山东省临沂市2021年中考英语试题（解析版）

这是一份山东省临沂市2021年中考英语试题（解析版），共18页。试卷主要包含了 A等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2021年临沂市初中学业水平考试试题
英 语
注意事项：
1. 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，共10页。满分100分，考试时间100分钟。答卷前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、座号填写在试卷和答题卡规定的位置。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
2. 答题注意事项见答题卡，答在本试卷上不得分。
第I卷（选择题 共55分）
一、听力测试（共15小题，计15分）
注意：听力测试分四部分，共20小题。做题时，请先将答案画在试卷上，录音内容结束后，将所选答案转涂到答题卡上。
（一）听句子，选择与句子内容相对应的图片。每个句子读两遍。
A. B. C.
D. E. F.
1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________ .
（二）听对话和问题，根据所听内容，选择最佳答案。对话和问题都读两遍。
6. A. Science. B. History. C. Art.
7. A. On August 3rd. B. On August 2nd. C. In July.
8. A. 100 dollars. B. 80 dollars. C. 60 dollars.
9. A. By car. B. By bike. C. On foot.
10. A. Call up Cindy to say sorry.
B. Go to Cindy’s house with some flowers.
C. Write Cindy a letter to say sorry.
（三）听短文，根据短文内容，判断下列句子正误，正确的用“A”表示，不正确的用“B”表示。短文读两遍。听短文前，你们有20秒钟的时间阅读下列句子。
11. Eric is a beautiful white pet cat.
12. Eric was chosen as the Most Caring Cat this year.
13. Jack Brown is a British officer now.
14. Jack used to get angry easily and argue with anyone.
15. Eric helped Jack by jumping up and down and getting his attention.
请考生们翻到第7页，先找到第五大题。你们将有5秒钟的准备时间。
二、单项填空（共8小题，计8分）
选择最佳答案。
1. We’ll have a class meeting ________ 3:30 this afternoon.
A. in B. on C. at
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：今天下午三点半我们要开班会。
考查时间介词用法。in后接某年某月；on后接具体一天；at后接具体时刻。“3:30”是具体的时刻，故选C。
2. Everyone knows now that plastic pollution is ________ huge problem for the environment.
A. a B. an C. /
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：现在每个人都知道塑料污染是一个巨大的环境问题。
考查冠词用法。根据“ plastic pollution is ... huge problem”可知此处泛指一个巨大的问题，huge以辅音音素开头，其前用不定冠词a。故选A。
3. Remember to use sunglasses to stop the sun from ________ directly in your eyes.
A. shine B. shining C. to shine
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：记得戴太阳镜，以免阳光直射眼睛。
考查非谓语动词。短语stop sb/sth from doing阻止……做某事.from是介词，后接动名词作宾语，故选B。
4. The minute the alarm clock ________, I got up and took a quick shower.
A. went by B. went out C. went off
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：闹钟一响，我就起床冲了个澡。
考查动词短语。went by时间逝去；went out熄灭；went off突然发出响声；根据“the alarm clock”可知，此处指的是“闹钟突然发出响声”，故选C。
5. ________ English has a history of over 2,500 years, the first English dictionary didn’t appear until the 17th century.
A. Because B. Although C. Unless
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：虽然英语有2500多年的历史，但第一本英语词典直到17世纪才出现。
考查连词辨析。because因为；although尽管；unless除非。“English has a history of over 2,500 years”与“the first English dictionary didn’t appear until the 17th century”是让步关系，用although引导让步状语从句，故选B。
6. You and I are lucky as we’ve ________ had to worry about finding clean water.
A. often B. usually C. never
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：你和我都很幸运，因为我们从来不用担心找不到干净水。
考查副词。often经常；usually通常；never从不；根据“had to worry about finding clean water”可知，从不担心找不到干净的水，应用never表示，故选C。
7. During the 16th century, Europe saw rich developments in science, medicine and the arts. People had to “invent” words ________ new ideas.
A. to express B. expresses C. express
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：在16世纪，欧洲在科学、医学和艺术方面有了丰富的发展。人们不得不“发明”词语来表达新思想。
考查非谓语。分析句子结构可知，空处表达的是“为了表达新的想法”，应用不定式作目的状语，故选A。
8. — Excuse me, could you tell me ________?
— Sure. You can take the No. 2 bus from here and get off in front of the cinema.
A. when Sun Cinema closes today
B. how I can get to Sun Cinema
C. how can I get to Sun Cinema
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——打扰一下，你可以告诉我我如何到达太阳电影院吗？——当然。你可以从这里乘2路公共汽车，在电影院前面下车。
考查宾语从句。宾语从句遵循陈述语序，排除C选项。根据答语“You can take the No. 2 bus from here and get off in front of the cinema”可知，是询问如何到电影院，故选B。
三、完形填空（共8小题，计8分）
根据短文内容，从方框中选出恰当的单词或短语填空，使语意通顺完整。
A. that have died B. that has grown up C. make their city greener D. ask for help E. celebrates
In San Francisco, there is a special group of volunteers. They call themselves Friends of the Urban (城市的) Forest (FUF). These volunteers want to ____9____. Every year, the FUF plants nearly 1,000 trees.
The FUF welcomes new volunteers all year round and in all parts of its work. On Weekend Planting Days, FUF volunteers work with common citizens (市民) to plant trees. The planting usually runs from 9 a.m. to 1 p.m. After the work is done, everyone ____10____ over a community lunch.
On Thursday Planting Days, the FUF plants “replacement (替换) trees”. As their name suggests, these trees replace trees ____11____. Planting Leaders are very experienced volunteers. They are able to help other volunteers at planting events. Planting Leaders usually wear a special FUF T-shirt. Some new volunteers know little about “replacement trees”. They can easily find Planting Leaders and ____12____.
【答案】9. C 10. E
11. A 12. D
【解析】
【分析】本文介绍了旧金山的一个特殊支援小组的主要工作内容。
【9题详解】
句意：这些志愿者想让他们的城市更环保。根据“the FUF plants nearly 1,000 trees”可知，种树可以让城市更环保，C选项“make their city greener 让他们的城市更加绿色”符合，故选C。
【10题详解】
句意：工作完成后，每个人都在社区午餐上庆祝。根据“After the work is done”及备选词，可知，工作完成后会庆祝，E选项“celebrates庆祝”符合，故选E。
【11题详解】
句意：顾名思义，这些树取代了已经死去的树。根据“these trees replace trees…”可知，新的树会替代某些树，备选词A选项“that have died已经死的”符合，故选A。
【12题详解】
句意：他们可以很容易地找到种植领袖并寻求帮助。根据“Some new volunteers know little about “replacement trees””可知，寻找对方是要寻求帮助，D选项“ask for help寻求帮助”符合，故选D。
根据短文内容，从方框中选出恰当的单词或短语填空，使语意通顺完整。
A. so that B. set up C. in order to D. whenever E. make sure
In 1995, the FUF ____13____ a program called Tree Care. The purpose is to improve the health of street trees in San Francisco. The FUF’s tree experts make “house calls” to every newly-planted street tree once a month. They ____14____ the trees are growing well. Through Tree Care, people learn why trees are important and how to take care of them.
There are also Emergency Tree Care Volunteers at the FUF. These volunteers save young trees that have fallen or are leaning (倾斜). They set out to work ____15____ the FUF informs (通知) them of a tree in need.
The FUF sends newsletters to people ____16____ plant a love for trees in every citizen. It also offers tree tours and planting training. The FUF’s Youth Program trains teenagers like you to plant and care for trees.
【答案】13. B 14. E
15. D 16. C
【解析】
【分析】文章介绍了FUF成立了一个名为树木护理的项目，以及这个项目的目的以及工作情况。
【13题详解】
句意：1995年，FUF成立了一个名为树木护理的项目。根据“a program called Tree Care”及备选词汇可知，此处指的是“成立项目”，故选B。
【14题详解】
句意：他们确保树木生长良好。根据“The FUF’s tree experts make “house calls” to every newly-planted street tree once a month.”FUF的树木专家每个月对每棵新种植的街道树进行一次“上门拜访”。可知，这样做的目的是确保树木健康成长，故选E。
【15题详解】
句意：无论什么时候，只要FUF通知他们有一棵树需要帮助，他们就会工作。根据句意及备选词汇可知，此处指的是“无论何时”，故选D。
【16题详解】
句意：FUF向人们发送时事通讯，以便让每一个公民种植一棵爱心树。分析句子可知，“The FUF sends newsletters to people”的目的是“plant a love for trees in every citizen”，此处应用in order to“为了”，故选C。
四、阅读理解（共12小题，计24分）
A
Have you ever imagined what life will be like in 2060? An international group of forty scientists have made some surprising predictions. They said that in the next forty years, our lives would change beyond our wildest dreams.
Firstly, humans can grow body parts themselves. Dr. Ellen Heber-Katz is one of the forty scientists. He says, “People will think it common that sick organs (器官) can be repaired. It’s just like the way we fix a car.” Damaged parts will be taken away. Scientists could use human cells (细胞) to grow new organs. New technologies like this will also help people to live longer. Within forty years, most people will be able to live up to one hundred years.
Secondly, the scientists have predicted that a machine will be invented to “read” the minds of animals. In 2060, we will be able to “talk” to animals. Scientists say that humans may first “talk” with mammals (哺乳动物) and then other vertebrates (脊椎动物) such as fish.
Our houses might also change beyond our imagination. Dr. Susan Greenfield predicts that when you enter the living room, sensors (传感器) will know you. They will turn on the lights. If you talk to the lights, they will change to the color of your choice.
But what would be the biggest breakthrough (突破) over the next forty years? A number of scientists believe it would be the discovery of aliens. NASA scientist Chris Mckay says, “We may find aliens in space and talk with them.” He believes marks of alien life may even be found here on Earth.
Does life in 2060 sound cool to you? Let’s wait and see what will really happen then!
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
17. Which of the following is mentioned in the passage?
A. In 2060, humans may be able to communicate with dogs and aliens.
B. Most people will be able to live up to two hundred years in forty years.
C. The sensors will turn off the lights after you leave the living room in 2060.
18. Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? (P1=Paragraph 1)
A. B. C.
19. The writer wrote the passage in a ________ tone (语气).
A. scary B. surprising C. disappointing
20. What is the best title for the passage?
A. Life in 2060 B. The Biggest Breakthrough C. How to Live Longer
【答案】17. A 18. C 19. B 20. A
【解析】
【分析】文章是对2060年的生活进行畅想。
【17题详解】
细节理解题。根据“In 2060, we will be able to “talk” to animals.”以及“We may find aliens in space and talk with them.”可知，到2060年，人类或许能够与狗狗和外星人交流。故选A。
【18题详解】
篇章结构题。根据文章的理解可知，第一段总体指出2060年我们的生活将改变，超出我们最疯狂的梦想；第二、三、四、五段分别从不同的方面介绍2060年的生活中的改变；第六段再次总结让我们期待2060年的生活会是什么样子，C选项的结构划分符合，故选C。
【19题详解】
推理判断题。根据“They said that in the next forty years, our lives would change beyond our wildest dreams.”以及“Does life in 2060 sound cool to you? Let’s wait and see what will really happen then!”可知，2060年的生活的改变将超出我们最疯狂的梦想，是令人惊讶的，所以作者是以令人惊叹的语气写出这篇文章，故选B。
【20题详解】
最佳标题题。根据整个文章的理解及“Does life in 2060 sound cool to you? Let’s wait and see what will really happen then!”可知，文章主要是畅想2060年的生活，故选A。
B
Which country grows the most tea? The answer is India. It grows three times as much as China. Which country drinks the most tea? It’s neither China nor Japan. It’s Great Britain.
In the wild, tea plants may be 9 meters tall. But a plant grown for market is pruned. Pruning keeps the plant only 0.9 or 1.2 meters tall. This is an easy height for tea picking. Only the two top leaves and bud (芽) of each new shoot are picked. So to make money, tea plantations (种植园) must be huge.
In general, there are two kinds of tea: black tea and green tea. Black tea is fermented (发酵). In the process, the tea loses nearly all of its healthy parts. Green tea is steamed (蒸) right after the leaves are picked. Green tea keeps its healthy parts. For example, it may prevent heart illness.
How did we get tea bags? The answer: by accident. Tea businessmen used to send samples (样品) in tin (锡) boxes. This was very expensive. One businessman thought of a cheaper way. He sent samples in small silk bags. Customers would open the bag. They would make tea as usual. One customer put the bag into a pot. Then he just poured hot water over it. And the tea bag was born.
Shen Nong was the first to drink tea. He was a Chinese emperor. This was about 2737 B.C. Shen drank several cups of hot water daily. One day something happened. Leaves from a wild tea tree fell into the hot water pot. The next cup was poured. The water was now colored. Shen tasted it. He liked it. He drank it all. Shen was proud of his new drink. He served it to his guests. Word spread. People thought this way: tea is good enough for the Emperor, so it must be good enough for the people. Tea became the drink of China.
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
21. The writer starts the passage by ________.
A. telling an interesting story
B. comparing some information
C. giving several useful suggestions
22. In Paragraph Two the underlined word “pruned” means “________” in Chinese.
A. 删除 B. 采摘 C. 修剪
23. After reading the passage, it seems clear that ________.
A. tea and tea bags were invented by accident
B. black tea is healthier than green tea
C. tea is better for you than any other drink
24. The passage mainly tells us ________.
A. the popularity of tea bags
B. the ways of making green tea and black tea
C. the discovery and development of tea
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. C
【解析】
【分析】文章介绍了有关茶的发展历史以及世界上产茶最多的国家以及喝茶最多的国家等。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Which country grows the most tea? The answer is India. It grows three times as much as China. Which country drinks the most tea? It’s neither China nor Japan. It’s Great Britain.”可知，文章通过自问自答的比较的方式开始文章的描述，故选B。
【22题详解】
词义猜测题。根据“In the wild, tea plants may be 9 meters tall.”以及“Pruning keeps the plant only 0.9 or 1.2 meters tall.”可知，原本能够长9米高的茶树，让它保持在0.9到1.2米之间是需要修剪才可以的，所以单词“pruned”指的是“修剪”，故选C。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据“One customer put the bag into a pot. Then he just poured hot water over it. And the tea bag was born.”以及“Leaves from a wild tea tree fell into the hot water pot. The next cup was poured. The water was now colored. Shen tasted it. He liked it. He drank it all. Shen was proud of his new drink.”可知，茶和茶包都是偶然间发明的，故选A。
【24题详解】
主旨大意题。根据整个文章的理解可知，文章主要是介绍茶的发现以及发展历史，故选C。
C
On Saturday morning, Tom Sawyer had to paint his aunt’s fence (栅栏). Tom looked at the thirty meters of wide fence and felt bad. He thought of the fun he had planned for the day. Soon the free boys would go out to play, and they would laugh at him for having to work. He felt even worse. ____25____
Soon Ben Rogers appeared, eating an apple. Tom ignored (不理) him and continued painting. He stopped and looked at his work like an artist. “Hello, Tom. I’m going swimming. Don’t you wish you could? But of course, you have to work.”
Tom looked at Ben, then said, “What do you call work?”
“Isn’t this work?”
Tom continued painting, and answered, “Well, maybe it is, and maybe it isn’t. All I know is, I like it.”
“Do you really like it?”
“____26____”
That made it sound different. Ben stopped eating his apple. Tom moved his brush carefully backwards and forwards and stepped back to look. Ben watched every move, getting more interested. Presently, he said, “Hey, Tom, let me paint a little.”
Tom thought, and then said, “No, I don’t think so, Ben. Aunt Polly wants this fence painted carefully because it’s on the street. It’s difficult to do it right.”
“Come on, let me try.”
“I’d like to, Ben. But Aunt Polly won’t even let my brother Sid do it.”
“I’ll be careful. I’ll give you my apple.”
____27____ While Ben was working in the sun, Tom sat under a tree eating the apple and thinking how to catch more boys. And there were lots of them. Boys came to make fun, but stayed to paint. By the time Ben was tired, Tom had exchanged the next turn with Billy Fisher for a good kite, and then Johnny Miller, and so on. ____28____ He had learned that to make someone want something, you only have to make it difficult to get.
根据短文内容，从方框中选出四个选项填入文中空缺处，使短文内容通顺完整。有一项剩余。
A. All of the boys were glad to paint this fence because they could get Tom’s toys if they did.
B. Tom gave Ben his brush with reluctance (勉强) on his face, but with happiness in his heart.
C. Suddenly he had an idea. He took his brush and started painting.
D. By the time he had no more paint, he had had lots of toys and treasures, and the fence had had three coats of paint.
E. Why not? Does a boy get a chance to paint a fence every day?
【答案】25. C 26. E 27. B 28. D
【解析】
【分析】文章选自《汤姆索亚历险记》，这段内容主要讲聪明的汤姆是如何让别的孩子帮助他粉刷篱笆的。
【25题详解】
根据“Tom ignored him and continued painting.”可知在此之前已经拿起刷子开始粉刷篱笆了，C项“突然，他有了一个主意。他拿起刷子开始粉刷。”符合语境。故选C。
【26题详解】
根据“Do you really like it?”可知本问汤姆是否真的喜欢粉刷篱笆，结合“Tom moved his brush carefully backwards and forwards and stepped back to look.”可知汤姆表现成很喜欢粉刷篱笆的样子，E项“为什么不呢？一个男孩每天都有机会粉刷篱笆吗？”符合语境。故选E。
27题详解】
根据“While Ben was working in the sun”可知汤姆让本粉刷篱笆了，B项“汤姆把刷子递给本，脸上带着不情愿，但心里却很高兴。”符合语境。故选B。
【28题详解】
根据“By the time Ben was tired, Tom had exchanged the next turn with Billy Fisher for a good kite, and then Johnny Miller, and so on.”可知大家都争着粉刷篱笆，D项“等到他的油漆都用光的时候，他已经有了许多玩具和宝贝，而且篱笆已经刷了三层漆了。”符合语境。故选D。
第Ⅱ卷（非选择题 共45分）
五、听写（共5小题，计5分）
听对话，根据对话内容完成下列句子，每空词数不限。对话读三遍。听对话前，你们有20秒钟的时间阅读下列句子。
44. When will Mary leave for Britain?
She will leave for Britain next ________.
45. How is Mary now?
She is excited, but a little ________, too.
46. Why should Mary always look to the right before she crosses the road in Britain?
Because the British drive ________.
47. What should Mary take with her to Britain?
She should take an ________ and some warm clothes.
48. What should Mary always say when she asks for something in Britain?
She should always say “________” and “thank you”.
六、词形转换（共8小题，计8分）
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，每空限填一词。
29. Students across China buy 2,800 million new ________ every year. ( textbook )
【答案】textbooks
【解析】
【详解】句意：中国学生每年购买28亿册新教科书。空格前有“2,800 million”修饰，名词应用复数形式，故填textbooks。
30. Our classroom used to be on the ________ floor of that building. ( four )
【答案】fourth##4th
【解析】
【详解】句意：我们的教室过去在那栋楼的第四层。此处表示“第四层”，用序数词表顺序，故填fourth/4th。
31. In 1920, the ________ first three-color traffic light was put to use. ( world )
【答案】world’s
【解析】
【详解】句意：1920年，世界上第一个三色交通灯投入使用。空处修饰的是其后的名词“traffic light”，应用所有格作定语，world的所有格应是world’s，故填world’s。
32. Yesterday Alice tried paragliding and she enjoyed ________ very much. ( her )
【答案】herself
【解析】
【详解】句意：昨天爱丽丝尝试滑翔伞，她玩得很开心。根据句意可知，此处表达的是“玩的开心”，enjoy oneslf“玩得高兴”，是固定短语，此处应用反身代词，故填herself。
33. The earlier you travel ________, the better you can learn the lessons traveling can teach you. ( wide )
【答案】widely
【解析】
【详解】句意：你越早广泛地旅行，你就能更好地学到旅行教给你的东西。此空修饰动词travel，要用副词，故填widely。
34. Soft music can help us fall ________ faster and wake up less during the night. ( sleep )
【答案】asleep
【解析】
【详解】句意：轻音乐可以帮助我们入睡更快，夜间醒来更少。根据“fall”及提示词可知，此处用fall asleep表示“睡着”，故填asleep。
35. A Christmas Carol was written to make every reader think about how they could make a ________ to their society. ( different )
【答案】difference
【解析】
【详解】句意：写《圣诞颂歌》是为了让每个读者思考他们如何能给社会带来影响。空格前有a修饰，此处应用名词形式，且要用单数形式，different的名词是difference，故填difference。
36. Our four-week Earth Camp is a fun and ________ summer camp for children aged 6 to 15. Kids enjoy time outdoors while learning about the earth. (education)
【答案】educational
【解析】
【详解】句意：我们为期四周的地球夏令营是一个针对6至15岁的孩子的有趣和有教育意义的夏令营。孩子们喜欢在户外学习地球知识。根据“a fun and ... summer camp”可知名词前缺少定语，and连接两个并列的形容词，用education的形容词形式educational表示“有教育意义的”。故填educational。
七、动词应用（共7小题，计7分）
根据短文内容，用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词或情态动词。
Kids in the Forest
When I picked up my son from preschool (幼儿园) one recent summer afternoon, he looked dirty from head to foot. He told me how he and his classmates played in the nearby forest. It was a hot day, so they took off their shoes to put their feet in the river. He ____37____ (describe) excitedly to me the wonderful feeling of the cool river water.
This isn’t a typical preschool in the United States. It’s a forest school. A large part of my son’s school day takes place across 1,000 square meters of forest and wetlands.
Today’s kids are under great pressure. It is believed that the road to a “good” college begins as early as preschool, and even four-year-olds ____38____ (require) to read and memorize new words every day. So outdoor time for children ____39____ (become) less and less now. This has caused many problems, such as an increase іn оbеѕіtу (肥胖) аnd dерrеѕѕіоn (抑郁) among children.
More and more parents ____40____ (realize) the importance of outdoor play. In the past few years, we have seen an increasing interest in forest schools. The number of forest schools in the U.S. has jumped from 20 in 2008 to 250. Unlike children in traditional schools, forest school kids spend their day studying ant hills or even ____41____ (climb) tall trees. There are no direct instructions.
So are forest schools really better for today’s children than traditional preschools? The answer ____42____ (depend) largely on whom you ask. Personally, I prefer forest schools. Since he started to attend forest school, my son has been more active and brighter with improved problem-solving skills. He has learned how to deal with small dangers and how ____43____ (protect) the environment. Most importantly, my son is excited to go to school every day.
Do you spend most of your time studying indoors? Remember to sometimes “hug” nature. It is good for you!
【答案】37. described
38. are required
39. is becoming
40. have realized
41. climbing
42. depends
43. to protect
【解析】
【分析】文中作者通过儿子在林间幼儿园的学校生活引发了对美国典型的幼儿园的思考，作者更倾向于林间幼儿园的教学理念，呼吁大家要“拥抱”自然。
【37题详解】
句意：他兴奋地向我描述了凉爽的河水的美妙感觉。根据上文可知本段用一般过去时讲最近一个夏天的下午的事情，用describe的过去式described。故填described。
【38题详解】
句意：人们认为，通往“好”大学的道路早在幼儿园时代就开始了，甚至四岁的孩子也被要求每天阅读和记忆新单词。and连接并列句，时态保持一致，用一般现在时，主语“four-year-olds”是复数，且是被要求阅读和记忆新单词，用一般现在时的被动语态，be动词用are，其后接require的过去分词形式required。故填are required。
【39题详解】
句意：所以现在孩子们的户外时间变得越来越少了。根据“now”可知要用现在进行时，其结构为be doing，主语“time”是不可数名词，be动词用is，become的现在分词形式为becoming。故填is becoming。
【40题详解】
句意：越来越多的家长已经意识到户外玩耍的重要性。根据“More and more parents ... (realize) the importance of outdoor play.”可知是到目前为止已经意识到户外玩耍的重要性，用现在完成时，主语“parents”是复数，其后用助动词have，realize的过去分词形式为realized。故填have realized。
【41题详解】
句意：与传统学校的孩子不同，森林学校的孩子每天都在学习蚂蚁山，甚至爬上高高的树。spend time doing sth.花费时间做某事，climb的动名词形式为climbing。故填climbing。
【42题详解】
句意：答案很大程度上取决于你问的是谁。根据上下文可知用一般现在时，主语“the answer”是单数，其后接动词的第三人称单数形式depends。故填depends。
【43题详解】
句意：他学会了如何处理小危险和如何保护环境。and连接并列成分，此处用“how+动词不定式”结构。故填to protect。
八、阅读表达（共5小题，计10分）
根据短文内容，回答下列问题。
A Friend to the Pilgrims
“I speak English.” When the Pilgrims (清教徒前辈美洲移民) heard these words, they were very surprised. The words came from Squanto, a Native American (印第安人). But how did he learn to speak English? As the Pilgrims would soon find out, this happened to be a long story.
In 1605, George Weymouth, an English captain (船长), was exploring America. People from England were interested in the Native Americans of this new land. When Weymouth came to Squanto’s village, he captured (俘获) five men. Squanto was not among them, but the little boy was curious (好奇的). He volunteered to go with Weymouth to England.
In England, a friend of Weymouth’s took good care of Squanto. But after nine years, Squanto felt homesick. In 1614, two English captains, John Smith and Thomas Hunt, asked Squanto to help them explore America. They promised to take Squanto to his home village after the trip. Squanto was happy and agreed to go. But after the trip, Captain Hunt broke his promise. Instead of bringing Squanto to see his family, he sold him to Spain as a slave (奴隶).
In Spain, some monks (僧侣) saved Squanto and looked after him for three years. Then, he joined another trip to North America. The trip was to Newfoundland. This was still far from Squanto’s home. Squanto returned to England in the end.
By now, Squanto had known many important men in England. They liked Squanto and wanted to help him. Finally, Squanto went back to his home village in 1619 with the help of them. But sadly, the village was empty. All of the villagers had died from an illness.
When the Pilgrims arrived in America in 1620, winter would soon come. They needed help. Squanto happened to be living close to their houses. He offered to help. Knowing the language and customs of Englishmen, Squanto helped the Pilgrims in many ways, including teaching them how to catch fish. The Pilgrims were really lucky to have such a good friend!
44. What did George Weymouth do when he came to Squanto’s village?
________________
45. Who helped Squanto return to his home village in the end?
________________
46. When did the Pilgrims arrive in America?
________________
47. How did Squanto help the Pilgrims?
________________
48. What do you think of Squanto? And why?
________________
【答案】44. He captured five Native Americans.
45. Many important men in England that Squanto knew.
46. In 1620.
47. He helped the Pilgrims in many ways, including teaching them how to catch fish.
48. He was big-hearted. Because he volunteered to go with Weymouth to England./He was forgiving. Because he offered to help the Pilgrims although some Englishmen were cruel to him./He was brave. Because he tried his best to go back home although he had to face so many difficulties. (Any reasonable answers are acceptable.)
【解析】
【分析】文章介绍了印第安人Squanto的坎坷的人生经历，以及他对清教徒前辈美洲移民的帮助。
【44题详解】
根据“George Weymouth, an English captain (船长), was exploring America. People from England were interested in the Native Americans of this new land. When Weymouth came to Squanto’s village, he captured (俘获) five men.”可知，当Weymouth来到Squanto所在的村庄时抓了五个印第安人，故填He captured five Native Americans.
【45题详解】
根据“By now, Squanto had known many important men in England. They liked Squanto and wanted to help him. Finally, Squanto went back to his home village in 1619 with the help of them.”可知，Squanto认识了许多英国的重要人物。他们喜欢Squanto，想帮助他。最后，Squanto在他们的帮助下于1619年回到了他的家乡，故填Many important men in England that Squanto knew。
【46题详解】
根据“When the Pilgrims arrived in America in 1620, winter would soon come.”可知，清教徒是1620年到达美洲，故填In 1620。
【47题详解】
根据“Squanto helped the Pilgrims in many ways, including teaching them how to catch fish.”可知，Squanto在许多方面帮助了清教徒，包括教他们如何捕鱼。故填He helped the Pilgrims in many ways, including teaching them how to catch fish.
【48题详解】
根据“When Weymouth came to Squanto’s village, he captured (俘获) five men. Squanto was not among them, but the little boy was curious (好奇). He volunteered to go with Weymouth to England.”说明，他是心胸宽广的，因为他自愿和Weymouth一起去英国。根据“In 1614...They promised to take Squanto to his home village after the trip. Squanto was happy and agreed to go...he sold him to Spain as a slave (奴隶).”以及“When the Pilgrims arrived in America in 1620, winter would soon come. They needed help. Squanto happened to be living close to their houses. He offered to help.”可知，他很宽容，因为他愿意帮助朝圣者，尽管有些英国人对他很残忍。根据“By now, Squanto had known many important men in England. They liked Squanto and wanted to help him. Finally, Squanto went back to his home village in 1619 with the help of them.”可知，他很勇敢。因为尽管他要面对很多困难，但他还是尽力回家了，故填He was big-hearted. Because he volunteered to go with Weymouth to England./He was forgiving. Because he offered to help the Pilgrims although some Englishmen were cruel to him./He was brave. Because he tried his best to go back home although he had to face so many difficulties. (Any reasonable answers are acceptable.)
九、书面表达（计15分)
49. 在你的学校生活、家庭生活、社会活动及兴趣爱好等方面，一定有让你引以为豪的事情。请以“ One Thing I’m Proud of ” 为题，根据以下要求与提示，用英语写一篇短文，记述一件令你感到自豪的事情。
要求：
1. 短文中不得出现任何真实人名、校名及其它相关信息, 否则不予评分；
2. 不少于60词。
提示：
1. What is the thing you’re proud of?
2. Why are you proud of it?
One Thing I’m Proud of
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文：
One Thing I’m Proud of
I still remember how I became good at English
Every English class used to be like a bad dream for me. I didn’t understand my teacher most of the time. One day, the teacher talked with me and gave me some useful advice. I began to review new words from time to time, even on the way to school. I read aloud to practice pronunciation. I watched English videos, and kept a diary in English. Whenever I met new words, I looked them up in a dictionary. I kept using English every day. Practice makes perfect. About two months later, I got an “A” in the final exam.
I am really proud of this experience, because it helps me realize that everyone can achieve their goals through hard work.
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】1. 题干解读：该题目属于提纲作文写作。在写作时应根据题目和提示内容以及相关经历讲述一件令自己感到自豪的事情，并介绍原因。
2. 写作指导：本文采用第一人称进行写作，时态以一般过去时为主；讲述自己英语学习的转变过程，具体细致；结尾介绍原因简洁有力，全文结构清晰明了。