　　3. There is said to be a secret tunnel beneath the building.
　　据说这幢大楼下面有一条秘密通道。
　　4. There are known to be thousands of snakes on the island.
据了解，那座岛上有成千上万条蛇。
五、There be 结构的非谓语动词形式
There be句型也可以以不定式（there to be）、动名词（there being）和现在分词（there being）的形式出现在句子中，在句中作主语、宾语或状语。
　　1. I expect there to be no argument about this.
　　(不定式短语作动词expect的宾语)我期望关于这件事不要争了。
　　2. I should prefer there to be no discussion of my private affairs.(不定式短语作动词prefer的宾语)我宁愿不要讨论我的私事。
　　3. I don’t want there to be any doubt about this. (不定式短语作动词want的宾语)我不希望对此有任何怀疑。
　　4. Would you like there to be a meeting to discuss the problem?
　　(不定式短语作动词like的宾语)你想要开会讨论这个问题吗?
　　5. If you don’t mind there being so much noise around, you are quite welcome to stay.
　　(动名词短语作动词mind的宾语)你如果不介意周围这么大噪音的话，欢迎你留下。
　　6. What’s the chance of there being an election this year?
　　(动名词短语作介词of 的宾语)今年举行选举的可能性有多大?
　　7. There being nothing else to do, we went home.
　　(现在分词短语作原因状语)因为没事其他事可做，我们就回家了。
8. They closed the door, there being no customers.
　　(现在分词短语作原因状语) 他们的店关门了，因为没有顾客。
六、There be结构中的be用其他动词来代替
为了表达生动，在正式文体或文学作品中，可用表示状态、发生、位置转移等意义的其他动词来代替动词be。常这样用的动词有：live，lie，stand，remain，exist，occur，arise，rise，follow，come，enter，reach等。
There exist many ancient temples of this kind on the shores of the Mediterranean. 在地中海沿岸地带，有许多这样的古庙。
Not long after this, there rose a sudden revolution. 此后不久，突然爆发了一场革命。
Suddenly there entered a strange figure dressed all in black. 突然进来一个穿着一身黑的陌生人。
　　There goes the bus.公交车来了。
　　On the hill (there) stands a house.山上有个房子。
 七．There be句型需要掌握的重点句型 
1.There is no doubt/question that- 毫无疑问…… 
There is no question of doing sth. :①……是毫无疑问的②……是不可能的。 
There is no question that it is true. 
  There is no doubt that they can get the machine working very soon. 
2. There is no + doing：不可能……；无法……；没有办法……
 There is no joking about it.这事开不得玩笑。 
There is no telling what will happen.无法预料会发生什么。 
There is no holding back the wheel of history.历史车轮不可阻挡。 
3. There is no + 名词+ in doing : …是没有意义的/无用的
 There is no point in doing sth. ……是没有意义的 
There is no sense in doing sth. ……没有理由/没有好处； 
There is no use/good in doing sth…没有好处
There is no harm in doing sth…没有害处 
 There is no point in arguing with him further.进一步和他争论是没有意义的。 
 here is no harm in doing sth.=it does no harm (for sb.) to do sth.

【2019·新课标II卷·短文改错】 I reconsidered my goal and decided to be a doctor. They were two reasons for the decision.

it的用法

考向一 it作人称代词
1.用来指代前文中提到的东西。既可指代具体的东西，也可指代一种情况。请看下面的例子
1）I hear you bought a new bike, can you show it to me？
2）If I can stop her coming to you, I shall do it.
3）—I want to stay here for a night.
—Your wife won’t like it[来源:学,科,网]
此时要注意与其他代词如that, one, those, this, another等的区别：
1.I hear you bought a new bike, I want to buy _______ , too.此处应填one，因为这里我并不是要买你的车，而是一辆新车，one ＝a new bike。
2.I have bought a new bike, but I still want to buy _______ .此处应填another。我已有了一辆，再买另一辆。another ＝another new bike。
3.We see him when we come to town, but _______ isn’t often.此处填that或it均可。指代前面我们去城里时可以看到他这一情况。
4.My seat is next to _______ of the headmaster.此处应填that，用来代替名词seat，that＝the seat。
5.The bikes made this year are better than _______ made last years.此处应填those或the ones。代替前文的bikes，因其是复数概念，故用those或the ones，those ／the ones＝the bikes。
2.也可以指动物
Is this your dog？No, it isn’t.
3用来指代人。
说明某人的身份或者做某事的人；指代婴儿或儿童；在不清楚某人性别时，也可使用 it，尤其在问答的形式中更为常见。例如： 
—Who is it? —It’s me.
Who is it there? It’s I (me/you/he....).
I thought it was Mary, but it was not she.
Her face lighted when she saw who it was.

1.—Who’s that at the door?
—__________ is the milkman.
A. He B. It C. This D. That
2.If I can help_______, I don’t like working late into the night.
A. so              B. that           C. it               D. them

考向二 非人称代词it
it有时并不指具体的东西，而泛指天气、时间、日期、距离、价值、度量、温度、环境等，称为非人称的it：
1.指天气：
It is a lovely day, isn’t  it?
It is a bit windy.
2.指时间: It was nearly midnight when she came back.
3.指环境: It was very quiet in  the  café.
4.指距离：It is half an hour’s  walk  to the city centre.
5指日期：
What’s the date today? It’s the eleventh, October.
6指季节：It is summer now.
7指度量：It is about 20 pound/kg
8.指价值：
--- What’s the cost of the dictionary?
---It is sixty-three.
9指温度It’s 35 centigrade now. So I feel hot.

1. —Have you heard about Huawei P30?   
—Sure. It is very hot these days. I’m thinking about getting ________.
A．one B．them C．that D．it
2. —He got his first book published. It turned out to be a bestseller.
—When was _____?
—_____ was in 2000 when he was still in college.
A. that; This B. this; It C. it; This D. that; It

考向二 作形式主语，替代不定式、ing形式或主语从句
（一） 作形式主语替代主语从句
1.①It is clear ( obvious， true， possible， certain....) that ...该句型中it 是形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的主语从句，常译为＂清楚（显然，真的，肯定……）＂　是主语从句最常见的一种结构。
  It is very clear that he’s round and tall like a tree. = That  he’s round and tall like a tree is very clear.
② It is important ( necessary， right， strange， natural...) that ... 该句型和上一个同属一个句型；由于主句中的形容词不同，that 后的从句中要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可以省去，建议记住该句型中的形容词。
  It is important that we (should) learn English well. 　　
  It is necessary that he (should) remember these words.
2.① It is said (reported/ learned/believed/thought/known/told/hoped.....) that ... 该句型中的it 仍是形式主语，真正主语是that 引导的主语从句；该结构常译为＂据说（据报道，据悉……）＂。 　　
  It is said that he has come to Beijing. 　　
  It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit.
该句型常可以转换成含有宾语从句的复合句或者含有不定式作主补的简单句。例如：
It’s said that Tom has come back from abroad.→People say that Tom has come back from abroad.→He is said to have come back from abroad.
① It is suggested ( ordered /demanded/insisted/commanded... ) that ... 该句型和上一个同属一个句型，主句中的过去分词是表示请求，建议，命令等词时，that　后的从句要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可以省；常译为＂据建议；有命令…….） 　
It is suggested that the meeting ( should ) be put off. 　
It was ordered that we ( should ) arrive there in two hours.
3.It is a pity ( a shame /an honour/a good thing/a fact,/a surprise/... ) that ... 该句型中，that后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should可省去.表示出乎意料，常译为＂竟然＂。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。
It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class. 这种事竟然发生在你们班上，真是遗憾！ 　
It is a pity that he is ill. 他生病了，真遗憾！
4. It happens (seems， looks， appears ) that... 该句型中it是形式主语，that 引导的是主语从句，主句中的happen ， seem等词是不及物动词。
It happened ( so happened ) that he met his teacher in the street. 碰巧……
It seems that he enjoys pop songs very much.看来他非常喜欢流行歌曲。
该句型可转换成含不定式的简单句。如上述两句可分别转换为：
He happened to meet his teacher in the street.
He seems to enjoy pop songs very much.
5.it代替连接代词或连接副词引导的从句作形式主语
（1）It is known（not decided，not made clear，found out，discussed，being discussed，being considered，a question，uncertain等）＋连接代词或连接副词引导的从句。
It is still a question when we shall have our sports meet.
我们将什么时候举行运动会还是一个问题。
It is uncertain whether he can attend this conference or not.
他能否来开会还不能确定。
（2）It doesn’t matter（It’s no wonder；It doesn’t make too much difference等）＋连接代词或连接副词引导的从句。
It doesn’t matter whether we go together or separately.我们一起去还是分开去都可以。
It is no wonder why he came here too late.他为什么来这么晚不足为怪
(二)作形式主语替代不定式。常见的句型有：　　
1. ①. It is kind ( of sb. ) to do sth. 该句型中的不定式短语是真正主语，如果不定式的逻辑主语是由 of引起，主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的形容词。 常见的有： bad, brave , careless, clever, cruel, foolish, good （好心的）, honest , horrible, kind , lazy, modest, naughty, nice（有教养的）, polite， rude, silly, stupid , wise, wrong（错误的）等。 这个句型可以改写为：sb. is kind to do sth. 。　
It is kind of you to say so. = You are kind to say so.
②It is necessary ( for sb. ) to do sth. 该句型与上一个同属一个句型，如果不定式的逻辑主语是由for引起，主句中的形容词通常是表示重要性，紧迫性，频繁程度，难易，安全等情况的形容词。 常见的形容词有：① important， necessary， natural ② easy， safe， common， normal， hard， difficult， dangerous， unusual， rare， impossible， pleasant等。 =在①中的形容词作表语可以用从句改写， 如： It is important for her to come to the party. = It is important that she (should ) come to the party.
2.It takes sb. ... to do sth. 该句型中的不定式是真正的主语，it是形式主语，句型中的直接宾语是时间，常译为＂做……要花费某人……＂。
It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall.
(三) 作形式主语替代ing形式
It is no good / no use/useless doing sth. 该句型中的真正主语是动名词短语。
It is no good learning English without speaking English.
It’s useless trying to argue with Shylock.

1．You oughtn’t to have gone out without a coat yesterday. It isn’t surprising ________ you caught a cold.
A．whether B．why C．how D．that
2．In fact ________ is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match.
A．this B．that C．there D．it

考向四 作形式宾语，代替不定式、ing形式、宾语从句。
1. We think it important to learn a foreign language. 该句型中的it 作形式宾语，为了记忆方便我们可称该句型为＂6123结构＂。 6指主句中常用的动词：think, believe, make, find, consider, feel； 1指的是形式宾语it；2指的是宾补的两种形式：形容词或名词； 3指的是真正宾语的三种形式：不定式短语，动名词短语或that等引导的宾语从句。
We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day. 　
They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days.
The professor thinks it no good reading without understanding.
The Internet makes it easier for companies to keep in touch with customers.

1.（2019·新课标III卷·语法填空）On our way to the house，it was raining ___so__ hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take ___62___ (get)there.
1. They think very important to learn English well, so they make good use their spare time to study it hard.
A．this；with B．that；of C．it；of D．/；for
3. As the busiest woman in Norton, she made_________ her duty to look after all the other people’s affairs in that town.
A. this               B. that            C.one              D.it
2. 在like, dislike, hate, love, take, appreciate, depend on, see to(处理)，insist on，help等动词后，形式宾语it后可直接跟宾语从句。此时，it表模糊概念，指代后面所叙述的内容。
You may depend on it that I shall always support you.
I hate it when people laugh at the disabled.
I will appreciate it if you can help me with my English.

1. I’d appreciate ________ if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.
A. it B. you C. one D. this
2．How would you like ______ if the power went out when you were watching your favorite TV program?
A．them B．those C．it D．one

考向五it的重要句型
1.强调句
① It is/was  + 被强调部分 + that/who ... 该句型是强调句型。将被强调的部分放在前面，其它部分置于that之后，被强调部分可以是主语，宾语，表语或状语，强调的主语如果是人，that可以由who换用。如果把这种句型结构划掉后，应该是一个完整无缺的句子；这也是判断强调句型与其它从句的方法。
It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.
It was they that (who ) cleaned the classroom yesterday. It was in the street that I met her father.
It was yesterday that I met her in the street.
It is you that /who are wrong.
I think it was Jack said this.(其中省略了who 或that)
What is it you want me to do?(it 后省略了that)
② It is not until + 被强调部分 + that ... 该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语，译成汉语＂直到……才……＂，可以说是 not ... until ... 的强调形式。
It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star. = Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star. = I didn’t realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.
强调句型的两种变形形式：
一般疑问句形式：Is/ Was it … that…? 
特殊疑问句形式：Who/ Whom /When/ When 等 + is/ was it that …?
1)Was it in 1979 ______ the American astronaut succeeded ______ landing on the moon?  
A. when; on     B. that; on    C. when; in    D. that; in    (Key: D)
2）Was ______ that I saw last night at the concert?  
A. it you    B. not you      C. you      D. that yourself    (Key: A)
3）Who was it that you met in the street yesterday? 昨天你在街上遇到的是谁？
Where was it that you met Jack yesterday? 你昨天是在哪里遇到杰克的？

I don’t mind her criticizing me, but is how she does it that I object to.
A. it B. that C. this D. which
2.It ＋be的适当形式＋时间＋ when-clause
这个句型中，it指时间，而且表示时间的词语前没有介词（时间一般为具体时间）。主句中的谓语动词和从句中的谓语动词在时态上一般是一致的，主句是will be，when从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。常译为＂当……的时候，是……＂例如：
It was already 8o’clock when we got home.
It will be midnight when they get there.
It was five o’clock in the afternoon _____ they climbed up to the top of the mountain.
It was at five o’clock in the afternoon _____ they climbed up to the top of the mountain.
A. since    B. when     C. that    D. until  
3.It ＋is/has been＋一段时间＋ since-clause
这个句型表示从since从句谓语动作发生以后到现在或过去所经过的一段时间，意为＂自从……以来已多久了＂since 从句后用一般过去时，例如：
It is／has been three years since his father passed away.他父亲去逝已经有三年了。
It is/has been fifteen years since she left Shanghai.她离开上海已经15年了
4. ①It is time ( about time ，high time ) that ... 该句型中that 后的从句应该用虚拟语气，常用一般过去时态表示虚拟.
It is time that children went to bed.
It is time you bought a new car.
It is (high ) time you made up your mind.
②It is the first ( second ... ) time that ... 该句型要和上一个句型区别开来，该句型中的 that 从句不用虚拟语气，而用完成时态，。至于用什么完成时态，由主句的谓语动词的时态决定。如果是一般现在时，后面从句用现在完成时态；如果是一般过去时，后面从句则用过去完成时态，该结构中 that 可以省去；it有时用 this 替换.常译为＂是第一（二）……次……＂。
It is the first time I have been here. = This is the first time I have been here.
It was the fifth time（that）I had paid a friendly visit to Africa.
5.It ＋be的适当形式＋一段时间＋before-clause
这个句型中的时间一般为表示一段时间的词语（如：long，years，months，weeks，days ， hours，minutes），主句中的谓语动词用肯定式，意为＂过多长时间才……＂。主句的谓语动词是否定式时，意为＂没过多长时间就……＂。主句的时态可用过去时was或将来时 will be；用was时，before从句的动词用一般过去时；用will be时，before从句常用一般现在时。例如：
It was not long before she learned those poems by heart .她没过多久就背会了那些诗歌。
It was long before the police arrived.过了很久警察才来。
It will be hours before he makes a decision.要过好几个小时他才会作出决定。
It will not be hours before we meet again.要不了几个小时我们还会再见面的。
6. It looks ( seems ) as if ... 该句型中it无意义， as if 引导一个状语从句。常译为＂看起来好象……＂如果与事实不相符合，则用虚拟语气。
It looks as if he is ill.（真的病了）　
It looks as if he were ill. （没有生病）
It seemed as if he were dying.
情景交际
高考常考情景交际用语：
1.A pleasure与With pleasure
A pleasure.=My pleasure=It’s a pleasure. 意为＂不用谢＂，当别人表示感谢时用它来回答
With pleasure. 意为＂非常乐意＂，当别人请自己帮忙时，自己爽快的接受（伴随着快乐）。

1.—Would you do me a favor and give me a ride ?
— ______ .
A. Yes, that’s right B. No trouble
C. Never mind D. With pleasure
2.—Could you do me a favor and take these books to my office?
—Yes, ________.
A. for pleasure B. I could
C. my pleasure D. with pleasure
2.Don’t mention it.与you’re welcome.
Don’t 'mention it(informal) used as a polite answer when sb has thanked you for sth:
‘Thanks for all your help.’ ‘Don’t mention it.’两个短语用法较简单，意为＂不用谢＂
A：Thank you very much. 太感谢你了。
B：Don’t mention it. 别客气。
3.No problem
1.used to show that you are happy to help sb or that sth will be easy to do:
2.‘Can I pay by credit card?’ ‘Yes, no problem.’
3.used after sb has thanked you or said they are sorry for sth:
4.‘Thanks for the ride.’ ‘No problem.’

1.—I’m sorry to have kept you waiting. 
—___________, Bill.
A. You’re welcome   B. Go ahead 
C. Don’t mention it  D. No problem
2.—We need three single rooms for the first week in June.
—___________. The hotel’s not busy then.
A. No problem B. Don’t bother
C. Never mind D. It doesn’t matter
4.Mind
当问你是否介意（某人）做某事时，如果你同意，那就是不介意，要用no 来回答；如果你不同意，那就是介意，要用yes来回答。此时，mind与＂oppose反对＂意思相近。

1.— Do you mind if I open the window?
—____________ I feel a bit cold.
A. Of course not. B. I’d rather you didn’t.
C. Go ahead. D. Why not?
2.—Would you mind my coming over and having a look at your new garden ?My little son’s curious about those roses you grow.
— _____________ .You’re welcome.
A.Yes ,I do B.Never mind
C.Yes ,please D.Not at all
5.Never mind
You say never mind when you are emphasizing that something is not serious or important, especially when someone is upset about it or is saying sorry to you. 用于当别人为某事烦恼或向你道歉时。

1.—Oh dear ! I’ve just broken a window .
— ____ .It can’t be helped .
A.Never mind B.All right
C.that’s fine D.Not at all
2.—I’m terribly sorry that I made  your table cloth dirty.
   —___________. 
A. Never mind        B. Don’t mention it    
C. That’s right          D. Sorry     
6.It doesn’t matter.
matter (to sb) ：to be important or have an important effect on sb/sth:
It doesn’t matter to me what you do
‘What did you say?’ ‘Oh, it doesn’t matter’ (= it is not important enough to repeat).’
‘I’m afraid I forgot that book again.’ ‘It doesn’t matter (= it is not important enough to worry about).’

1.—I’m sorry I broke your mirror.
—Oh, really ? ______________ .
A. It’s OK with me B. It doesn’t matter
C. Don’t be sorry D. I don’t care
2. —Dad! Tom's broken a glass!
— ________. Accidents will happen.
A. No way     B.  Doesn't matter 
C. No trouble at all     D. Don't mention it
7.That’ ok/ fine/ all right.
1. It's all right/alright ( also That's all right/alright ) 不用谢，没关系
an answer to someone who has just thanked you for something or just said they are sorry for something they have done
＂Thank you for the flowers.＂ ＂It's all right . I thought they might cheer you up.＂
＂I'm sorry I broke the vase.＂ ＂Oh, that's all right . It wasn't very expensive.＂
2. If you say that someone or something is all right, you mean that you find them satisfactory or acceptable.
Is it all right with you if we go now?...

—We’d like you to start work tomorrow if possible.
—I’m sorry, but I can’t possibly start until Monday. _________?
A.Do you agree with me B.Is that a good idea
C.Do you think I’m right D.Will that be all right
2.—Professor Johnson, I’m afraid I can’t finish the report within this week.
—______. How about next week?
A. Good for you B. It won’t bother me
C. Not at all D. That’s OK
8.Why not? 和isn’t it?
＂Why not ＂is used to express agreement.用来表示同意，并不是问＂为什么不可以?＂。
联系：有些反意疑问句也并不是表示疑问，而是一种习惯，一种语气，如：
A: It’s fine, isn’t it? B：yes, it is, isn’t it?

1.— Let’s go to a movie after work, OK?
—_______________
A. Not at all. B. Why not?
C. Never mind. D. What of it?
2.—How about putting some pictures into the report?
—________A picture is worth a thousand words.
A. No way. B. Why not?
C. All right? D. No matter.
9. Why not do something? 表建议做某事；why do something做某事没有必要

—It’s a long time since I saw my sister. 
—_______________ her this weekend?
A. Why not visit      B. why not to visit   
C. Why not visiting    D. Why don’t visit
10.Thank you
按照英语的习惯，别人赞美奉承自己时，应表示感谢，而不是中国式的谦虚。

1.—What a beautiful picture you’ve drawn!
—______________ 
A. Not at all.           B. Thank you.          
C. You’re great.        D. I’m proud of you 
2.–Bruce, I really appreciate your handwriting.
— .
A. I practice every day B. Thank you very much
C. No, I don’t think so D. Well, it’s not good enough
11.Not really
used, often in negative sentences, to reduce the force of sth you are saying: I don’t really agree with that. It doesn’t really matter. 用于缓和语气，并不完全是，
‘Did you enjoy the book?’ ‘Not really’ (= ‘no’ or ‘not very much’).
比较： I don’t really know means that you are not sure about something;
I really don’t know emphasizes that you do not know.

1.—＂Could we put off the meeting?＂ she asked.
—＂_________.＂ He answered politely. ＂This is the only day everyone is available.＂
A. Not likely  B. Not exactly 
C. Not nearly  D. Not really
2.—Have you been wasting time on computer games again?
— ____________. I’ve been studying a lot and I need a break.
A．No way     B．Not really 
C．I don’t agree  D．I couldn’t agree more
12.No way
used to say that there is no possibility that you will do sth or that sth will happen:

—I think you should phone Jenny and say sorry to her .
— ______________ . It was her fault .
A. No way B. Not possible
C. No chance D. Not at all
13.I’m sorry, but…
用以委婉地提出一个使对方不快的事实。

—I’d like to invite you to dinner this Saturday, Mr. Smith.
— ____________ .
A. Oh, no. Let’s not B. I’d rather stay at home
C. I’m very sorry, but I have other plans D. Oh, no. That’ll be too much trouble
2.I hope you don’t mind me asking, _______ where did you buy those shoes?
A. so B. and C. yet D. but
14.Not at all
1. used as a polite reply after someone has thanked you
＂Thanks for helping.＂ ＂Not at all.＂
2. used to say 'no' or 'not' strongly
＂Was he a nuisance?＂ ＂No, not at all.＂
I'm not at all happy about it.

—Do you mind if I record your lecture?
— ___________. Go ahead.
A. Never mind  B. No way 
C. Not at all  D. No, you’d better not
15.Help yourself.
to give something to someone or to take something for yourself
＂Might I have some more bread?＂ ＂Please, help yourself !＂
Help在这里是＂拿、取＂之意，多用于食物，也可用于其它东西。

—Do you think I could borrow your dictionary ?
— _____________.
A. Yes, you may borrow B. Yes, you could
C. Yes, help yourself D. Yes, go on
2.—Do you think I could borrow your bicycle?
—_________
A. How come? B. Take your time.
C. Yes, go on D. Yes, help yourself.
16.Go ahead

1.—I wonder if I could possibly use your car for tonight? 
—____________. I'm not using it anyhow. 
A. Sure, go ahead      B. I don't know       
C. Yes, indeed         D. I don't care  
2.—I probably shouldn't have any more cake.
—Oh, ______. It won't kill you.
A. go ahead B. hold on, please
C. you're welcome D. that'll do
17.Come on
1. come on 近义于NOT BELIEVE
informal , used to tell someone that you do not believe them or that you disagree with them, or to show that you are angry with them 得了吧。(表示不相信，不同意或生气)
Oh come on, Ian, you made the same excuse last week!
2. come on phrasal verb HURRY
said to encourage someone to do something, especially to hurry or try harder, or to tell you something 快点，加油，
Come on — we're going to be late if you don't hurry!
Come on, Annabelle, you can tell me. I won't tell anyone.

1.—Now, where is my purse?
—_________! We’ll be late for the picnic.
A. Take your time B. Don’t worry
C. Come on D. Take it easy
2.—It'll take at least 2 hours to do this!
—Oh, _______. I could do it in 30 minutes.
A. come on B. pardon me C. you are right D. don' t mention it
18. Forget it
19.
1. used to tell someone that what they want is impossible
I'd like to take a week's holiday.＂ ＂Forget it, we're way too busy.＂
2. used to tell someone that something is not important and not to worry about it
＂I'm so sorry about that cup.＂ ＂Oh, forget it - I've got plenty.＂

–I’d like to take a week’s holiday.
—________, we’re too busy.
A. Don’t worry B. Don’t mention it
C. Forget it D. Pardon me
19.It’s up to you.

—What do you want to do next? We have half an hour until the basketball game.
—_______. Whatever you want to do is fine with me.
A. It just depends B. It’s up to you
C. All right D. Glad to hear that
20.Take your time.与take it easy.
Take your time: to use as much time as you need without hurrying: 不急，慢慢来
Take it easy: used to tell sb not to be worried or angry: 别担心， 别生气
Take it easy； we’ve got plenty of time

—Can I look at the menu for a few more minutes before I decide?
—Of course. _____ sir.
A Make yourself at home B. Enjoy yourself
C. It doesn't matter D. Take your time
21.How do you find…
有时how do you find sth. ?是问你觉得某物怎么样，同What do you think of….? How do you like..?意思相近。

—How did you find your visit to Qingdao, Joanna?
—______
A. Oh, wonderful indeed                     B. I went the alone  
C. First by train and then by ship               D. A guide showed me the way
22.How come?
＂怎么回事？怎么搞的？为什么？怎么会这样？＂通常用在你觉得奇怪而问为什么的时候。

—I don’t think I’ll be able to go mountain-climbing tomorrow.
—______?
A. And how B. How come
C. How’s it going D. How about it
23.So what
used to mean 'it's not important' and 'I don't care' 那又怎样？

— Andrew won't like it, you know.
—   ______? I don't care what Andrew thinks! 
A. So what          B. So where         
C. So  why          D. So how  


Passage 1
（2022·河南洛阳·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Walking is great for weight loss, but the benefits go far beyond from higher energy and better mood to stress relief, creativity boost, and more. Whether you’re just having a down day or a down life, taking ___1___ walk can lift your mood especially when you go outdoors.
Money for a gym membership, home exercise ___2___ (equip), workout clothes and shoes ___3___ (add) up a lot. But it doesn’t have to. Walking requires ___4___ (absolute) nothing but still provides great health benefits. And ___5___ it can save is not only on things, but also on healthcare. Those who exercised regularly saved much money when it came to healthcare costs compared to those not meeting the minimum weekly exercise requirements.
Sleeping a solid eight hours a day ___6___ (be) one of the most important ___7___ (thing) you can do for your health. But sometimes that’s easier ___8___ (say) than to do. Thankfully, a fast walk may be all you need. People who exercise regularly, including walking, fall asleep more quickly, sleep ___9___ (long), and have better quality sleep. Walking is also good for your brain. When you walk, your foot’s impact ___10___ the ground sends pressure waves through the arteries (动脉) that increase blood flow to the brain.
Passage 2
（2022·青海海东·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Our wedding was unconventional and it was exactly what Matt and I wanted. We both had failed marriages in the past, so we planned to do something different this time ____11____ (express) our desire that this one ____12____ (last); a sunrise ceremony on the Wisconsin shore of Lake Michigan. We even wrote our vows and ____13____ (person) information and put them in a bottle. To share our love with the world, we threw the bottle into ____14____ lake. “It will be ____15____ (high) interesting to find out where it ends up,” I told Matt.
Since we held this special ceremony, Matt and I had managed to stay together happily. But years later, I began to have a little ____16____ (anxious) and doubt about our marriage.
One day, Matt went to the mailbox and took out the mail. There was a letter ____17____ (write) to us. He carried the mail inside, sat down at the kitchen table ____18____ the letter and opened it. It turned out that our bottle ____19____ (find) by a couple, _____20_____ were also married on the Wisconsin shore on August 18 twenty. Eight years ago. When we read it in disbelief, my negative thoughts about our marriage somehow disappeared.
Passage 3
（2022·吉林吉林·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Recently Australia has listed the koala as an endangered species across most of ___21___ (it) east coast, after a dramatic decline in numbers because ___22___ land clearing, bushfires, drought, disease and other threats. The federal government has been urged to do more ___23___ (protect) koalas from rapidly decreasing habitats and climate change.
“This listing adds priority when it comes to the ___24___ (conserve) of the koala,” Environment Minister said on Friday. She said officials were designing a recovery plan, and land development application would now be assessed for impacts on the species.
Last year, a New South Wales survey found koalas would be extinct there by 2050 ___25___ there was urgent action. It estimated that the Black Summer bushfires of 2019-2020 had killed 5,000 koalas and affected 24% of habitats in New South Wales alone.
“Koalas have gone from no-listing to vulnerable (易危物种) to endangered within a decade. That is a ___26___ (shocking) fast decline,” said a scientist. “Today’s decision is welcome, but it won’t stop koalas ___27___ (slide) towards extinction unless it ___28___ (accompany) by stronger laws.”
Scientists warn that climate change will also ___29___ (worse) bushfires and drought, and reduce ___30___ quality of koalas’ eucalyptus (桉树) leaf diet.
Koalas are also found in South Australia and Victoria but their numbers are on the decrease nationally, according to protection groups.
Passage 4
（2022·山东·济南市历城第二中学模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As we all know, every sentence we speak____31____ (reflect) something about who we are as humans. Even people____32____ (speak) the same language have distinct dialects( 方 言 ) that ____33____ (root) in their history and culture. Language also throws light on____34____ (connect) between us and our natural environment. Plants and animals that are given names____35____ any language are generally ____36____ that are relevant to people who are speaking the language.   While we might think of language as having ____37____ fixed set of words and rules that we learn in school, in fact language is always evolving. New words begin to emerge ____38____ others fall out of use and pronunciation changes over time. Languages are as diverse as the communities ____39____ speak them and there are about 7,000 languages around the world. Yet, as many as half of them could go_____40_____ (silence) by the end of this century.
Passage 5
（2022·河南·模拟预测）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
You might know that the domesticated (驯化的) dogs came from wolves. But you might not know how this process of transformation occurred. Wolves domesticated themselves ____41____ (actual).
Surprisingly, wolves were domesticated not by the selection of humans, but by the ____42____ (amaze) adaptation of the wolves themselves to the human settlements that provided them with food. This made ____43____ advantageous for wild wolves to be friendly to humans, as the friendly wolves got more food and bred more. Eventually, those friendly wolves became what we know ____44____ dogs.
But while they gained safety and food, they lost independence. For example, if a dog ____45____ (present) with a locked box, it will look for human help, while a wolf will attempt ____46____ (open) it. And that’s not all that changed about the animal; this process even transformed their appearance.
Experiments on foxes in Siberia have found a genetic link between ____47____ (friendly) and floppy ears and curled tails. The friendly foxes were those most selected by humans, and therefore had more offspring, ____48____ (make) floppy ears and curly tails more common.
However, ____49____ we know about domestication is still quite limited. Just think of how some people assume dogs are stupid because they are loyal even when ____50____ (abuse). The truth is that the dog simply knows that being loyal to the one that feeds it will help it survive.

【2022年高考真题】
（2022年新高考2卷）He saved my son's life," said Mrs. Brown. "I don't know ___45___ to thank him. ”
【2021年高考真题】
1.（2021.6全国乙卷 改错）
That's our view on housework. And hopes this can inspire more thinking on the topic!
2.（2021.3 天津卷 单选）—Are you done with the book I gave you?
—           . I'm still reading the last chapter.
A. Hard to say B. Not quite C. Of course D. It all depends
3.（2021.3 天津卷 单选）—How's the project going?
—           . All we have to do is finish the last bit of work.
A. Easy come easy go B. Far from it C. By all means D. So far so good
【2020年高考真题】
1.（2020·江苏卷） Building such a bridge over the bay was ______ but the local government made it within two years.
A. a wet blanket B. a piece of cake C. a dark horse D. a hard nut to crack
2. （2020·江苏卷）—Do you know anything about Zhang Zhongjing?
—______ He has been honored as a master doctor since the Eastern Han Dynasty.
A. How come? B. So what? C. By all means. D. With pleasure.
3．（2020·（天津卷)英语笔试（第一次)）—Tim has difficulty in making decisions.
—__________. He's still hesitating about whether to take the job.
A．That’s it B．Give it a try C．It's settled D．You're kidding me
4．（2020·（天津卷)英语笔试（第二次)）
—Next time you visit Bob, remember to give him a call in advance.
—______. I will.
A．My pleasure B．No wonder C．Good point D．Never mind
5．（2020·（天津卷)英语笔试（第二次)
—Shall I order a taxi for Sarah to go to the airport tonight?
—______. I’ll drive her there.
A．Have a try B．Don’t mention it C．Don’t bother D．Go ahead
【2019年高考真题】
1.【2019·天津卷·单项填空】12.The professor warned tie students that on no account _____________ use mobile phones in his class.
A. should they B. they should
C. dare they D. they dare
2. 【2019·新课标II卷·短文改错】 I reconsidered my goal and decided to be a doctor. They were two reasons for the decision.
【2018年高考真题】
1.【2018·天津】14. It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house ___________we saw Lily in the passenger seat.
A. which B. that C. when D. where
2.【2018·北京】8. In any unsafe situation, simply _________ the button and a highly-trained agent will get you the help you need.
A. press B. to press C. pressing D. pressed
3.【2018·新课标II卷·语法填空】China's approach to protecting its environment while ___70___ (feed) its citizens "offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide." says the bank's Juergen Voegele.
【2017年高考真题】
1.【2017·江苏卷】22. _______ not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.
A. It were B. Were it C. It was D. Was it