专题05 阅读理解III 推理判断题 考点4 观点态度题 2022年英语二轮复习讲 练 测 -练案

专题05 阅读理解III  推理判断题 

考点4 观点态度题--讲•练•测---练案

时间：30分钟  满分：30

1.【黑龙江省八校2021-2022学年高三上学期期末联考】

Until 13, Parker Liautaud was an ordinary kid. That changed after he met polar explorer Robert Swan. They began an email correspondence which turned into a friendship that eventually saw the then 14-year-old invited to join a trip to the Antarctic. He said yes almost instantly. Friends and family, to whom he’d so far shown he had no particular interest in outdoor pursuits, particularly polar ones, were thrown into total confusion, to say the least. He ate lots of chicken, spent a long time in the gym, and proved them wrong.

The following year, Liautaud cooked up a more ambitious plan: to become the youngest-ever person to go to the North Pole. He found a new partner, Doug Stoup, and through a mixture of charm and luck raised the roughly $150,000 needed for the record attempt. Then disaster struck. The early months of the year, when the two set out, were among the warmest on record. The North Pole, which is essentially a GPS location on a constantly-drifting collection of ice sheets, became virtually inaccessible, surrounded by pieces of uncovered ocean.

A trip which had intended to raise awareness of melting ice caps had been delayed by melting Ice caps. " We would get up, battle through these difficult conditions for 150 hours, then wake up the next morning and find that we were further away from the Pole than we’d started the previous morning, he said. After 14 days’ trying, they admitted defeat.

Liautaud came home and decided to try again the next spring. Conditions were cold but perfect, and he and Stoup reached the Pole in no time. While it might not have made him the youngest North-Poler, the success did give Liautaud a platform to continue advocacy against climate change, through his campaigning website. His view is that it's his generation that must push hardest for cuts in carbon emissions. He has already contributed to research projects carried out by the International Atomic Energy Agency and will soon set up two stations to record weather data.

1．How did Liautaud's family react to his decision to go to the Antarctic?

A．They made fun of it.

B．They turned a deaf ear to it .

C．They were puzzled about it.

D．They tried to talk him out of it.

2．What prevented Liautaud and Stoup from reaching the North Pole?

A．The movement of the ice

B．The lack of funds

C．The severe weather

D．The failure of the equipment

3．Why was Liautaud determined to go to the North Pole?

A．To push his physical limits

B．To become the youngest North-Poler

C．To finish a research project for his website

D．To support environmental protection

4．Which of the following words can best describe Liautaud as a young man?

A．Demanding B．Responsible C．Generous D．Cooperative

【答案】1．C2．A3．D4．B

【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了年轻的Liautaud为了支持环保去北极的故事。他的观点是，他这一代人必须最努力地推动减少碳排放。他已经为国际原子能机构开展的研究项目作出了贡献，并将很快建立两个气象站来记录天气数据。

1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Friends and family, to whom he’d so far shown he had no particular interest in outdoor pursuits, particularly polar ones, were thrown into total confusion, to say the least.（到目前为止，他的朋友和家人对户外活动，尤其是极地活动，并没有特别的兴趣，至少可以说，他们完全陷入了困惑）”，可知，Liautaud的家人对他去南极的决定感到困惑。故选C。

2．推理判断题。根据第二段中“The North Pole, which is essentially a GPS location on a constantly-drifting collection of ice sheets, became virtually inaccessible, surrounded by pieces of uncovered ocean.（北极，本质上是一个GPS定位在不断漂移的冰原集合上，变得几乎无法到达，周围是一片裸露的海洋）”，可知，是冰的运动阻止了利奥托和斯托普到达北极。故选A。

3．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“While it might not have made him the youngest North-Poler, the success did give Liautaud a platform to continue advocacy against climate change, through his campaigning website.（虽然这可能不会使他成为最年轻的北北极人，但这次成功确实给了利奥托一个平台，让他可以通过自己的竞选网站继续倡导应对气候变化）”，可知，Liautaud决定去北极是为了支持环保。故选D。

4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Liautaud came home and decided to try again the next spring. Conditions were cold but perfect, and he and Stoup reached the Pole in no time. （Liautaud回到家，决定来年春天再试一次。 条件很冷，但很完美，他和Stoup很快就到达了南极）和His view is that it's his generation that must push hardest for cuts in carbon emissions. He has already contributed to research projects carried out by the International Atomic Energy Agency and will soon set up two stations to record weather data.（他的观点是，他这一代人必须最努力地推动减少碳排放。他已经为国际原子能机构开展的研究项目作出了贡献，并将很快建立两个气象站来记录天气数据）”，可知，“负责”最能描述年轻时的Liautaud。故选B。

2.【江西省吉安市2021-2022学年高三上学期期末】

Seventy-year-old Tububatu and his wife live in a village on the edge of Badain Jaran China’s third-largest desert. Since their retirement, they’ve been spending every day fighting the advancement of the desert with the help of plant-life. Others had tried fighting the desert and failed, but they just wanted to know if they could make a difference.

Relying only on their pensions, the retired couple have been slowly and steadily growing their little desert forest. They started out by planting just 50 trees, but kept doubling their efforts to the point where they now plant thousands of trees a year. Even though they mostly plant drought-resistant (抗旱的) species, they still water them at least once a day to make sure they grow better. Their small desert forest now covers over 266 hectares (公顷) and numbers tens of thousands of trees.

The couple stay behind in their village, nearly 100 kilometers away from the nearest town, despite their children’s efforts to get them to move with them to a more comfortable home. They’ve been made fun of by other villagers who believed their efforts to fight the desert were sure to fail, but they haven’t let that prevent them making their efforts. They may very well fail, but at least they’ve given it their all.

Over the last 19 years, the couple have planted over 266 hectares of desert and have no plan of stopping anytime soon. China Daily reports that Tububatu and his wife have so far planted over 70,000 trees and spent more than 1 million yuan of their savings in the process. The bad conditions have caused a lot of damage to their health. They look older than their age, and they both have been battling serious health conditions, but they refuse to abandon their battle against the desert.

1．What did Tububatu and his wife do after they retired?

A．They moved to the town. B．They planted trees in the desert.

C．They donated their pensions. D．They worked for China Daily.

2．What have Tububatu and his wife achieved after the efforts of many years?

A．They’ve grown a small forest. B．They’ve become healthier.

C．They’ve inspired other villagers. D．They’ve developed new tree species.

3．What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 refer to?

A．A comfortable home. B．The advancement of the desert.

C．The neighbors’ teases. D．The unpleasant weather.

4．Which of the following words can describe Tububatu and his wife?

A．Ambitious and selfish. B．Cautious and independent.

C．Humorous and outgoing. D．Determined and hard-working.

【答案】1．B2．A3．C4．D

【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了70岁的Tububatu和他的妻子自退休以来，通过种树的方式对抗沙漠扩张。经过19年的不懈努力，他们取得了很大的成绩。

1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Since their retirement, they’ve been spending every day fighting the advancement of the desert with the help of plant-life.”（自退休以来，他们每天都在植物的帮助下与沙漠扩张作斗争。）可知，退休后，Tububatu和他的妻子在沙漠里植树。故选B项。

2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Their small desert forest now covers over 266 hectares and numbers tens of thousands of trees.”（他们的小沙漠森林现在覆盖了266公顷，有数万棵树。）可知，经过多年的努力，Tububatu和他的妻子种出了一片小森林。故选A项。

3．词句猜测题。根据第三段“They’ve been made fun of by other villagers who believe their efforts to fight the desert are sure to fail，but they haven’t let that prevent them making their efforts.”（他们被其他村民取笑，他们认为自己抗击沙漠的努力肯定会失败，但他们并没有因此而阻止自己的努力。）和指代关系可知，划线词that指代上文提到的“They’ve been made fun of by other villagers”，即“村民们的取笑”。故选C项。

4．推理判断题。根据第二段“Even though they mostly plant drought-resistant species, they still water them at least once a day to make sure they grow better.”（尽管它们主要种植抗旱物种，但它们仍然每天至少给它们浇水一次，以确保它们生长得更好。）以及第四段“They look older than their age, and they both have been battling serious health conditions, but they refuse to abandon their battle against the desert.”（他们看起来比实际年龄大，他们都在与严重的健康状况作斗争，但他们拒绝放弃与沙漠的斗争。）可知，Tububatu和他的妻子既勤劳又有决心。故选D项。

3.【福建省三明市高三上学期期末】

Certain unfortunate events possess the power to turn over life completely. While most people encounter difficulty accepting the situation and spend most time losing sleep over it, a few individuals are courageous enough to accept it, with a big smile on their face.

Ian is a former Golf player. Just like most people have dreams, so did Ian. With his passion, commitment, and expertise in the sport, the Golfer has been a keen golf player throughout his life. Dreaming of trying to get in the Senior Tour, Ian wanted to give it a try. Nevertheless, life has other plans.

In 1996, Ian was diagnosed with a brain tumor (肿瘤) on his left side. After battling a life-threatening illness, Ian's life decided to take another turn completely. In 2006, with his left side feeling extremely numb, Ian found out that he had a major stroke in the hospital. The stroke was so critical that he ended up being severely disabled. Doctors told him that he might not walk ever again, let alone playing Golf.

Upon realizing that he has lost the chance of playing the Senior Tour, he was heartbroken. However, the power of the inner will of an individual is capable of moving mountains. The huge setback in Ian's life wasn't powerful enough to demotivate the high-spirited individual. Ian took this obstacle in life as a challenge and decided to take it head-on rather than waste time dwelling over it. With the optimistic thinking of "A disability is not an inability", he decided to start writing and promoting Golf for the disabled.

Ian is a man of bravery. He described his life as "still living the dream". How he fought to recover from the deadly illness, followed by the stroke, is nothing but an incredible journey, which is an inspiration to people.

1．How does the passage begin?

A．By telling the story directly. B．By presenting the best thought.

C．By talking about life philosophy. D．By describing growth experience.

2．What does the underlined word "demotivate" in the fourth passage mean?

A．Discourage. B．Disappoint.

C．Stimulate. D．Inspire.

3．What's the author's attitude towards Ian's experience?

A．Ambiguous. B．Admiring.

C．Sympathetic. D．Disapproving.

4．What does the author mainly want to convey?

A．Be a brave man. B．Life is full of surprises.

C．Live with dreams. D．Face up to life's challenges.

【答案】1．C2．A3．B4．D

【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章以伊恩勇敢面对疾病的例子，告诉读者：要直面挑战，勇敢面对困难。

1．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Certain unfortunate events possess the power to turn over life completely. While most people encounter difficulty accepting the situation and spend most time losing sleep over it, a few individuals are courageous enough to accept it, with a big smile on their face.”可知，某些不幸事件具有完全颠覆生活的力量。虽然大多数人都很难接受这种情况，而且大部分时间都在为此失眠，但也有少数人有足够的勇气去接受它，并面带微笑。文章从第二段开始，介绍了伊恩面对疾病，勇敢乐观的故事。第一段在讲道理，后文是举出具体例子，即文章通过谈论生活哲学开始。结合选项，C选项正确。故选C。

2．词句猜测题。根据第四段中的“Ian took this obstacle in life as a challenge and decided to take it head-on rather than waste time dwelling over it. With the optimistic thinking of "A disability is not an inability", he decided to start writing and promoting Golf for the disabled.”可知，伊恩把生活中的这个障碍当作一种挑战，决定直面它，而不是浪费时间在它上面徘徊。怀着“残疾不是无能”的乐观想法，他决定开始为残疾人写作和推广高尔夫。由此可知，该句指的是：伊恩生活中的巨大挫折并不足以使这个意气风发的人泄气，失去动力。故划线词的意思应该是“使泄气，使丧失动力”。故选A。

3．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Ian is a man of bravery. He described his life as "still living the dream". How he fought to recover from the deadly illness, followed by the stroke, is nothing but an incredible journey, which is an inspiration to people”可知，伊恩是个勇敢的人。他形容自己的生活“仍然活在梦想中”。他如何从致命的疾病中康复，然后是中风，这是一段不可思议的旅程，对人们来说是一种鼓舞。由此推知，作者非常钦佩伊恩，对他的精神持赞美的态度。故选B。

4．推理判断题。根据第一段“While most people encounter difficulty accepting the situation and spend most time losing sleep over it, a few individuals are courageous enough to accept it, with a big smile on their face.”可知，一些人足够勇敢面对生活中的困难。下文通过伊恩的例子证明了这一点。所以作者通过这篇文章想告诉读者“勇敢地面对生活的挑战”。故选D。

4.【山东省实验中学高三第三次诊断考试】

A few years ago, I had the honor of traveling through Accra, Ghana, an African city. As I rode down a main avenue, images grabbed my attention. On one side of the street, African children dressed in rags were playing in an open gutter (排水沟). On the other side of the street, there was a billboard advertisement featuring palm trees, a beach, and a white man lowering sunglasses from his eyes. If you are a fan of the American police shows, it’s not hard to see that the man in the ad is David Caruso, the righteous(正义的) cop in Crime Scene Investigation: Miami.

The dichotomy of images was a reminder not only of the international impact of American pop culture, but of the specific influence of TV police shows.

In Hollywood, I’m a rare creature, a black man who has made a career writing for network police shows, having eventually created my own show, S.W.A．T., for CBS. For me, writing television can never simply be about entertainment. The unjust death of the African American George Floyd keeps me wondering how the shows we are writing contribute to the understanding of the justice system, class, race, and the image of black men. I look at this not as a creative burden, but a necessary responsibility.

The past 60 years have seen numerous cop shows like Dragnet and Adam 12, where police, typically are beacons(灯塔) of morality who never do wrong while criminals are always people of color, particularly black men. This can make for wildly popular entertainment, but it also risks mistaking fantasies for reality. People watch TV to see heroes, but how are we defining who a hero is? For people of color, especially black people, the viewing experience is complex.

1．The images the author saw in Africa imply________.

A．the unrealistic advertisement

B．TV police shows’ great popularity

C．poor education of African children

D．the background of American culture

2．What does the underlined word “dichotomy” in paragraph 2 probably mean?

A．Contrast. B．Trend.

C．Confusion. D．Boom.

3．What can we learn about the author?

A．He writes plays for pleasure.

B．He is very creative and influential.

C．He has created many shows including Dragnet.

D．He has high sense of justice and responsibility.

4．What’s the author’s attitude to traditional TV police shows?

A．Ambiguous. B．Objective.

C．Disapproving. D．Appreciative.

【答案】1．B2．A3．D4．C

【解析】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了作者关于警匪片的自己独特看法，也表达了对于传统警匪片的不认同。

1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The dichotomy of images was a reminder not only of the international impact of American pop culture, but of the specific influence of TV police shows.（这两种形象不仅提醒人们美国流行文化的国际影响力，也提醒人们警匪片电视节目的具体影响。）”说明警匪片是很受欢迎的。故选B项。

2．词义猜测题。根据文章第一段“On one side of the street, African children dressed in rags were playing in an open gutter. On the other side of the street, there was a billboard advertisement featuring palm trees, a beach, and a white man lowering sunglasses from his eyes. （在街道的一边，非洲的孩子们衣衫褴褛，在露天的水沟里玩耍。在街道的另一边，有一个广告牌广告，棕榈树，海滩，和一个白人男子放下太阳镜从他的眼睛。）”可知，此处为两种不同的画面进行的对比。故选A项。

3．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The unjust death of the African American George Floyd keeps me wondering how the shows we are writing contribute to the understanding of the justice system, class, race, and the image of black men. I look at this not as a creative burden, but a necessary responsibility.（非裔美国人乔治·弗洛伊德(George Floyd)的不公正之死让我一直在想，我们正在写的电视剧对理解司法体系、阶级、种族和黑人形象有何贡献。我不认为这是一种创造性的负担，而是一种必要的责任。）”可推断，作者有高度的正义感和责任感。故选D项。

4．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“This can make for wildly popular entertainment, but it also risks mistaking fantasies for reality.（这可能会成为广受欢迎的娱乐，但也有可能将幻想误以为现实。）”可推断，作者对传统警匪片的态度是不赞成的。故选C项。

5. 【辽宁省沈阳市高三教学质量监测（一）】

When I first got the bird, it must have only just been hatched. Its mother had disappeared, leaving it alone and shivering in the face of the north wind. I decided to take it straight back and build it a new home.

At that time, we grew a great many flowers in our house. Next to one hanging orchid (兰花) I hung another empty flowerpot and it was in this pot that the bird was to have its new home. When Dad got home, he immediately discovered the new addition to our family. Without saying a word, he turned around and left the house. After some time, he returned and I saw that he had a handful of grass and pine needles. Obviously, Dad thought the nest I had made was far too rough and so he had decided to decorate it himself.

“A bird born at this time of year won’t survive the winter.” In spite of this prediction on the bird’s future, Dad very carefully fashioned the nest himself. Soon I found “Nuo Nuo” (Dad had named him) had started to grow feathers. They looked like such fine little hairs that you could only notice them if you looked really closely. I only discovered them because every day I would cup him in my hands and look at him.

Dad probably realized that he had been a little cruel in his prediction. You see, he had already started training Nuo Nuo to walk. As you know, Nuo Nuo lived in a flowerpot, not a cage or anything. When he had nothing else to do, he walked around his little home. There were times when he was a bit naughty too and he jumped down onto our dining table.

It was obvious that Nuo Nuo didn’t realize he was a bird. He perhaps thinks he was one of the family. But it is not enough for a bird to walk, it must fly as well. Dad soon began attempting to make him learn this new ability, but it was not an easy task. After all, nobody in our family had mastered the art of flying. we didn’t even have wings. How could we ask Nuo Nuo to do something that we had no means of doing ourselves?

The flying lessons went on regardless. Dad jumped off a chair, waving his arms as if his life depended on it, in an attempt to encourage Nuo Nuo to shake his wings. Surprisingly, this stupid action of Dad’s did actually have an effect. Nuo Nuo began to shake his wings and started to rise.

Everything is hard at the beginning. But seeing as what we had already started, the fact that Nuo Nuo couldn’t fly was no reason not to continue trying. Nuo Nuo learnt to fly finally and he survived the winter as well.

1．According to the text, what is the new addition to the family?

A．one hanging orchid B．another empty flowerpot

C．the little bird D．a handful of grass

2．Why is it not an easy task to make the bird learn to fly?

A．Because the bird was raised in the cage.

B．Because the bird was one of the family.

C．Because the family didn’t want to teach him to fly.

D．Because the family didn’t have relevant experience.

3．What’s the family’s attitude towards the bird?

A．Cruel B．Considerate

C．Tolerant D．Unconcerned

4．What can we learn from the last paragraph?

A．All the predictions may come true.

B．Nothing is difficult at the beginning.

C．Everything deserves a try though hard.

D．There is always a reason to do something.

【答案】1．C2．D3．B4．C

【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章讲述了作者把一只在北风中发抖的小鸟带回家给它重新建造窝巢。一家人贴心的照顾这只小鸟，并教会它飞翔的故事，从而认识到无论做什么，都应尽力而为。

1．细节理解题。由上文第二段“Next to one hanging orchid (兰花) I hung another empty flowerpot and it was in this pot that the bird was to have its new home. When Dad got home, he immediately discovered the new addition to our family.”（在一个挂着的兰花的旁边，我挂了另一个空花盆，鸟在这个花盆里有了新的家。当爸爸回来，他立刻发现了这个我们家庭中的新成员。）可知，这个新成员指的是花盆里的小鸟。故选C项。

2．细节理解题。由第五段“After all, nobody in our family had mastered the art of flying. we didn’t even have wings. How could we ask Nuo to do something that we had no means of doing ourselves?”（毕竟，我们家没有人能熟练掌握飞行艺术。我们甚至没有翅膀。我们怎么能要求诺诺做一些我们自己无法做的事情？）可知，我们都不会飞的技能，没有这方面的相关经验，所以让鸟学会飞翔不是一件容易的事。故选D项。

3．推理判断题。由文中第一段“Its mother had disappeared, leaving it alone and shivering in the face of the north wind. I decided to take it straight back and build it a new home.”（它的母亲消失了，剩下它独自一人，面对北风瑟瑟发抖。我决定直接带回去并给它建造一个新家。）以及下文第三段“Dad very carefully fashioned the nest himself.”（但爸爸本人还是非常精心地制作了鸟巢。）可知，作者一家人很用心的对待这只小鸟，把它当作家庭中的一个成员，还教它学飞。A项“残忍的”，B项“体贴的”，C项“宽容的，容忍的”，D项“冷淡的，冷漠的”，故选B项。

4．推理判断题。由文中最后一段“Everything is hard at the beginning. But seeing as what we had already started, the fact that Nuo Nuo couldn’t fly was no reason not to continue trying. Nuo Nuo learnt to fly finally and he survived the winter as well.”（万事开头难。但鉴于我们已经开始了，诺诺不能飞行的事实没有理由不继续尝试。诺诺终于学会了飞行，也熬过了冬天。）可知，尽管刚开始尝试很是艰难，但努力的过程总归有收获，小鸟最终学会了飞行。A项“所有的预测都可能实现”，B项“.开始时没有困难”，C项“.尽管艰难，一切都应尽力而为”，D项“总有理由做某事”。C项符合原文主题，故选C项。