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2021-2022学年河北省石家庄市2中高二下学期期中考试模拟英语试题含解析
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这是一份2021-2022学年河北省石家庄市2中高二下学期期中考试模拟英语试题含解析，共29页。试卷主要包含了 B等内容，欢迎下载使用。
石家庄二中高二年级期中模拟考
英语
（时间120分钟，满分150分）
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题自的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How was the weather last week?
A. Sunny. B. Cloudy. C. Rainy.
2. When will the man go home?
A. At 7：00. B. At 7：30. C. At 8：30
3. What will the woman do tonight?
A. See a play. B. Study for an exam. C. Relax with music.
4. Where does this conversation take place?
A. In a supermarket. B. In a restaurant. C. In a hotel. ml
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. An exhibition. B. A writer. C. A cartoon.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. What's the matter with the man now?
A. He's got a fever. B. He's got a stomachache. C. He's got a headache.
7. What does the woman remind the man to do?
A. Get enough rest. B. Eat properly. C. Drink much water.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What does the woman advise the man to do at first?
A. Ask for a raise. B. Find a well-paid job. C. Take out a loan.
9. Why is the man unwilling to ask his parents for money?
A. His parents have refused to help him.
B. He's borrowed much money from them.
C. He wants to solve the problem by himself.
10. How does the man feel in the end?
A. Grateful. om B. Concerned. C. Regretful.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What is the possible relationship between the speakers?
A. Clerk and customer. B. Hostess and guest. C. Witness and policeman.
12. What does the man suggest people do first to protect their homes?
A. Check the locks. B. Purchase a security door. C. Tell their neighbors.
13. What are the speakers doing?
A. Recording a program. B. Inspecting a case. C. Decorating a house.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. How do cats express satisfaction?
A. They move their heads forward
B. They sit with their tails wrapped.
C. They clean themselves with tongues.
15. Why do cats point their ears upwards and forward?
A. To read one's mind. B. To sort out things. C. To show curiosity.
16. What do dogs do to understand people?
A. Observe people's signs. B. Listen to people's voice. C. Watch people's eyes.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What kind of videos are the most popular?
A. Videos about animals. B. Videos about cooking. C. Videos about music.
18. How can beginners improve their videos?
A. By copying famous stars.
B. By consulting their friends.
C. By uploading at least 10 videos.
19. How often should you update your videos?
A. Twice a week. B. Every day. C. Every other month.
20. What's the purpose of the speaker?
A. To instruct. B. To advertise. C. To entertain.
第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
SEA Summer High School Programs 2022
Science at SEA
Science at SEA is a four-week program for rising high school juniors and seniors, as well as recent high school graduates, which focuses on the coastal and offshore marine environment around Cape Cod, Massachusetts. The program includes a shore component on the SEA campus in Woods Hole and a sea component aboard the Sailing School Vessel(SSV) Corwith Cramer.
July 21—August 13 Expense:$4,000
SEA Quest
SEA Quest is a two-week program that welcomes high school students and recent graduates. Participants will gain hands-on experience conducting field research, sailing at all ship, and understanding of the complexities of creating and managing marine reserves. They return home with a broader sense of the ocean's importance to our planet and the need to preserve this precious resource for future generations. Life here is fast-paced. No prior sailing experience is necessary. Strong desire to learn is required!
July 11—July 22 Expense:$3,200
SEA Cape
This three-week summer program at SEA offers current high school students the opportunity to study the marine environment from a variety of perspectives: scientific, historical, and literary. Participants live and study at our campus in Woods Hole, Massachusetts.
June 27 —July 14 Expense:$3,800
SEA Expedition
This two-week summer program for high school students, including graduating seniors, is centered on learning by doing. SEA Expedition is a multidisciplinary experience that welcomes students to participate in every aspect of a challenging offshore sailing and oceanographic expedition, and occurs entirely aboard the SSV Corwith Cramer. Life at sea is fast-paced and tough.
July 5—July 17 Expense:$3,500
1. Which program lasts the longest?
A. Science at SEA. B. SEA Quest. C. SEA Cape. D. SEA Expedition.
2. What is necessary for participants in SEA Quest?
A. Previous experience in sailing. B. Great eagerness to study the sea.
C. Ability to conduct scientific experiments. D. Knowledge of sea resources preservation.
3. What is special about SEA Expedition?
A. It offers opportunities of sailing. B. It entirely takes place on a ship.
C. It features many relaxing activities. D. It allows graduates to participate in.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个2022年SEA夏季高中项目。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Science at SEA部分中“July 21—August 13(7月21日至8月13日)”；SEA Quest部分中“July 11—July 22(7月11日至7月22日)”；SEA Cape部分中“June 27 —July 14(6月27日至7月14日)”以及SEA Expedition部分中“July 5—July 17(7月5日至7月17日)”可知，Science at SEA持续时间最长。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据SEA Quest部分中“Strong desire to learn is required!(需要有强烈的学习欲望)”可知，参加SEA任务需要非常渴望研究海洋。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“SEA Expedition is a multidisciplinary experience that welcomes students to participate in every aspect of a challenging offshore sailing and oceanographic expedition, and occurs entirely aboard the SSV Corwith Cramer. Life at sea is fast-paced and tough.(SEA探险是一个多学科的体验，欢迎学生参与一个具有挑战性的近海航行和海洋探险的每一个方面，并完全发生在SSV Corwith Cramer上。海上的生活节奏快而艰苦)”可知，SEA Expedition的特别之处是它完全发生在船上的。故选B。
B
Desperate to help his 96-year-old mother to speak her mother tongue again，Keith McDermott made an appeal on social media and was met with a flood of kind responses．The old lady，Ray，was moved to tears after talking on the phone with one of the enthusiastic respondents in Welsh．
Ray moved to America after meeting her husband when she was only 18，hence waving goodbye to her life in Wales．She continued to speak Welsh with her mum - keeping a little bit of home．But she lost her beloved mum four decades ago and hadn't spoken Welsh ever since．
Despite suffering from short-term memory loss and sometimes not remembering what she has done recently，Ray's childhood memories in Wales remain clear．“She wants to return but I know，given her age，such long-distance travel is out of the question．” said Keith，“Once she mentioned ‘I wish I could speak Welsh again but I suppose I never will．’ It was then that I thought I should make her wish happen．”
So Keith，70，posted on social media in the New York Welsh area asking for any Welsh speakers that could speak Welsh with his mum．And he was touched，as well as a little shocked，to receive over 30 responses within half an hour．Keith thanked everyone and eventually asked Melisa to give his mum a phone call．“Speaking with Melisa，her（Ray's）Welsh was a little rusty．A few more Welsh conversations and I think she'd be fluent again，” added Keith．
“When you have a parent in their nineties，you will find you two have something in common：you're both old，so I am very sympathetic to my mother's feelings of loneliness and isolation（孤立）．I'm feeling it myself．” Keith hopes to set up more Welsh phone conversations for his mum and Melisa has promised to send Ray some short stories in Welsh to remind her of her life in Wales．
4. Why did Keith post a message on social media？
A. To gather American Welsh speakers．
B. To help his mum speak Welsh again．
C. To slow down his mum's memory loss．
D. To track down his family's Welsh origin．
5. How did Keith feel after seeing the responses？
A. Surprised and moved． B. Concerned and thankful．
C. Sympathetic and excited． D. Astonished and isolated．
6. What is conveyed in the story？
A Social media contribute to closer family ties．
B. Mother tongue means more than a language．
C. Childhood experiences shape one's later life．
D. One will be more sensitive when getting older．
7. Where is the text probably taken from？
A. A community noticeboard．
B. A health magazine．
C. A language-learning website．
D. A local newspaper．
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一则新闻报道。这篇文章主要讲了Keith McDermott急切地想帮助96岁的母亲再次说母语，于是他在社交媒体上发出了呼吁，并得到了大量善意的回应。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Desperate to help his 96-year-old mother to speak her mother tongue again，Keith McDermott made an appeal on social media and was met with a flood of kind responses．”（Keith McDermott急切地想帮助96岁的母亲再次说母语，于是他在社交媒体上发出了呼吁，并得到了大量善意的回应 ）可知Keith在社交媒体上发信息是想帮他妈妈再次说威尔士语。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“So Keith，70，posted on social media in the New York Welsh area asking for any Welsh speakers that could speak Welsh with his mum．And he was touched，as well as a little shocked，to receive over 30 responses within half an hour．”（因此，70岁的Keith在纽约威尔士地区的社交媒体上发帖，寻找能和他母亲说威尔士语的人。 他被感动了，也有点震惊，在半小时内收到了30多份回复 ）可知Keith看到这些回应后，感觉吃惊又感动。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““When you have a parent in their nineties，you will find you two have something in common：you're both old，so I am very sympathetic to my mother's feelings of loneliness and isolation（孤立）．I'm feeling it myself．” Keith hopes to set up more Welsh phone conversations for his mum and Melisa has promised to send Ray some short stories in Welsh to remind her of her life in Wales．”（“当你的父母都90多岁时，你会发现你们有一些共同之处：你们都老了，所以我非常同情我母亲的孤独和孤立的感觉。 我自己也感觉到了。” Keith希望能为他的母亲接通更多的威尔士语电话，Melisa答应给Ray寄一些威尔士语短篇小说，让她回忆起在威尔士的生活）结合整篇文章内容，可知这篇文章主要讲了Keith McDermott急切地想帮助96岁的母亲再次说母语，于是他在社交媒体上发出了呼吁，并得到了大量善意的回应。由此传达了这样一个理念：母语不仅仅意味着一种语言，它是内心深处的一种细腻温暖的情感的体现。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据根据第一段“Desperate to help his 96-year-old mother to speak her mother tongue again，Keith McDermott made an appeal on social media and was met with a flood of kind responses．”（Keith McDermott急切地想帮助96岁的母亲再次说母语，于是他在社交媒体上发出了呼吁，并得到了大量善意的回应）结合整篇文章内容，可知这篇文章主要讲了Keith McDermott急切地想帮助96岁的母亲再次说母语，于是他在社交媒体上发出了呼吁，并得到了大量善意的回应。这是一则新闻报道，最可能出现在当地的一家报纸上。故选D。
C
Throughout history, many species of animals have been threatened with extinction. When Europeans first arrived in North America, more than 60 million buffalo (水牛) lived on the continent. Yet hunting the buffalo was so popular during the 19th century that by 1900 the animal’s population had fallen to about 400 before the government stepped in to protect the species. In some countries today, the elephant faces a similar challenge, as illegal hunters kill the animals for the ivory in their tusks.
Yet not all animals with commercial value face this threat (威胁).The cow, for example, is a valuable source of food, but no one worries that the cow will soon be extinct. Why does the commercial value of ivory threaten the elephant. while the commercial value of beef protects the cow?
The reason is that elephants are a common resource, while cows are private goods. Elephants wander freely without any owners. The hunter has a strong motivation to kill as many elephants as he can find. Because illegal hunters are numerous, each has only a slight motivation to preserve the elephant population. By contrast, cattle live on farms that are privately owned. Each farmer makes great effort to maintain the cattle population on his farm because he harvests the benefit of these efforts.
Governments have tried to solve the elephant’s problem in two ways. Some countries, such as Kenya and Uganda, have made it illegal to kill elephants and sell their ivory. Yet these laws have been hard to put into effect, and elephant populations have continued to dwindle. By contrast, other countries, such as Malawi and Namibia, have made elephants private goods and allowed people to kill elephants, but only those on their own property.
With private ownership and the profit motive now on its side, the African elephant might someday be as safe from extinction as the cow. The ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle pointed out the problem with common resources: “What is common to many is taken least care of, for all men have greater regard for what is their own than for what they possess in common with others.”
8. Why does the author mention buffalo in paragraph 1?
A. To introduce a similar threat to elephants.
B. To provide an example of species extinction.
C. To offer an explanation for government policies.
D. To present the statistics of the buffalo in America.
9. Why do elephants face threats while cows are safe?
A. They are under different law protection
B. They attract different groups of hunters
C. They contain different commercial value
D. They represent different ownership types
10. What is paragraph 4 mainly about?
A. Bans on killing elephants for ivory
B. Effective laws for elephant protection.
C. Methods of making elephants private goods
D. Government policies on the elephant’s problem
11. What can we learn from Aristotle’s words?
A. People hold little regard for others’ property
B. People want to profit from common resources
C. People care more about their own possession
D. People tend to take what they own for granted
【答案】8 A 9. D 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章通过谈论作为公共资源的大象濒临灭绝，而作为私有财产的饲养牛却能安全生存，说明了人们对私有财产比公共资源更加关心的现象。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Yet hunting the buffalo was so popular during the 19th century that by 1900 the animal’s population had fallen to about 400 before the government stepped in to protect the species. In some countries today, the elephant faces a similar challenge, as illegal hunters kill the animals for the ivory in their tusks. (然而，狩猎水牛在19世纪是如此流行，以至于到了1900年，野牛的数量已经下降到大约400只，直到政府介入保护这个物种。今天在一些国家，大象也面临着类似的挑战，因为非法捕猎者为了获取象牙而捕杀这种动物。)”可知，作者之所以提到水牛，是为了介绍大象所面临的类似威胁。故选A项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“The reason is that elephants are a common resource, while cows are private goods. (原因是大象是一种公共资源，而牛是私人物品。)”和“Elephants wander freely without any owners. The hunter has a strong motivation to kill as many elephants as he can find. (大象在没有主人的情况下自由走动。猎人有强烈的动机去杀死尽可能多的大象。)” 及“By contrast, cattle live on farms that are privately owned. Each farmer makes great effort to maintain the cattle population on his farm because he harvests the benefit of these efforts. (相比之下，牛生活在私人拥有的农场上。每个农场主都在努力维持农场的牲畜数量，因为他们收获了这些努力的成果。)”可知，之所以大象面临威胁，而奶牛是安全的，是因为它们各自代表着不同的所有权类型。故选D项。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段中“Governments have tried to solve the elephant’s problem in two ways. Some countries, such as Kenya and Uganda, have made it illegal to kill elephants and sell their ivory. (各国政府试图通过两种方式来解决大象的问题。一些国家，如肯尼亚和乌干达，已经将猎杀大象和出售象牙定为非法行为。)”以及“By contrast, other countries, such as Malawi and Namibia, have made elephants private goods and allowed people to kill elephants, but only those on their own property. (相比之下，其他国家，如马拉维和纳米比亚，则把大象当作私人物品，允许人们猎杀大象，但仅限于在他们自己的领地上。)”可知，第四段通过举例说明各国政府对大象的政策。故选D项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中Aristotle所说“What is common to many is taken least care of, for all men have greater regard for what is their own than for what they possess in common with others. (对大多数人来说共同的东西最不被重视，因为所有人都更关心自己的东西，而不是他们与他人共同拥有的东西。)”可以推知，人们更关心自己的财产。故选C项。
D
If someone created a flying machine capable of tracking you down by listening for your voice, you might be terrified. But what if you were trapped in ruins after a natural disaster and first responders couldn’t locate you? Maybe then a human-seeking drone wouldn’t be such a terrible idea. That concept is the focus for engineers at Germany’s Fraunhofer FKIE Institute, who’ve built a drone to find people by detecting human screams.
“The human-seeking drone would be ideal for post-disaster situations, such as earthquakes, hurricanes and wildfires,” said Macarena Varela, one of the lead engineers. “They could hover over an area that rescue crews have difficulty getting to and locate exactly where people may be trapped.”
Locating people by sound presents its share of challenges. An auditory system would need to distinguish human cries from sounds that often happen in nature, such as animal calls and wind. It might also need to recognize patterns associated with kicking, clapping or other ways people try to get the attention of rescue teams.
Engineers took those situations into account when building out their concept drone. They recorded themselves screaming, tapping and creating other noises that might be a sign of people in trouble. Then, they analyzed each sound frequency to find common signatures and used those to train artificial intelligence software. They also worked to remove the noise created by the drone and other environmental sounds.
Once the software part was complete, the team placed tiny digital microphones under the drone and used signal processing techniques that enabled them to track where human noises are coming from. The microphones also enhanced the volume and clarity of the speech. So far, they have conducted successful open field experiments, finding that the drone can estimate a victim’s location within a few seconds of picking up sound.
Next, they would like to add a higher frequency microphone to a drone to acquire more audio sound signals. The idea is to pick up noises from hundreds of meters away, Varela said. In the real world, victim’s location data might one day be sent wirelessly to emergency crews carrying a tablet.
12. What is the advantage of the human-seeking drone?
A. Its high speed of flying. B. Its long working hours.
C. Its quick response to screams. D. Its easy access to disaster scene.
13. What can the auditory system do?
A. Recognize human cries. B. Pick up sounds from far away.
C. Send victim’s location data to a tablet. D. Improve the quality of human screams.
14. What does the underlined word “signatures” in paragraph 4 refer to?
A. Effects. B. Symbols. C. Features. D. Situations.
15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. AI Enables Drones to Give Better Performance
B. Human-seeking Drones Replace Rescue Crews
C. Engineers Teach Drones to Hunt Human Screams
D. Rescuers Use Drones to Locate Disaster Survivors
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. C 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了工程师制造了一种通过探测人的尖叫来寻找人的无人机，介绍了其优势以及工作原理等情况。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“They could hover over an area that rescue crews have difficulty getting to and locate exactly where people may be trapped. (他们可以在救援人员难以到达的区域上空盘旋，并准确定位人们可能被困的地方)”可知，这种寻人无人机的优势是比较容易进入到灾难发生地。故选D。易错选项为C；在倒数第二段中“So far, they have conducted successful open field experiments, finding that the drone can estimate a victim’s location within a few seconds of picking up sound.(到目前为止，他们已经进行了成功的野外实验，发现无人机可以在收到声音的几秒钟内估计出受害者的位置)” 可知，无人机在收取到声音之后可以快速做出反应，而不是对所有尖叫声都能做出反应。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“An auditory system would need to distinguish human cries from sounds that often happen in nature, such as animal calls and wind.(听觉系统需要将人类的哭声与自然界经常发生的声音（如动物的叫声和风声）区分开来)”可知，听觉系统能识别人的哭声。故选A。
【14题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Then, they analyzed each sound frequency to find common (然后，他们分析了每个声音频率，以找到共同点)”以及后文“and used those to train artificial intelligence software (并用这些来训练人工智能软件)”可知，然后，他们分析每个声音频率，以找到共同的特征，并使用这些特征来训练人工智能软件，故画线词意思是“特征”。A. Effects影响；B. Symbols象征；C. Features特征；D. Situations情况。故选C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“If someone created a flying machine capable of tracking you down by listening for your voice, you might be terrified. But what if you were trapped in ruins after a natural disaster and first responders couldn't locate you? Maybe then a human-seeking drone wouldn't be such a terrible idea. That concept is the focus for engineers at Germany’s Fraunhofer FKIE Institute, who've built a drone to find people by detecting human screams.(如果有人发明了一种能通过倾听你的声音来追踪你的飞行器，你可能会感到害怕。但如果你在一场自然灾害后被困在废墟中，而急救人员无法找到你呢？也许到那时，人类搜索无人机就不会是一个糟糕的主意了。这个概念是德国弗劳恩霍夫FKIE研究所的工程师们关注的焦点，他们已经制造了一种通过探测人的尖叫来寻找人的无人机)”结合文章主要说明了工程师制造了一种通过探测人的尖叫来寻找人的无人机，介绍了其优势以及工作原理等情况。可知，C选项“工程师教无人机捕捉人类的尖叫声”最符合文章标题。故选C。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Technology is here to stay. ___16___. However, they are often unsure on how to help children use technology responsibly and keep a balance between online and offline time. Here are some tips.
Have a device contract
Having a device usage contract allows parents and children to work through what responsible technology usage looks like in your family and ensure that everyone is aware. ___17___. Kids are more likely to make sense of the reasons you have for restriction.
___18___
Although this tip seems like common sense, it is often difficult due to the demand of work and the expectation of being constantly connected. By ensuring you build offline time into your own day and communicate that with your children, they will see the value and benefits. Whether you are reading a book or just taking a walk, letting your children be aware of your offline actions will encourage them to do the same!
Encourage non-tech activities
One great way to keep kids off their screens is to ensure that they have other activities to fill their time. ___19___. These activities are also great ways to help children to develop their social skills and confidence.
Tech-free family time
Once a week, pencil-in a “tech-free family time” in your schedule. It can be a meal or trip. To help increase the success of outings, try designing special activities, i. e., going to the beach to build a sand castle that looks the same as a photo you have found online. ___20___
A. Model good technology use
B. Communicate with children
C. A little extra planning goes a long way
D. The contract is helpful to the settlement of conflicts
E. Parents are seeing more technology in their homes and jobs
F. Also, drafting the contract together promotes understanding
G. This can come in a variety of forms: soccer, fencing and more
【答案】16. E 17. F 18. A 19. G 20. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者就家长如何帮助孩子负责任地使用技术，并在在线和离线时间之间保持平衡，提了几个建议。
【16题详解】
本段小标题“Technology is here to stay.”提到了技术无处不在。下文中的“However, they are often unsure on how to help children use technology responsibly and keep a balance between online and offline time.(然而，他们往往不确定如何帮助孩子负责任地使用技术，并在在线和离线时间之间保持平衡)”提到家长们不确定如何帮孩子，E选项“Parents are seeing more technology in their homes and jobs(家长们在家里和工作上看到更多的技术)”和下文一致，并且“Parents”和下文中的“they”是一致的。故选E。
【17题详解】
本段小标题是“Have a device contract(签订设备合同)”，上文“Having a device usage contract allows parents and children to work through what responsible technology usage looks like in your family and ensure that everyone is aware.(签订设备使用合同可以让父母和孩子了解家庭中负责任的技术使用情况，并确保每个人都知道)”是签订合同的好处之一。F选项“Also, drafting the contract together promotes understanding(此外，共同起草合同可以促进理解)”和上文是递进关系，意思上一致。故选F项。
【18题详解】
下文中的“By ensuring you build offline time into your own day and communicate that with your children, they will see the value and benefits. Whether you are reading a book or just taking a walk, letting your children be aware of your offline actions will encourage them to do the same!(通过确保你将离线时间融入自己的一天，并与你的孩子沟通，他们将看到其价值和好处。无论你是在看书还是只是散步，让你的孩子知道你的离线行为都会鼓励他们也这么做！)”可知，本段是在说父母给孩子展示技术在工作和生活中的应用。A选项“Model good technology use(示范良好的技术使用)”能概括本段，作为小标题。故选A项。
【19题详解】
本段小标题是“Encourage non-tech activities(鼓励非科技活动)”，上文“One great way to keep kids off their screens is to ensure that they have other activities to fill their time.(让孩子远离屏幕的一个好方法是确保他们有其他活动来打发时间)”提到让孩子远离屏幕的活动，G选项“This can come in a variety of forms: soccer, fencing and more(这可以有多种形式：足球，击剑和更多)”是一些具体的例子，意思和前文一致。故选G项。
【20题详解】
本段小标题是“Tech-free family time(无科技家庭时间)”，前文“To help increase the success of outings, try designing special activities, i. e., going to the beach to build a sand castle that looks the same as a photo you have found online.(为了提高郊游的成功率，可以尝试设计一些特别的活动，比如去海滩建造一座看起来和你在网上找到的照片一样的沙堡)”是说明在无科技家庭时间中父母的一些计划安排。C选项“A little extra planning goes a long way(一点额外的计划会大有帮助)”符合语境。故选C项。
第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In the sport of track and field, athletes compete not only with one another but against themselves to achieve a new personal best. Aiming to ___21___ his own record, Cerveny pushed himself hard. However, his legs cramped(抽筋)and ___22___ him with only 200 meters to go. Determined to ___23___, Cerveny rose from the ground and continued on, only to fall again after another 50 meters.
___24___, his coach asked Cerveny if he wanted to stop. He didn't. With great ___25___ Cerveny pulled himself up and with a(n) ___26___ pace, moved forward for one final push. ___27___, it wasn't enough. 100 meters from the finish line, his legs simply ___28___ .
Before his coach could ___29___ him, another runner- Brandon-was at his side to help. His first attempt to get Cerveny up failed, but he ___30___ to quit too. With a second pull, Cerveny was ___31___. At a measured jog, the two completed the final 100 meters of the course, with Cerveny holding Brandon for ___32___ Brandon even made sure Cerveny crossed the finish line first,securing his___33___a faster time
In today’s ___34___ world in which the emphasis in athletics is so often put on breaking records, it was ___35___ to see that for an athlete like Brandon, the value of true sportsmanship still had legs.
21. A. play B. beat C. check D. measure
22. A. failed B. warned C. dragged D. raised
23. A. rest B. win C. leave D. finish
24. A. Relieved B. Exhausted C. Concerned D. Disappointed
25. A. luck B. effort C. passion D. respect
26. A. rapid B. relaxed C. unsteady D. impatient
27. A. Normally B. Eventually C. Unbelievably D. Unfortunately
28. A. gave out B. broke up C. fell down D. slowed down
29. A. guide B. reach C. serve D. blame
30. A. refused B. hesitated C. regretted D. pretended
31. A. in his hand B. out of breath C. on his feet D. out of danger
32. A. direction B. support C. courage D. comfort
33. A. assistant B. teammate C. follower D. opponent
34. A. diverse B. well-developed C. competitive D. ever-changing
35. A. urgent B. common C. confusing D. inspiring
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲述了跑步运动员Cerveny在赛场上因腿抽筋导致腿部无力而两次摔倒，另一个运动员Brandon经过时伸出援手，帮助了他。作者认为在当今这个竞争激烈的世界，人们通常把重点放在打破纪录上，看到像Brandon这样的运动员，真正的体育精神的价值仍然存在，这是令人鼓舞的。
21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了打破自己的记录，Cerveny对自己要求很高。A.play播放；B.beat赛过，胜过；C.check检查；D.measure措施。根据前一句“In the sport of track and field, athletes compete not only with one another but against themselves to achieve a new personal best.(在田径运动中，运动员不仅相互竞争，而且还要与自己竞争以达到个人的最高水平。)”可知，Cerveny对自己要求很高，要与自己竞争以达到最高水平，beat a record，意为“打破纪录”，此处指Cerveny打破自己过去创下的记录。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，他的腿抽筋了，在只剩下200米的时候，他摔倒了。A.failed失败；B.warned警告；C. dragged拖；D.raised 举起，提高。动词短语fail sb意为“使某人失望；有负于某人；某人无能为力”，此处指Cerveny腿抽筋，无法支撑他，他摔倒了。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Cerveny下定决心要完成比赛，他从地面上爬起来，继续前进，但又爬了50米后又倒了下去。A.rest休息；B.win赢；C.leave离开；D.finish完成。根据本句中“rose from the ground and continued on”可知，Cerveny还想往前，不能打破纪录，但必须完成比赛。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的教练很担心地问他是否想停下来。A.Relieved解脱；B.Exhausted筋疲力尽；C.Concerned关心；D.Disappointed失望。根据语境，自己队的参赛选手身体出了状况，教练肯定会担心。Concerned符合语境，故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Cerveny吃力地使自己站起来，然后步履不稳，向前做最后的冲刺。A.luck运气；B.effort努力；C.passion激情；D.respect尊重。根据语境，Cerveny的腿抽筋，站着很费力，短语with great effort，意为“吃力地，经过巨大的努力”。故需B项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Cerveny吃力地使自己站起来，然后步履不稳，向前做最后冲刺。A.rapid快速；B.relaxed放松；C.unsteady不稳定；D.impatient急躁。上文“With great 6 Cerveny pulled himself up(Cerveny吃力地使自己站起来)”可知，Cerveny的腿抽筋了，站起来都很费力，冲刺的话，脚步肯定不稳定，踉踉跄跄的。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，这还不够。A.Normally通常；B.Eventually最终；C.Unbelievably令人难以置信的；D.Unfortunately不幸地。根据下文“100 meters from the finish line, his legs simply 8 .(在离终点线100米的时候，他的双腿已经无力支撑。)”可知，Cerveny尽管努力了，但是离终点线还有一段距离，Unfortunately符合语境。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：在离终点线100米的时候，他的双腿已经无力支撑。A.gave out精疲力竭；B.broke up分手，分解；C.fell down倒下；D.slowed down减速。根据上文“However, his legs cramped (抽筋) and 2 him with only 200 meters to go.(然而，他的腿抽筋了，在只剩下200米的时候，他摔倒了)”可知，Cerveny在还剩200米处腿抽筋的情况下，还往前跑了100米，可推知，此时此刻，他的双腿已精疲力竭。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的教练还没来得及赶到，另一个跑步者Brandon已经在他身边帮忙了。A.guide引导；B.reach到达；C.serve服务；D.blame责怪。根据后半句的at his side to help，可知，教练没有Brandon跑得快，没能第一时间到达倒下的Cerveny身边。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他第一次把 Cerveny拉起来的尝试失败了，但他也拒绝放弃。A.refused拒绝；B.hesitated犹豫；C.regretted后悔；D.pretended假装。根据后一句“With a second pull, Cerveny was 11 .(又拉了一下， Cerveny站了起来)”可知，尽管第一次没有把 Cerveny从地上拉起来，第二次成功了，故可推知，Brandon拒绝放弃。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：又拉了一下， Cerveny站了起来。A.in his hand在他手里；B.out of breath喘不过气来；C.on his feet站起来；D.out of danger危险。根据语境，“With a second pull”, Brandon拉起了倒下的Cerveny，使他站起来。on his feet符合语境，故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在Cerveny扶着Brandon作支撑，两人缓慢地跑完了最后的100米。A.direction方向；B.support支持；C.courage勇气；D.comfort安慰。根据语境，腿部抽筋导致步履踉跄的Cerveny还能跑完最后的一段距离，得到了Brandon的支撑。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Brandon甚至确保Cerveny第一个冲过终点线，保证对手的速度更快一点。A.assistant助理；B.teammate队友；C.follower跟随者；D.opponent对手。根据上文“Aiming to 1 his own record, Cerveny pushed himself hard.(为了打破自己的记录，Cerveny对自己要求很高。)”可知，Cerveny是一个优秀的运动员，本想在这次比赛中打破自己的纪录，在比赛中，他和Brandon为对手。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在当今这个竞争激烈的世界里，体育运动的重点经常放在打破纪录上，看到像Brandon这样的运动员，真正的体育精神的价值仍然存在，这令人鼓舞。A.diverse多样的；B.well-developed发展良好的；C.competitive竞争激烈的；D.ever-changing不断变化。根据第一段的第一句“In the sport of track and field, athletes compete not only with one another but against themselves to achieve a new personal best.(在田径运动中，运动员不仅相互竞争，而且还要与自己竞争以达到个人的最高水平)”可知，运动中，竞争很激烈，可推知，整个世界也是竞争激烈的，故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在当今这个竞争激烈的世界里，体育运动的重点经常放在打破纪录上，看到像Brandon这样的运动员，真正的体育精神的价值仍然存在，这令人鼓舞。A.urgent紧急的；B.common常见的；C.confusing困惑的；D.inspiring鼓舞人心的。根据前文Brandon帮助Cerveny一起冲刺跑完最后100米可知，他们两人体现出了真正的体育精神所在，令人鼓舞。故选D项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When was the last time you visited a museum in which almost every collection could be touched? American lawyer Mitch Dudek built a private museum ___36___ visitors can have direct contact with all the exhibits on display in the ancient city of Suzhou.
The museum ___37___ (name)Six Arts because it is about the six senses and stimulating all of your senses. You can touch things. You can smell things. It's different from other museums. Founded in 2018, the four-storey museum now ___38___(house)more than 40,000 Chinese antiques dating back to the Ming and Qing dynasties(1368-1911)，with another 60,000 items ___39___ (store)in warehouses(仓库).
Having never seen or used such items in his own country, Dudek is filled ___40___strong admiration of the delicate designs and complicated carvings of these old items. “I think they are just beautiful, and I should collect them,” said Dudek, ___41___ (add) that these items may be ignored once ___42___ (random) packed in the warehouses, but they could shine again through restoration.
“As more and more Chinese understand and offer me some of their old ___43___(belong),collections in the museum have become more varied and abundant. Now I plan to invite scholars and craftsmen to discover more ___44___(culture)and historical stories behind them," he said.
“The collections not only help revisit old times but also present ____45____ sense of beauty,” said Xu Yun, a visitor from Shanghai.
【答案】36. where
37. is named
38. houses 39. stored
40. with 41. adding
42. randomly
43. belongings
44. cultural
45. a
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是美国律师米奇杜德克(Mitch Dudek)建造了一座私人博物馆，游客可以直接接触到古城苏州的所有展品。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：美国律师米奇杜德克(Mitch Dudek)建造了一座私人博物馆，游客可以直接接触到古城苏州的所有展品。分析句子可知，空处引导的是限制性定语从句，先行词为 museum，在从句中作地点状语，所以应填关系副词where。故填where。
【37题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：这个博物馆被命名为“六艺”，因为它是关于六种感官，并刺激你所有的感官。根据because从句的时态可知，本句应用一般现在时。name作谓语动词用，表示“命名”，与主语The museum 之间为被动关系，且主语为单数，所以应填is named。故填is named。
【38题详解】
考查主谓一致。句意：这座四层的博物馆建于2018年，现在收藏了4万多件明清时期(1368-1911年)的中国古董，另有6万件物品存放在仓库中。分析句子可知，时间状语是now，所以空位应用谓语动词的一般现在时houses，与主语the four-storey museum保持单数一致，表示“收藏”。故填houses。
【39题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：这座四层的博物馆建于2018年，现在收藏了4万多件明清时期(1368-1911年)的中国古董，另有6万件物品存放在仓库中。分析句子可知，空处为with复合结构中的宾补，应用动词的过去分词形式stored，表示与宾语items之间的被动关系。故填stored。
【40题详解】
考查介词和固定搭配。句意：杜德克在自己的国家从未见过或使用过这些物品，他对这些古老物品的精致设计和复杂雕刻充满了强烈的钦佩。根据句意可知，空处应填介词with，与is fill构成固定搭配，表示“充满了……”。故填with。
【41题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：他补充说，这些物品在仓库里随意包装时可能会被忽视，但通过修复它们可以重新焕发光彩。分析句子可知，句子已有谓语，所以空处应用非谓语动词形式，又因与其逻辑主语Dudek之间为主动关系，所以应填其现在分词形式adding表主动。故填adding。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：他补充说，这些物品在仓库里随意包装时可能会被忽视，但通过修复它们可以重新焕发光彩。分析句子可知，空处应填副词形式randomly修饰动词packed，表示“随意地”。故填randomly。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：随着越来越多的中国人了解并提供给我一些他们的旧物品，博物馆的藏品变得更加多样化和丰富。分析句子且根据句意可知，空处应用名词形式belongings，表示“物品，所属物”，被形容词 old修饰。故填belongings。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：现在我计划邀请学者和工匠来发掘他们背后更多的文化和历史故事。根据空后and historical 可知，空处应填形容词形式cultural作定语，与之并列，修饰名词stories ，表示“文化的”。故填cultural。
【45题详解】
考查不定冠词。句意：这些藏品不仅有助于重温旧日时光，还展现出一种美感。分析句子可知，a sense of为固定搭配，表示“……感”。故填a。
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，暑假在伦敦学习，得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展。请写一封信申请做志愿者，内容包括：
1.写信目的；
2.个人优势；
3.能做的事情。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.开头及结束语已写好。
Dear Sir/Madam,
I’m Li Hua, an exchange student from China during this summer vacation.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I’d appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration.
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Sir/Madam,
I’m Li Hua, an exchange student from China during this summer vacation. I’m delighted to learn that volunteers are wanted for a Chinese painting exhibition to be held. Being a volunteer has been my dream, so I’m writing to apply for the position.
The reasons are as follows. First, I can speak English and Chinese fluently. So it is easy for me to communicate with foreigns and Chinese. Second, being a monitor makes me a brilliant organizer, which will help to keep the exhibition in order. Besides, it is my related knowledge that will help serve the visitors better. All in all, my sense of responsibility will make me a qualified volunteer.
I’d appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给暑假期间即将举办中国画展的伦敦当地的美术馆写一封信，申请做志愿者，内容包括：写信目的；个人优势；能做的事情。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：delighted→glad/happy/pleased
展览：exhibition→display/show
此外：Besides→In addition
相关的：related→concerned
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：First, I can speak English and Chinese fluently. So it is easy for me to communicate with foreigns and Chinese.
拓展句：First, I can speak English and Chinese fluently, which make it easy for me to communicate with foreigns and Chinese.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Second, being a monitor makes me a brilliant organizer, which will help to keep the exhibition in order. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Besides, it is my related knowledge that will help serve the visitors better. (运用了强调句)
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
On a Sunday afternoon, Kiana French was having fun fishing with her father and younger sister, not knowing the next minute, they would struggle not to sink in the freezing water. Their 12-foot boat was taking in water little by little, and the wind was picking up. Her father, Gary French, hurried to operate the engine, while Kiana,16, was in the middle with Cierrah, her sister, frightened but still able to keep calm.
Kiana asked Cierrah to take off one of her cowboy boots, with which she got some of the water out. Hard as she tried, that little effort would not help stop the boat sinking. Moments later, the unthinkable happened. The boat was full of water and then it flipped over. Kiana and her sister were dumped in the water. Their father, who had had a surgery six months ago, managed not to be thrown into the water but seemed to have great pain in the chest due to the sudden change.
Kiana quickly put on her life jacket and saw Cierrah’s and her father’s life jackets floating away. She reacted quickly to get them back and held her sister onto the boat. They were so far out in the middle of the lake that they could not see the shore clearly. What’s worse.it was getting harder to stay above the waves. Their father swam over and hugged his two girls. Cierrah crying silently. Kiana heard her beloved sister murmur, “I can’t feel my feet.”
Kiana knew the only thing to do was to get to shore herself and find help. She looked up at her father, exchanging a concerned glance, turned round and swam as hard as she could towards the shore
Fighting against the strong currents and cold wind, she screamed for help at the top of her lungs every three minutes or so. A strong wind blew, and she looked back only to see her sister’s and father’s heads bobbing(浮动)in the water. She burst into tears, thinking her sister and dad were dead, because she was taking too long.
注意:1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
With desperate tears, she suddenly spotted a boat with a figure walking on it
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Once rescued, they were rushed to shore, where a concerned group waited for their arrival.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】With desperate tears, she suddenly spotted a boat with a figure walking on it. She waved and cried for help with all her strength. It seemed like a century later when she heard someone yelling back to her. As the boat was approaching, Kiana pointed to her father and sister and someone screamed, “They are in the water! Help!” She was soon picked up and taken towards where her father and sister were. Fortunately, they didn’t drown but her father seemed to be giving out, with one hand holding tight to the boat. the other holding Cierrah.
Once rescued, they were rushed to shore, where a concerned group waited for their arrival. They gave clothes and blankets to the three poor people, and then the ambulance arrived. Kiana, her sister and her father were cheeked on the spot and finally sent to the nearest hospital. Later, when asked what gave her the strength and perseverance to continue. both in the cold water and in great fear. Kiana thought it had to do with family. “I just wanted to save my family, and I didn’t want anything bad to happen to them. So I couldn’t spare a second to worry or fear.” she said.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲诉了一个周日的下午，16岁的Kiana French和她的父亲和妹妹乘船在湖心钓鱼，岂料船居然进水并翻了；考虑到父亲6个月前做过手术，妹妹还小，Kiana决定自己游回岸边去寻求帮助；在她以为妹妹和父亲都被淹死了而绝望的时候，她发现了一艘来船，对方救了他们一家三口，三人被送往医院，是Kiana对家人的爱，使一家人得以生还。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“在绝望的泪水中，她突然看到了一艘船，上面走着一个人影”可知，第一段可描写Kiana呼救，对方发现有落水者，把他们逐个就上船。
②由第二段首句内容“获救后，他们被紧急送到岸边，一群关心他们的人在那里等着他们的到来。”可知，第二段可描写热心人帮助人他们三人，被叫了救护车，送他们去医院，以及事后，Kiana对自己的行为的感悟。
2.续写线索：发现来船——获救上船——救援家人——岸边得助——前往医院——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①呼喊：cry/yell out
②.靠近：approach/come close
③.救援： save/rescue
情绪类
①.绝望的：desperate/despairing/hopeless
②.害怕：fear/scare
【点睛】[高分句型1]. She was soon picked up and taken towards where her father and sister were. （运用了由连接词where引导的地点状语从句）
[高分句型2].Once rescued, they were rushed to shore, where a concerned group waited for their arrival. （运用了时间状语从句中主语和be动词的省略，由关系副词where引导非限制性定语从句）
石家庄二中高二年级期中模拟考
英语
（时间120分钟，满分150分）
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题自的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How was the weather last week?
A. Sunny. B. Cloudy. C. Rainy.
2. When will the man go home?
A. At 7：00. B. At 7：30. C. At 8：30
3. What will the woman do tonight?
A. See a play. B. Study for an exam. C. Relax with music.
4. Where does this conversation take place?
A. In a supermarket. B. In a restaurant. C. In a hotel. ml
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. An exhibition. B. A writer. C. A cartoon.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. What's the matter with the man now?
A. He's got a fever. B. He's got a stomachache. C. He's got a headache.
7. What does the woman remind the man to do?
A. Get enough rest. B. Eat properly. C. Drink much water.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What does the woman advise the man to do at first?
A. Ask for a raise. B. Find a well-paid job. C. Take out a loan.
9. Why is the man unwilling to ask his parents for money?
A. His parents have refused to help him.
B. He's borrowed much money from them.
C. He wants to solve the problem by himself.
10. How does the man feel in the end?
A. Grateful. om B. Concerned. C. Regretful.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What is the possible relationship between the speakers?
A. Clerk and customer. B. Hostess and guest. C. Witness and policeman.
12. What does the man suggest people do first to protect their homes?
A. Check the locks. B. Purchase a security door. C. Tell their neighbors.
13. What are the speakers doing?
A. Recording a program. B. Inspecting a case. C. Decorating a house.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. How do cats express satisfaction?
A. They move their heads forward
B. They sit with their tails wrapped.
C. They clean themselves with tongues.
15. Why do cats point their ears upwards and forward?
A. To read one's mind. B. To sort out things. C. To show curiosity.
16. What do dogs do to understand people?
A. Observe people's signs. B. Listen to people's voice. C. Watch people's eyes.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What kind of videos are the most popular?
A. Videos about animals. B. Videos about cooking. C. Videos about music.
18. How can beginners improve their videos?
A. By copying famous stars.
B. By consulting their friends.
C. By uploading at least 10 videos.
19. How often should you update your videos?
A. Twice a week. B. Every day. C. Every other month.
20. What's the purpose of the speaker?
A. To instruct. B. To advertise. C. To entertain.
第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
SEA Summer High School Programs 2022
Science at SEA
Science at SEA is a four-week program for rising high school juniors and seniors, as well as recent high school graduates, which focuses on the coastal and offshore marine environment around Cape Cod, Massachusetts. The program includes a shore component on the SEA campus in Woods Hole and a sea component aboard the Sailing School Vessel(SSV) Corwith Cramer.
July 21—August 13 Expense:$4,000
SEA Quest
SEA Quest is a two-week program that welcomes high school students and recent graduates. Participants will gain hands-on experience conducting field research, sailing at all ship, and understanding of the complexities of creating and managing marine reserves. They return home with a broader sense of the ocean's importance to our planet and the need to preserve this precious resource for future generations. Life here is fast-paced. No prior sailing experience is necessary. Strong desire to learn is required!
July 11—July 22 Expense:$3,200
SEA Cape
This three-week summer program at SEA offers current high school students the opportunity to study the marine environment from a variety of perspectives: scientific, historical, and literary. Participants live and study at our campus in Woods Hole, Massachusetts.
June 27 —July 14 Expense:$3,800
SEA Expedition
This two-week summer program for high school students, including graduating seniors, is centered on learning by doing. SEA Expedition is a multidisciplinary experience that welcomes students to participate in every aspect of a challenging offshore sailing and oceanographic expedition, and occurs entirely aboard the SSV Corwith Cramer. Life at sea is fast-paced and tough.
July 5—July 17 Expense:$3,500
1. Which program lasts the longest?
A. Science at SEA. B. SEA Quest. C. SEA Cape. D. SEA Expedition.
2. What is necessary for participants in SEA Quest?
A. Previous experience in sailing. B. Great eagerness to study the sea.
C. Ability to conduct scientific experiments. D. Knowledge of sea resources preservation.
3. What is special about SEA Expedition?
A. It offers opportunities of sailing. B. It entirely takes place on a ship.
C. It features many relaxing activities. D. It allows graduates to participate in.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个2022年SEA夏季高中项目。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Science at SEA部分中“July 21—August 13(7月21日至8月13日)”；SEA Quest部分中“July 11—July 22(7月11日至7月22日)”；SEA Cape部分中“June 27 —July 14(6月27日至7月14日)”以及SEA Expedition部分中“July 5—July 17(7月5日至7月17日)”可知，Science at SEA持续时间最长。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据SEA Quest部分中“Strong desire to learn is required!(需要有强烈的学习欲望)”可知，参加SEA任务需要非常渴望研究海洋。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“SEA Expedition is a multidisciplinary experience that welcomes students to participate in every aspect of a challenging offshore sailing and oceanographic expedition, and occurs entirely aboard the SSV Corwith Cramer. Life at sea is fast-paced and tough.(SEA探险是一个多学科的体验，欢迎学生参与一个具有挑战性的近海航行和海洋探险的每一个方面，并完全发生在SSV Corwith Cramer上。海上的生活节奏快而艰苦)”可知，SEA Expedition的特别之处是它完全发生在船上的。故选B。
B
Desperate to help his 96-year-old mother to speak her mother tongue again，Keith McDermott made an appeal on social media and was met with a flood of kind responses．The old lady，Ray，was moved to tears after talking on the phone with one of the enthusiastic respondents in Welsh．
Ray moved to America after meeting her husband when she was only 18，hence waving goodbye to her life in Wales．She continued to speak Welsh with her mum - keeping a little bit of home．But she lost her beloved mum four decades ago and hadn't spoken Welsh ever since．
Despite suffering from short-term memory loss and sometimes not remembering what she has done recently，Ray's childhood memories in Wales remain clear．“She wants to return but I know，given her age，such long-distance travel is out of the question．” said Keith，“Once she mentioned ‘I wish I could speak Welsh again but I suppose I never will．’ It was then that I thought I should make her wish happen．”
So Keith，70，posted on social media in the New York Welsh area asking for any Welsh speakers that could speak Welsh with his mum．And he was touched，as well as a little shocked，to receive over 30 responses within half an hour．Keith thanked everyone and eventually asked Melisa to give his mum a phone call．“Speaking with Melisa，her（Ray's）Welsh was a little rusty．A few more Welsh conversations and I think she'd be fluent again，” added Keith．
“When you have a parent in their nineties，you will find you two have something in common：you're both old，so I am very sympathetic to my mother's feelings of loneliness and isolation（孤立）．I'm feeling it myself．” Keith hopes to set up more Welsh phone conversations for his mum and Melisa has promised to send Ray some short stories in Welsh to remind her of her life in Wales．
4. Why did Keith post a message on social media？
A. To gather American Welsh speakers．
B. To help his mum speak Welsh again．
C. To slow down his mum's memory loss．
D. To track down his family's Welsh origin．
5. How did Keith feel after seeing the responses？
A. Surprised and moved． B. Concerned and thankful．
C. Sympathetic and excited． D. Astonished and isolated．
6. What is conveyed in the story？
A Social media contribute to closer family ties．
B. Mother tongue means more than a language．
C. Childhood experiences shape one's later life．
D. One will be more sensitive when getting older．
7. Where is the text probably taken from？
A. A community noticeboard．
B. A health magazine．
C. A language-learning website．
D. A local newspaper．
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一则新闻报道。这篇文章主要讲了Keith McDermott急切地想帮助96岁的母亲再次说母语，于是他在社交媒体上发出了呼吁，并得到了大量善意的回应。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Desperate to help his 96-year-old mother to speak her mother tongue again，Keith McDermott made an appeal on social media and was met with a flood of kind responses．”（Keith McDermott急切地想帮助96岁的母亲再次说母语，于是他在社交媒体上发出了呼吁，并得到了大量善意的回应 ）可知Keith在社交媒体上发信息是想帮他妈妈再次说威尔士语。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“So Keith，70，posted on social media in the New York Welsh area asking for any Welsh speakers that could speak Welsh with his mum．And he was touched，as well as a little shocked，to receive over 30 responses within half an hour．”（因此，70岁的Keith在纽约威尔士地区的社交媒体上发帖，寻找能和他母亲说威尔士语的人。 他被感动了，也有点震惊，在半小时内收到了30多份回复 ）可知Keith看到这些回应后，感觉吃惊又感动。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““When you have a parent in their nineties，you will find you two have something in common：you're both old，so I am very sympathetic to my mother's feelings of loneliness and isolation（孤立）．I'm feeling it myself．” Keith hopes to set up more Welsh phone conversations for his mum and Melisa has promised to send Ray some short stories in Welsh to remind her of her life in Wales．”（“当你的父母都90多岁时，你会发现你们有一些共同之处：你们都老了，所以我非常同情我母亲的孤独和孤立的感觉。 我自己也感觉到了。” Keith希望能为他的母亲接通更多的威尔士语电话，Melisa答应给Ray寄一些威尔士语短篇小说，让她回忆起在威尔士的生活）结合整篇文章内容，可知这篇文章主要讲了Keith McDermott急切地想帮助96岁的母亲再次说母语，于是他在社交媒体上发出了呼吁，并得到了大量善意的回应。由此传达了这样一个理念：母语不仅仅意味着一种语言，它是内心深处的一种细腻温暖的情感的体现。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据根据第一段“Desperate to help his 96-year-old mother to speak her mother tongue again，Keith McDermott made an appeal on social media and was met with a flood of kind responses．”（Keith McDermott急切地想帮助96岁的母亲再次说母语，于是他在社交媒体上发出了呼吁，并得到了大量善意的回应）结合整篇文章内容，可知这篇文章主要讲了Keith McDermott急切地想帮助96岁的母亲再次说母语，于是他在社交媒体上发出了呼吁，并得到了大量善意的回应。这是一则新闻报道，最可能出现在当地的一家报纸上。故选D。
C
Throughout history, many species of animals have been threatened with extinction. When Europeans first arrived in North America, more than 60 million buffalo (水牛) lived on the continent. Yet hunting the buffalo was so popular during the 19th century that by 1900 the animal’s population had fallen to about 400 before the government stepped in to protect the species. In some countries today, the elephant faces a similar challenge, as illegal hunters kill the animals for the ivory in their tusks.
Yet not all animals with commercial value face this threat (威胁).The cow, for example, is a valuable source of food, but no one worries that the cow will soon be extinct. Why does the commercial value of ivory threaten the elephant. while the commercial value of beef protects the cow?
The reason is that elephants are a common resource, while cows are private goods. Elephants wander freely without any owners. The hunter has a strong motivation to kill as many elephants as he can find. Because illegal hunters are numerous, each has only a slight motivation to preserve the elephant population. By contrast, cattle live on farms that are privately owned. Each farmer makes great effort to maintain the cattle population on his farm because he harvests the benefit of these efforts.
Governments have tried to solve the elephant’s problem in two ways. Some countries, such as Kenya and Uganda, have made it illegal to kill elephants and sell their ivory. Yet these laws have been hard to put into effect, and elephant populations have continued to dwindle. By contrast, other countries, such as Malawi and Namibia, have made elephants private goods and allowed people to kill elephants, but only those on their own property.
With private ownership and the profit motive now on its side, the African elephant might someday be as safe from extinction as the cow. The ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle pointed out the problem with common resources: “What is common to many is taken least care of, for all men have greater regard for what is their own than for what they possess in common with others.”
8. Why does the author mention buffalo in paragraph 1?
A. To introduce a similar threat to elephants.
B. To provide an example of species extinction.
C. To offer an explanation for government policies.
D. To present the statistics of the buffalo in America.
9. Why do elephants face threats while cows are safe?
A. They are under different law protection
B. They attract different groups of hunters
C. They contain different commercial value
D. They represent different ownership types
10. What is paragraph 4 mainly about?
A. Bans on killing elephants for ivory
B. Effective laws for elephant protection.
C. Methods of making elephants private goods
D. Government policies on the elephant’s problem
11. What can we learn from Aristotle’s words?
A. People hold little regard for others’ property
B. People want to profit from common resources
C. People care more about their own possession
D. People tend to take what they own for granted
【答案】8 A 9. D 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章通过谈论作为公共资源的大象濒临灭绝，而作为私有财产的饲养牛却能安全生存，说明了人们对私有财产比公共资源更加关心的现象。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Yet hunting the buffalo was so popular during the 19th century that by 1900 the animal’s population had fallen to about 400 before the government stepped in to protect the species. In some countries today, the elephant faces a similar challenge, as illegal hunters kill the animals for the ivory in their tusks. (然而，狩猎水牛在19世纪是如此流行，以至于到了1900年，野牛的数量已经下降到大约400只，直到政府介入保护这个物种。今天在一些国家，大象也面临着类似的挑战，因为非法捕猎者为了获取象牙而捕杀这种动物。)”可知，作者之所以提到水牛，是为了介绍大象所面临的类似威胁。故选A项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“The reason is that elephants are a common resource, while cows are private goods. (原因是大象是一种公共资源，而牛是私人物品。)”和“Elephants wander freely without any owners. The hunter has a strong motivation to kill as many elephants as he can find. (大象在没有主人的情况下自由走动。猎人有强烈的动机去杀死尽可能多的大象。)” 及“By contrast, cattle live on farms that are privately owned. Each farmer makes great effort to maintain the cattle population on his farm because he harvests the benefit of these efforts. (相比之下，牛生活在私人拥有的农场上。每个农场主都在努力维持农场的牲畜数量，因为他们收获了这些努力的成果。)”可知，之所以大象面临威胁，而奶牛是安全的，是因为它们各自代表着不同的所有权类型。故选D项。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段中“Governments have tried to solve the elephant’s problem in two ways. Some countries, such as Kenya and Uganda, have made it illegal to kill elephants and sell their ivory. (各国政府试图通过两种方式来解决大象的问题。一些国家，如肯尼亚和乌干达，已经将猎杀大象和出售象牙定为非法行为。)”以及“By contrast, other countries, such as Malawi and Namibia, have made elephants private goods and allowed people to kill elephants, but only those on their own property. (相比之下，其他国家，如马拉维和纳米比亚，则把大象当作私人物品，允许人们猎杀大象，但仅限于在他们自己的领地上。)”可知，第四段通过举例说明各国政府对大象的政策。故选D项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中Aristotle所说“What is common to many is taken least care of, for all men have greater regard for what is their own than for what they possess in common with others. (对大多数人来说共同的东西最不被重视，因为所有人都更关心自己的东西，而不是他们与他人共同拥有的东西。)”可以推知，人们更关心自己的财产。故选C项。
D
If someone created a flying machine capable of tracking you down by listening for your voice, you might be terrified. But what if you were trapped in ruins after a natural disaster and first responders couldn’t locate you? Maybe then a human-seeking drone wouldn’t be such a terrible idea. That concept is the focus for engineers at Germany’s Fraunhofer FKIE Institute, who’ve built a drone to find people by detecting human screams.
“The human-seeking drone would be ideal for post-disaster situations, such as earthquakes, hurricanes and wildfires,” said Macarena Varela, one of the lead engineers. “They could hover over an area that rescue crews have difficulty getting to and locate exactly where people may be trapped.”
Locating people by sound presents its share of challenges. An auditory system would need to distinguish human cries from sounds that often happen in nature, such as animal calls and wind. It might also need to recognize patterns associated with kicking, clapping or other ways people try to get the attention of rescue teams.
Engineers took those situations into account when building out their concept drone. They recorded themselves screaming, tapping and creating other noises that might be a sign of people in trouble. Then, they analyzed each sound frequency to find common signatures and used those to train artificial intelligence software. They also worked to remove the noise created by the drone and other environmental sounds.
Once the software part was complete, the team placed tiny digital microphones under the drone and used signal processing techniques that enabled them to track where human noises are coming from. The microphones also enhanced the volume and clarity of the speech. So far, they have conducted successful open field experiments, finding that the drone can estimate a victim’s location within a few seconds of picking up sound.
Next, they would like to add a higher frequency microphone to a drone to acquire more audio sound signals. The idea is to pick up noises from hundreds of meters away, Varela said. In the real world, victim’s location data might one day be sent wirelessly to emergency crews carrying a tablet.
12. What is the advantage of the human-seeking drone?
A. Its high speed of flying. B. Its long working hours.
C. Its quick response to screams. D. Its easy access to disaster scene.
13. What can the auditory system do?
A. Recognize human cries. B. Pick up sounds from far away.
C. Send victim’s location data to a tablet. D. Improve the quality of human screams.
14. What does the underlined word “signatures” in paragraph 4 refer to?
A. Effects. B. Symbols. C. Features. D. Situations.
15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. AI Enables Drones to Give Better Performance
B. Human-seeking Drones Replace Rescue Crews
C. Engineers Teach Drones to Hunt Human Screams
D. Rescuers Use Drones to Locate Disaster Survivors
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. C 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了工程师制造了一种通过探测人的尖叫来寻找人的无人机，介绍了其优势以及工作原理等情况。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“They could hover over an area that rescue crews have difficulty getting to and locate exactly where people may be trapped. (他们可以在救援人员难以到达的区域上空盘旋，并准确定位人们可能被困的地方)”可知，这种寻人无人机的优势是比较容易进入到灾难发生地。故选D。易错选项为C；在倒数第二段中“So far, they have conducted successful open field experiments, finding that the drone can estimate a victim’s location within a few seconds of picking up sound.(到目前为止，他们已经进行了成功的野外实验，发现无人机可以在收到声音的几秒钟内估计出受害者的位置)” 可知，无人机在收取到声音之后可以快速做出反应，而不是对所有尖叫声都能做出反应。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“An auditory system would need to distinguish human cries from sounds that often happen in nature, such as animal calls and wind.(听觉系统需要将人类的哭声与自然界经常发生的声音（如动物的叫声和风声）区分开来)”可知，听觉系统能识别人的哭声。故选A。
【14题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Then, they analyzed each sound frequency to find common (然后，他们分析了每个声音频率，以找到共同点)”以及后文“and used those to train artificial intelligence software (并用这些来训练人工智能软件)”可知，然后，他们分析每个声音频率，以找到共同的特征，并使用这些特征来训练人工智能软件，故画线词意思是“特征”。A. Effects影响；B. Symbols象征；C. Features特征；D. Situations情况。故选C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“If someone created a flying machine capable of tracking you down by listening for your voice, you might be terrified. But what if you were trapped in ruins after a natural disaster and first responders couldn't locate you? Maybe then a human-seeking drone wouldn't be such a terrible idea. That concept is the focus for engineers at Germany’s Fraunhofer FKIE Institute, who've built a drone to find people by detecting human screams.(如果有人发明了一种能通过倾听你的声音来追踪你的飞行器，你可能会感到害怕。但如果你在一场自然灾害后被困在废墟中，而急救人员无法找到你呢？也许到那时，人类搜索无人机就不会是一个糟糕的主意了。这个概念是德国弗劳恩霍夫FKIE研究所的工程师们关注的焦点，他们已经制造了一种通过探测人的尖叫来寻找人的无人机)”结合文章主要说明了工程师制造了一种通过探测人的尖叫来寻找人的无人机，介绍了其优势以及工作原理等情况。可知，C选项“工程师教无人机捕捉人类的尖叫声”最符合文章标题。故选C。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Technology is here to stay. ___16___. However, they are often unsure on how to help children use technology responsibly and keep a balance between online and offline time. Here are some tips.
Have a device contract
Having a device usage contract allows parents and children to work through what responsible technology usage looks like in your family and ensure that everyone is aware. ___17___. Kids are more likely to make sense of the reasons you have for restriction.
___18___
Although this tip seems like common sense, it is often difficult due to the demand of work and the expectation of being constantly connected. By ensuring you build offline time into your own day and communicate that with your children, they will see the value and benefits. Whether you are reading a book or just taking a walk, letting your children be aware of your offline actions will encourage them to do the same!
Encourage non-tech activities
One great way to keep kids off their screens is to ensure that they have other activities to fill their time. ___19___. These activities are also great ways to help children to develop their social skills and confidence.
Tech-free family time
Once a week, pencil-in a “tech-free family time” in your schedule. It can be a meal or trip. To help increase the success of outings, try designing special activities, i. e., going to the beach to build a sand castle that looks the same as a photo you have found online. ___20___
A. Model good technology use
B. Communicate with children
C. A little extra planning goes a long way
D. The contract is helpful to the settlement of conflicts
E. Parents are seeing more technology in their homes and jobs
F. Also, drafting the contract together promotes understanding
G. This can come in a variety of forms: soccer, fencing and more
【答案】16. E 17. F 18. A 19. G 20. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者就家长如何帮助孩子负责任地使用技术，并在在线和离线时间之间保持平衡，提了几个建议。
【16题详解】
本段小标题“Technology is here to stay.”提到了技术无处不在。下文中的“However, they are often unsure on how to help children use technology responsibly and keep a balance between online and offline time.(然而，他们往往不确定如何帮助孩子负责任地使用技术，并在在线和离线时间之间保持平衡)”提到家长们不确定如何帮孩子，E选项“Parents are seeing more technology in their homes and jobs(家长们在家里和工作上看到更多的技术)”和下文一致，并且“Parents”和下文中的“they”是一致的。故选E。
【17题详解】
本段小标题是“Have a device contract(签订设备合同)”，上文“Having a device usage contract allows parents and children to work through what responsible technology usage looks like in your family and ensure that everyone is aware.(签订设备使用合同可以让父母和孩子了解家庭中负责任的技术使用情况，并确保每个人都知道)”是签订合同的好处之一。F选项“Also, drafting the contract together promotes understanding(此外，共同起草合同可以促进理解)”和上文是递进关系，意思上一致。故选F项。
【18题详解】
下文中的“By ensuring you build offline time into your own day and communicate that with your children, they will see the value and benefits. Whether you are reading a book or just taking a walk, letting your children be aware of your offline actions will encourage them to do the same!(通过确保你将离线时间融入自己的一天，并与你的孩子沟通，他们将看到其价值和好处。无论你是在看书还是只是散步，让你的孩子知道你的离线行为都会鼓励他们也这么做！)”可知，本段是在说父母给孩子展示技术在工作和生活中的应用。A选项“Model good technology use(示范良好的技术使用)”能概括本段，作为小标题。故选A项。
【19题详解】
本段小标题是“Encourage non-tech activities(鼓励非科技活动)”，上文“One great way to keep kids off their screens is to ensure that they have other activities to fill their time.(让孩子远离屏幕的一个好方法是确保他们有其他活动来打发时间)”提到让孩子远离屏幕的活动，G选项“This can come in a variety of forms: soccer, fencing and more(这可以有多种形式：足球，击剑和更多)”是一些具体的例子，意思和前文一致。故选G项。
【20题详解】
本段小标题是“Tech-free family time(无科技家庭时间)”，前文“To help increase the success of outings, try designing special activities, i. e., going to the beach to build a sand castle that looks the same as a photo you have found online.(为了提高郊游的成功率，可以尝试设计一些特别的活动，比如去海滩建造一座看起来和你在网上找到的照片一样的沙堡)”是说明在无科技家庭时间中父母的一些计划安排。C选项“A little extra planning goes a long way(一点额外的计划会大有帮助)”符合语境。故选C项。
第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In the sport of track and field, athletes compete not only with one another but against themselves to achieve a new personal best. Aiming to ___21___ his own record, Cerveny pushed himself hard. However, his legs cramped(抽筋)and ___22___ him with only 200 meters to go. Determined to ___23___, Cerveny rose from the ground and continued on, only to fall again after another 50 meters.
___24___, his coach asked Cerveny if he wanted to stop. He didn't. With great ___25___ Cerveny pulled himself up and with a(n) ___26___ pace, moved forward for one final push. ___27___, it wasn't enough. 100 meters from the finish line, his legs simply ___28___ .
Before his coach could ___29___ him, another runner- Brandon-was at his side to help. His first attempt to get Cerveny up failed, but he ___30___ to quit too. With a second pull, Cerveny was ___31___. At a measured jog, the two completed the final 100 meters of the course, with Cerveny holding Brandon for ___32___ Brandon even made sure Cerveny crossed the finish line first,securing his___33___a faster time
In today’s ___34___ world in which the emphasis in athletics is so often put on breaking records, it was ___35___ to see that for an athlete like Brandon, the value of true sportsmanship still had legs.
21. A. play B. beat C. check D. measure
22. A. failed B. warned C. dragged D. raised
23. A. rest B. win C. leave D. finish
24. A. Relieved B. Exhausted C. Concerned D. Disappointed
25. A. luck B. effort C. passion D. respect
26. A. rapid B. relaxed C. unsteady D. impatient
27. A. Normally B. Eventually C. Unbelievably D. Unfortunately
28. A. gave out B. broke up C. fell down D. slowed down
29. A. guide B. reach C. serve D. blame
30. A. refused B. hesitated C. regretted D. pretended
31. A. in his hand B. out of breath C. on his feet D. out of danger
32. A. direction B. support C. courage D. comfort
33. A. assistant B. teammate C. follower D. opponent
34. A. diverse B. well-developed C. competitive D. ever-changing
35. A. urgent B. common C. confusing D. inspiring
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲述了跑步运动员Cerveny在赛场上因腿抽筋导致腿部无力而两次摔倒，另一个运动员Brandon经过时伸出援手，帮助了他。作者认为在当今这个竞争激烈的世界，人们通常把重点放在打破纪录上，看到像Brandon这样的运动员，真正的体育精神的价值仍然存在，这是令人鼓舞的。
21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了打破自己的记录，Cerveny对自己要求很高。A.play播放；B.beat赛过，胜过；C.check检查；D.measure措施。根据前一句“In the sport of track and field, athletes compete not only with one another but against themselves to achieve a new personal best.(在田径运动中，运动员不仅相互竞争，而且还要与自己竞争以达到个人的最高水平。)”可知，Cerveny对自己要求很高，要与自己竞争以达到最高水平，beat a record，意为“打破纪录”，此处指Cerveny打破自己过去创下的记录。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，他的腿抽筋了，在只剩下200米的时候，他摔倒了。A.failed失败；B.warned警告；C. dragged拖；D.raised 举起，提高。动词短语fail sb意为“使某人失望；有负于某人；某人无能为力”，此处指Cerveny腿抽筋，无法支撑他，他摔倒了。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Cerveny下定决心要完成比赛，他从地面上爬起来，继续前进，但又爬了50米后又倒了下去。A.rest休息；B.win赢；C.leave离开；D.finish完成。根据本句中“rose from the ground and continued on”可知，Cerveny还想往前，不能打破纪录，但必须完成比赛。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的教练很担心地问他是否想停下来。A.Relieved解脱；B.Exhausted筋疲力尽；C.Concerned关心；D.Disappointed失望。根据语境，自己队的参赛选手身体出了状况，教练肯定会担心。Concerned符合语境，故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Cerveny吃力地使自己站起来，然后步履不稳，向前做最后的冲刺。A.luck运气；B.effort努力；C.passion激情；D.respect尊重。根据语境，Cerveny的腿抽筋，站着很费力，短语with great effort，意为“吃力地，经过巨大的努力”。故需B项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Cerveny吃力地使自己站起来，然后步履不稳，向前做最后冲刺。A.rapid快速；B.relaxed放松；C.unsteady不稳定；D.impatient急躁。上文“With great 6 Cerveny pulled himself up(Cerveny吃力地使自己站起来)”可知，Cerveny的腿抽筋了，站起来都很费力，冲刺的话，脚步肯定不稳定，踉踉跄跄的。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，这还不够。A.Normally通常；B.Eventually最终；C.Unbelievably令人难以置信的；D.Unfortunately不幸地。根据下文“100 meters from the finish line, his legs simply 8 .(在离终点线100米的时候，他的双腿已经无力支撑。)”可知，Cerveny尽管努力了，但是离终点线还有一段距离，Unfortunately符合语境。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：在离终点线100米的时候，他的双腿已经无力支撑。A.gave out精疲力竭；B.broke up分手，分解；C.fell down倒下；D.slowed down减速。根据上文“However, his legs cramped (抽筋) and 2 him with only 200 meters to go.(然而，他的腿抽筋了，在只剩下200米的时候，他摔倒了)”可知，Cerveny在还剩200米处腿抽筋的情况下，还往前跑了100米，可推知，此时此刻，他的双腿已精疲力竭。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的教练还没来得及赶到，另一个跑步者Brandon已经在他身边帮忙了。A.guide引导；B.reach到达；C.serve服务；D.blame责怪。根据后半句的at his side to help，可知，教练没有Brandon跑得快，没能第一时间到达倒下的Cerveny身边。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他第一次把 Cerveny拉起来的尝试失败了，但他也拒绝放弃。A.refused拒绝；B.hesitated犹豫；C.regretted后悔；D.pretended假装。根据后一句“With a second pull, Cerveny was 11 .(又拉了一下， Cerveny站了起来)”可知，尽管第一次没有把 Cerveny从地上拉起来，第二次成功了，故可推知，Brandon拒绝放弃。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：又拉了一下， Cerveny站了起来。A.in his hand在他手里；B.out of breath喘不过气来；C.on his feet站起来；D.out of danger危险。根据语境，“With a second pull”, Brandon拉起了倒下的Cerveny，使他站起来。on his feet符合语境，故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在Cerveny扶着Brandon作支撑，两人缓慢地跑完了最后的100米。A.direction方向；B.support支持；C.courage勇气；D.comfort安慰。根据语境，腿部抽筋导致步履踉跄的Cerveny还能跑完最后的一段距离，得到了Brandon的支撑。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Brandon甚至确保Cerveny第一个冲过终点线，保证对手的速度更快一点。A.assistant助理；B.teammate队友；C.follower跟随者；D.opponent对手。根据上文“Aiming to 1 his own record, Cerveny pushed himself hard.(为了打破自己的记录，Cerveny对自己要求很高。)”可知，Cerveny是一个优秀的运动员，本想在这次比赛中打破自己的纪录，在比赛中，他和Brandon为对手。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在当今这个竞争激烈的世界里，体育运动的重点经常放在打破纪录上，看到像Brandon这样的运动员，真正的体育精神的价值仍然存在，这令人鼓舞。A.diverse多样的；B.well-developed发展良好的；C.competitive竞争激烈的；D.ever-changing不断变化。根据第一段的第一句“In the sport of track and field, athletes compete not only with one another but against themselves to achieve a new personal best.(在田径运动中，运动员不仅相互竞争，而且还要与自己竞争以达到个人的最高水平)”可知，运动中，竞争很激烈，可推知，整个世界也是竞争激烈的，故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在当今这个竞争激烈的世界里，体育运动的重点经常放在打破纪录上，看到像Brandon这样的运动员，真正的体育精神的价值仍然存在，这令人鼓舞。A.urgent紧急的；B.common常见的；C.confusing困惑的；D.inspiring鼓舞人心的。根据前文Brandon帮助Cerveny一起冲刺跑完最后100米可知，他们两人体现出了真正的体育精神所在，令人鼓舞。故选D项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When was the last time you visited a museum in which almost every collection could be touched? American lawyer Mitch Dudek built a private museum ___36___ visitors can have direct contact with all the exhibits on display in the ancient city of Suzhou.
The museum ___37___ (name)Six Arts because it is about the six senses and stimulating all of your senses. You can touch things. You can smell things. It's different from other museums. Founded in 2018, the four-storey museum now ___38___(house)more than 40,000 Chinese antiques dating back to the Ming and Qing dynasties(1368-1911)，with another 60,000 items ___39___ (store)in warehouses(仓库).
Having never seen or used such items in his own country, Dudek is filled ___40___strong admiration of the delicate designs and complicated carvings of these old items. “I think they are just beautiful, and I should collect them,” said Dudek, ___41___ (add) that these items may be ignored once ___42___ (random) packed in the warehouses, but they could shine again through restoration.
“As more and more Chinese understand and offer me some of their old ___43___(belong),collections in the museum have become more varied and abundant. Now I plan to invite scholars and craftsmen to discover more ___44___(culture)and historical stories behind them," he said.
“The collections not only help revisit old times but also present ____45____ sense of beauty,” said Xu Yun, a visitor from Shanghai.
【答案】36. where
37. is named
38. houses 39. stored
40. with 41. adding
42. randomly
43. belongings
44. cultural
45. a
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是美国律师米奇杜德克(Mitch Dudek)建造了一座私人博物馆，游客可以直接接触到古城苏州的所有展品。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：美国律师米奇杜德克(Mitch Dudek)建造了一座私人博物馆，游客可以直接接触到古城苏州的所有展品。分析句子可知，空处引导的是限制性定语从句，先行词为 museum，在从句中作地点状语，所以应填关系副词where。故填where。
【37题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：这个博物馆被命名为“六艺”，因为它是关于六种感官，并刺激你所有的感官。根据because从句的时态可知，本句应用一般现在时。name作谓语动词用，表示“命名”，与主语The museum 之间为被动关系，且主语为单数，所以应填is named。故填is named。
【38题详解】
考查主谓一致。句意：这座四层的博物馆建于2018年，现在收藏了4万多件明清时期(1368-1911年)的中国古董，另有6万件物品存放在仓库中。分析句子可知，时间状语是now，所以空位应用谓语动词的一般现在时houses，与主语the four-storey museum保持单数一致，表示“收藏”。故填houses。
【39题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：这座四层的博物馆建于2018年，现在收藏了4万多件明清时期(1368-1911年)的中国古董，另有6万件物品存放在仓库中。分析句子可知，空处为with复合结构中的宾补，应用动词的过去分词形式stored，表示与宾语items之间的被动关系。故填stored。
【40题详解】
考查介词和固定搭配。句意：杜德克在自己的国家从未见过或使用过这些物品，他对这些古老物品的精致设计和复杂雕刻充满了强烈的钦佩。根据句意可知，空处应填介词with，与is fill构成固定搭配，表示“充满了……”。故填with。
【41题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：他补充说，这些物品在仓库里随意包装时可能会被忽视，但通过修复它们可以重新焕发光彩。分析句子可知，句子已有谓语，所以空处应用非谓语动词形式，又因与其逻辑主语Dudek之间为主动关系，所以应填其现在分词形式adding表主动。故填adding。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：他补充说，这些物品在仓库里随意包装时可能会被忽视，但通过修复它们可以重新焕发光彩。分析句子可知，空处应填副词形式randomly修饰动词packed，表示“随意地”。故填randomly。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：随着越来越多的中国人了解并提供给我一些他们的旧物品，博物馆的藏品变得更加多样化和丰富。分析句子且根据句意可知，空处应用名词形式belongings，表示“物品，所属物”，被形容词 old修饰。故填belongings。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：现在我计划邀请学者和工匠来发掘他们背后更多的文化和历史故事。根据空后and historical 可知，空处应填形容词形式cultural作定语，与之并列，修饰名词stories ，表示“文化的”。故填cultural。
【45题详解】
考查不定冠词。句意：这些藏品不仅有助于重温旧日时光，还展现出一种美感。分析句子可知，a sense of为固定搭配，表示“……感”。故填a。
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，暑假在伦敦学习，得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展。请写一封信申请做志愿者，内容包括：
1.写信目的；
2.个人优势；
3.能做的事情。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.开头及结束语已写好。
Dear Sir/Madam,
I’m Li Hua, an exchange student from China during this summer vacation.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I’d appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration.
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Sir/Madam,
I’m Li Hua, an exchange student from China during this summer vacation. I’m delighted to learn that volunteers are wanted for a Chinese painting exhibition to be held. Being a volunteer has been my dream, so I’m writing to apply for the position.
The reasons are as follows. First, I can speak English and Chinese fluently. So it is easy for me to communicate with foreigns and Chinese. Second, being a monitor makes me a brilliant organizer, which will help to keep the exhibition in order. Besides, it is my related knowledge that will help serve the visitors better. All in all, my sense of responsibility will make me a qualified volunteer.
I’d appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给暑假期间即将举办中国画展的伦敦当地的美术馆写一封信，申请做志愿者，内容包括：写信目的；个人优势；能做的事情。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：delighted→glad/happy/pleased
展览：exhibition→display/show
此外：Besides→In addition
相关的：related→concerned
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：First, I can speak English and Chinese fluently. So it is easy for me to communicate with foreigns and Chinese.
拓展句：First, I can speak English and Chinese fluently, which make it easy for me to communicate with foreigns and Chinese.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Second, being a monitor makes me a brilliant organizer, which will help to keep the exhibition in order. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Besides, it is my related knowledge that will help serve the visitors better. (运用了强调句)
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
On a Sunday afternoon, Kiana French was having fun fishing with her father and younger sister, not knowing the next minute, they would struggle not to sink in the freezing water. Their 12-foot boat was taking in water little by little, and the wind was picking up. Her father, Gary French, hurried to operate the engine, while Kiana,16, was in the middle with Cierrah, her sister, frightened but still able to keep calm.
Kiana asked Cierrah to take off one of her cowboy boots, with which she got some of the water out. Hard as she tried, that little effort would not help stop the boat sinking. Moments later, the unthinkable happened. The boat was full of water and then it flipped over. Kiana and her sister were dumped in the water. Their father, who had had a surgery six months ago, managed not to be thrown into the water but seemed to have great pain in the chest due to the sudden change.
Kiana quickly put on her life jacket and saw Cierrah’s and her father’s life jackets floating away. She reacted quickly to get them back and held her sister onto the boat. They were so far out in the middle of the lake that they could not see the shore clearly. What’s worse.it was getting harder to stay above the waves. Their father swam over and hugged his two girls. Cierrah crying silently. Kiana heard her beloved sister murmur, “I can’t feel my feet.”
Kiana knew the only thing to do was to get to shore herself and find help. She looked up at her father, exchanging a concerned glance, turned round and swam as hard as she could towards the shore
Fighting against the strong currents and cold wind, she screamed for help at the top of her lungs every three minutes or so. A strong wind blew, and she looked back only to see her sister’s and father’s heads bobbing(浮动)in the water. She burst into tears, thinking her sister and dad were dead, because she was taking too long.
注意:1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
With desperate tears, she suddenly spotted a boat with a figure walking on it
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Once rescued, they were rushed to shore, where a concerned group waited for their arrival.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】With desperate tears, she suddenly spotted a boat with a figure walking on it. She waved and cried for help with all her strength. It seemed like a century later when she heard someone yelling back to her. As the boat was approaching, Kiana pointed to her father and sister and someone screamed, “They are in the water! Help!” She was soon picked up and taken towards where her father and sister were. Fortunately, they didn’t drown but her father seemed to be giving out, with one hand holding tight to the boat. the other holding Cierrah.
Once rescued, they were rushed to shore, where a concerned group waited for their arrival. They gave clothes and blankets to the three poor people, and then the ambulance arrived. Kiana, her sister and her father were cheeked on the spot and finally sent to the nearest hospital. Later, when asked what gave her the strength and perseverance to continue. both in the cold water and in great fear. Kiana thought it had to do with family. “I just wanted to save my family, and I didn’t want anything bad to happen to them. So I couldn’t spare a second to worry or fear.” she said.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲诉了一个周日的下午，16岁的Kiana French和她的父亲和妹妹乘船在湖心钓鱼，岂料船居然进水并翻了；考虑到父亲6个月前做过手术，妹妹还小，Kiana决定自己游回岸边去寻求帮助；在她以为妹妹和父亲都被淹死了而绝望的时候，她发现了一艘来船，对方救了他们一家三口，三人被送往医院，是Kiana对家人的爱，使一家人得以生还。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“在绝望的泪水中，她突然看到了一艘船，上面走着一个人影”可知，第一段可描写Kiana呼救，对方发现有落水者，把他们逐个就上船。
②由第二段首句内容“获救后，他们被紧急送到岸边，一群关心他们的人在那里等着他们的到来。”可知，第二段可描写热心人帮助人他们三人，被叫了救护车，送他们去医院，以及事后，Kiana对自己的行为的感悟。
2.续写线索：发现来船——获救上船——救援家人——岸边得助——前往医院——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①呼喊：cry/yell out
②.靠近：approach/come close
③.救援： save/rescue
情绪类
①.绝望的：desperate/despairing/hopeless
②.害怕：fear/scare
【点睛】[高分句型1]. She was soon picked up and taken towards where her father and sister were. （运用了由连接词where引导的地点状语从句）
[高分句型2].Once rescued, they were rushed to shore, where a concerned group waited for their arrival. （运用了时间状语从句中主语和be动词的省略，由关系副词where引导非限制性定语从句）
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