2022年中考英语语法复习讲义+比较级最高级知识点整理与练习题教案

A、原级

同级比较：“和……一样”

肯定：as …as
否定：not as……as或not so……as 不如......
中间要加 adj/ adv的原级

 1.The question is as easy as that one.

 2.Please do your homework as carefully as your sister.

和比较级的转换：

Lucy isn’t as outgoing as Mary.(同义句转换)   

Mary is more outgoing than Lucy.

B、比较级：

一、修饰比较级的词：

常修饰比较级的词：a lot,much,a little，a bit ,even, far

二.注意事项：

1.比较对象一致.Her  hair  is  longer  than  Mary's.

2.为避免重复，可用that或those代替前面提到的词，而且that/those不能省.

The  weather  in  Hainan  is  warmer  than  that  in  Beijing.

三、比较级最高级变化规则：

（1）规则变化：

1.一般情况：在词尾+er/est   tall--taller--tallest

2.以不发音的e 结尾+r/st    large--larger--largest

3.重读闭音节1元+1辅结尾，双写辅音字母+er/est      fat--fatter--fattest

4.辅音字母+y结尾的，变y 为i+er/est

5.多音节和部分双音节(后缀ed/ing/ly)，词前+more/most

（2）不规则变化：

good/well(好的/地)-better-best,

bad/badly(坏的/地)-worse-worst

many/much（多的）-more-most

little（小的，少的）-less-least

far-farther/further-farthest/furthest

old-older/elder-oldest/eldest

四、比较级的用法：

1.主语 +谓语 +比较级+than+比较对象

A比B...    

Tom is taller than Kate.

Tom  runs  faster  than  Kate

2.倍数表达

1）倍数+比较级+than+B

A 是B 的几倍

This room is 3 times bigger than that one.

2）倍数+as...as...

This  room  is  3 times  as  big  as  that  one.

3.越来越...

比较级+and+比较级

（多音节词）more and more +原级

It is getting cooler and cooler.

The flowers are more and more beautiful.

4.越...,越...the+比较级,the+比较级

The more you eat,the fatter you will be.

The more careful you are,the fewer mistakes you 'll make.

5.A+be+the +比较级+of the two boys/girls/twins(双胞胎）

A是两者中较...的

Tom is the taller of the two boys.

6.疑问词+谓语动词+比较级，A or B？

Which is bigger，A or B？

Who draws better,Lily or Lucy?

7.比较级+than  any  other  单数名词=比较级+than  the  other  +可数名词复数形式。

China  is  larger  than  any  other  country in  Asia.(亚洲）

China  is  larger  than  the  other  countries  in  Asia.

China  is  the  largest  country  in  Asia.

8.否定比较，表示不及另一方时，less  +原级+than...不如...,没那么...

The  park  is  less  beautiful  than  that  one.

C、形容词副词最高级：

用于三者或三者以上的人或事物相比较。

1.标志词：表比较范围时用in/of/定语从句（I have  ever  seen)

2.形容词最高级前一般加定冠词the，但最高级前有物主代词（my...)，指示代词(this...)名词所有格（Tom's...)修饰时，不加the.

3.最高级的常用句型：

1）主语+be+the +adj.最高级 + in/of 短语 ，意为“ ......是...... 中最...... 的”           

 of 后 一般接表示一群人或事物的代词或名词；

 in 后一般接表示单位或场所的名词 。   

Tom is the tallest boy in his class.

主语+实义动词 +adv.最高级 +in /of  短语

Tom  works  (the)  hardest  in  the  class.

2) 主语+ be + one of  +形容词最高级+可数名词复数,“ ......是 ......中最......的......之一”

  Beijing is one of the largest cities in China.

  Shanghai is one of the most beautiful cities in China.

3) 疑问词 + be +the +adj.最高级+ A,B or C?   用于三者或三者以上的比较。

 Which country is the largest, China , England or US ?

疑问词+助动词+主语+动词原形  (the) +副词最高级，A,B  or  C？

Which  city  do  you  like  best, Beijing ,Shanghai  or  Guangzhou?

4) “序数词＋形容词最高级＋可数名词单数”表示“第几......”。如：

  The Yellow River is the second longest river in China．

   黄河是中国第二大河。    

比较级、最高级专项练习

一、写出以下各形容词的比较级和最高级：

1.far  __________        2. fat ________________       

3. slow________________  4. dry ____________________

5. happy ________________ 6. wet ____________________

7. much _________________8. ill ___________________

9. little _________________

10. bad _________________

11. thin ________________

12. careful_______      

二、根据句意，用所括号内所级形容词的比较等级形式填空：

1. Of the two boys, I find Tim is _______ (clever).

2. Tom is  _________ ( young ) than Fred but ___________  (tall) than Fred.                         

3. Saturday is my  _________ (busy) day in a week.

4. Gold is ______ (little) useful than iron.

5. My sister is two years _______ (old ) than I.

6. Almost all the students' faces are the same but Li Deming looks _______(fat) than before . 

7.Which is _________  (heavy), a hen or a chicken?        

8. Your classroom is __________(wide) and _________(bright) than ours.

9. Practice as __________ (much) as you can.

10. The ________ (much), the ____________ (good).

11. Your classroom is __________(wide) and ___________(bright) than ours.                         

12. I think it' s too expensive. I' d like a  _____________ (cheap) one.

13. Annie says Sally is the ___   _____ (kind) person in the world.  

14. The boy is not so ______ (interesting) as his brother.

15. Dick sings _____ (well), she sings ______(well) than John, but Mary sings______(well)            

16.He is one of the_______         __(friendly) people in the class, I think.

17. A dictionary is much                        (expensive)  than a story-book.

18. An orange is a little __   __ (big) than an apple, but much _ __     _ (small) than a watermelon.

19. Sue is a little ________ (beautiful) than her sister.

20. My room is not as  _________  (big) as my brother' s.