主题09 中考英语重难题型热点主题时文押题组合练

中考英语重难题型

热点主题时文押题组合练09

001   A阅读理解     00后女孩独自飞行环游世界 

002   B阅读理解     如何分清感冒、流感和新冠肺炎  

003   C阅读理解     顶级篮球教练更看重球员心理素质 

004   D任务型阅读   史密森尼国家动物园“居民们”的雪日欢愉 

005   E完形填空     用捡来的书籍创建一个图书馆  

006   F短文填空     年轻一代为春节庆祝方式“注入新血液”              

A阅读理解

主题：00后女孩独自飞行环游世界

On January 20,2022,teenage pilot Zara Rutherford landed her small plane in Belgium. About 155 days earlier, Rutherford had taken off from that same airport to fly around the world. She flew alone. Rutherford is 19 years old. She is now the youngest woman to fly around the world alone.

Rutherford faced all kinds of dangers. She had to avoid a storm in the Philippines. In California, there was smoke from wildfires. It blocked （挡住）her vision （视野）.

Over Russia, the light played tricks on her vision. It made it hard for her to tell whether she was seeing mountains or clouds.* “Clouds are a really big deal,” Rutherford said, “especially in Russia.” Since it is so cold there, flying through freezing clouds is dangerous. Ice can build up on a plane's wings. This makes it difficult to fly the plane.

On most of her route, she was far from cities or towns. If something went wrong, she was hours away from rescue. If she had to make an emergency（紧急情况）landing，it would be tough to survive on the ground. Thankfully, that did not happen.

Still, Rutherford was surprised by the views of the world. She saw the Saudi Arabian desert. It had different colored sand and rocks. She flew over an icy northern Alaskan landscape.

Rutherford's parents are pilots. She has been traveling in small planes since she was 6 years old. At the age of 14, she started flying herself. About 130 hours of solo flights prepared her for the trip. She hopes her accomplishment will have a bigger meaning.

Rutherford wants to inspire（激励）young women and girls to fly. She also hopes to inspire interest in science, math and technology. Not very many women work in these fields. Only a small fraction of airline pilots are women. Few computer scientists are women. She wants to change the situation by her flying.

1 What kind of dangers didn't Zara Rutherford face?

A. The light in Belgium.

B. Freezing clouds in Russia.

C. A storm in the Philippines.

D. Smoke from wildfires in California.

2 What does the underlined word “rescue” mean in Chinese?

3 What did Zara Rutherford do when she was 14 years old?

A. She saw the Saudi Arabian desert.

B. She started flying all by her own.

C. She flew over an icy northern Alaskan landscape.

D. She took off from the airport to fly around the world.

4 What can we know about Rutherford from this passage?

A. She likes flying with others.

B. She is good at science, math and technology.

C. She was afraid of the difficulties that she faced.

D. She wants to encourage more young women and girls to follow their dreams

B阅读理解

主题：如何分清感冒、流感和新冠肺炎

Experts say testing is the best way to find out what you have since some symptoms of the illnesses can be the same.

The viruses that cause colds, the flu and COVID-19 are spread the same way-through droplets from the nose and mouth of infected（受感染的）people. And they can all be spread before people realize they're infected.

The time when someone with any of the illnesses starts feeling sick is different. Some people infected with the coronavirus don't experience any symptoms, but it's still possible for them to spread it.

A cough, a fever, tiredness and muscle aches are common to both the flu and COVID-19,says Kristen Coleman, an assistant research professor at the University of Maryland School of Public Health. Symptoms specific to COVID-19 include the loss of taste or smell. Common colds, meanwhile, are often milder with symptoms including a stuffy（不通气的） nose and a sore throat. Fevers are more common with the flu.

With many similar symptoms caused by the three virus types, testing is the best choice to find out which one you may have.* At-home tests for the flu aren't as widely available as those for COVID-19,but some pharmacies （药店）offer testing for both viruses at the same time， Coleman notes. This can help doctors prescribe（开处方） the right treatment.

Different kinds of viruses can also be screened samples in labs, including common cold viruses. But most people do not have the ability to do this, especially during a COVID-19 surge, Coleman says.

Getting vaccinated helps to reduce the spread of the viruses. The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says it is safe to get a flu and COVID-19 shot or booster（加强针） at the same time.

1 What are common to both the flu and COVID-19?

A.A cough and a stuffy nose.

B.A fever and a sore throat.

C. Tiredness and muscle aches.

D. The loss of taste or smell.

2 According to Paragraph 5,which of the following is TURE?

A. Testing can help doctors give the right treatment.

B. The three virus types cause different kinds of symptoms.

C. Both at-home tests for the flu and those for COVID-19 are widely available.

D. None of pharmacies can test both flu and COVID-19 viruses at the same time.

3 What's the passage mainly about?

A. How to find what illness you have.

B. How to test COVID-19 viruses in labs.

C. How to get over colds, the flu and COVID-19.

D. How to analyze the samples of different kinds of viruses.

C阅读理解

主题：顶级篮球教练更看重球员心理素质

Want to be a great basketball player? You'll need to be fit. Being tall and strong can help, too. But it is not enough. According to a new study, what interests top coaches most is what's in your head.

Michael Rogers is a PhD student at the University of South Australia. For the new study published（发表） in Sports Medicine， he surveyed（调查）90 coaches from 23 countries. They coached college, professional and international basketball players, both men and women. Rogers asked what they looked for when recruiting（招募） players.

The coaches came up with 35 key traits （特征）．Some were physical，such as endurance（耐力）and speed. Others were psychological， such as attitude（态度），confidence and motivation. Then the coaches ranked which traits they thought the most important. And psychological traits came out on top. The most prized traits were competitiveness, work ethic and attitude. Coachability and toughness also made the top five. All are psychological. Only one physical trait-agility-made the top 10.

These results don't mean physical skills aren't important. But they do suggest they're not enough. To win in sports at top levels, you need the right mindset. Top coaches want players who are “optimistic, easily taught and trained and determined to be more successful and to work harder than others," Rogers says.*

Michael Rogers explains his research and what it might mean for young players and their coaches.

Among players with similar fitness, he says, “psychological characteristics（特点）define（给···下 定义）winners and losers，＂ But few student players are taught these skills, he adds. “Most coaches don't teach communication skills or confidence or how to control anxiety.” Still, he says, knowing these traits are important may help aspiring players

1 Which of the following interests top coaches most to choose a great basketball player?

2 How many coaches did Michael Rogers survey?

3 What does the underlined word “psychological” mean in Chinese?

4 What is the main idea of this passage?

A. To be a great basketball player, you'll need to be fit and tall.

B. Michael Rogers published his new study in Sports Medicine.

C. Excellent basketball players should have 35 key traits.

D.A new study shows that psychological characteristics are very important for basketball players

D任务型阅读

主题：史密森尼国家动物园“居民们”的雪日欢愉  

The season's first winter storm-which brought meaningful snowfall to Washington D.C., on January 3,2022-could not have come at a better time for the residents（居民）of the Smithsonian＇s National Zoo. With the park closed to visitors because of the bad weather, the animals were able to welcome the New Year with several snow days all to themselves.

The sloth bears，Niko and Deemak， took advantage of（利用）the soft white powder to practice their wrestling（摔跤）skills. The bisons kept warm by their thick coats and enjoyed the freezing but beautiful scenery while eating hay. Even the elephant walked out to experience the icy weather.

However，it was giant panda cub （幼兽） Xiao Qi Ji who seemed to enjoy the winter wonderland the most． The cute 16-month-old panda performed somersaults（翻筋斗） in the snow，and slid headfirst down a small hill. He then joined his mom, Mei Xiang, for a happy play in the snow.

Xiao Qi Ji，which translates （翻译） as “little miracle”， is Mei Xiang and Tian Tian＇s fourth cub. The adult giant pandas, who have been at the National Zoo since 2000, are from the Chinese government. They should have returned to China in 2020. However, the National Zoo was able to get a three-year continuation of their stay.

In December 2023,Mei Xiang, Tian Tian, and Xiao Qi Ji will all leave for the Wolong National Nature Reserve in China＇s Sichuan Province． The 500,000-acre wildlife preserve（保护区）and research place is home to over 150 giant pandas, as well as other endangered animals such as snow leopards, golden monkeys, red pandas, and white-lipped deer.*

阅读短文，根据短文内容回答下面的问题。

1 Could people visit the Smithsonian's National Zoo on January 3,2022?

____________________________________________________________________________________________

2 Which animal seemed to enjoy the winter wonderland the most?

____________________________________________________________________________________________

3 Where are the adult pandas from?

____________________________________________________________________________________________

4 When will the pandas return to China?

____________________________________________________________________________________________

5 What is the passage mainly about?

____________________________________________________________________________________________

E完形填空

主题：用捡来的书籍创建一个图书馆

A second-grade education has not stopped garbage（垃 圾）collector Jose Gutierrez from bringing the gift of reading to thousands of Colombian children.

Gutierrez started saving books from the  1  almost 20 years ago. He was driving a garbage truck at night through the country's rich neighborhoods. The old reading material（材料）slowly piled（堆积） up，and now the ground floor of his small house is like a little  2  stacked （堆） from floor to ceiling with some 20,000 books． They are from math textbooks to children's storybooks.

He says books are luxuries （奢侈品）for boys and girls in  3  neighborhoods such as his. New reading material at bookstores is too expensive. There are 19  4  libraries in Bogota, a city of 8.5 million. But they are usually far away from poorer places.

“This should be in  5  neighborhoods, on each corner of every neighborhood, in all the towns, in all the poor places,” says Gutierrez.“Books are our  6  and that is what Colombia needs.”

The 53-year-old Gutierrez has a love of reading because of his mother.  7  she was too poor to keep him in school, she always read to him.

“She used to read me stories every night,” said Gutierrez. He has traveled to book fairs in Mexico and Chile to  8  his experience of starting a library with old reading material.“To me, books are the greatest invention and the best thing that can happen to a human being.”

He says he doesn't  9  technology that allows books to be read digitally（数字化地）.But he likes to read the printed word on paper more, “There's nothing more 10 than having a book in your pocket, in your bag or inside your car," he says.

F短文填空

主题：年轻一代为春节庆祝方式“注入新血液”

These days，celebrating the Spring Festival is more than having family dinners，v  1  relatives（亲戚）and watching festive television programs，as the younger generation（一代）is enriching the family get-together with new ideas.

Xiao Yao, a college student from Guangdong Province, always has lots of traditions to follow during the Spring Festival，such as h  2  lanterns and praying（祈祷）at temples．

Chinese families used to give out lucky money in a r＿3＿paper envelope（信封）-to their young and unmarried relatives at the start of a new year for good luck.

However, in recent years as technology has highly developed, Xiao has taught his family members how to give hongbao filled with lucky money to a group through WeChat w  4  on their mobile phones．“The hongbao is often grabbed （抢） by group members in only a few s  5  ．We compete against one another. It's fun,” said Xiao. “The world is developing as social needs are changing, and new ideas make traditional festivals creative.”

According to a report by China Youth Daily, having parties and going skating are the most popular a  6  for the younger generation to keep themselves and their family glad during the Spring Festival. While new ideas are appearing, many young people still b  7  following traditions can make them feel close to the older generation. Li Yu, a college student from Hunan Province, said that p  8  up couplets（对联）and watching the Spring Festival Gala（盛会） on television with parents have never been m  9  ,“While accepting new ways, I think traditional cultures tested by time and p  10  on through generations are what matter the most, especially during festivals,” Li said.

阅读短文，根据短文内容和首字母提示补全单词，使短文完整、连贯。

1.____________  2. ____________  3. ____________  4. ____________  5. ____________ 

6.____________  7. ____________  8. ____________  9. ____________  10. ____________ 

答案解析

A阅读理解

2022年1月20日，年轻的飞行员扎拉·拉瑟福德将她的小型飞机降落在比利时，完成了她为期155天的独自飞行之旅。拉瑟福德今年19岁。她目前是独自驾驶飞机环游世界的最年轻的女性。她想通过自己的飞行经历，激励年轻女性，勇敢地挑战自己，在飞行、科技等领域有所作为。

1．A 细节理解题。根据第二段第二、三句可知，在菲律宾，她不得不避开一场风暴；在加州，野火产生的烟雾挡住了她的视野，这些都是很危险的。根据第三段可知，因为那里（in Russia）太冷了，所以穿过冰冷的云是危险的。第三段第一句是说在俄罗斯上空，灯光干扰了她的视线，而A项是在比利时的灯光，文中未有提及，故选A。

2．C 词义猜测题。画线单词前的 If something went wrong 意为“如果出了问题”，而画线单词后一句If she had to make an emergency landing, it would be tough to survive on the ground.意为“如果她必 须紧急着陆，在地面上将很难活下来”，由此推出本句意为“如果出现问题，人们要花好几个小时赶去营救她”，故画线单词意为“营救”。

3．B 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第三句可知，她在14岁时开始自己驾驶飞机。

4．D 细节理解题。根据最后一段第一、二句可知，她想通过自己的飞行经历激励年轻的女士和女孩们挑战自己。

★难句分析

It made it hard for her to tell whether she was seeing mountains or clouds.这让她很难判断她看到的是山还是云。

主语＋make（s）＋it＋形容词＋for sb＋不定式，意为“·····使······对某人来说变得怎么样”。

B阅读理解

专家表示，检测是区分感冒、流感和新冠肺炎的最好方法，因为这些疾病的一些症状可能是一样的，都是通过受感染者的鼻子和口腔中的飞沫传播。它们都可以在人们意识到自己被感染之前就被传播出去。

1．C 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知，咳嗽、发烧、疲劳和肌肉酸痛是流感和新冠肺炎的共同症状。

2．A 推理判断题。第五段第一句强调三种病毒引起的症状很相似，故排除B。第二句提及家庭流感检测不如新冠肺炎检测那么广泛，故排除C。第二句同时提及一些药店同时提供对这两种病毒的检测服务，故排除D。根据最后一句可知，A选项是正确的。

3．A 主旨大意题。本文第一段是该文的主旨段，开门见山提出检测是找出人们患何种疾病的最好方法，故选A项“如何发现你患了什么病”。

★难句分析

With many similar symptoms caused by the three virus types, testing is the best choice to find out which one you may have.由于这三种病毒类型引起许多类似症状，检测是发现你可能感染哪种病毒的最佳选择。

with 复合结构作原因状语；caused by the three virus types为过去分词短语作定语，修饰 symptoms；which引导宾语从句。

C阅读理解

一项新的研究表明，想要成为一名优秀的篮球运动员，光凭出色的身体素质是不够的，过硬的心理素质也是必不可少的。其中最重要的内在特征是竞争意识、职业道德和态度。

1．C 细节理解题。第一段最后一句指出教练最看重的是头脑里的东西；第三段第三句指出心理素质中的自信很重要。

2．D 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，Michael Rogers 调查了90位教练。

3．B 词义猜测题。画线单词后的 such as attitude，confidence and motivation“例如态度、自信和动力”，这些都是指心理素质方面的特质。

4．D 主旨大意题。本文是一项调查研究得出的结论：比起身体素质，心理素质对于成为优秀的篮球运动员来说更为重要。

★难句分析

Top coaches want players who are “optimistic, easily taught and trained and determined to be more successful and to work harder than others,” Rogers says. 罗杰斯说，顶级教练们想要“乐观、容易被教导和训练，并决心比其他人更成功、更努力”的球员。

who引导定语从句，修饰先行词players。

D任务型阅读

2022年1月3日，美国华盛顿史密森尼国家动物园的动物们在雪日的欢愉中迎接新年的到来。懒熊利用柔软的雪练习摔跤，野牛一边吃干草，一边欣赏着冰冷而美丽的风景，甚至大象也走出去体验寒冷的天气。仅16个月大的熊猫幼崽“小奇迹”快乐地在雪地里玩耍。

1．No．／No，they couldn’t． 根据第一段第二句可知，由于天气恶劣，动物园对游客关闭。

2．The giant panda cub Xiao Qi Ji．根据第三段第一句可知，大熊猫幼崽“小奇迹”看起来似乎最喜欢冬天的这番奇妙景象。

3．They are from the Chinese government． 根据第 四段第二句可知，这些成年大熊猫来自中国政府，自2000年以来一直在国家动物园。

4．In December 2023．根据第五段第一句可知，2023年12月，三只大熊猫将全部回到中国四川省卧龙国家自然保护区。

5.The animals at the Smithsonian's National Zoo enjoyed snow days.整篇文章讲述了史密森尼国家动物园的动物们在雪日的欢愉中迎接新年的到来的场景。

★难句分析

The 500,000-acre wildlife preserve and research place is home to over 150 giant pandas, as well as other endangered animals such as snow leopards, golden monkeys，red pandas，and white-lipped deer.这座占地 50万英亩的野生动物保护区和研究所是150多只大熊猫以及雪豹、金丝猴、小熊猫和白唇鹿等其他濒危动物的家园。

500,000-acre意为“占地50万英亩的”，作定语，修饰 wildlife preserve and research place； as well as 意 为“既······又·····；此外”；such as 意为“例如；诸如······之类”，相当于like。

E完形填空

受教育程度仅二年级的何塞·古铁雷斯，通过在富人区捡旧书，在自家中创建了一个小型图书馆，为数千名哥伦比亚儿童提供阅读的礼物。

1．C 整篇文章讲述的是何塞·古铁雷斯在垃圾站捡拾、收集旧书的故事。

2．A 根据下文．．．stacked from floor to ceiling with some 20,000 books. They are from math textbooks to children＇s storybooks.以及倒数第二段中的his experience of starting a library 可知，此处表示： 他的小房子的底层就像一个小型图书馆。

3．B 倒数第三段最后一句解释了他的妈妈没钱供他上学，进而可推断他所在的街区是贫穷的。第三段最后一句中的poorer places也是提示。

4．D 上文指出“书店里售卖的新阅读材料都太贵了”，下文But表示转折，指出“但是这些地方通常远离贫困街区”，由此推断该句提到的图书馆应该是免费的公共场所。

5．B 根据下文可知，书正是哥伦比亚所需要的，由此推断他认为图书馆应该遍布在所有街区。

6．A 根据上文 He says books are luxuries 可知，古铁雷斯认为书是财富，而这正是哥伦比亚所需要的。

7．C 句意：尽管她贫困到不能支持他上学，她却总是给他读书。unless“除非”；while“然而；当····的时候”；although“尽管”；if“如果”。根据语境可知选C。

8．C 句意：他去墨西哥和智利的书展，与别人分享用旧阅读材料创建图书馆的经验。cheer“欢呼”；compare“对比”；share“分享”；read“阅读”。根据语境可知选C。

9．B 根据后一句可知，但是古铁雷斯更喜欢阅读印在纸上的文字，由此推断，他不会拒绝新技术，比如阅读电子书。

10．D 通读全文可知，在主人公眼里，没有什么比口袋里、书包里或车里有一本书更美妙的事情了。difficult“困难的”；boring“无聊的”；scary“害怕的”；beautiful“美妙的”。根据语境可知选D。

★难句分析

A second-grade education has not stopped garbage collector Jose Gutierrez from bringing the gift of reading to thousands of Colombian children.二年级 的受教育程度并没有阻止垃圾清运工何塞·古铁雷斯为数千名哥伦比亚儿童提供阅读的礼物。

second-grade 作定语，相当于一个形容词，修饰 education；stop sb from doing sth 意为“阻止某人做某事”；bring sth to sb意为“为某人提供某物”；thousands of 意为“成千上万的”。

F短文填空

现如今，年轻一代的新观念为春节活动带来创新，例如微信发红包、过年聚会和滑冰等活动很受欢迎。然而，在接受新的庆祝方式的同时，许多人认为传统文化也很重要。

1．visiting 由常识可知，春节的传统习俗为吃团圆饭、走亲访友以及看喜庆的电视节目，所以用visit“拜访”。同时，根据前后并列短语的形式having family dinners 和watching festive television programs可知，此处填 visiting。

2．hanging 春节习俗之一为挂灯笼（hang lanterns）。同时and为并列连词，根据后面的 praying at temples可知，此处填 hanging。

3．red 根据中国的春节习俗，过去人们常常把压岁钱放在红色的信封里，所以此处填red。

4．wallets 通过手机上的微信钱包在群里发红包，且此处表示复数概念，所以填wallets。

5．seconds 红包几秒钟内被抢完，且前面有afw修饰，所以填seconds。

6．activities 聚会和滑冰是最受年轻人欢迎的庆祝春节的活动。主语是两项活动，应为复数，所以填 activities。

7．believe 本句中 new ideas 和 traditions形成对比。在新观念涌现的同时，许多年轻人依然相信遵循传统可以让他们更加亲近长辈，所以填 believe。

8．putting put up couplets“贴春联”，同时and为并列连词，根据后面的 watching the Spring Festival Gala可知，此处填 putting。

9．missed 上一句提到我们也应该遵循传统方式，此处表示对于李宇来说，贴春联、陪父母看春晚每年都不会错过。这里表被动，所以填missed。

10．passed 句意：在接受新方式的同时，我认为经过时间考验并代代相传的传统文化才是最重要的，尤其是在节日期间。pass on为固定搭配，意为“传递”，且与cultures 构成被动关系，所以填passed。

★难句分析

These days, celebrating the Spring Festial more than having family dinners, visiting relatives and watching festive television programs, as the younger generation is enriching the family get-together with new ideas.如今，庆祝春节不仅仅是吃团圆饭、走亲访友和看喜庆的电视节目了，因为年轻一代正在用新观念丰富着家庭聚会。

动名词短语 celebrating the Spring Festival 作主 语；as引导原因状语从句。more than 意为“不仅仅；不只是”。