【备战2023高考】英语考点全复习——考点19 宾语从句名词性从句（重难考点精讲练）（全国通用）

这是一份【备战2023高考】英语考点全复习——考点19 宾语从句名词性从句（重难考点精讲练）（全国通用），文件包含备战2023高考英语考点全复习考点19宾语从句名词性从句重难考点精讲练解析版全国通用docx、备战2023高考英语考点全复习考点19宾语从句名词性从句重难考点精讲练原卷版全国通用docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共32页， 欢迎下载使用。

考点19 宾语从句-名词性从句（重难考点精讲练）

名词性从句是高考的热点，对于名词性从句考纲要求掌握以下内容：掌握主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句的基本用法，了解同位语从句的基本用法。要求考生在复习备考中应该掌握名词性从句的基本用法；一些易混引导词的辨析；句子的语序、否定前移；名词性从句和定语从句、状语从句的辨析等。
预计2023年高考对名词性从句的考查仍然不会单纯地考查其语法结构，而是将其融入一定的语境中来考查考生的实际综合运用能力。

考向一 名词性从句连接词的用法
名词性从句的连接词主要有以下几种：
从属连词that/whether/if，
连接代词what/who/which/whose/whatever/whoever/whomever/whichever，
连接副词where/when/why/how/wherever/whenever。
1.that的用法。
(1)主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中用that但不能省略。
☞That they are good at English is known to us all.
☞The problem is that we don’t have enough money.
☞The report that there will be a severe storm in the northern area is false.
(2)一般情况下，宾语从句中的引导词that可省略，但在以下几种情况中that一般不省略：
①当that从句和主句谓语动词之间有插入语时；
②有多个that引导的从句时，第一个that可以省略，而其他的that常不可省略；
③介词except，but，besides，in等后跟that引导的宾语从句时；
④当when，who，what，where，why，how等引导的从句与that引导的从句作主句谓语动词的并列宾语时。
☞He judged that，because he was a child，he did not understand wine.
☞The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do.
☞Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried.
(3)that和what的区别。
that 引导名词性从句时，在主从句中不担当任何句子成分，也没有任何含义；而what引导名词性从句时，在主从句中都要充当一定的句子成分，what可以分解成定语从句中的＂先行词＋关系代词＂，即常说的＂先行词＋that＂。
☞It’s a shame that he has made such a mistake.
☞I will do what I can (do) to help him.
(4)同位语从句与定语从句中that的区别。
同位语从句中的连接词that只起连接作用，在从句中不担当任何句子成分；而定语从句中的关系代词that在句中作宾语或主语，与先行词有修饰关系。如果句子
是同位语从句，就应用连接词that而不能用which。同位语从句一般放在表具体含义的名词后解释说明名词的含义或内容，如以下名词：news，fact，suggestion，truth，plan，belief，doubt，possibility，idea等，而定语从句只是对先行词的限定和修饰。
☞They expressed the hope that they would come to visit China again.(同位语从句)
☞The hope they expressed is that they would come to visit China again.(定语从句)
2.whether和if的用法。
☞ (1)whether和if在宾语从句中可以互换，但是作介词宾语时连接词一般用whether。
It all depends on whether they will come back.
(2)后面直接跟or not 时用whether。
☞I didn’t know whether or not he had arrived in Wuhan.
(3)主语从句、表语从句中只能用whether。
☞Whether the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet.
☞The question is whether they have so much money.
(4)whether可以引导同位语从句，用以说明前面的名词的内容，if则不能。
☞We ought to discuss carefully the question whether we can do it or not.
(5)whether常与or连用表示一种选择，if不能这样用；whether也可与动词不定式连用但if不能。
☞The question of whether they are male or female is not important.
☞I have not decided whether to go or not.
(6)间接宾语位于句首时或者间接宾语提前时用whether不用if。
☞Thank you，but whether I’ll be free I’m not sure at the moment.
(7)whether可引导一个让步状语从句表示＂不管＂、＂无论＂，而if不能。
☞Whether he comes or not，we will begin our party on time.
3.疑问词＋ever和no matter＋疑问词的区别。
(1)疑问词＋ever可引导名词性从句，在主从句中要充当一定的成分。
☞Whoever breaks the rule must be punished.
☞You can choose whatever you like in the shop.
(2)疑问词＋ever还可引导让步状语从句。
☞Whoever breaks the rule，he must be punished.
☞Whatever you do，you must do it well.
(3)no matter＋疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。
☞No matter what you do，you must put your heart into it.
☞No matter who comes late，he must be punished.
4.when和where引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别。
when 和where前面的名词若是表示时间、地点的名词，则when和where引导的是定语从句，否则则为同位语从句。
☞They put forward the question where they could get the money.(同位语从句)
☞This is the place where the accident happened.(定语从句)
5.名词性从句中that不宜省略的几种情况
宾语从句或表语从句中that有时可以省略，但在以下情况时，that不宜省略。
（1）当动词后带有两个并列的宾语从句时，引入第二个从句的连词that不可省略。如：
The teacher told the students (that) they should hand in their homework the next day and that the homework must be signed names by their parents.
老师告诉学生他们要在第二天交上作业，并且作业必须由家长签名。
（2）当that前面有插入语时，that不宜省略。如：
Little Alice didn't know, I'm sure, that her sister was going to America.
我确信，小艾丽斯不知道她的姐姐很快就要去美国了。
（3）省略答语中，that宾语从句单独出现时，that不可省略。如：
—What did he say? 他说了什么
—That he would visit the Great Wall. (他说)他将会参观长城。
（4）当主句的状语部分位于that 宾语从句之前时，that不宜省略。如：
Jane realized at once that she must do with it herself. 珍立刻意识到她必须亲自处理那件事。(如省略that，at once也可能修饰从句，是表示＂立刻意识到……＂，还是表示＂立刻去处理……＂，较为含糊)
（5） 当that 宾语从句中的状语部分位于从句的前部时，that不宜省略。如：
☞Tom promised that if he could earn as much as 500 dollars in this month, he would buy a computer for his brother. 汤姆许下诺言，如果他在这个月里能够赚到500美元，他就给他的弟弟买台电脑。
（6）当that 宾语从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时，that一般不宜省略。如：
☞I will never tell anyone that you have ever been there.
我绝对不会告诉别人你曾经去过那儿。
（7）当为了强调而把that引导的主语从句位于句首时，that不可省略。如：
That they would take the risk was very clear. 他们将要冒这个险是很清楚的了。
（8）当主句中的谓语动词是固定词组时，其宾语that从句中的 that 不宜省略。如：
☞Mary has made up her mind that she will study hard for the scholarship, so she can have the chance to go abroad for further study.
玛丽下定决心努力学习以获得奖学金资格，这样她就有机会出国深造了。
（9）当that 宾语从句前有 it作其形式宾语时，that不可省略。如：
We think it important that college students should master at least one foreign language.
我们认为大学生至少掌握一门外语是很重要的。
（10）当引导同位语从句时，that一般不可省略，尤其当that与先行词处于分割情况时。如：
☞He heard the news that his team had won.
他听到了他的队获胜的消息。
☞There is a feeling in me that they are cheating me.
我有一种感觉他们在骗我。
（11）当that 宾语从句的主语是非谓语动词或是主语从句时，that不可省略。如：
The doctor said that taking exercise was the best way of losing weight.
医生说运动是最好的减肥方式。

1.It is reported that a new school has been built in___ was a deserted village a few decades ago.
A. which                                  B. what                                  C. that                                  D. where  
2.He said nothing except ________ he will come to her birthday party.
A. that                                    B. what                                    C. whether                                    D. if
3.You may have one of these；in other words，you may have ________you choose.
A. whichever                     B. wherever                     C. whenever                     D. no matter which
4.I would appreciate _________ you could work with us to communicate to the American people ________ there are no more funds available for further improvement of social security.
A. it that, if                              B. that, if                              C. it if, that                              D. if, that
5.Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not knowing ______she was heading.
A. why                                   B. where                                   C. how                                   D. when

考向二 宾语从句
【难点梳理】
1）宾语从句主要跟在动词、介词和某些形容词之后。
I wish hat he woud understand me. 我希望他能理解我。
Whether we can succeed depends on how well we cooperate.我们能否成功取决于我们合作得怎么样。
注意：
(1)一般情况下介词后只能接wh-类连接词引导的宾语从句。
He'll talk to us about what happened in the classroom.他将给我们讲述课堂上发生的事情。
(2) in, but, except等少数几个介词后可接由that引导的宾语从句，但此时介词和that已形成固定搭配，即in that因为, but that要不是, except that除了。
The high income tax is harmful in that it may discourage people from trying to earn more.个人所得税高是有害的，因为它可能使人们不愿意努力赚更多的钱。
He would have failed but that you helped him.若不是你帮助他，他会失败的。

I’m afraid that I’ve made a mistake. 恐怕我犯了一个错误。

2）引导宾语从句的连接词主要有：
连接词：that，whether，if等
连接代词：what，who，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever等
连接副词：when，where，why，how等
1. 连接词that，whether，if引导
I think (that) you should turn to the teacher for help. 我认为你应该向老师寻求帮助。
I don’t know if/whether he still lives here after so many years. 我不知道这么多年后他是否还住在这儿。
注意：
whether/if都意为＂是否＂。一般情况下，它们可以互换，口语中常用if，但以下情况中，只能用whether。
（1）与or not紧接连用时。
Let me know whether or not you can come. 请让我知道你是否能来。
（2）作介词的宾语从句时。
We are interested in whether you will attend the meeting. 我们对你是否参加会议感兴趣。

2. 连接代词what，who，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever等引导
She asked me whose handwriting was the best in the class. 她问我班上谁的书法最好。
I’ll just say whatever comes into my mind. 我想到什么就说什么。
3. 连接副词when，where，why，how等引导
Do you know when the ancient Olympic Games began? 你知道古代的奥运会是什么时间开始的吗?
I’ve been thinking about how we can make the newspaper more interesting. 我一直在考虑如何使我们的报纸更用趣。
4. 宾语从句的语序
在宾语从句中要用陈述句语序。
He asked me when we could set out the next day. 他问我第二天什么时候可以出发。
Did you find out where she lost her car? 你查出她在哪里丢的车了吗?
5. 宾语从句的时态
（1）当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时时，其宾语从句的时态可以是任何适当的时态。
She says (that) she works from Monday to Friday. 她说她周一至周五上班。(从句是一般现在时)
she says (that) she will leave a message on his desk. 她说她要在他桌子上留个便条。(从句是一般将来时)
She says (that) she has never been to Mount Emei. 她说她从来没有去过峨眉山。(从句是现在完成时)
（2）当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时时，其宾语从句的时态一般要用适当的过去时态。
He said there were no classes yesterday afternoon. 他说昨天下午没有课。(从句是一般过去时)
He said that he was going to take care of the baby. 他说他会去照看这个婴儿。(从句是过去将来时)
He said that they were having a meeting at that time. 他说他们那时正在开会。(从句是过去进行时)
（3）当宾语从句是表达客观真理和规律的句子时，其时态仍旧用一般现在时。
The teacher told us that nothing is difficult if we put our hearts into it. 老师告诉我们世上无难事，只怕有心人。
He said that light travels much faster than sound. 他说光比声音传播得快。
注意：在使用宾语从句时需要注意下面几点：
①动词find，feel，think，consider，make，believe，guess，suppose，assume等后有宾语补足语时，则需要用it作形式宾语，而将that宾语从句后置。
I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day. 我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的。
I have made it a rule that I keep diaries. 我每天写日记成了惯例。
②hate，like，take，owe，have，take for granted等表示＂喜欢；痛恨；认为＂的动词或动词短语和see to表示＂注意，留意＂后有宾语补足语时，需要用it作形式宾语而将宾语从句后置。
I hate it when they talk with their mouth full of food. 我讨厌他们满嘴食物说话。
When you start the engine, you must see to it that the car is in neutral. 启动发动机时，一定要使汽车的离合器处于空档位置。
③介词后的宾语从句。
She is always thinking of how she can do more for others. 她总想着如何才能为别人做得更多。
We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.
我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部。
④宾语从句的否定转移。将think，believe，suppose，expect，fancy，imagine等动词后面宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。
I don’t think I know you. 我想我并不认识你。
I don’t believe he will come. 我相信他不会来。
【巧学妙记】
宾语从句的用法速记口诀
宾语从句须注意，几点事项应牢记。
一是关键引导词，不同句子词相异。
陈述句子用that；一般疑问是否（if，whether）替；
特殊问句更好办，引导还用疑问词。
二是时态常变化，主句不同从句异。
主句若为现在时，从句时态应看意；
主句若为过去时，从句时态向前移。
三是语序要记清，从句永保陈述序。

1.She asked me _______ I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn't.
A. when                                B. where                                C. whether                                D. what
2.My family think they know a lot about me but I turn out to be a little different from_______ they think.
A. what                                   B. that                                C. which                                      D. how
3.It is difficult for us to imagine_____ life was like for slaves in the ancient world.
A. where                                  B. what                                  C. which                                  D. why

1．The spokesman noted _______ some individuals apparently lack is not the means to get the correct information, but the courage to admit the truth.
A．whether B．that C．which D．what
2．Fanny asked ________ made that odd­looking little cat so popular.
A．what was it that B．what was that
C．what it was that D．what that was
3．Students show great interest in ________ Professor William presents to them in his class.
A．whichever B．wherever C．whatever D．however
4．All of us applauded the proposal _____ every cent should be used where it is needed most.
A．that B．what C．which D．whether
5．It is generally acknowledged that loving your life is _____ the key to happiness lies.
A．what B．why C．where D．whether
6．— The designers are over the moon.What's up?
— They've reached an agreement on_________the bonuses are to be divided later.
A．why B．how C．where D．when
7．The only time my father really stops thinking about work is_____our whole family are on vacation.
A．that B．when C．where D．which
8．The spokesman noted______some individuals apparently lack is not the means to get the correct information, but the courage and conscience to admit the truth.
A．which B．that C．whether D．what
9．What puzzles Lily's friends is ________ she always has so many crazy ideas.
A．whether B．why C．what D．when
10．It suddenly occurred to him ________ he had left his keys in the office.
A．whether B．where
C．which D．that
11．Air pollution is a big problem. I wonder ______ we can do about it.
A．whether B．what C．how D．that
12．________ is known to all is that the outstanding academic atmosphere, as well as various festivals and sports, ________ many students to our school.
A．It： draw B．Which： draw C．What： draws D．As： draws
13．I don’t doubt ________ he will come tomorrow, but I do doubt ________ he will come on time.
A．that; whether B．whether; whether
C．that; that D．whether; that
14．The fact ________ he was successful proves his ability.
A．what B．that C．which D．why
15．________ students do at the college matters much more than where they travel.
A．Which B．Where C．What D．When
16．College campus life is usually nothing like ______ students imagined when they were in high school.
A．what B．which C．that D．as
17．The book is of great help to ______ wants to do the job.
A．who B．whomever C．no matter who D．whoever
18．By reading the story, you may understand ______ to be successful.
A．it takes what B．you take what C．what takes you D．what it takes
19．He’s as a “bellyacher”—he’s always complaining about something.
A．who is known B．whom is known
C．what is known D．which is known
20．The researchers who study jokes want to find out _______ people from different nations and cultures find funny.
A．why B．that
C．what D．whether
21．I have resigned, and they have a free hand to appoint__________ they like in my place.
A．whenever B．however C．whatever D．whomever
22．Anyone with common sense is able to make the proper decision and do ______ suits the occasion best.
A．no matter what B．no matter how C．whatever D．however
23．You can get you want as a gift for your fantastic performance in the final examination for you and your friends.
A．whoever B．whichever C．however D．whatever
24．I think my father would like to know_______I’ve been up to so far, so I decide to send him a quick note.
A．which B．what C．why D．when
25．The beauty of a tournament like the World Cup is ________ it can be wildly unpredictable.
A．whether B．how C．that D．why
26．My grandmother helped me believe that I could accomplish ____________ I put my mind to.
A．whenever B．whatever C．wherever D．whichever
27．—The hillside village remains primitive and unspoiled.
—That explains ______ people desire to explore such a remote place.
A．how B．where C．when D．why
28．Social media paints this rosy picture that everyone else 's lives are perfect,but things are seldom_______they seem.
A．which B．what C．how D．where
29．— Would you please tell us the prospect of fighting against COVID-19?
— We are sure to win the battle, but ______ it’ll be over soon I’m not sure at the moment.
A．whether B．that C．if D．when
30．He sold his house for twice ________ he paid for it so he did well out of the deal.
A．how B．what C．that D．which

【2022】
（2022年浙江1月）Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak ______ she could do so remotely.
【2021】
（2021年北京卷）The poor woman wasn't able to give him any information about ________ she lived．
【2020】
1.（2020年浙江卷）Over thousands of years，they began to depend less on ______ could be hunted or gathered from the wild，and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.
2.（2020年北京卷）Oliver says if you're lucky enough to have someone close to you who enjoys cooking, ask them __________you can join in when it's possible.
3. （2020·江苏卷）It is not a problem __________ we can win the battle; it’s just a matter of time.
A. whether B. why C. when D. where
4.（2020·天津卷7月·单项选择）15. The student completed this experiment to make come true ______ Professor Joseph had said.
A. that B. what C. when D. where
5. （2020·天津卷3月·单项选择）12. My grandmother helped me believe that I could accomplish ____________ I put my mind to.
A. whenever B. whatever C. wherever D. whichever
【2019-2017】
1.【2019·北京卷·语法填空】What students do at college seems to matter much more than ___8___ they go.
2.（2019·江苏卷·单项填空）Scientists have obtained more evidence ___________ plastic is finding its way into the human body.
A. what B. that C. which D. where
3.(2018·北京T15 ) This is _________ my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best.
A. how B. which C. that D. what
4. (2018﹒天津﹒T9) The gold medal will be awarded ___________to wins the first place in the bicycle race.
A. whomever B. wherever C. whoever D. whatever
5. (2018﹒北京﹒T11) Without his support, we wouldn’t be _________ we are now.
A. how B. when C. where D. why
6. (2017﹒北京﹒T23) Every year, ______ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
A. whatever B. whoever C. whomever D. whichever
7. (2017﹒北京﹒T26)Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not knowing ______she was heading.
A. why B. where C. how D. when
8. (2017﹒江苏﹒T26)We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20, half of _______ it used to charge.
A. that B. which C. what D. how
9. (2017﹒天津﹒T4)She asked me _______ I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn’t.
A. when B. where C. whether D. what