2022年湖北省宜昌市中考英语试卷（含解析）

这是一份2022年湖北省宜昌市中考英语试卷（含解析），共14页。试卷主要包含了完形填空，阅读理解，信息匹配，阅读填空，单词拼写/单词释义，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。


一、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15分）
Ever since "Mther Nature" gave me life,I expected t grw tall and big.
As a yung(1)，I was well prtected in the frest.I used t(2) a gd time with my friends under the blue sky and (3) the river.Our nly purpse was t stand high.My pal,Tim ften said,"All I ask fr is t be(4)the whle day."
Mre than 300 days passed and we grew straight.Until ne day,ur(5)birthday,peple came,mved us frm the(6)and put us n their trucks. "I dn't want t g!" Tim cried.
After a lng jurney,we arrived in a cmpletely different place with (7)green.Here we were planted in a line.(8) the wind blew strngly.I culd nt even pen my eyes t see Tim (9) beside me.S we needed enugh (10) t grw thicker and higher t stp the wind.
As time went by,we finally(11)much strnger.I culd keep my eyes pen in the wind!I even fund the blue sky was back!
This was n lnger a n-man's-land,and hundreds f visitrs came here.A man tk a picture f us with his (12)，"Thank yu.We can enjy clear days(13)wrrying abut sand strms."A yung girl jumping up and dwn came ver and (14) me."Thank yu,"she said,"It's yu that have turned the desert int a green land!"
Tim and I smiled at each ther,feeling (15).The sun was shining brightly in the bluer sky.
A. treeB. fishC. girlD. by
A. chseB. frgetC. haveD. miss
A. inB. alngC. underD. n
A. smartB. happyC. busyD. thin
A. firstB. secndC. thirdD. furth
A. beachB. lakeC. huseD. earth
A. allB. nthingC. anythingD. everything
A. ThughB. UnlessC. BecauseD. Until
A. clearlyB. greatlyC. kindlyD. widely
A. desertB. windC. sandD. water
A. becameB. smeltC. sundedD. remained
A. radiB. keybardC. backpackD. camera
A. frmB. abutC. withutD. f
A. askedB. huggedC. invitedD. kicked
A. tiredB. bredC. prudD. surprised
二、阅读理解（本大题共10小题，共20分）
A
During wrk hurs in Becker's bread shp,the kitchen is especially quiet except the sund f the machine.The quiet envirnment is nt the result f the strict rules,but because all the wrkers are deaf.They use sign language t cmmunicate with each ther frm time t time.
Becker's shp is in Changsha City,Hunan Prvince.It sells many kinds f German bread,cakes and cffee.It is very ppular fr the stry f Becker wh pened it.
Over twenty years ag,Becker and his wife heard abut a Chinese public prject.It prvided language training fr the disabled children,but it was shrt f trainers in Changsha.S they came in 2002 with a cmmn wish t d smething meaningful in life.
In Changsha,tgether with ther Chinese trainers,they helped children imprve their hearing and language prnunciatin Every little prgress each child experienced was a great encuragement t them,and they achieved their gal in life.
After ten years f wrking fr this prject, fund that the disabled adults culdn't be independent because they had n prfessinal skills.Then Becker and his wife set up a bread shp t teach these peple hw t make bread.With their help,all f them were able t live n their wn.
Luckily,Becker and his wife have als gt the supprt frm the lcal gvernment.Mre peple jin them and understand that disabled peple can wrk as well as thers when they have the same chances.
What makes Becker's bread shp ppular accrding t the passage？ ______
A. Its wner's stry.B. Its quiet envirnment.
C. Its strict rules.D. Its gd lcatin.
Hw lng have Becker and his wife lived in China？ ______
A. Fr abut 10 years.B. Fr abut 15 years.
C. Fr abut 20 years.D. Fr abut 30 years.
Wh des the underlined wrd "they" in Paragraph 5 refer t？ ______
A. The lcal peple.B. Becker and his wife.
C. The Chinese trainers.D. The disabled children.
Where can we prbably read the passage？ ______
A. In a travel guide.B. In a ntice.
C. In a science reprt.D. In a magazine.
What's the best title fr this passage？ ______
A. A Silent Bread ShpB. A Training Curse
C. A Beautiful CityD. Delicius Lcal Fd
B
The brush pen,ne f the "Fur Treasures f the Study"，was invented thusands f years ag.Hwever,the ldest pen was just a stick r a piece f bamb.It was difficult fr peple t write well n thin silk.
It is said that Meng Tian,a general f the Kingdm（王国）Qin,imprved the pen.When Meng was leading an army t fight against the Kingdm f Chu,he had t reprt the situatin t his king in time.But his pen was t hard and caused him much truble,s he was thinking f ways t imprve it.
One day after hunting（狩猎），Meng made his way hme with sme wild rabbits n the hrse back.Fat and heavy,ne rabbit's tail left a lng trail（痕迹）n the grund when they mved n.Suddenly a gd idea came t his mind when he saw it, "If I tie the rabbit's hair t a stick,wuld it be easy t write with？"
On arriving hme,he tied the rabbit's hair t a stick and tried writing with it.But the rabbit's hair was t smth t write well and wasted a lt f silk.Meng was s disappinted that he threw away his "inventin" int a stne hle in the yard.
Hwever,Meng never gave up and kept trying all the time.A few rainy days later,he happened t find his "inventin" fatter in a stne hle.He picked it up with hpe.The brush wrked beautifully n silk.It turned ut that the special water had cleaned the il frm the hair.Meng succeeded at last.
Thanks t Meng,the brush pen is playing a key rle in Chinese culture.Tday,students are taught t use the brush pens in schl.It makes their life mre clrful and helps them better understand Chinese culture.
Why did Meng Tian want t imprve the pen？ ______
A. Because the king asked him t d s.
B. Because he wanted t be an inventr.
C. Because he didn't have silk t write n.
D. Because the pen brught him much truble.
When did Meng think f the gd idea in Paragraph 3？ ______
A. Befre hunting animalsB. When he saw the trail.
C. During cleaning the hair.D. After he wrte a reprt.
Which is the right rder f imprving the brush pen？ ______
a.The brush pen culd write well.
b.Meng tied the rabbit's hair t a stick.
c.The special water washed the il away.
d.Meng drpped the stick int a stne hle.
A. b-d-a-cB. d-b-a-cC. b-d-c-aD. c-d-b-a
Hw can the students understand Chinese culture better？ ______
A. By learning t use brush pens.B. By playing a rle.
C. By planting mre bamb.D. By inventing things.
What can we learn frm the passage？ ______
A. Make friends with animals.B. Value fantastic memries.
C. Keep trying and never give up.D. Build a peaceful wrld.
三、信息匹配（本大题共5小题，共10分）
Why d yu need hbbies？A study has fund that peple are mre psitive（积极的）when they take part in a relaxing activity. (1) Scientists als think they might be gd fr yur brain.
Hw d yu chse the right hbby？Start with what yu enjyed in the past.Did yu nce play ftball？ (2) If yu find it isn't fr yu,stp and turn t smething new.Prbably jining a class r a team will give yu a chance t meet ther peple.
Which relaxing activities are gd fr physical health？It's clear that exercise is ging t be gd fr yur bdy,fr example walking. (3) A review f 94 studies fund that dancing three times a week imprved balance in lder peple.Getting ut in nature is helpful,whether yu're hiking r ding smething less active.
Which hbbies keep yur mind active？ (4) Playing the pian r listening t yur favrite band can help yu make it.Researches have fund reading is als gd fr yur brain.
(5) S let's take up great hbbies.
A. AB. BC. CD. DE. E
A. AB. BC. CD. DE. E
A. AB. BC. CD. DE. E
A. AB. BC. CD. DE. E
A. AB. BC. CD. DE. E
四、阅读填空（本大题共1小题，共10分）
I've always run.
When I was a k (1) ，my dad tk me t the Olympics and we saw the 400 m final.A runner named Arthur wn it and that really shcked me.I remembered it s well.I even wrte (2) article abut it.
I was never gd enugh fr the Olympics (3) （我自己），but I tried running.I want t keep fit and like the challenge.After 27，I began t play t (4) .At 65.I started hurdling（跨栏） again.When I was 71，I wn the 200 m hurdling as the ldest persn.When I was 80，I b (5) the wrld recrd.I wuld never (6) （改变）my mind.Nw I'm 89，but I still d a cuple f press-ups（俯卧撑）nce (7) twice a week.
T my pleasure,my family all exercise tgether in ur nice (8) （花园）every day.We wn a better life because we have a (9) （健康的）habit.My dream is t run the 100 m at 100--nly anther e (10) years t g--and then t live t 120.
N matter what cmes my way.I will keep it.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、单词拼写/单词释义（本大题共5小题，共10分）
当我们看到长江里的江豚时是多么兴奋啊！（excited）
______we were when we saw finless prpises in the Yangtze River!
最近许多中国人对太空更感兴趣了。（number）
______Chinese peple shw mre interest in space recently.
父母应鼓励孩子在周末亲自去看望祖父母。（persn）
Parents shuld encurage their children t visit their grandparents ______n weekends.
据报道，中国已经为非洲儿童提供了大量的帮助。（ffer）
It is reprted that China ______much help t African children already.
完美的假期取决于你明智的决定和行动。（depend）
A perfect vacatin ______yur wise reslutin and actin.
六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共15分）
假如你学校的校园广播《英语之声》栏目以" I lve "为主题征稿，请你投稿。
稿件内容：
◆热爱的主题
◆热爱的理由
◆适当的感悟
稿件要求：
（1）请补全标题；
（2）文中不得出现真实的人名和校名；
（3）词数80词左右。
I lve_______
————————————————————————————
答案和解析
1~15.【答案】A、C、B、B、A、D、B、C、A、D、A、D、C、B、C
【解析】（1）名词辨析。A.树；B.鱼；C.女孩；D.男孩。根据I was well prtected in the frest.（我在森林里得到很好的保护。）和 under the blue sky and _____ the river（在蓝天下在河边）可知我是一棵树。故选A。
（2）动词辨析。A.选择；B.忘记；C.有；D.错过。根据____a gd time with my friends .（和我的朋友在一起度过开心的时光。）可知用固定短语have a gd time（玩得开心）。故选C。
（3）介词辨析。A.在里面；B.沿着；C.在下面；D.在上面。根据_____ the river可知树木是沿着河岸种植的。故选B。
（4）形容词辨析。A.聪明的；B.快乐的；C.忙碌的；D.痩的。根据All I ask fr is t be____the whle day.（我的所有要求就是一整天都____。）可知"快乐的"符合语境。故选B。
（5）序数词辨析。A.第一；B.第二；C.第三；D.第四。根据 Mre than 300 days passed （300多天过去了），可知是我的第一个生日。故选A。
（6）名词辨析。A.海滩；B.湖；C.房子；D.土壤。根据peple came,mved us frm the____and put us n their trucks.（人们来了，把我们从____移出来放到他们的卡车上。）可知是从土壤里移出。故选D。
（7）不定代词辨析。A.所有的；B.没有什么；C.每件事；D.任何事。根据下文It's yu that have turned the desert int a green land！（正是你们把沙漠变成了绿洲！）可知这个地方没有绿植。故选B。
（8）连词辨析。A.尽管；B.除非；C.因为；D.直到。根据I culd nt even pen my eyes t see Tim .（我甚至不能睁开眼睛看到Tim。）可知是因为风很大。故选C。
（9）副词辨析。A.清晰地；B.非常，大大地；C.和善地；D.广泛地。根据the wind blew strngly（风吹得很猛烈），可知我看不清楚旁边的Tim。故选A。
（10）名词辨析。A.沙漠；B.风；C.沙子；D.水。根据t grw thicker and higher t stp the wind（为了长得更茂密更高大阻挡大风），可知我们需要水。故选D。
（11）动词辨析。A.变成；B.闻起来；C.听起来；D.仍然是。根据As time went by,we finally____much strnger.（随着时光流逝，我们最终____更强壮。）可知是变得更强壮。故选A。
（12）名词辨析。A.收音机；B.键盘；C.背包；D.照相机。根据A man tk a picture f us（一个男人给我们拍了照），可知是用照相机。故选D。
（13）介词辨析。A.从；B.关于；C.没有；的。根据We can enjy clear days（我们可以享受晴朗的日子），可知不用担心沙尘暴。故选C。
（14）动词辨析。A.问；B.拥抱；C.邀请；D.踢。根据"Thank yu,"she said,"It's yu that have turned the desert int a green land!"（"谢谢你，"她说，"正是你们把沙漠变成了绿洲！"）可知小女孩走过来拥抱了我。故选B。
（15）形容词辨析。A.累的；B.无聊的；C.自豪的；D.吃惊的。根据全文内容可知，我们被种植在沙漠里阻挡沙尘暴，可知我们是自豪的。故选C。
文章是一棵树的自述，讲述自己在恶劣的环境里坚韧不拔，最终变得强大，改善了人类的生活环境。
首先要通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。
16~20.【答案】A、C、B、D、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据It is very ppular fr the stry f Becker wh pened it.（Becker开始营业，这是一个非常流行的故事。）可知Becker面包店受欢迎的原因是它主人的故事。故选A。
（2）细节推理题。根据Over twenty years ag,Becker and his wife heard abut a Chinese public prject.（二十多年前，Becker和他的妻子听说了一个中国的公共项目。）可推断出Becker和他的妻子在中国待了20多年了。故选C。
（3）词义猜测题。根据After ten years f wrking fr this prject,they fund that the disabled adults culdn't be independent because they had n prfessinal skills.（在为这个项目工作了十年之后，----发现残疾人无法独立，因为他们没有专业技能。）联系前后句可猜测出下划线单词 "they" 是指Becker和他的妻子。故选B。
（4）文章出处题。根据Luckily,Becker and his wife have als gt the supprt frm the lcal gvernment.Mre peple jin them and understand that disabled peple can wrk as well as thers when they have the same chances.（幸运的是，Becker和他的妻子也得到了当地政府的支持。更多的人加入了他们的行列，他们明白残疾人在有同样机会的情况下可以和其他人一样工作。）可知文章介绍了长沙一家德国夫妇开的面包店雇佣了很多残疾人工作，得到了很多人的支持。故可推断出我们可能会在杂志上读到这篇文章。故选D。
（5）标题归纳题。根据Then Becker and his wife set up a bread shp t teach these peple hw t make bread.With their help,all f them were able t live n their wn.（然后Becker和他的妻子开了一家面包店，教这些人如何制作面包。在他们的帮助下，他们都能独立生活。）可知本文主要写了Becker夫妇开面包店帮助残疾人工作。故最佳标题应为：安静的面包店。故选A。
文章介绍了长沙一家德国夫妇开的面包店雇佣了很多残疾人工作，得到了很多人的支持。
在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真辨析选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。
21~25.【答案】D、B、C、A、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据But his pen was t hard and caused him much truble,s he was thinking f ways t imprve it.（但是他的钢笔太硬了，给他带来了很多麻烦，所以他在想办法改进它。）可知蒙恬要改进钢笔是因为笔给他带来了麻烦。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据Fat and heavy,ne rabbit's tail left a lng trail n the grund when they mved n.（一只兔子的尾巴又肥又重，当它们继续前行时，尾巴在地上留下了长长的痕迹。）以及If I tie the rabbit's hair t a stick,wuld it be easy t write with？（如果我把兔子的头发绑在一根棍子上，用它写字容易吗？）可知蒙是看见痕迹时想到的主意。故选B。
（3）细节排序题。根据On arriving hme,he tied the rabbit's hair t a stick and tried writing with it.But the rabbit's hair was t smth t write well and wasted a lt f silk.Meng was s disappinted that he threw away his "inventin" int a stne hle in the yard.（到家后，他把兔子的毛发绑在一根棍子上，试着用它写字。但是兔子的毛发太光滑了，写不好，浪费了很多丝绸。蒙非常失望，他把自己的"发明"扔进了院子里的一个石洞里。）以及The brush wrked beautifully n silk.It turned ut that the special water had cleaned the il frm the hair.（这把刷子在丝绸上刷得很漂亮。原来，这种特殊的水已经把毛发上的油洗掉了。）可知正确排序为b-d-c-a。故选C。
（4）细节理解题。根据Tday,students are taught t use the brush pens in schl.It makes their life mre clrful and helps them better understand Chinese culture.（今天，学校教学生使用毛笔。它使他们的生活更加丰富多彩，帮助他们更好地了解中国文化。）可知学生通过学习如何使用毛笔来更好地理解中国文化。故选A。
（5）主旨大意题。通读全文，根据 Hwever,Meng never gave up and kept trying all the time.（然而，蒙从未放弃，一直在努力。）可知我们能从这篇文章中学到：继续努力，永不放弃。故选C。
文章主要讲述了蒙恬经过不懈的努力，克服种种困难，终于发明了毛笔的故事。
阅读表达题往往从不同的角度命题，既考查学生的阅读理解能力，也考查他们的英语表达能力和概括能力，另外，对回答的拼写、语法的正确性的也有较高的要求。
26~30.【答案】E、B、A、D、C
【解析】细节推理题。
（1）根据后句Scientists als think they might be gd fr yur brain.（科学家还认为它们可能对你的大脑有益。）可知说的是爱好的好处，结合选项，应说其他研究表明，爱好可以给你成就感。故选 E。
（2）根据前句Hw d yu chse the right hbby？Start with what yu enjyed in the past.（你如何选择合适的爱好？从你过去喜欢的开始。）可知说的是开始，结合选项，应说重新开始，或者开始做别的事情。故选B。
（3）根据后句A review f 94 studies fund that dancing three times a week imprved balance in lder peple.（一项对94项研究的综述发现，每周跳三次舞可以改善老年人的平衡能力。）可知说的是跳舞，结合选项，应说跳舞是很好的运动。故选A。
（4）根据后句Playing the pian r listening t yur favrite band can help yu make it.Researches have fund reading is als gd fr yur brain.（弹钢琴或听你最喜欢的乐队可以帮助你成功。研究发现阅读对大脑也有好处。）可知说的是乐器和阅读，结合选项，应说学习乐器和阅读是最好的选择。故选D。
（5）根据后句S let's take up great hbbies.（所以，让我们开始培养伟大的爱好吧。）可知说的是最后的总结，结合选项，应说爱好让你忘记烦恼，享受乐趣。故选C。
短文讲了爱好的重要性，详细地介绍了爱好对人们的帮助。
做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，保证上下文意思通顺，结合选项选出正确答案。
31.【答案】【小题1】id
【小题2】an
【小题3】myself
【小题4】ennis/table-tennis
【小题5】rke
【小题6】change
【小题7】r
【小题8】garden
【小题9】healthy
【小题10】leven
【解析】（1）考查名词。句意：当我是个小孩的时候，我爸爸带我去奥运会，我们看了400米决赛。前面的词语是a,所以要用单数名词来填空，故答案为kid。
（2）考查冠词。句意：我甚至写了一篇关于它的文章。article是以元音音素开头的单词，故答案为an。
（3）考查代词。句意：我自己在奥运会上从来都不够好的。根据汉语提示，故答案为myself。
（4）考查名词。句意：我开始打网球/乒乓球。前面的词语是play,结合给出首字母提示，故答案为tennis/table-tennis。
（5）考查动词。句意：当我80的时候，我破了世界纪录。主体时态是一般过去时，故答案为brke。
（6）考查动词。句意：我不会改变我们的思想。前面的词语是wuld,所以要用动词原形来填空，故答案为change。
（7）考查连词。句意：我仍然一周一次或两次做俯卧撑。并列连词r连接两个副词，故答案为r。
（8）考查名词。句意：我的家人每天都在漂亮的花园里锻炼。根据汉语提示，故答案为garden。
（9）考查形容词。句意：我们拥有一个更好的生活，因为我们有健康的习惯。故答案为healthy。
（10）考查数词。句意：我的梦想是在100岁的时候跑100米--仅仅还有11年。结合上文Nw I'm 89，（现在我89岁）可知89到100岁，还有11年，故答案为eleven。
本文主要介绍了我一直在从事各种运动，80的时候，我破了世界纪录。一家人也在锻炼，养成了健康的生活方式。
首先要通读短文，掌握大意，特别要注意上下文之间的联系，确定某处的需要的词汇和形式，就可以确定正确答案。
32.【答案】Hw excited
【解析】兴奋的excited,是形容词，用来描述人。"hw +形容词或者副词+主语+谓语"是感叹句的一种固定句式，用来感叹形容词或者副词。
故答案为：Hw excited。
当我们看到长江里的江豚时是多么兴奋啊！
汉译英，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语，构成合乎语法、句意完整的句子。
33.【答案】A great/ large number f
【解析】许多a great/ large number f,是固定短语。
故答案为：A great/ large number f。
最近许多中国人对太空更感兴趣了。
汉译英，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语，构成合乎语法、句意完整的句子。
34.【答案】in persn
【解析】亲自in persn,是固定短语，作状语。
故答案为：in persn。
父母应鼓励孩子在周末亲自去看望祖父母。
汉译英，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语，构成合乎语法、句意完整的句子。
35.【答案】has ffered
【解析】提供ffer,是动词。根据句意和"已经"可知，要用现在完成时，其构成为have/ has dne；主语是第三人称单数，用has。
故答案为：has ffered。
据报道，中国已经为非洲儿童提供了大量的帮助。
汉译英，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语，构成合乎语法、句意完整的句子。
36.【答案】depends n
【解析】取决于depend n,是动词短语。根据句意要用一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
故答案为：depends n。
完美的假期取决于你明智的决定和行动。
汉译英，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语，构成合乎语法、句意完整的句子。
37.【答案】I lve taking picturesEveryne has a hbby,and s d I.One f my hbbies that I'd like t share is taking pictures.【高分句型一】（业余爱好的内容）
When I was a little child,my father,wh was and still is an art teacher,tk me t exhibitins featuring wnderful pictures taken by sme f the tp phtgraphers.【高分句型二】I was deeply attracted by the beauty f the pictures and decided t learn t take such amazing pictures.（开始该业余爱好的原因）
Nw I have taken nearly 500 pictures and sme f them have been chsen by the schl magazine.Taking thse pictures nt nly makes me relaxed but als allws me t discver the beauty f peple and things arund me.（其带来的收获）
【解析】高分句型一：
One f my hbbies that I'd like t share is taking pictures.
译文：我想和大家分享的一个爱好是拍照。
分析：这句话使用that引导定语从句修饰my hbbies.
高分句型二：
When I was a little child,my father,wh was and still is an art teacher,
tk me t exhibitins featuring wnderful pictures taken by sme f the tp
phtgraphers.
译文：当我还是个孩子的时候，我的父亲，曾经是一名美术老师，现在仍然是一名美术老师，带我去参加一些由顶尖摄影师拍摄的精彩图片展览。
分析：这句话使用when引导时间状语从句，wh引导定语从句修饰my father.
能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。
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六
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A.Dancing is wnderful exercise.
B.Take it up again r start smething else.
C.Hbbies let yu frget yur wrries and have fun.
D.Learning an instrument and reading are the best chices.
E.Other studies have shwn that hbbies can give yu a sense f achievement.