外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 5 Learning from nature学案

这是一份外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 5 Learning from nature学案，共27页。

背景导学
Landscape architecture wrks well adding beauty t a certain lcatin. Fr example, Japanese gardens develp the relatinship between Victria and the Aichi Prefecture in Japan. Landscape architecture fcuses n design and envirnment management. Hwever, there are sme amazing facts t knw abut when peple are dealing with landscape architecture designs.
The surce f the idea f landscape architecture: accrding t ancient tales, Frederick Law Olmsted and Capability Brwn started the prfessin in the 18th century, knwn as the pineer f landscape architecture wrk.
The term “landscape” first was used in painting: With landscape paintings, the painter can highlight the beauty f nature while cvering humans and animals in little amunt, by inserting the light t the paintings t leave the paintings with liveliness. When it cmes t architecture, landscape means the distinguishing characteristics f natural features created by landscape architects in Melburne fr the beautiful utdrs.
Australia is the capital f landscape architecture: Landscape architecture is highly appreciated in Australia due t hw it has transfrmed beautiful cities and castlines int the artwrk highly praised by turists and lcals. Even, with s many landscape architects, it is surprising that the cuntry has the recrd f having the mst natinal parks.
The mst viewed landscape is in the image f ur desktp screen: The mst visited landscape is the image phtgraphed and used as the backgrund image fr Windws XP. It is the image f a small field lcated in Nrth Califrnia, seen by mre than 1 billin.
A sample tree wn’t live frever: Yu might have the dream f building a new huse arund a beautiful sample tree, but it wn’t g well fr lng. S, befre designing, talk t the arbrist （树艺家）t find the health f the tree.
S, next time yu travel a wrth-visiting place, spend a mment appreciating the landscape architecture fr the way they have estimated the necessary factrs fr cnstructin prject management in Melburne and delivered the best ut f their ideas.
1.What functin des landscape architecture have?
A. Beautifying the envirnment.
B. Helping peple enjy landscape paintings.
C. Helping peple learn design management.
D. Develping humans’ relatinship.
答案：A
2.What may be the best title fr the text?
A. Learn the histry f landscape architecture
B. Knw mre facts abut landscape architecture
C. Research int the situatin f landscape architecture
D. Make a list f benefits f landscape architecture
答案：B
Sectin Ⅰ Starting ut & Understanding ideas
自主学习·激发潜能
Ⅰ. 课文翻译
Ⅱ. 词汇拓展
1. architect /'ɑːkɪtekt/n.建筑师→ architecture /'ɑːkɪtektʃə（r）/n.建筑学; 建筑艺术; 建筑风格; 建筑设计
2. superb /sju:'pɜːb/adj.极好的, 出色的→ superbly /sju:'pɜːbli/adv.庄重地; 极好地
3. frntier /'frʌntɪə/n.知识/物理学等的前沿→ frnt /frʌnt/n.前面; 正面; 前线 adj. 前面的, 前部的; 正面的
4. respnd /rɪ'spɒnd/vi.回答; 作出反应→ respnse /rɪ'spɒns/n.响应; 反应; 回答
5. harmny /'hɑːməni/n.和谐, 协调, 融洽→ harmnius /hɑː'məʊnɪəs/adj.和谐的; 协调的→ harmniusly /hɑːməʊniəsli/adv.和谐地; 调和地
6. renew /rɪ'nju:/vt.更新→ renewable /rɪ'nju:əbl/adj.可再生的→ unrenewable /ʌnrɪ'nju:əbl/adj.不可再生的
7. similar /'sɪmələr/ adj.相似的→ similarity /'sɪmə'lærəti/n.类似; 相似点
8. inspire /ɪn’spaɪə（r）/vt.赋予灵感; 激励, 鼓舞→ inspired /ɪn’spaɪəd/adj.受……影响的→ inspiring /ɪn’spaɪərɪŋ/adj.鼓舞人心的→ inspiratin /'ɪnspə'reʃən/n.灵感; 鼓舞人心的人（或事物）
9. cllect /kə'lekt/vt.收集; 募捐→ cllectin /kə'lekʃn/n.作品集; 收藏品; 一批（人或物品）; 取走
10. absrb /əb’zɔ: b/vt.吸收; 理解; 使全神贯注→ absrbed /əb’zɔ: bd/adj.全神贯注的, 专心致志的→ absrptin /əb’zɔ: pʃn/n.吸收; 全神贯注, 专心致志
Ⅲ. 情境词块
1.take…fr granted 认为……理所当然
2.be fed with 以……为养料
3.cnvert…int 将……转换成……
4.in harmny with 与……和谐相处
5.stick with 紧跟, 不离开
6.与……有联系 assciate with
7.习惯 be used t
8.对……作出反应 respnd t
9.建立在……基础上 base n
10.把……当作 regard…as…
Ⅳ. 情境佳句
1.
2.
文本互动·合作探究
Ⅰ. 文本理解
Reading fr the main idea.
1.
What is the main idea f the text?
A.Only the envirnment determines buildings.
B.There are all kinds f buildings in nature.
C.Many buildings get inspiratin frm nature.
D.Many different buildings came int being naturally.
答案：C
Reading fr the structure.
1.
Fill in the blanks with prper wrds.
Reading fr the details.
Chse the best answer accrding t the text.
1.What has given us a lt f architecture inspiratin?
答案：A
2.What can yu enjy in ArtScience Museum?
A.The way nature wrks.
B.The relatinship between art and science.
C.A ltus flwer flating abve water.
D.The building’s plumbing system.
答案：B
3.What makes the Eastgate Centre use less energy?
A.Termites cnstructing their nests.
B.Munds cvered in little hles.
C.Traditinal air cnditining systems.
D.Its surface cvered in hles.
答案：D
4.Why can the Algae Huse cst less t run?
A.Because it is in Hamburg f Germany.
B.Because it is pwered by the algae.
C.Because the algae are fed with liquid nutrients.
D.Because the algae capture heat frm the sun.
答案：B
Ⅱ. 难句突破
1.In fact, we are s used t them ① that we may even take them fr granted withut realising ② hw much inspiratin they have given us .
【分析】①为 s…that… 引导的结果状语从句, 其中介词withut后是动名词短语作宾语,②是由 hw much 引导的宾语从句。
【译文】 事实上, 我们如此习惯它们的存在, 以至于甚至我们可能把它们视为理所当然, 却没有意识到它们给了我们多少灵感。
2.T meet the needs f tday ① while prtecting the wrld f tmrrw may be a challenge, ② but even the simplest rganisms can help teach us hw t achieve this.
【分析】②中 but 连接表示转折关系的并列句, 第一个分句中不定式短语T meet the needs f tday为主语,①为 时间 状语,②中hw t achieve this为宾语从句。
【译文】 保护明天的世界, 同时满足当下的需求, 这可能是一项挑战, 但即使是最简单的生物也能帮忙, 教我们如何实现这个目标。
Ⅲ. 概要写作
Step 1 Questin Answering
根据课文内容回答下列问题。
1.What d we think f the beauty arund us every day?
We are used t it, and we may even take it fr granted withut realising hw much inspiratin it has given us.
2.What has nature inspired arund us?
Nature has inspired many f the mst fascinating designs arund us, including thse in architecture.
3.Why was Singapre’s ArtScience Museum designed like that?
It was designed t shw the cnnectin between nature and the mdern city envirnment.
4.What is Harare’s Eastgate Centre special abut?
Harare’s Eastgate Centre is a superb example f bimimicry.
5.Where is the wrld’s first algae-pwered building and why d peple create buildings like that?
The wrld’s first algae-pwered building is in Hamburg, Germany. Creating buildings like that enables us t live in clser harmny with ur envirnment.
Step 2 Sentence Rewriting
将上述句子转换句式。
1.用非谓语动词改写第一句。
Nt realising hw much inspiratin it has given us, we are used t beauty and take it arund us fr granted.
2.用被动语态改写第二句。
Many f the mst fascinating designs arund us have been inspired by nature, including thse in architecture.
3.用强调句型改写第三句。
It was t shw the cnnectin between nature and the mdern city envirnment that Singapre’s ArtScience Museum was designed.
4.用非谓语动词改写第四句。
Harare’s Eastgate Centre is the mst magnificent building using bimimicry.
5.用非谓语动词改写第五句。
T live in clser harmny with ur envirnment, we create buildings like the wrld’s first algae-pwered building in Hamburg, Germany.
Step 3 Summary Writing
1.
将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的文章概要。
In fact, nt realising hw much inspiratin it has given us, we are used t beauty and take it arund us fr granted. Many f the mst fascinating designs arund us have been inspired by nature, including thse in architecture. As we knw, it was t shw the cnnectin between nature and the mdern city envirnment that Singapre’s ArtScience Museum was designed. Harare’s Eastgate Centre is the mst magnificent building using bimimicry. T live in clser harmny with ur envirnment, we create buildings like the wrld’s first algae-pwered building in Hamburg, Germany.
新知清障·素养构建
核心词汇
1. superb adj. 极好的, 出色的
Harare’s Eastgate Centre is a superb example f bimimicry. （教材P51）哈拉雷东门大厦是极好的仿生学范例。
典例翻译
①The sprts facilities lk superb.
运动设施看上去是一流的。
②It makes a superb filling fr cakes.
它非常适合做蛋糕的馅儿。
③The car is in superb cnditin.
这辆车车况极好。
④The car is superbly engineered and a pleasure t drive.
这辆车设计一流, 开起来是一种享受。
归纳拓展
（1）看上去棒极了 lk superb
一流的演出 a superb perfrmance
状况极好 in superb cnditin
（2）庄重地; 华美地; 极好地 adv. superbly
学以致用
（1）单句填空
①He perfrmed superbly （superb）in the test.
②Cylinder bserved that the best hspitals did nt just have superb dctrs. They were als superbly rganised. （superb）
（2）单句写作
③他们有一种很好的捕鱼方法。（2020全国Ⅲ卷, 阅读理解）
They had a superb way f fishing.
④他医术高超, 在紧急情况下几乎无人能代替他。
His medical skill is s superb that he can hardly be filled in fr an emergency.
2. inspire vt. 激发; 鼓舞; 启示; 产生; 使产生灵感
Nature has inspired many f the mst fascinating designs arund us, including thse in architecture. （教材P50）我们身边许多最迷人的设计, 包括建筑设计, 它们的灵感都来自大自然。
典例翻译
①His superb play inspired the team t a thrilling 5-0 win.
他的出色表现使球队士气大振, 以5:0大获全胜。
②Inspired by the sunny weather, I decided t explre the wds.
阳光明媚的天气让我决定去森林里探索。
③King was a great ratr（演说家） and an inspiring leader.
金是伟大的演说家和鼓舞人心的领袖。
④He draws inspiratin frm rdinary scenes.
他从日常生活中获得灵感。
归纳拓展
（1）激发某人做某事 inspire sb. t d sth.
（2）inspiratin n. 灵感; 鼓舞人心的人（或事物）
从……中吸取灵感 draw inspiratin frm
对……的灵感 the inspiratin fr
（3）inspired adj. 卓越的; 品质优秀的; 受……影响的
（4）inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的; 启发灵感的
学以致用
（1）单句填空
① Inspired （inspire） greatly by what he had heard and seen, he made up his mind t stand n his wn feet.
②In 2012, M Yan wn the Nbel Prize fr Literature, inspiring （inspire） a hst f imitatrs.
③Yu can als read an inspiring （inspire） bk r watch a mvie t get the inspiratin （inspire） yu need t mve frward.
（2）单句写作
④我们在日常生活中遇到的那些小问题有可能会成为伟大发明的灵感。
The little prblems that we meet in ur daily lives may be inspiratins fr great inventins.
3. take…fr granted 认为……理所当然
In fact, we are s used t them that we may even take them fr granted withut realising hw much inspiratin they have given us. （教材P50）事实上, 我们如此习惯它们的存在, 以至于甚至我们可能把它们视为理所当然, 却没有意识到它们给了我们多少灵感。
典例翻译
①He just takes everything his mther des fr him fr granted.
他只是认为他的妈妈为他做的一切都是理所当然的。
②We shuldn’t take anything fr granted.
我们不要认为什么都是理所当然的。
③He seemed t takeit fr granted that he shuld speak as a representative.
他似乎理所当然地认为他应当作为代表发言。
④Granting/Granted that he said s, he may nt keep his prmise.
假定他这么说了, 他也未必会守承诺。
归纳拓展
想当然地认为…… take it fr granted that…
假定……, 即使…… Granting/Granted that…
学以致用
（1）单句填空
①They nw have their wn pinins; yu can’t take it fr granted that they’ll listen t yu.
② Granted/Granting （grant） that this is true, what cnclusin can yu reach?
③She ften tld me nt t take things fr granted （grant）.
（2）单句写作
④那时她经常告诉我不要认为父母为我们所做的一切是理所当然的。
At that time she ften tld me nt t take what ur parents did fr us fr granted.
4. cnvert…int将……转化为; 使……转变为
The panels als capture heat frm the sun and cnvert it int energy that pwers the building. （教材P51）这些面板还可以吸收太阳的热量, 并将其转化为电能, 给建筑物供电。
典例翻译
①I didn’t use t like pera but my husband has cnverted me.
我过去不喜欢歌剧, 但我的丈夫改变了我。
②A pet is ne wh can cnvert rdinary wrds int a meaningful piece f writing.
诗人是能够用普通的文字写出一篇寓意深刻的作品的人。
③All frms f energy are cnverted int heat.
所有形式的能量都转化为热。
④Tm suggested that we buy a sfa that cnverts int a bed.
汤姆建议我们买一个可以用作床的沙发。
⑤He cnverted frm Christianity t Zslam.
他由基督教改信伊斯兰教。
归纳拓展
（使）转而变为…… cnvert int/t
把……从……转化为…… cnvert…frm…t…
学以致用
（1）单句填空
①Mdernizatin has cnverted the cuntry frm a primitive sciety t a near-industrial ne.
②At what rate des the dllar cnvert int punds?
（2）单句写作
③那家旅馆将改建成私人疗养院。
The htel is ging t be cnverted int a private nursing hme.
5. respnd t 回应……; 对……作出反应
The building therefre nt nly respnds t its envirnment and uses less energy, but als reduces damage t the envirnment by generating its wn renewable energy. （教材P51）因此, 该建筑不仅能够适应环境, 减少能耗, 而且自身可以产生可再生能源, 减少对环境的危害。
典例翻译
①The female cnductr kindly respnded t my questin.
女列车员亲切地回答了我的问题。
②The teacher respnded affirmatively t the questin that the student had put frward.
老师对那个学生提出的问题作了肯定的回答。
③The prduct was develped in respnse t custmers’ demands.
这种产品是为了满足顾客的需要而开发的。
④She made n respnse.
她没作任何回答。
归纳拓展
（1） respnd v. 响应; 回应
（2）respnse n. 回答; 响应; 反应
响应; 反应（通常作状语） in respnse t
对……（没）作出反应/回答 make （n）respnse t
学以致用
（1）单句填空
①Did Mther’s leg respnd t treatment?
②He always takes the lead in respnse t the gvernment’s call.
③On yur first questin, we have respnded （respnd） t it n varius ccasins. I believe yu’ve als taken nte f the respnse by the Ministry f Defense.
（2）一句多译
④她收到我的信, 给我回了个电话。
She respnded t my letter with a phne call.
= She made a respnse t my letter with a phne call.
重点句型
1. s…that…引导结果状语从句
In fact, we are s used t them that we may even take them fr granted withut realising hw much inspiratin they have given us. （教材P50）事实上, 我们如此习惯它们的存在, 以至于甚至可能把它们视为理所当然, 却没有意识到它们给了我们多少灵感。
典例翻译
①She’s kind and patient, and she explains English grammar s clearly that even I can understand it!
她友善、耐心, 把英语语法讲解得清清楚楚, 连我都懂了！
②At ne pint we were s high that we fund urselves cycling thrugh cluds.
在某个时刻, 我们发现自己置身高处, 仿佛骑车穿越云层。
③He was s flish that he accepted her invitatin.
他接受了她的邀请真是太傻了。
归纳拓展
（1）s…that…表示“如此……以至于……”, that引导结果状语从句。常见搭配如下：
s+adj./adv.+that…
s+adj.+a（n）+单数名词+that…
s+many/much/few/little（少）+n.+that…
（2）such…that…表示“如此……以至于……”, such修饰的是名词。常见搭配如下：
such+a（n）+adj.+单数名词+that…
such+adj.+复数名词/不可数名词+that…
（3）s that意为“因此, 结果”, 引导结果状语从句。s that还可表示“以便, 目的是”, 引导目的状语从句。
学以致用
（1）单句填空
①He had s little educatin that he was unfit fr this jb.
②It is s gd a film that I’d like t see it a secnd time.
（2）句型转换
③It was s fine a day that we went ut fr a walk.
→ It was such a fine day that we went ut fr a walk.
2.“make+宾语+宾补”结构
Tday, architects cntinue t explre ways t capture the beauty f natural frms, t mimic the way nature wrks r even t make natural rganisms part f a building.（教材P50）如今, 建筑师不断探寻捕捉自然形态之美的方法, 模仿自然运行的方式, 甚至让自然生物融为建筑的一部分。
典例翻译
①She sat him up and made him cmfrtable.
她帮他坐起来, 让他舒服一些。
②He dreamt that the Olympics wuld make it pssible fr peple f all cuntries t live side by side in peace.
他梦想着奥运会将有可能让所有国家的人民共同生活在和平之中。
③His jke made us laugh ur heads ff.
他讲的笑话逗得我们大笑不已。
④The teacher raised her vice t make herself heard.
老师提高自己的声音使自己被听见。
⑤We made Tm ur mnitr.
我们选汤姆当我们的班长。
归纳拓展
（1）“make+宾语+宾补”结构中, 宾语补足语可以由名词、形容词、过去分词等来充当; 该结构中一般不用现在分词充当宾补; 职务名词充当宾补时其前面不用加冠词。
（2）当不定式短语或从句等作宾语时, 多用it作形式宾语, 主要结构有：
make+it+adj./n.+（fr sb.）t d sth.
make+it+adj./n.+that从句
常用于这种结构的动词还有：think, cnsider, find, feel等。
学以致用
（1）单句填空
①The tw girls are s alike that strangers find it difficult t tell （tell）ne frm the ther.
②We thught it n use explaining t him what had happened here because he didn’t care.
（2）完成句子
③专家们认为, 这种不间断的交流使英国人和美国人彼此理解起来更加容易。
This nn-stp cmmunicatin, the experts think, has made it easier fr British peple and Americans t understand each ther.
（3）单句写作
④我们如何让他们养成这种习惯?（2018全国Ⅲ卷）
Hw d we make it a habit fr them?
3. 状语从句的省略
T meet the needs f tday while prtecting the wrld f tmrrw may be a challenge, but even the simplest rganisms can help teach us hw t achieve this. （教材P51）保护明天的世界, 同时满足当下的需求, 这可能是一项挑战, 但即使是最简单的生物也能帮忙, 教我们如何实现这一目标。
典例翻译
①Wrk hard while/when （yu are）yung, r yu’ll regret.
少壮不努力, 老大徒伤悲。
②While （she was）walking alng the river bank, she was singing a pp sng.
她沿着河堤边走边唱着流行歌曲。
③Dn’t listen t music when/while （yu are）ding yur hmewrk.
做家庭作业的时候不要听音乐。
归纳拓展
当when, while, befre, after, unless, as if, if等引导的状语从句中的主语与主句主语一致或从句主语是it, 且从句谓语中含有be动词时, 可以省略从句中的主语和be动词。
学以致用
（1）句型转换
①If yu are accepted fr the jb, yu’ll be infrmed sn.
→ If accepted fr the jb , yu’ll be infrmed sn.
②While he was playing with his children utdrs, the father felt very happy.
→ While playing with his children utdrs , the father felt very happy.
③He wn’t cme unless he is invited.
→He wn’t cme unless invited .
（2）单句写作
④一天放学后, 当我在这座宏伟的山上探索绿色的森林时, 我差点摔倒在一截楼梯上。（2018天津卷）
One day after schl, while explring the green wds f this magnificent muntain, I almst fell n a set f stairs.
素养达标·迁移创新
Ⅰ. 语境填词
根据语境和汉语提示写出单词的正确形式。
1.Keep yur eye n this frntier （前沿）; steam heat frm the earth may ne day help keep yu warm.
2.This suggested that matter can be cnverted （转化） int energy, and vice versa.
3.Chinese peple regard the ltus （莲花） as a sign f purity.
4.Ideas will cme t yu easily and sme will prve t be superb （极好的）.
5.The architect （建筑师） was presented with a blank cheque t design a new city centre.
6.T mimic （模仿） his distinctive ending fr many f his shrt stries, we will leave the readers t draw their wn cnclusin.
7.The city’s 1,040 kilmeters f the waterfrnt （滨水地区） gives it the largest harbr in the wrld.
8.There Jhn built his wn split-level huse with electricity and plumbing （管道系统）.
Ⅱ. 语境选词
根据语境用方框内短语的正确形式填空。
1. Based n what we knw nw, yu cannt clne animals that have been extinct lnger than 10,000 years.
2.It is s cld that yu can’t g utside unless fully cvered in thick clthes.
3.Remember, I’m nt a beggar; I dn’t want t be fed with leftvers frm the rich man’s table.
4.The reprt fund that yungsters felt their friendships culd be at risk if they did nt respnd t scial media psts quickly, and arund the clck.
5.We must never lse sight f the fact that man must live in harmny with nature.
6.It was dark in the rm and we culdn’t see much at first, but after a few minutes ur eyes was/gt used t the darkness.
7.Sme f us always take it fr granted that ur parents r grandparents shuld take care f us.
8.By studying ld phts f the previus Amber Rm, they have made the new ne lk like the ld ne.
Ⅲ. 课文语法填空
We’re s familiar with nature that we seldm take 1. a secnd thught abut it, but sme artists take inspiratin frm it. Barcelna’s frest-like Sagrada Familia and Beijing’s Water Cube are gd 2. examples （example）. Singapre’s ArtScience Museum is anther example fr peple t enjy the 3. explratin （explre） f the relatinship between art and science. The building was designed 4. t shw （shw） the cnnectin between nature and the mdern city envirnment in which it sits. Besides, Harare’s Eastgate Centre, 5. which was created by Zimbabwean architect Mick Pearce while he was watching a nature dcumentary in which termites were cnstructing their nests, 6. is （be） a superb example f bimimicry. Als, the wrld’s first algae-pwered building is in Hamburg, Germany, whse surface 7. is cvered （cver） in panels that cntain algae and the algae are fed with liquid nutrients and carbn dixide t encurage them t grw. These buildings enable us t live in clser harmny 8. with ur envirnment. It may be a challenge t meet the needs f tday while 9. prtecting （prtect） the wrld f tmrrw, 10. but even the simplest rganisms can help teach us hw t achieve this.主题学习目标
通过本单元的学习, 加深学生对大自然动植物和人类关系及其重要性等的了解, 培养学生观察大自然和热爱大自然的能力。
语言能力目标
核心单词
architect, superb, frntier, pnd, sw, wisdm, emply, bat, physician, bw, rural, decent, ctage, withdraw, dmestic, depresive, purity, resign, btanical, reject, ease, attain, evaluate
重点词块
stick with, be based n, be fed with, be cnverted int, in harmny with, meet the needs f, respnd t, seek slutins t, take in spiratin frm, take.. fr granted, at ease with
单元语法
非谓语动词作主语、宾语和表语（Nn-finite frms as subject, bject and predicative）
写作能力
利用本单元所学知识、技能和策略能够写一篇因违背自然规律而得到教训的短文。
教材原文
Nature in Architecture
Trees, plants and flwers are all arund us and we enjy their beauty every day. In fact, we are s used t them that we may even take them fr granted withut realising hw much inspiratin they have given us. When we lk at a pine cne, we might think hw much it lks like the tiles n a rf. An pen flwer might make us think hw clsely it resembles an umbrella. It is natural t think in this way, but f curse it wasn’t the umbrella that inspired the flwer r the rf that inspired the pine cne.
Nature has inspired many f the mst fascinating designs arund us, including thse in architecture. Frm Barcelna’s frest-like Sagrada Familia t the mdern style f Beijing’s Water Cube, nature is presented in varius architectural designs. Tday, architects cntinue t explre ways t capture the beauty f natural frms, t mimic the way nature wrks r even t make natural rganisms part f a building.
ArtScience Museum, Singapre
Peple whse interest is explring the relatinship between art and science will enjy Singapre’s ArtScience Museum. The building was designed t shw the cnnectin between nature and the mdern city envirnment in which it sits. Shaped t resemble a ltus flwer, it appears t flat abve the waterfrnt prmenade and the water that surrunds it. Its rf cllects rainwater and channels it 35 metres dwn t a waterfall in the centre f the space. The water is then recycled thrugh the building’s plumbing system. Visitrs are ften amazed t find themselves in an urban building that s truly captures the beauty f natural frms.
The Eastgate Centre, Harare
Harare’s Eastgate Centre is a superb example f bimimicry. T use bimimicry is t create structures based n natural frms and prcesses. Zimbabwean architect Mick Pearce was inspired t create the Centre while watching a nature dcumentary in which termites were cnstructing their nests. The insects built munds cvered in little hles designed t allw air t mve freely in and ut f the munds. In a similar way, the Eastgate Centre has a “skin” cvered in hles. During the day, warm air is drawn int the building thrugh the hles, cling as it reaches the middle f the building. At night, the heat absrbed by the wall during the day warms the cl air, creating a cmfrtable temperature inside. The design reduces the need fr traditinal air cnditining and heating systems, s the building uses less energy and csts less t run.
The Algae Huse, Hamburg
The wrld’s first algae-pwered building is in Hamburg, Germany. The surface f the apartment building is cvered in panels that cntain algae. The algae are fed with liquid nutrients and carbn dixide t encurage them t grw. In bright sunshine, they grw faster and prvide shade. The panels als capture heat frm the sun and cnvert it int energy that pwers the building. And that’s nt all-the algae inside the panels can be harvested and used t prduce fuel. The building therefre nt nlyrespnds t its envirnment and uses less energy, but als reduces damage t the envirnment by generating its wn renewable energy.
Creating buildings such as these enables us t live in clser harmny with ur envirnment. T meet the needs f tday while prtecting the wrld f tmrrw may be a challenge, but even the simplest rganisms can help teach us hw t achieve this.
教材译文
建筑中的自然元素
我们身边都有花、草、树木, 并且每天都能欣赏到它们的美。事实上, 我们已经习惯了它们的存在, 甚至我们可能把它们视为理所当然, 却没有意识到它们给了我们多少灵感。看到一个松果, 我们可能会想它看起来多么像屋顶上的瓦片; 看到一朵绽开的花, 我们可能会觉得它和雨伞是多么相似。以这种方式思考是很自然的, 但当然不是雨伞给了花朵灵感, 也不是屋顶给了松果灵感。
我们身边许多最迷人的设计, 包括建筑设计, 它们的灵感都来自大自然。从巴塞罗那的森林般的圣家族大教堂到现代风格的北京水立方, 在各式各样的建筑设计中都能发现自然元素。如今, 建筑师不断探寻捕捉自然形态之美的方法,模仿自然运行的方式, 甚至让自然生物融为建筑的一部分。
新加坡艺术科学博物馆
对探索艺术与科学的关系感兴趣的人会乐于参观新加坡的艺术科学博物馆。该建筑旨在展示自然和现代城市环境之间的联系。它的形状像一朵莲花, 漂浮在海滨长廊上, 四周被水环绕。它的屋顶可收集雨水, 雨水顺着管道向下35米到达博物馆中心的瀑布。然后, 水通过建筑的管道系统循环使用。当置身于这样一座真实地捕捉到自然形态之美的城市建筑中时, 参观者常常叹为观止。
哈拉雷东门大厦
哈拉雷东门大厦是极好的仿生学范例, 利用仿生技术, 在自然形态和过程的基础上创造建筑结构。津巴布韦建筑师米克·皮尔斯在一部大自然纪录片中看到白蚁筑造蚁穴, 从中得到启发, 从而设计了东门大厦。这种昆虫搭建表面覆有小洞的蚁丘, 以保证蚁丘内外部的空气流通。东门大厦也用了相似的方法, 大厦的“皮肤”上设计了很多洞。白天, 暖空气通过洞口引入建筑内部, 在流向建筑中部的过程中冷却下来。夜间, 墙壁在白天吸收的热量使冷空气变暖, 创造着适宜的内部温度条件。该设计减少了对传统空调和供暖系统的需求, 因此建筑运行能耗和成本都较低。
汉堡藻屋
世界上第一座藻类能源建筑位于德国汉堡。公寓楼表面覆盖着含有藻类的面板。藻类以液体营养素和二氧化碳为养料, 促进自身生长。阳光明媚的时候, 它们长得更快, 可以遮阴。这些面板还可以吸收太阳的热量, 并转化为电能, 给建筑物供电。除此之外, 面板内的藻类可以收集起来, 做燃料用。因此, 该建筑不仅能够适应环境, 减少能耗,而且自身可以产生可再生能源, 减少对环境的危害。
创造这样的建筑物能够使我们与我们的环境更和谐地相处。保护明天的世界, 同时满足当下的需求, 这可能是一项挑战, 但即使是最简单的生物也能帮忙, 教我们如何实现这个目标。
句型公式
take…fr granted 认为……理所当然
教材原句
In fact, we are s used t them that we may eventakethemfr granted withut realising hw much inspiratin they have given us. 事实上, 我们如此习惯它们的存在, 以至于甚至我们可能把它们视为理所当然, 却没有意识到它们给了我们多少灵感。
中文例句
我们应该感谢父母的爱, 而不应视其为理所应当之事。
句式仿写
We shuld be grateful t ur parents’ lve instead f taking it fr granted.
句型公式
强调句型
教材原句
It is natural t think in this way, but f curseit wasn’t the umbrella that inspired the flwer r the rfthatinspired the pine cne. 以这种方式思考是很自然的, 但当然不是雨伞给了花朵灵感, 也不是屋顶给了松果灵感。
中文例句
他们是在史密斯先生建立的实验室里完成这个实验的。
句式仿写
It was in the lab that was set up by Mr Smith that they finished the experiment.
Nature in Architecture
ArtScience Museum, Singapre
◆It’s designed t shw the 1. cnnectin between nature and the mdern city envirnment.
◆It’s shaped t 2. resemble a ltus flwer.
◆Its rf cllects rainwater and 3. channels it 35 metres dwn t a waterfall.
The Eastgate Centre, Harare
◆Zimbabwean architect Mick Pearce 4. was inspired t create it while watching termites 5. cnstructing their nests.
◆It has a“skin”6. cvered in hles.
◆It uses 7. less energy and csts less t run.
The Algae Huse, Hamburg
◆Its 8. surface is cvered in panels that cntain algae.
◆The panels capture heat frm the sun and 9. cnvert it int energy.
◆It can generate its wn 10. renewable energy.
in harmny with, be/get used t, take sth. fr granted, be based n, respnd t, be cvered in, be fed with, lk like