高中英语外研版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 1 Food for thought导学案

Unit 2 Let’s celebrate! 导学案
Period 2 Using language

1、了解情态动词表示推测的基本用法,增强使用情态动词的意识,学会在真实语境中正确运用情态动词;

2、初步了解“黑色星期五”这一节日,拓展知识的广度；

3、总结归纳节日期间各种庆祝活动的相关表达,学会描述节日;

4、了解如何礼貌得体地发出邀请和接受邀请。

重点：

1、掌握情态动词表示推测的基本用法,能够在真实语境中正确运用情态动词;

2、理解“黑色星期五”这一节日,拓展知识的广度。

难点：

1、学会总结归纳节日期间各种庆祝活动的相关表达,学会描述节日;

2、能够礼貌得体地发出邀请和接受邀请。

一、课前预习

1、词汇积累（核心单词+重点短语）

A）  核心单词                                          B)重点短语

2、词语释义：

1._____________  to make someone interested in something so that they do it or come to see or hear it

2._____________  a light inside a transparent container with a handle for carrying it

3._____________  a man or youth

4._____________  to offer something such as a welcome, thanks or sympathy to someone

5._____________  sweet food that you eat after the main part of a meal

6._____________  a piece of cloth that you wear round your neck to keep warm

7._____________  a red piece of paper that is folded to contain money for best wishes

8._____________  balls of glutinous rice with different fillings inside

二、语法精讲

情态动词表推测的用法

（一）表示可能性的层次比较

(1)must用在肯定句中表示“推测”，意为“肯定，一定”，其否定形式为can't/couldn't。mustn't不表“推测”，而是表“禁止”，意为“绝不能；一定不要”。

①I am sure he _______ be tired after such a long journey.

我敢肯定经过这样一次长途旅行他肯定是累了。

②You ________ go out alone at night.

你绝不能晚上单独一个人出去。

(2)can/could可以用在否定句和疑问句中表示“推测”，在否定句中表“推测” 时意为“肯定不”。

He _______be Tom's father，for he wears a beard.

他肯定不是汤姆的爸爸，因为他留着胡子。

(3)may/might表示“推测” 时，意为“也许；大概；可能”，其肯定性不强，故经常和I'm not sure之类的短语连用。

He ______ arrive here on time，but I am not sure.

他也许能按时到达这里，不过我不敢肯定。

(4)should在表示“推测” 时，往往是一种主观上的推断，意为“按道理说，按道理讲”。

①We ______ arrive home before dark.

按说在天黑之前我们应该能到家。

②Although you________find bargains in London，it's not generally a cheap place to shop.

虽然在伦敦你有时能买到便宜的东西，但是总体上说伦敦不是一个购物便宜的地方。

③It ________be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exercise because you know a lot of words.   在这次练习中导致你出现这个问题的不可能是词汇，因为你认识很多单词。

④—________you interrupt now？Can't you see I'm on the phone?

—Sorry, Sir，but it's urgent.

——你非要现在打断我吗？难道你没看见我在打电话吗？

——很抱歉，先生，但是这件事情太紧急了。

（二）情态动词+have done 表示对过去发生的事情的推测

(1)must have done表示对过去已发生的事情进行肯定的推断，只用于肯定句中，意为“一定，必定”，其否定形式为can't/cannot have done。

(2)could have done表示本能够做某事，实际却没做。

(3)may/might have done表示对过去已发生的事情进行推断，意为“可能/或许已经……”。其否定形式为may/might not have done，意为“可能没有做……”。

(4)should/ought to have done表示本应该做某事，却没有做，含有责备或后悔之意。其否定形式为should not/ought not to have done，表示本不该做某事却做了。

(5)needn't have done表示本没有必要做某事却做了，多用于否定句中。

①—Sorry，Mum！I failed the job interview again.

—Oh，it's too bad.You ________ have made full preparations.

②I ________ have worried before I came to the new school，for my classmates here are very friendly to me.

③You________have interrupted the meeting to tell me that；you could have come to tell me afterwards.

④The children________(get)lost in the woods；otherwise，they would have been at the lakeside camp as scheduled.

Ⅰ.阅读下列句子,选出画线情态动词在句中的用法。

1. He could lift up a very big rock at the age of 10.

A. an order B. a request C. ability  D. possibility

2. Could you lend me your dictionary?

A. an order B a request C. ability  D. possibility

3. He couldn't have seen me last night. I stayed home all night.

A. an order B a request C. ability  D. possibility

4. You must finish your homework first.

A. an order B. a request C. ability  D. possibility

5. You mustn't touch the machine.

A. an order B a request C. ability  D. possibility

6. He must be waiting for us at the gate now. He must have told you about it yesterday.

A. an order B a request C. ability  D. possibility

7.-May I close the window?-Yes, you may.

A. an order B a request C. ability  D. possibility

8. He may be here today, but I am not sure.

A. an order B. a request C. ability  D. possibility

9. He may not have finished his homework.

A. an order B. a request C ability  D. possibility

Ⅱ.用恰当的情态动词或所给词的适当形式填空。

How to prevent pneumonia from new coronavirus infection?（怎样预防新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎？）

1. You m_______ contact with people from the source of ________(infect);

2. You h_________wear a mask when ______(go) out;

3. You _________wash hands before going home, touching animals, unclean objects, mouth, nose_____ eyes before meals;

4, You ________ go to crowded places, try ______(stay) at home;

5. You _________strengthen physical exercise to improve personal immunity.

Ⅲ.短文语法填空题

From the mass media and also with our eyes, we know much dishonest behavior 1______(exist) in our society. For example, businessmen sell fake products 2_____(cheat) their customers; students copy one another’s homework 3____ download improper paper from the Internet to cheat their teachers; and even worse, there are medical persons 4____ produce fake medicine harming the patients. Seeing our society is filled with so many dishonest phenomena, I can’t help 5______(ask) myself what’s wrong with us.

When we were very young we were taught the 6_______(important) of being honest. I am sure everyone must still remember that story “Wolf is coming”. In the story 7____ child kept cheating other people that wolf was coming, but when the wolf really came, nobody trusted his words and he 8______(final) suffered for his own dishonesty. Also we have heard many stories that people benefit 9______their virtues of honesty.

Since we have already known being honest benefits both 10______(our) and other people, why are many of us still dishonest? I hope everyone bears in mind that being honest is the basic quality of human being and then we won’t be afraid of any “wolf”.

参考答案：

一、课前预习

1、生词+短语

A) 略

B) 略

2、词语释义：1.attract;  2.lantern;  3.guy;  4.extend;  5.dessert;  6.scarf;  7.red envelope;  8.rice balls

二、语法精讲

（一）

(1)①must②mustn't

(2)can't

(3)might

(4) ①should; ②can;　③couldn't; ④Must　

（二）①should/ought to②needn't③shouldn't/oughtn't to④must have got　

课后巩固

Ⅰ、1-5:CBDAA; 6-10: DBDD

Ⅱ、1.mustn’t, infection;  2.had better, going;  3.ought to/should,and;  4.shouldn’t, to stay;  5.should/ought to/had better

Ⅲ、1.exists;2.to cheat;3.or ;4.who;5.asking;6.importance;7.the;8.finally;9.from;10.ourselves