高中英语外研版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 5 What an adventure!导学案

Part 2　Developing ideas,Presenting ideas,Reflection

1.主题语境:人与自然—人类的探险活动及其意义。

2.语篇类型:科幻故事。

3.课文内容分析:课文是根据法国作家Jules Verne的科幻小说《海底两万里》的选段改写的,通过Aronnax教授等人跟随Nemo船长在海底漫步的视角,呈现了海底的景色,着重描述了阳光透过水面的光线变化和在海床上行走的感受。阅读本文,有利于培养学生探索未知世界的好奇心和献身精神,启发学生思考人与自然的关系和自我价值。

Twenty thousand leagues under the sea

A sea 1.　　　　 is seen in the Pacific Ocean. 

⬇

Pierre Aronnax and Conseil join a ship to find and 2.　　　　 the creature. 

⬇

The creature turns out to be a huge 3.　　　　 under the command of Captain Nemo. 

⬇

They are 4.　　　　 and taken inside the submarine.  

⬇

While Ned can think only of escaping,Aronnax and Conseil are 5.　　　　 by their adventures in the new underwater world. 

⬇

Words are not enough to 6.　　　　 such wonders—I no longer felt the weight of things on me,and my head shook like 7.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　;the solar rays 8.　　　　　　　　 the watery mass easily,and 9.　　　　 all colour;we were walking on fine,even sand,not 10.　　　　,as on a flat shore;this dazzling carpet,really a reflector,drove away the rays of the sun;at the depth of thirty feet,I could see as if I was in 11.　　　　　　　　. 

答案:1.creature　2.kill　3.submarine　4.captured　5.fascinated　6.relate　7.a nut in its shell　8.shone through　9.consumed　10.wrinkled　11.broad daylight

1.While attacking from the ship,Aronnax and Conseil,along with the whale hunter Ned Land,fall into the sea,and discover that the “creature” is actually a submarine.(教材第57页)

他们从船上对这只生物展开攻击,结果阿龙纳斯、康塞尔和捕鲸猎人内德·兰德都坠入海中,并且发现所谓的“生物”其实是一艘潜水艇。

◆attack vt.& vi.攻击;抨击;侵害

n.攻击;抨击;发作

One afternoon,while attempting to get into bed she collapsed(倒下) from what was eventually discovered to be a heart attack.(2021年全国乙卷,完形填空)

一天下午,当她试图上床睡觉时,摔倒了,最终发现摔倒的原因是心脏病发作。

Most dogs will not attack unless provoked.

大多数的狗受到挑衅才会攻击。

单句语法填空

①Researchers said eating soybean-based food lowered the risk of death from 　　　　 heart attack,stroke and other cardiovascular problems. 

②When an animal is 　　　　 attack,it can run away or fight back. 

完成句子

③After the Romans left Britain,it 　　　　　　　　(受到……的袭击) the Anglo-Saxons who were from the area of Europe that is now Germany and Holland. 

答案:①a　②under　③was attacked by

2.They are captured and taken inside the submarine,where they meet the man in charge,Captain Nemo.

(教材第57页)

他们一行人被抓了起来并带到潜水艇内,在那里他们遇见了尼摩船长。

◆charge n.主管,负责　vt.& vi.指控,要价,充电

The removable battery takes about two and a half hours to charge and has a range of roughly 31 kilometres.

这种可拆卸电池充电大约需要两个半小时,续航里程约31千米。

He took charge of the farm after his father’s death.

他在父亲去世后掌管了农场。

He offered to fix bikes free of charge for anyone who needed it.(2021年天津卷,完形填空)

他主动免费为任何有需要的人修理自行车。

单句语法填空

①What did they charge 　　　　 the repairs? 

②I’m leaving the school 　　　　 your charge. 

③He was charged 　　　　 murder. 

答案:①for　②in　③with

3.In order to keep this secret,Captain Nemo tells his three newest passengers that they are not permitted to leave the submarine.(教材第57页)

为了保守这个秘密,尼摩船长告诫他的三位新乘客永远都不能离开潜水艇。

◆permit v.允许,准许,许可　n.许可证

Try to go out for a walk at lunchtime,if the weather permits.

如果天气允许,午饭时间尽量出去散散步。

Employees are permitted to use the golf course during their free hours.

准许雇员在业余时间使用高尔夫球场。

单句语法填空

①It does not guarantee that an immigration officer will permit you 　　　　(enter) the country. 

②Time 　　　　(permit),I am going to go on a trip to Mount Tai. 

③People need 　　　　(permit) to be funny in social settings because there’s always a risk that comes with humor.(2020年江苏卷) 

答案:①to enter　②permitting　③permission

4.While Ned Land can think only of escaping,Aronnax and Conseil are fascinated by their adventures in the new underwater world.(教材第57页)

尽管内德·兰德一心想要逃离这个地方,但阿龙纳斯与康塞尔已被他们在海底新世界的奇遇深深吸引住了。

◆fascinate vi.& vt.(使)着迷;(使)迷住

It seems that the Spring Festival Gala never fails to fascinate.

春晚似乎总是让人津津乐道。

Anything to do with planes fascinates him.

任何与飞机有关的事都使他着迷。

单句语法填空

①I was 　　　　 (fascinate) to see how skilfully the old craftsman worked. 

②I’ve had a lifelong 　　　　 (fascinate) with the sea. 

答案:①fascinated　②fascination

5.The light,which lit the soil thirty feet below the surface of the ocean,astonished me by its power.(教材第57页)

光线照亮了海面以下30英尺的土地,这股力量使我震惊。

◆astonish sb.使某人惊讶

The news astonished everyone.

这消息使大家十分惊讶。

She seemed astonished (that) I had never been to Paris.

我从未去过巴黎,这似乎使她大为惊奇。

To my utter astonishment,she remembered my name.

她竟记得我的名字,使我万分惊讶。

单句语法填空

①He was astonished 　　　　(learn) he’d won the competition. 

②She ran 100m in an 　　　　(astonish) 10.6 seconds. 

完成句子

③She 　　　　(使我们大为惊讶) by saying she was leaving. 

答案:①to learn　②astonishing　③astonished us

6.Truly this water which surrounded me was but another air heavier than the Earth’s atmosphere,but almost as clear.(教材第57页)

真的,环绕在我四周的水仿佛不过是一种气体,比地球的大气更稠密,却几乎一样透明。

◆surround v.围绕,环绕

The hungry bear followed his nose to our camp,which was surrounded by a high wire fence.(2020年浙江卷,读后续写)

饥饿的熊跟着气味来到我们的营地,营地四周围着一道高高的铁丝网。

Tall trees surround the lake.

环湖都是大树。

单句语法填空

①As a child I 　　　　(surround) by love and kindness. 

②I like to surround myself 　　　　 beautiful things. 

③The buildings have been designed to blend in with their 　　　　(surround). 

答案:①was surrounded　②with

③surroundings

7.This dazzling carpet,really a reflector,drove away the rays of the sun with wonderful intensity,which accounted for the vibration which passed through every atom of liquid.(教材第57页)

这块令人目眩的地毯简直是一个反射器,强有力地把阳光反射回去,光线所经之处的每个水分子都因此而振动。

◆account for 说明/解释……的原因;是……的原因

Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US.(2020年全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解D)

照明约占美国总用电量的7%。

Lack of confidence accounts for her failure in the interview.

缺乏自信是她在面试中失败的原因。

完成句子

①The poor weather may have 　　　　　　　(解释) the small crowd. 

②She retired early 　　　　　　　　(由于,因为) ill health. 

③　　　　　　　　(绝不,绝非) should the house be left unlocked. 

答案:①accounted for　②on account of

③On no account

Above me was the calm surface of the sea.(教材第57页)

头顶上是平静的海面。

◆表示方位的介词短语放于句首时,句子用完全倒装结构。

In the east of our city lies a man-made lake,many trees and flowers around it,quite beautiful.

在我市东部有一个人工湖,周围有许多树和花,相当美丽。

There comes a bus! It’s time for us to leave!

公交车来了!我们该走了!

Now starts the conference,though someone doesn’t turn up.

现在开始开会吧,尽管还有人没来。

完全倒装常见结构:

①there be、live、stand、appear、seem、remain、exist……句型。

②“here、there、now、thus、then+动词+主语”的句子中(谓语动词为be、go、come、lie、run等转移动词,主语为名词)。

③out、in、up、down、off、away、in the distance、around the corner、on the hill等有方向性意义的副词或表示地点的介词短语位于句首(谓语动词表示动作,主语为名词)。

④强调表语,构成“表语+连系动词+主语”结构。

⑤某些表示愿望的感叹句。

完成句子

①　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(头上方悬着的那盏灯),giving out a weak light. 

②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(我姐姐来了).You wait to be blamed. 

③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(现在开始演讲).Please take notes. 

答案:①Above the head hangs a light　② Here comes my sister　③Now begins the speech

I no longer felt the weight of my clothes,or of my shoes,of my air supply,or my thick helmet,inside which my head shook like a nut in its shell.(教材第57页)

我已经感觉不到衣服、鞋子、氧气罐和厚重头盔的重量。我的头在头盔中摇来晃去,就像果仁在壳里滚动一般。

该句子为主从复合句。句中inside which my head shook like a nut in its shell为非限制性定语从句,先行词是 my thick helmet。

单句情境写作

①他在梦中不再感觉到烦恼,在梦中他正在环游世界。

②我已经感觉不到书包、头盔的重量,我的头在头盔里就像壳里面的坚果在晃动着。

答案:①He no longer feels the worries in the dream,inside which he is touring around the world.

②I no longer felt the weight of my bag,or of my helmet,inside which my head shook like a nut in its shell.

1.And now,how can I look back upon the impression left upon me by that walk under the waters?(教材第57页)

现在,我该如何追述水下漫步给我留下的印象呢?

句中复数名词waters表示某一江、河、湖、海等的水域。

 This is where the waters of Amazon flow out into the sea.

这就是亚马孙河入海的地方。

完成句子

①The ship successfully underwent sea trials 　　　　　　　　　　　　 (在近海水域). 

②Be aware of those who 　　　　　　　　　　　　 (浑水摸鱼). 

答案:①in coastal waters　②fish in troubled waters

2.Words are not enough to relate such wonders!(教材第57页)

那种奇遇是语言无法描述的!

◆relate vt.相联系,有关联;讲述

The witness related what he had seen.

证人陈述了他所看到的情况。

Then he related what had passed between them.

然后他讲述他们之间发生的事情。

① relate意为“讲述,叙述”时是比较正式的用语,强调详细地、完整地、有条理地、连贯地叙述自己耳闻目睹或经历过的事情或经过。用作及物动词,其后接名词、代词、疑问词从句作宾语,也可接双宾语,其间接宾语须用to引出。

②relate还可意为“把……联系起来”,可用作不及物动词,也可用作及物动词。用作不及物动词时,常与介词to连用;用作及物动词时,接名词或代词作宾语。

单句语法填空

①Granny told Jim to relate this story 　　　　 his mother. 

②The victims 　　　　 (relate) what had happened in the earthquake. 

③I think there is no 　　　　 (relate) between the two words. 

答案:①to　②related　③relation

3.Beyond that the colours darkened into fine shades of deep blue,and gradually disappeared.(教材第57页)

在这个距离之外,颜色变深,呈现出深蓝色的阴影,逐渐看不到了。

◆beyond prep.除了……;除……之外

He’s got nothing beyond his apartment.

除了他的公寓,他一无所有。

Research has shown that emotional skills may contribute to some of these qualities,but most of them move far beyond skill-based emotional intelligence.(2021年新高考全国Ⅰ卷,阅读D)

研究表明,情商技巧可能有助于这些品质的形成,但其中大多数远远超出了基于技巧的情商。

单句语法填空

①I can’t believe it.It is just 　　　　 my imagination. 

②Julia may lose the game because it is beyond 　　　　 (she) reach. 

③The beauty of the valley is beyond 　　　　 (express). 

答案:①beyond　②her　③expression

4.The ship rests upright on the sea bed,about 30 metres below the waves.(教材第59页)

轮船笔直地矗立在海浪以下30米的海床上。

◆rest (sth.) on/upon (使)倚、靠,被……支撑着;(目光)落在……上;(视线)停留在……上

Rest your head on my shoulder.把你的头靠在我的肩膀上。

His eyes rested on the empty seat.他的目光落在了那个空座位上。

完成句子

①After a day’s work,the tired boy 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (头靠在椅子上) and fell asleep. 

②Suddenly,the eyes of the boss 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (落在我的机器上). 

③You can 　　　　　　　　　　　　 (放心)everything will be ready before the meeting. 

答案:①rested his head on the chair　②rested on my machine　③rest assured that

Writing about a diving experience

1.文体类型:潜水探险经历,属于记叙文。

2.要点内容:根据潜水探险广告发挥想象力,写水下探险经历,包括(1)自己做了什么;(2)自己看见了什么;(3)自己的感受。

潜水探险经历首段常用句式:

When it comes to the adventure story,the...came into my mind first.

Speaking of the adventure,I experienced one three years ago.

If you want to experience an adventure under the sea,let’s read the following story together.

I’d like to introduce...to you.

Do you want to know more about my adventure...?

潜水探险经历中段常用句式:

We went there by train...

I was doing...in the sea when...

At first,it was...Then it became...

It turned out to be...

All of sudden,sth.appeared...

潜水探险经历尾段常用句式:

It is really worth visiting...

Till now I still feel frightened/excited at the thought of that adventure.

I realised that...

假设你是李华,去年暑假和父母去了英国法恩岛。期间经历了人生第一次潜水探险。请以日记的形式描述自己的这一次冒险经历,并写出从中自己的所思所想所获。内容包括:

1.潜水地点是英国法恩岛(Farne Island)。

2.与海豹嬉戏。

3.潜水有益于身体健康,磨炼意志。

注意:写作词数应为80个左右,可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。

Ⅰ.对接单元词汇

1.　　　　 n.努力,尝试 

2.　　　　 n.惊险,刺激 

3.　　　　 adj.未觉察到的,未意识到的 

4.　　　　 adj.被迷住的,被吸引住的 

5.　　　　 v.使吃惊,使惊讶 

6.　　　　 adv.逐渐地,逐步地 

7.　　　　 v.环绕,围绕 

8.　　　　 prep.在……之下,在……正下方 

9.　　　　 n.居民,住户 

答案:1.attempt　2.thrill　3.unaware　4.fascinated

5.astonish　6.gradually　7.surround　8.beneath　9.resident

Ⅱ.巧用单元句式、语法

1.说到冒险经历,我想到了去年刺激的法恩岛潜水经历。

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,the thrilling diving experience in Farne Island came into my mind first. 

2.这是一次难忘的精彩经历。

It was an 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 

3.我正在潜水时一只雄性海豹出现了。

I was diving in the sea when 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 

4.起初我大吃一惊,但是慢慢地被雄性海豹迷住了。

At first I 　　　　　　　　,but gradually I 　　　　　　　　　　　　 it. 

5.我原以为雄性海豹会伤害我,但是结果发现它可爱友好。

I thought it would hurt me,but it turned out that it was 　　　　　　　　　　　　. 

6.我被一群海豹围绕着,我们一起快乐地游来游去。

I 　　　　　　　　　　　　 a group of seals,and we were swimming happily together. 

7.游泳过度疲惫,上岸后我睡着了。

I was so tired that I fell asleep when I 　　　　　　　　　　　　 the beach. 

8.尽管疲惫,但是我觉得这次潜水经历的确值得再尝试一次。

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,I still thought it was worth trying again. 

答案:1.When it comes to adventure

2.unforgettable and wonderful experience　3.a male seal appeared　4.was astonished;was fascinated by　5.lovely and friendly　6.was surrounded by　7.was back on

8.Though I was tired

1.将句1用 “speak of” 改写升级。

2.将句2用 “such...that” 改写升级。

答案:1.Speaking of the adventure,the thrilling diving experience in Farne Island came into my mind first.

2.It was such an unforgettable and wonderful experience that I would never forget it.

Speaking of the adventure,the thrilling diving experience in Farne Island came into my mind first.It was such a wonderful experience that I would never forget it.

I was diving in the sea when a male seal appeared.At first I was astonished,but gradually I was fascinated by it.I thought it would hurt me,but it turned out that it was lovely and friendly.I was swimming happily with a group of seals surrounding me.I was so tired that I fell asleep when I was back on the beach.

Though I was tired,I still thought it was worth trying again.

早在600多年前的明朝,我国就有了郑和下西洋的壮举。假设你是郑和,请根据下列内容写一篇英文日志,叙述你的探险活动并发表你的看法。内容包括:

1.时间: 1405—1433年。

2.地点:在我的指挥下,船队从中国的东南沿海起航,穿越印度洋,最后到达非洲东海岸和红海沿岸。

3.意义:7次远洋探险展示了我国高超的造船技术,增进了我国和世界各国的友谊。

　　注意:写作词数应为80个左右,可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。

One possible version:

I am Zheng He,a Chinese adventurer,who is one of the greatest adventurers in human history.From 1405 to 1433,the Ming Dynasty,I made seven expeditions to the oceans.Under my command,we set sail from the Southeast Coast of China across the Indian Ocean and finally to the East Coast of Africa and the mouth of the Red Sea.

Due to my great achievements,the whole world came to realise advanced technology of Chinese people in building ships.Furthermore,China strengthened its friendship with other countries.I strongly recommend that students work harder for China’s future.

课时作业(十)　Unit 5　Part 2

Ⅰ.语境填词

1.The neighbourhood 　　　　(surround) with trees,which provide the residents with fine shade. 

2.I am fond of everything which 　　　　(relate) to classical music. 

3.We were astonished 　　　　(find) the building still in its original condition. 

4.He asked to speak to the person 　　　　 charge. 

5.Smoking is only 　　　　(permit) in the public lounge. 

6.Ed 　　　　(fascinate) to see monkeys in the wild. 

7.I was impressed by the 　　　　(deep) of her knowledge. 

答案:1.is surrounded　2.is related　3.to find　4.in　5.permitted　6.was fascinated

7.depth

Ⅱ.单句情境写作

1.It rained heavily,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(因此他上课迟到了). 

2.The scientist,along with his teammates,　　　　　　　　　　　　(被……包围着) many reporters. 

3.He talked 　　　　　　　　(好像) he had known all about it.　 

4.In front of the teaching building　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(矗立着许多美丽的树). 

5.How do you 　　　　　　　　(解释) the question that you have again made the same mistake in the exam? 

6.　　　　　　　　　　　　(回想起) the impression left on me,I always feel very sorry. 

7.Students　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(不被允许) leave school when severe sandstorms occur. 

答案:1.for which he was late for the class

2.was surrounded by　3.as if　4.stand many beautiful trees　5.account for

6.Looking back upon 7.are not permitted to

Ⅰ.阅读理解

Larry was on another of his underwater expeditions (探险),but this time,it was different.He decided to take his daughter along with him.She was only ten years old.This would be her first trip with her father on what he had always been famous for.

Larry first began diving when he was his daughter’s age.Similarly,his father had taken him along on one of his expeditions.Since then,he had never looked back.Larry started out by renting diving suits from the small diving shop just along the shore.He had hated them.They were either too big or too small.Then,there was the instructor.He gave him a short lesson before allowing him into the water with his father.He had made an exception.Larry would never have been able to go down without at least five hours of theory and another similar number of hours on practical lessons with a guide.Children of his age were not even allowed to dive.

After the first expedition,Larry’s later diving adventures got better and better.There was never a dull moment.In his black and blue suit and with an oxygen tank fastened on his back,Larry dived from boats into the middle of the ocean.Dangerous areas did not prevent him from continuing his search.Sometimes,he was limited to a cage underwater but that did not bother him.At least,he was still able to take photographs of the underwater creatures.

Larry’s first expedition without his father was in the Cayman Islands.There were numerous diving spots in the area and Larry was determined to visit all of them.Fortunately for him,a man offered to take him around the different spots for free.Larry didn’t even know what the time was,how many spots he dived into or how many photographs he had taken.The diving spots afforded such a wide array of fish and other sea creatures that Larry saw more than thirty varieties of creatures.

Larry looked at his daughter.She looked as excited as he had been when he was her age.He hoped she would be able to continue the family tradition.Already,she looked like she was much braver than Larry had been then.This was the key to a successful underwater expedition.

1.In what way was this expedition different for Larry?

A.His daughter had grown up.

B.He had become a famous diver.

C.His father would dive with him.

D.His daughter would dive with him.

2.What can be inferred from Paragraph 2?

A.Larry had some privileges.

B.Larry liked the rented diving suits.

C.Divers had to buy diving equipment.

D.Ten-year-old children were permitted to dive.

3.Why did Larry have to stay in a cage underwater sometimes?

A.To protect himself from danger.

B.To dive into the deep water.

C.To admire the underwater view.

D.To take photos more conveniently.

语篇导读:本文是一篇记叙文。Larry小时候接受了水下探险的理论和实践教育。在父亲的带领下,他开始了神奇的水下探险之旅,并不断地成长,最后成为一个有名的探险家。今天,他也要带着女儿进行水下探险,希望女儿能继承家中传统,成为一个优秀的水下探险者。文章有助于培养学生对水下探险运动的兴趣,激发学生的探索大自然和求知的欲望。

答案及剖析:

1.D　细节理解题。本题考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。 第一段第一、第二句“Larry was on another of his underwater expeditions,but this time,it was different.He decided to take his daughter along with him.”告诉我们,Larry再次进行水下探险,但这次的不同之处是,他决定带他女儿一起去。故选D。

2.A　推理判断题。本题考查学生根据文本具体信息进行推断归纳的能力。 从该段可知,本来像他这样年龄的小孩是不允许进行水下探险的,然而他是个例外,并且下水之前,他必须接受至少5小时的理论教育以及5小时以上的和老师一起下水的实践辅导。由此推测,A选项正确。

3.A　推理判断题。本题考查学生根据文本具体信息进行推断归纳的能力。根据常识可知,在深水中人待在笼子中以防危险的突发(如海洋动物的袭击)。故选A。

Ⅱ.完形填空

A friend of mine met with an accident driving in darkness.His legs were so hurt that he couldn’t move.What was the worst was he found himself unable to ask for help—his mobile phone went out of 　1　 as a result of exhausted battery.Nothing could be done but 　2　 in cold wilderness.It was 8 hours later that day broke,and then the 　3　 of the rescue. 

It was almost 　4　 that he could stand the horror in the darkness for so long.Even more surprising was his 　5　:“First of all I checked up my physical conditions and found myself not in mortal (致命的) danger.As there was no 　6　 to call for help,I leaned back in my seat trying my best to keep the wound from bleeding.In this way I dozed (打盹) off.” 

His story put an end to my regret for the 　7　 of an exploration adventure that happened last year.A group of young men tried to explore a mountain cave and got lost.　8　 to find a way out in the dark cave,they were frightened and ran anxiously without a sense of 　9　.Finally they fell dead in fear and exhaustion (筋疲力尽).According to the 　10　 people that found them,the place where they got lost was only about 20 metres away from the 　11　 of the cave.If they stayed on the spot when they lost their way and tried to 　12　 themselves,they would probably sense a faint light glimmering (闪烁) not far away. 

Don’t you think that you can compare it with 　13　 itself? When you meet with obstacles in life and work,you are lost in darkness.　14　 yourself it’s unclear yet and you needn’t put up struggle 　15　.It seems to be a negative attitude,but a person who can afford to do so must have foresight as well as a great courage in the first place. 

1.A.service　　　　　　B.way

C.order D.work

2.A.cry B.lie

C.wait D.sleep

3.A.delay B.success

C.team D.arrival

4.A.untrue B.unimaginable

C.true D.useless

5.A.plan B.decision

C.explanation D.excuse

6.A.method B.way

C.tools D.strength

7.A.loss B.failure

C.disappointment D.sadness

8.A.Willing B.Unable

C.Determined D.Deciding

9.A.hearing B.sight

C.feeling D.direction

10.A.rescue B.village

C.local D.brave

11.A.end B.top

C.opening D.side

12.A.save B.help

C.stop D.calm

13.A.adventure B.work

C.life D.mankind

14.A.Remind B.Watch

C.Imagine D.Warn

15.A.really B.immediately

C.carefully D.hopefully

语篇导读:本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过两个事例的对比,说明无论是在生活中还是在工作中,当人们处于困境或危急关头时,不轻举妄动、保持镇静是智慧和勇气的表现。文章有助于培养学生在探险中遇到紧急情况时,临危不乱、冷静自救的能力。

[文章脉络]

答案及剖析:

1.D　根据句意可知,因为电池电量用尽,手机不能用了。out of work意为“(机器等)有毛病”。故选D。

2.C　句意:除了等,别无选择。此处是固定句型nothing can be done but do,相当于have no choice but to do。从作者叙述朋友在深夜受伤,但非常镇静地等待(wait)救援这一事实可知,选C。

3.D　根据下文可知,作者的朋友最终获救了,因此此处应是救援队来到(arrival)了。

4.B　根据下文可知,朋友在那样的情况下竟然能够打个盹,作者认为这是令人无法想象的(unimaginable)。作者此处是在赞扬朋友在那样的情况下能如此镇静,其他选项不符合文义。

5.C　根据句意可知,朋友的解释(explanation)更让作者惊讶。

6.B　根据句意可知,朋友无法呼救。way意为“做事情的方式”,可用于指没有办法呼救。method多表示解决问题的具体“方法”。

7.B　根据下文可知,探险失败(failure)了。

8.B　根据下文这群年轻人乱作一团可知,他们不能(unable)找到出口。

9.D　根据这群年轻人迷路可知,他们乱跑一气,没有了方向(direction)感。

10.A　根据语境可知,发现那群年轻人失败真相的应是营救(rescue)人员。

11.C　根据下文“a faint light glimmering”可知,此处指的是“出口”,故用opening。

12.D　作者强调的是人们处于危急状况或困境时应保持镇静,故用calm。

13.C　根据下文可知,作者由上述两个事例联想到“生活”,life最具有概括性。

14.A　remind sb.意为“提醒某人”,符合语境。句意:处于迷茫状态时,你应该提醒自己情况还未明了,不要轻举妄动。

15.B　根据句意可知,作者希望人们在处于危急关头或困境时应保持镇静,不要轻举妄动,因此不必立即(immediately)去斗争。