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2022年北京市顺义区中考一模英语试题（含解析）
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这是一份2022年北京市顺义区中考一模英语试题（含解析），共31页。试卷主要包含了5 分，共6分）等内容，欢迎下载使用。
顺义区2022年初中学业水平考试第一次统一练习
英语试卷
学校____________班级____________姓名____________准考证号____________
第一部分
本部分共33题，共40分。在每题列出的四个选项中，选出最符合题目要求的一项。
—、单项填空（每题0.5 分，共6分）
从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. —Is this your mother’s car?
—No. ________ car is blue.
A My B. His C. Her D. Your
2. —When is World Reading Day?
—It’s ________ April 23rd every year.
A. on B. at C. of D. in
3. —________ do you like pandas?
—Because they are cute.
A. Where B. Why C. When D. What
4. — Hurry up, ________we’ll miss the bus.
— OK. I’m coming.
A. or B. and C. but D. so
5. — Tom, ________ I borrow your pencil, please?
— Sure. Here you are.
A. can B. must C. need D. should
6. —Who is ________ runner in our class?
—I think Li Ming is.
A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. the fastest
7. — Tina , how was your weekend?
— Great! We ________ a picnic in the park.
A. have B. had C. will have D. are having
8. —Where is your brother Amy?
—He ________ flowers in the garden.
A. watered B. waters C. is watering D. will water
9. If it is fine tomorrow, we ________ climbing together.
A. go B. will go C. have gone D. went
10. — My father ________ volunteer work in our community since 2020.
— Oh, he is so helpful.
A. does B. did C. has done D. will do
11. Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games ________ successfully in February.
A. holds B. is held C. held D. was held
12. —Tim, can you tell me ________ to the Science Museum?
—Last Friday.
A. when do you go B. when did you go
C. when you go D. when you went
二、完形填空（ 每题 1 分， 共 8 分）
阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
Some Actor
“What’s this—Ben is trying out for Mr. Zuckerman?” My ears burned at hearing my name. It was Lindsey, the most popular eighth-grader, looking at the tryout schedule for Charlotte’s Web. “What if he ruins（毁掉）the whole play? He’s never acted before.”
Lindsey was ___13___. I’d never been in a play. At lunch I told Trevor, my best friend, that I’d changed my mind. I’d join the technical crew（技术人员）instead.
It was fun to learn all the technical stuff and to watch the actors from backstage. By the third week I’d remembered everyone’s ___14___.
And then, only a week before the performance, Josh, who played Mr. Zuckerman, broke his leg. “We can’t get someone else ready by next week. We’ll have to put off or even cancel the play.” Mrs. Stevens told us.
Then I heard Trevor’s voice. “Ben can do it. He ____15____ all the lines.”
Mrs. Stevens asked, “Is that right?”
I nodded.
Mrs. Stevens clapped. “Ben, you’ve saved the show, but we have a lot of work to do. Ben, Lindsey—can you stay?”
Mrs. Stevens started us on the first act. I spewed（喷涌）my lines so ____16____ and it sounded like a movie on fast-forward. I even backed up too far and knocked over some scenery（舞台布景）．
Lindsey sighed. “Maybe we should put off the show until Ben gets better.”
I was ready to _____17_____ with her, but Mrs. Stevens spoke first. “No, we have some time yet. Let’s see how it goes tomorrow.”
The next day, Mrs. Stevens helped and taught me during lunch time. I _____18_____ a lot in the following days.
It was opening night. Before the play, my hands turned cold and sweaty. Throughout the whole opening scene, I stood backstage, frozen with fear.
The audience clapped. End of scene one. My entrance was next. The lights came up. I took a deep breath and walked on. It seemed like just a minute later that the play was over. I’d made it through without ____19____ a line or knocking anything over.
As we all walked offstage, Lindsey nudged（轻推）me and said, “You turned out to be some ____20____.”
I smiled. Maybe next year I’ll try out for the lead.
13. A. excited B. right C. surprised D. silent
14. A. lines B. actions C. characters D. attitudes
15. A. copies B. writes C. memorizes D. perfects
16. A. proudly B. clearly C. carefully D. quickly
17. A. agree B. talk C. argue D. discuss
18. A. wondered B. improved C. considered D. discovered
19. A. adding B. drawing C. forming D. missing
20. A. director B. leader C. actor D. trainer
三、阅读理解（ 每题 2 分， 共 26 分）
阅读下列短文， 根据短文内容， 从短文后各题 所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中， 选择最佳选项。
A
Your summer vacation is coming at the end of June this year. The following activities in the city can help you to have a colorlul vacation.
Paintings & Ca lligra phy（书法）
Great changes have taken place in China. To show love for the Communist Party of China, 100 students from different schools will use their pens and brushes to show you the great changes. For more information, call Lily at 152-5827, please.
Time：10:00—15:00
July 1st—July 15th, 2022
Closed on Mondays
Place：Achievement Hall
Inventions
To memorize Yuan Longping, Father of Hybrid Rice, people in our city will show you their greatest inventions on saving food. In the show, you can see a lot of new inventions from people at different ages. Guides will stay with you from the beginning to the end.
Time：13:30—16:00
August 10th—August 11th, 2022
Place：Sunshine Hall
A book on embroidery（刺绣）
The book Xun Xiu Ji has been named China’s most beautiful book. Zhang Shulin is the writer of it. We have invited Fan Deng to introduce it to us. For more information, call Linda at 679-8871, please.
Time：14:00—15:30
June 30th, 2022
Place：School Hall
Volunteers
To keep away from COVID-19, we’d better get vaccinated (接种疫苗）．But many people in our community are afraid of it. Please work for our community to tell them the importance of getting vaccinated and help to reduce the worries.
Time：13:30—15:00
July 15th—July 24th, 2022
Place：Community Office
21. In Achievement Hall, you will see ________.
A. a book B. some volunteers
C. many inventions D. some painting works
22. If you want to know more about the book, you should go to School Hall on ________.
A. July 1st B. August 10th C. June 30th D. July 15th
23. If Li Hua is a volunteer in the community, he should ________.
A introduce the book to students
B. help people to reduce the worries
C. show the great changes in China
D. invent something new to save food
B
My First Marathon
A month before my first marathon, one of my ankles was injured and this meant not running for two weeks, leaving me only two weeks to train. Yet, I was determined to go ahead.
I remember back to my seventh year in school. In my first PE class, the teacher required us to run laps and then hit a softball. I didn’t do either well. He later told me that I was “not athletic”.
The idea that I was “not athletic” stuck with me for years. When I started running at the age of 18, I realized running was a battle against myself, not about competition or whether or not I was athletic. It was all about the battle against my own body and mind. A test of wills（意志力）!
The night before my marathon, I dreamt that I couldn’t even find the finish line. I woke up sweating and nervous, but ready to prove something to myself.
Shortly after crossing the start line, my shoe laces（鞋带）became untied. So I stopped to readjust. Not the start I wanted!
At mile 3, I passed a sign: “GO FOR IT, RUNNERS!”
By mile 17, I became out of breath and the once injured ankle hurt badly. Despite the pain, I stayed the course walking a bit and then running again.
By mile 21, I was starving!
As I approached mile 23, I could see my parents waving a sign. They are my biggest fans. They never minded the alarm clock sounding at 4 a. m. or questioned my costs on running.
I was one of the final runners to finish. But I finished! And I got a medal. In fact, I got the same medal as the one that the guy who came in the first place had.
Determined to be myself, move forward, free of shame and worldly labels（ 世俗标签 ）can now call myself a “marathon winner”.
24. A month before the marathon, the writer ________.
A. was well trained B. felt scared
C. hurt his ankle D. lost hope
25. How was the writer’s first marathon?
A. He made it. B. He gave up halfway.
C. He won the first place. D. He walked to the end.
26. The story mainly tells us that ________.
A. running experience is necessary
B. training a lot makes us powerful
C. winning a race brings us a lot of fun
D. having strong wills is the key to success
C
We’ve known that sitting for long periods of time every day has countless health consequences（后果）, like a higher risk of heart disease. But now a new study has found that sitting is also bad for your brain.
A study published last week, conducted by Dr.Prabha Siddarth at the University of California, showed that sedentary（久坐不动的）behavior is related to reduced thickness of the medial temporal lobe（中颐叶）, a brain area that is critical to learning and memory.
The researchers asked a group of 35 healthy people, aged 45 to 70, about their activity levels and the average number of hours each day spent sitting and then scanned their brains. They found that the subjects who reported sitting for longer periods had the thinnest medial temporal lobes. It means that the more time you spend in a chair, the worse it is for your brain health, resulting in possible damage to learning and memory.
What is also interesting is that this study did not find a significant relation between the level of physical activity and thickness of this brain area, suggesting that exercise, even severe（剧烈的 ）exercise, may not be enough to protect you from the harmful effects of sitting.
It then surprisingly turned out that you don’t even have to move much to improve cognition（认知）; just standing will do the trick（获得成功）. For example, two groups of subjects were asked to complete a test while either sitting or standing. Participants were asked to name the color, like the word “green” in blue ink. Subjects thinking on their feet beat those who sat by 3 milliseconds.
The cognitive effects of severe physical exercise are well known. But the possibility that standing more and sitting less improves brain health could lower the standard for everyone.
I know, this all runs counter to（与……背道而驰）received ideas about deep thought, from our grade school teachers, who told us to sit down and focus, to Rodin’s famous “The Thinker”, seated with chin on his hand.
They were wrong. You can now all stand up.
27. What can we infer from Paragraph 3 and Paragraph 4?
A. Sedentary behavior will possibly damage our brain.
B. Severe exercise can greatly improve our brain health.
C Brain health has nothing to do with sedentary behavior.
D. Severe exercise can protect you from the harmful effects of sitting.
28. What is the received idea about deep thought?
A. We should stand while thinking.
B. Sitting is better when we think.
C. More exercise can improve cognition.
D. Sitting more is good for our mental health.
29. The passage mainly tells us _______.
A. people tend to sit while they are thinking
B. physical exercise can improve our brain health
C. standing more and sitting less can make our brain healthier
D. sedentary behavior will increase the thickness of the medial temporal lobe
D
Handwriting is gradually becoming a dying art. Most college students type nearly everything. Elementary and high schools across the country now view typing courses as the main choice. But what are we losing as handwriting loses its significance（重要性）in society? It’s brain power, according to some studies.
Researchers from Princeton University and the University of California conducted a series of studies to prove the differences between students who wrote out their notes and those who typed notes. Participants（参与者）took notes on a lecture using one of the two methods and were tested on the material 30 minutes after the lecture and again a week later. The results of the research appeared in Psychological Science. The authors of the study noted that, while past studies on this topic tended to focus on the distractions（干扰）that resulted from using a computer, in this study, participants were using the laptops only to take notes. And handwriting still emerged as（成为）the champion.
That’s not to say that typing doesn’t have its benefits. Clearvue Health recently took a deep dive into the findings of a study to assess pros and cons（评估利弊）of writing and typing. The typists could copy down significantly more words than the writers. But while more of the lecture’s content was retained in the computer when typing. The tests that the participants took proved this. On the test 30 minutes after the lecture, typists and writers did more or less equally well on questions about the basic facts of the lecture, but typists faltered（结巴）when it came to more conceptual questions. Students who take handwritten notes need to quickly process the lesson and rewrite it in a way they can understand, giving them an advantage in remembering new concepts（概念）in the long term.
As for the later quiz, well, the results were similar. Students with handwritten notes were able to remember and still understand the concepts of the lecture after a week had passed. These participants were also more open to understanding new ideas. Clearly, writing by hand can make you smarter.
Computers aren’t going away anytime soon, but that doesn’t mean paper notebooks need to become obsolete. If your goal is to be able to set down facts, the efficiency of typing might best benefit you. But when it comes to truly dissecting（剖析）information, truly learning from it in the sense of making connections between analyzing the material, and retaining it in the long run, writing by hand is a better choice.
30. What can we know about the studies in Paragraph 2?
A. The studies were about the advantages of taking notes.
B. Participants used two methods to take notes at the same time.
C. The results of the studies were published in Psychological Science.
D. The studies were only conducted by researchers from Princeton University.
31. What can be inferred about typists from Paragraph 3?
A. They kept more contents of a lecture in their mind when typing.
B. They could copy down more contents of a lecture than writers.
C. They could remember new concepts for a long time by typing.
D. They did better on questions about the facts of the lecture than writers.
32. The word “obsolete” in the last paragraph probably means “_________”.
A. out of shape B. out of order C. out of control D. out of date
33. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A. Why Handwriting Makes You Smarter
B. Why Typing Has Become So Widespread
C. Why Typists Take Notes Effectively
D. Why Writers Have Long Term Memory
第二部分
本部分共 6 题， 共 20 分。根据题目要求， 完成相应任 务。
四、阅读表达（ 每题 2 分， 共 10 分）
阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
What are some things in your life that give you too much stress? Find out what you can do about it.
School Work and Grades
As a student, school work and grades are at the top of your stress list. Even if your school grades are not so bad, you may still fear that you may not do as well as you expect. Heavily learning burden is another cause for worry.
Why not take it easy by leaving extra time to study and take frequent breaks to avoid being so tired? Manage your time carefully and do not put things off.
Friendships and Relationships
Have you ever been concerned with not having enough friends, or not being in the same class as your best friends? These, along with other issues(问题) such as peer pressure and interpersonal disagreements and arguments, are other common stress.
It is important to know how to choose your circle of friends wisely. Do not “hide” in your own “nest”. Make friends when you join school activities. Make plans to meet with your friends from other classes during break time. Know that everyone is unique and different—do not compare yourself with others.
Poor Diet and Lack of Sleep
Do you know that eating too much fast food and junk food can lead to mood changes, lack of energy and other negative effects? These convenience food which have less nutrition(营养) may cause other health issues. Some students suffer from sleep problems too. When that happens, they behave poorly in class.
Learn to make wise food choices that you can enjoy. Well plan and arrange your daily routine. Completing all school tasks, going to bed at a set time every night. Avoid playing computer games or smartphone before you sleep. Do see a doctor if your sleeping problems continue.
34. What’s at the top of stress list for students?
______________________________
35. Is it important to know how to choose your circle of friends wisely?
______________________________
36. How can you make more friends?
______________________________
37. Why do students behave poorly in class?
______________________________
38. What’s the stress in your life? How do you deal with it?
______________________________
五、文段表达 ( 10 分）
从下面两个题目中任选一题， 根据中文和英文提示 ， 完成一篇不少于 50 词的文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用 。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。
题目①
39. 阅读是成长基石，阅读让人生精彩。
为助力打造“书香校园”，你校英语社团正在举办以“热爱阅读”为主题的征文活动。假如你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投稿，谈谈你通常读什么书， 以及阅读给你带来的好处。
提示词语： knowledge, improve, meaningful
提示问题：• What do you usually read?
• What benefits have you got from reading?
There is no doubt that reading plays an important role in our life.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
题目②
40. 人要有梦想，有了梦想才会努力拼搏，人生才更有意义。某英文网站正在开展以 “On the Way to My Dream”为主题的征文活动。假如你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投稿，谈谈你的梦想是什么，在逐梦道路上有过什么特殊经历，以及你的感受。
提示词语： difficult , help , achieve, success
提示问题：• What’s your dream?
•What’s your special experience?
•What do you think of it?
On the Way to My Dream
Everyone has a dream.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
顺义区2022年初中学业水平考试第一次统一练习
英语试卷
学校____________班级____________姓名____________准考证号____________
第一部分
本部分共33题，共40分。在每题列出的四个选项中，选出最符合题目要求的一项。
—、单项填空（每题0.5 分，共6分）
从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. —Is this your mother’s car?
—No. ________ car is blue.
A. My B. His C. Her D. Your
【1题答案】
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——这是你妈妈的车吗？——不是。她的车是蓝色的。
考查代词。My我的；His他的；Her她的；Your你的。根据“Is this your mother’s car”可知下文指的是“妈妈的”车，用物主代词her。故选C。
2. —When is World Reading Day?
—It’s ________ April 23rd every year.
A. on B. at C. of D. in
【2题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——世界读书日是什么时候？——每年的4月23号。
考查介词。on在（某一天）；at在（某一时刻）；of……的；in在（某年、月、季节）。空格后是具体的某一天，介词用on。故选A。
3. —________ do you like pandas?
—Because they are cute.
A. Where B. Why C. When D. What
【3题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你为什么喜欢熊猫？——因为它们可爱。
考查特殊疑问句。Where哪里；Why为什么；When什么时候；What什么。根据“Because they are cute”可知此处应询问原因，疑问词用Why。故选B。
4. — Hurry up, ________we’ll miss the bus.
— OK. I’m coming.
A. or B. and C. but D. so
【4题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——快点，否则我们会错过公交车。——好的。我来了。
考查连词辨析。or否则；and和；but但是；so所以。分析句子可知，句子是结构“祈使句，and/or+陈述句”，且根据“Hurry up...we’ll miss the bus”可知此处表示如果不快点就会错过公交车，用or连接。故选A。
5. — Tom, ________ I borrow your pencil, please?
— Sure. Here you are.
A. can B. must C. need D. should
【5题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——汤姆，我可以借你的铅笔吗？——当然了。给你。
考查情态动词。can能，可以；must必须；need需要；should应该。根据“I borrow your pencil, please?”可知，这里是向对方借东西，应询问“可不可以”，故选A。
6. —Who is ________ runner in our class?
—I think Li Ming is.
A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. the fastest
【6题答案】
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：——谁是我们班跑得最快的人？——我认为是李明。
考查形容词的最高级。fast快的；faster更快的；fastest最快的；the fastest最快的。根据“in our class”可知此处指三者以上的比较应用最高级形式，且最高级前应加定冠词the。故选D。
7. — Tina , how was your weekend?
— Great! We ________ a picnic in the park.
A. have B. had C. will have D. are having
【7题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——蒂娜，你周末过得怎么样？——非常好。我们公园里野餐。
考查时态。根据“was”可知动作发生在过去，用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故选B。
8. —Where is your brother, Amy?
—He ________ flowers in the garden.
A. watered B. waters C. is watering D. will water
【8题答案】
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你弟弟呢，艾米？——他正在花园里给花浇水。
考查现在进行时。根据“Where is your brother, Amy?”可知，询问某人正在做什么事，用现在进行时，故选C。
9. If it is fine tomorrow, we ________ climbing together.
A. go B. will go C. have gone D. went
【9题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：如果明天天气好，我们一起去爬山。
考查时态。句子是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”，主句用一般将来时will do。故选B。
10. — My father ________ volunteer work in our community since 2020.
— Oh, he is so helpful.
A. does B. did C. has done D. will do
【10题答案】
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——我父亲从2020年开始在我们社区做志愿者工作。——哦，他太乐于助人了。
考查动词时态。does动词第三人称单数形式；did是过去式；has done现在完成时；will do一般将来时。根据句中“since 2020”可知，这里表示从2020年持续到现在，应用现在完成时。故选C。
11. Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games ________ successfully in February.
A. holds B. is held C. held D. was held
【11题答案】
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：2022年北京冬奥会于2月成功举办。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。分析句子可知，主语“Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games”与谓语“hold”之间是被动关系，且根据“in February”可知动作发生在过去，故句子应使用一般过去时的被动语态was/were done。故选D。
12. —Tim, can you tell me ________ to the Science Museum?
—Last Friday.
A. when do you go B. when did you go
C. when you go D. when you went
【12题答案】
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：——蒂姆，你能告诉我你是什么时候去科学博物馆的吗？——上周五。
考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句，应用陈述语序，排除AB；根据“Last Friday”可知从句应用一般过去时，排除C。故选D。
二、完形填空（ 每题 1 分， 共 8 分）
阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
Some Actor
“What’s this—Ben is trying out for Mr. Zuckerman?” My ears burned at hearing my name. It was Lindsey, the most popular eighth-grader, looking at the tryout schedule for Charlotte’s Web. “What if he ruins（毁掉）the whole play? He’s never acted before.”
Lindsey was ___13___. I’d never been in a play. At lunch I told Trevor, my best friend, that I’d changed my mind. I’d join the technical crew（技术人员）instead.
It was fun to learn all the technical stuff and to watch the actors from backstage. By the third week I’d remembered everyone’s ___14___.
And then, only a week before the performance, Josh, who played Mr. Zuckerman, broke his leg. “We can’t get someone else ready by next week. We’ll have to put off or even cancel the play.” Mrs. Stevens told us.
Then I heard Trevor’s voice. “Ben can do it. He ____15____ all the lines.”
Mrs. Stevens asked, “Is that right?”
I nodded.
Mrs. Stevens clapped. “Ben, you’ve saved the show, but we have a lot of work to do. Ben, Lindsey—can you stay?”
Mrs. Stevens started us on the first act. I spewed（喷涌）my lines so ____16____ and it sounded like a movie on fast-forward. I even backed up too far and knocked over some scenery（舞台布景）．
Lindsey sighed. “Maybe we should put off the show until Ben gets better.”
I was ready to _____17_____ with her, but Mrs. Stevens spoke first. “No, we have some time yet. Let’s see how it goes tomorrow.”
The next day, Mrs. Stevens helped and taught me during lunch time. I _____18_____ a lot in the following days.
It was opening night. Before the play, my hands turned cold and sweaty. Throughout the whole opening scene, I stood backstage, frozen with fear.
The audience clapped. End of scene one. My entrance was next. The lights came up. I took a deep breath and walked on. It seemed like just a minute later that the play was over. I’d made it through without ____19____ a line or knocking anything over.
As we all walked offstage, Lindsey nudged（轻推）me and said, “You turned out to be some ____20____.”
I smiled. Maybe next year I’ll try out for the lead.
13. A. excited B. right C. surprised D. silent
14. A. lines B. actions C. characters D. attitudes
15. A. copies B. writes C. memorizes D. perfects
16. A. proudly B. clearly C. carefully D. quickly
17. A. agree B. talk C. argue D. discuss
18. A. wondered B. improved C. considered D. discovered
19. A. adding B. drawing C. forming D. missing
20. A. director B. leader C. actor D. trainer
【13~20题答案】
【答案】13. B 14. A 15. C 16. D 17. A 18. B 19. D 20. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者的同学们在排演一部话剧，扮演朱克曼先生的Josh受伤了，于是作者鼓足勇气扮演该角色，最后演出圆满结束。
【13题详解】
句意：Lindsey是对的。
excited兴奋的；right正确的；surprised惊讶的；silent沉默的。根据“What if he ruins（毁掉）the whole play? He’s never acted before”以及“I’d never been in a play”可知作者也认为Lindsey说的对。故选B。
【14题详解】
句意：到第三周，我已经记住了每个人的台词。
lines台词；actions行动；characters角色；attitudes态度。根据“He...all the lines”可知作者记住了所有的台词。故选A。
【15题详解】
句意：他记住了所有的台词。
copies复制；writes写；memorizes记忆；perfects使完善。根据“By the third week I’d remembered everyone’s ”可知作者第三周的时候就记住了所有的台词。故选C。
【16题详解】
句意：我的台词吐得如此之快，听起来就像一部快进电影。
proudly自豪地；clearly清晰地；carefully认真地；quickly快速地。根据“it sounded like a movie on fast-forward”可知听起来像在快进，说明台词说得快。故选D。
【17题详解】
句意：我准备同意她的看法。
agree同意；talk谈话；argue争论；discuss讨论。根据“Maybe we should put off the show until Ben gets better”以及“but Mrs. Stevens spoke first...”可知我本来打算同意推迟演出，但是Stevens夫人不同意。故选A。
【18题详解】
句意：在接下来的几天里，我进步了很多。
wondered想知道；improved提高；considered考虑；discovered发现。根据“Mrs. Stevens helped and taught me”可知她帮助我，教我，所以我进步了很多。故选B。
【19题详解】
句意：我做到了，没有错过任何一句台词或撞倒任何东西。
adding添加；drawing画画；forming形成；missing错过。根据“I’d made it through without...a line”可知演出很成功，没有错过一句台词。故选D。
【20题详解】
句意：结果表明，你是一个演员。
director导演；leader领导者；actor演员；trainer教练。由上文内容可知，作者鼓足勇气扮演了一个角色，而且很成功，所以此处指“演员”。故选C。
三、阅读理解（ 每题 2 分， 共 26 分）
阅读下列短文， 根据短文内容， 从短文后各题 所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中， 选择最佳选项。
A
Your summer vacation is coming at the end of June this year. The following activities in the city can help you to have a colorlul vacation.
Paintings & Ca lligra phy（书法）
Great changes have taken place in China. To show love for the Communist Party of China, 100 students from different schools will use their pens and brushes to show you the great changes. For more information, call Lily at 152-5827, please.
Time：10:00—15:00
July 1st—July 15th, 2022
Closed on Mondays
Place：Achievement Hall
Inventions
To memorize Yuan Longping, Father of Hybrid Rice, people in our city will show you their greatest inventions on saving food. In the show, you can see a lot of new inventions from people at different ages. Guides will stay with you from the beginning to the end.
Time：13:30—16:00
August 10th—August 11th, 2022
Place：Sunshine Hall
A book on embroidery（刺绣）
The book Xun Xiu Ji has been named China’s most beautiful book. Zhang Shulin is the writer of it. We have invited Fan Deng to introduce it to us. For more information, call Linda at 679-8871, please.
Time：14:00—15:30
June 30th, 2022
Place：School Hall
Volunteers
To keep away from COVID-19, we’d better get vaccinated (接种疫苗）．But many people in our community are afraid of it. Please work for our community to tell them the importance of getting vaccinated and help to reduce the worries.
Time：13:30—15:00
July 15th—July 24th, 2022
Place：Community Office
21. In Achievement Hall, you will see ________.
A. a book B. some volunteers
C. many inventions D. some painting works
22. If you want to know more about the book, you should go to School Hall on ________.
A. July 1st B. August 10th C. June 30th D. July 15th
23. If Li Hua is a volunteer in the community, he should ________.
A. introduce the book to students
B. help people to reduce the worries
C. show the great changes in China
D. invent something new to save food
【21~23题答案】
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了一些可以让暑假变得多姿多彩的活动。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据“100 students from different schools will use their pens and brushes to show you the great changes”可知学生用他们的钢笔和画笔展示巨大的变化，故在这里可以看到一些绘画作品。故选D。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三个表格中的“June 30th, 2022”可知时间是2022年6月30号。故选C。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Please work for our community to tell them the importance of getting vaccinated and help to reduce the worries.”可知志愿者要告诉人们接种疫苗的重要性并帮助减少担忧。故选B。
B
My First Marathon
A month before my first marathon, one of my ankles was injured and this meant not running for two weeks, leaving me only two weeks to train. Yet, I was determined to go ahead.
I remember back to my seventh year in school. In my first PE class, the teacher required us to run laps and then hit a softball. I didn’t do either well. He later told me that I was “not athletic”.
The idea that I was “not athletic” stuck with me for years. When I started running at the age of 18, I realized running was a battle against myself, not about competition or whether or not I was athletic. It was all about the battle against my own body and mind. A test of wills（意志力）!
The night before my marathon, I dreamt that I couldn’t even find the finish line. I woke up sweating and nervous, but ready to prove something to myself.
Shortly after crossing the start line, my shoe laces（鞋带）became untied. So I stopped to readjust. Not the start I wanted!
At mile 3, I passed a sign: “GO FOR IT, RUNNERS!”
By mile 17, I became out of breath and the once injured ankle hurt badly. Despite the pain, I stayed the course walking a bit and then running again.
By mile 21, I was starving!
As I approached mile 23, I could see my parents waving a sign. They are my biggest fans. They never minded the alarm clock sounding at 4 a. m. or questioned my costs on running.
I was one of the final runners to finish. But I finished! And I got a medal. In fact, I got the same medal as the one that the guy who came in the first place had.
Determined to be myself, move forward, free of shame and worldly labels（ 世俗标签 ）can now call myself a “marathon winner”.
24. A month before the marathon, the writer ________.
A. was well trained B. felt scared
C. hurt his ankle D. lost hope
25. How was the writer’s first marathon?
A. He made it. B. He gave up halfway.
C. He won the first place. D. He walked to the end.
26. The story mainly tells us that ________.
A. running experience is necessary
B. training a lot makes us powerful
C. winning a race brings us a lot of fun
D having strong wills is the key to success
【24~26题答案】
【答案】24. C 25. A 26. D
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者在参加马拉松之前脚踝受伤，但仍然继续训练，作者通过这篇文章告诉我们：胜利者是意志坚强的人。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据“A month before my first marathon, one of my ankles was injured and this meant not running for two weeks, leaving me only two weeks to train.”可知，作者的脚踝受伤了，故选C。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据“I was one of the final runners to finish.ad.”可知，作者跑完了马拉松，他做到了，故选A。
【26题详解】
主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了作者在参加马拉松之前脚踝受伤，但仍然继续训练，作者通过这篇文章告诉我们：胜利者是意志坚强的人，因此选项“having strong wills is the key to success”符合句意，故选D。
C
We’ve known that sitting for long periods of time every day has countless health consequences（后果）, like a higher risk of heart disease. But now a new study has found that sitting is also bad for your brain.
A study published last week, conducted by Dr.Prabha Siddarth at the University of California, showed that sedentary（久坐不动的）behavior is related to reduced thickness of the medial temporal lobe（中颐叶）, a brain area that is critical to learning and memory.
The researchers asked a group of 35 healthy people, aged 45 to 70, about their activity levels and the average number of hours each day spent sitting and then scanned their brains. They found that the subjects who reported sitting for longer periods had the thinnest medial temporal lobes. It means that the more time you spend in a chair, the worse it is for your brain health, resulting in possible damage to learning and memory.
What is also interesting is that this study did not find a significant relation between the level of physical activity and thickness of this brain area, suggesting that exercise, even severe（剧烈的 ）exercise, may not be enough to protect you from the harmful effects of sitting.
It then surprisingly turned out that you don’t even have to move much to improve cognition（认知）; just standing will do the trick（获得成功）. For example, two groups of subjects were asked to complete a test while either sitting or standing. Participants were asked to name the color, like the word “green” in blue ink. Subjects thinking on their feet beat those who sat by 3 milliseconds.
The cognitive effects of severe physical exercise are well known. But the possibility that standing more and sitting less improves brain health could lower the standard for everyone.
I know, this all runs counter to（与……背道而驰）received ideas about deep thought, from our grade school teachers, who told us to sit down and focus, to Rodin’s famous “The Thinker”, seated with chin on his hand.
They were wrong. You can now all stand up.
27. What can we infer from Paragraph 3 and Paragraph 4?
A. Sedentary behavior will possibly damage our brain.
B. Severe exercise can greatly improve our brain health.
C. Brain health has nothing to do with sedentary behavior.
D. Severe exercise can protect you from the harmful effects of sitting.
28. What is the received idea about deep thought?
A. We should stand while thinking.
B. Sitting is better when we think.
C. More exercise can improve cognition.
D. Sitting more is good for our mental health.
29. The passage mainly tells us _______.
A. people tend to sit while they are thinking
B. physical exercise can improve our brain health
C. standing more and sitting less can make our brain healthier
D. sedentary behavior will increase the thickness of the medial temporal lobe
【27~29题答案】
【答案】27. A 28. B 29. C
【解析】
【导语】本文介绍了久坐的危害以及有关久坐的研究。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据“They found that the subjects who reported sitting for longer periods had the thinnest medial temporal lobes.”可知久坐会让大脑的中颐叶变薄，因此久坐可能会破坏我们的大脑。故选A。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据“I know, this all runs counter to received ideas about deep thought, from our grade school teachers, who told us to sit down and focus, to Rodin’s famous ‘The Thinker’, seated with chin on his hand.”可知之前我们接受有关深思的观点都是坐着思考。故选B。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据“But the possibility that standing more and sitting less improves brain health could lower the standard for everyone.”可知多站少坐会改善大脑健康。故选C。
D
Handwriting is gradually becoming a dying art. Most college students type nearly everything. Elementary and high schools across the country now view typing courses as the main choice. But what are we losing as handwriting loses its significance（重要性）in society? It’s brain power, according to some studies.
Researchers from Princeton University and the University of California conducted a series of studies to prove the differences between students who wrote out their notes and those who typed notes. Participants（参与者）took notes on a lecture using one of the two methods and were tested on the material 30 minutes after the lecture and again a week later. The results of the research appeared in Psychological Science. The authors of the study noted that, while past studies on this topic tended to focus on the distractions（干扰）that resulted from using a computer, in this study, participants were using the laptops only to take notes. And handwriting still emerged as（成为）the champion.
That’s not to say that typing doesn’t have its benefits. Clearvue Health recently took a deep dive into the findings of a study to assess pros and cons（评估利弊）of writing and typing. The typists could copy down significantly more words than the writers. But while more of the lecture’s content was retained in the computer when typing. The tests that the participants took proved this. On the test 30 minutes after the lecture, typists and writers did more or less equally well on questions about the basic facts of the lecture, but typists faltered（结巴）when it came to more conceptual questions. Students who take handwritten notes need to quickly process the lesson and rewrite it in a way they can understand, giving them an advantage in remembering new concepts（概念）in the long term.
As for the later quiz, well, the results were similar. Students with handwritten notes were able to remember and still understand the concepts of the lecture after a week had passed. These participants were also more open to understanding new ideas. Clearly, writing by hand can make you smarter.
Computers aren’t going away anytime soon, but that doesn’t mean paper notebooks need to become obsolete. If your goal is to be able to set down facts, the efficiency of typing might best benefit you. But when it comes to truly dissecting（剖析）information, truly learning from it in the sense of making connections between analyzing the material, and retaining it in the long run, writing by hand is a better choice.
30. What can we know about the studies in Paragraph 2?
A. The studies were about the advantages of taking notes.
B. Participants used two methods to take notes at the same time.
C. The results of the studies were published in Psychological Science.
D. The studies were only conducted by researchers from Princeton University.
31. What can be inferred about typists from Paragraph 3?
A. They kept more contents of a lecture in their mind when typing.
B. They could copy down more contents of a lecture than writers.
C. They could remember new concepts for a long time by typing.
D. They did better on questions about the facts of the lecture than writers.
32. The word “obsolete” in the last paragraph probably means “_________”.
A. out of shape B. out of order C. out of control D. out of date
33. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A. Why Handwriting Makes You Smarter
B. Why Typing Has Become So Widespread
C. Why Typists Take Notes Effectively
D. Why Writers Have Long Term Memory
【30~33题答案】
【答案】30. C 31. B 32. D 33. A
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了在键盘运用如此广泛的今天，手写依旧彰显出自身的独特魅力和优势：更加简洁、更具条理、更扣要点、帮助记忆。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The results of the research appeared in Psychological Science.”可知，研究结果发表在《心理科学》杂志上，故选C。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The typists could copy down significantly more words than the writers.”可知，打字员能抄写的字比作家多得多，故选B。
【32题详解】
词句猜测题。根据“Computers aren’t going away anytime soon, but that doesn’t mean paper notebooks need to become obsolete.”可知，电脑不会很快消失，但这并不意味着纸质笔记本需要被淘汰，因此“obsolete”意为“out of date”，故选D。
【33题详解】
最佳标题题。根据“But what are we losing as handwriting loses its significance（ 重要性 ）in society? It’s brain power, according to some studies.”和“Clearly, writing by hand can make you smarter.”可知，书写对我们的脑力有重要意义，因此“Why Handwriting Makes You Smarter”符合句意，故选A。
第二部分
本部分共 6 题， 共 20 分。根据题目要求， 完成相应任 务。
四、阅读表达（ 每题 2 分， 共 10 分）
阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
What are some things in your life that give you too much stress? Find out what you can do about it.
School Work and Grades
As a student, school work and grades are at the top of your stress list. Even if your school grades are not so bad, you may still fear that you may not do as well as you expect. Heavily learning burden is another cause for worry.
Why not take it easy by leaving extra time to study and take frequent breaks to avoid being so tired? Manage your time carefully and do not put things off.
Friendships and Relationships
Have you ever been concerned with not having enough friends, or not being in the same class as your best friends? These, along with other issues(问题) such as peer pressure and interpersonal disagreements and arguments, are other common stress.
It is important to know how to choose your circle of friends wisely. Do not “hide” in your own “nest”. Make friends when you join school activities. Make plans to meet with your friends from other classes during break time. Know that everyone is unique and different—do not compare yourself with others.
Poor Diet and Lack of Sleep
Do you know that eating too much fast food and junk food can lead to mood changes, lack of energy and other negative effects? These convenience food which have less nutrition(营养) may cause other health issues. Some students suffer from sleep problems too. When that happens, they behave poorly in class.
Learn to make wise food choices that you can enjoy. Well plan and arrange your daily routine. Completing all school tasks, going to bed at a set time every night. Avoid playing computer games or smartphone before you sleep. Do see a doctor if your sleeping problems continue.
34. What’s at the top of stress list for students?
______________________________
35. Is it important to know how to choose your circle of friends wisely?
______________________________
36. How can you make more friends?
______________________________
37. Why do students behave poorly in class?
______________________________
38 What’s the stress in your life? How do you deal with it?
______________________________
【34~38题答案】
【答案】34. School work and grades.
35. Yes. 36. To make friends when joining school activities.
37. Because they suffer from sleeping problems.
38. One possible key: Sometimes I suffer from my study. I always ask my friends to give me some advice on doing sports to relax myself.
【解析】
【导语】本文介绍了几种生活中常见的压力，并就此提出了一些解决办法。
【34题详解】
根据“As a student, school work and grades are at the top of your stress list.”可知，作为一名学生，学业和成绩是你压力清单上的首位。故填School work and grades.
【35题详解】
根据“It is important to know how to choose your circle of friends wisely.”可知，知道如何明智地选择朋友圈是很重要的。 故填Yes.
【36题详解】
根据“Make friends when you join school activities.”可知，可以在参加学校活动时交朋友。故填To make friends when joining school activities.
【37题详解】
根据“Some students suffer from sleep problems too. When that happens, they behave poorly in class.”可知，一些学生也有睡眠问题，当这种情况发生时，他们在课堂上的表现很差。故填Because they suffer from sleeping problems.
38题详解】
本题属于开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案：Sometimes I suffer from my study. I always ask my friends to give me some advice or do sports to relax myself.
五、文段表达 ( 10 分）
从下面两个题目中任选一题， 根据中文和英文提示 ， 完成一篇不少于 50 词的文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用 。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。
题目①
39. 阅读是成长的基石，阅读让人生精彩。
为助力打造“书香校园”，你校英语社团正在举办以“热爱阅读”为主题的征文活动。假如你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投稿，谈谈你通常读什么书， 以及阅读给你带来的好处。
提示词语： knowledge, improve, meaningful
提示问题：• What do you usually read?
• What benefits have you got from reading?
There is no doubt that reading plays an important role in our life.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【39题答案】
【答案】例文
There is no doubt that reading plays an important role in our life. I like reading very much, especially books about history, and benefit a lot from it.
Firstly, I gain plenty of knowledge about history which opens my eyes. Besides, through reading, I know a lot of famous people in our history. Their stories encourage me to face difficulties bravely. In a word, it’s meaningful for me to read books. Reading can not only increase my knowledge and experience, but also help build my character.
【解析】
【详解】1. 题目解读：题目要求以“热爱阅读”为主题写一篇英语短文；要求包含所有提示内容。
2. 写作指导：此作文时态用一般现在时；采用第一人称口吻；可采用2段落格式，第一段：阐述自己读什么书；第二段：阐述读书带来的好处，要做到无语法和单词拼写错误。
题目②
40. 人要有梦想，有了梦想才会努力拼搏，人生才更有意义。某英文网站正在开展以 “On the Way to My Dream”为主题的征文活动。假如你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投稿，谈谈你的梦想是什么，在逐梦道路上有过什么特殊经历，以及你的感受。
提示词语： difficult , help , achieve, success
提示问题：• What’s your dream?
•What’s your special experience?
•What do you think of it?
On the Way to My Dream
Everyone has a dream.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【40题答案】
【答案】例文
On the Way to My Dream
Everyone has a dream. So do I. My dream is to be a teacher.
When I was a primary student, I was not good at English. Reading and writing were very difficult for me. Luckily, my English teacher encouraged me to be confident and helped me a lot. I practiced reading and writing during the whole year. Finally, with his help, I did better in English and achieved success. From then on, I made up my mind to be a teacher like him. I hope to influence students in their life, too.
Now I will keep going and try my best to realize my dream.
【解析】
【详解】1.题干解读：本文主要是结合自己的经历讨论自己的梦想，根据题干中的问题进行写作，可适当增加细节。
2.写作指导：本文以第一人称为主；时态以一般现在时和一般过去时为主。第一段引出主题；第二段讲述自己经历；最后一段表示自己的希望。在介绍内容时，力求语言准确，内容完整，保证行文连贯，条理清晰。
顺义区2022年初中学业水平考试第一次统一练习
英语试卷
学校____________班级____________姓名____________准考证号____________
第一部分
本部分共33题，共40分。在每题列出的四个选项中，选出最符合题目要求的一项。
—、单项填空（每题0.5 分，共6分）
从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. —Is this your mother’s car?
—No. ________ car is blue.
A My B. His C. Her D. Your
2. —When is World Reading Day?
—It’s ________ April 23rd every year.
A. on B. at C. of D. in
3. —________ do you like pandas?
—Because they are cute.
A. Where B. Why C. When D. What
4. — Hurry up, ________we’ll miss the bus.
— OK. I’m coming.
A. or B. and C. but D. so
5. — Tom, ________ I borrow your pencil, please?
— Sure. Here you are.
A. can B. must C. need D. should
6. —Who is ________ runner in our class?
—I think Li Ming is.
A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. the fastest
7. — Tina , how was your weekend?
— Great! We ________ a picnic in the park.
A. have B. had C. will have D. are having
8. —Where is your brother Amy?
—He ________ flowers in the garden.
A. watered B. waters C. is watering D. will water
9. If it is fine tomorrow, we ________ climbing together.
A. go B. will go C. have gone D. went
10. — My father ________ volunteer work in our community since 2020.
— Oh, he is so helpful.
A. does B. did C. has done D. will do
11. Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games ________ successfully in February.
A. holds B. is held C. held D. was held
12. —Tim, can you tell me ________ to the Science Museum?
—Last Friday.
A. when do you go B. when did you go
C. when you go D. when you went
二、完形填空（ 每题 1 分， 共 8 分）
阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
Some Actor
“What’s this—Ben is trying out for Mr. Zuckerman?” My ears burned at hearing my name. It was Lindsey, the most popular eighth-grader, looking at the tryout schedule for Charlotte’s Web. “What if he ruins（毁掉）the whole play? He’s never acted before.”
Lindsey was ___13___. I’d never been in a play. At lunch I told Trevor, my best friend, that I’d changed my mind. I’d join the technical crew（技术人员）instead.
It was fun to learn all the technical stuff and to watch the actors from backstage. By the third week I’d remembered everyone’s ___14___.
And then, only a week before the performance, Josh, who played Mr. Zuckerman, broke his leg. “We can’t get someone else ready by next week. We’ll have to put off or even cancel the play.” Mrs. Stevens told us.
Then I heard Trevor’s voice. “Ben can do it. He ____15____ all the lines.”
Mrs. Stevens asked, “Is that right?”
I nodded.
Mrs. Stevens clapped. “Ben, you’ve saved the show, but we have a lot of work to do. Ben, Lindsey—can you stay?”
Mrs. Stevens started us on the first act. I spewed（喷涌）my lines so ____16____ and it sounded like a movie on fast-forward. I even backed up too far and knocked over some scenery（舞台布景）．
Lindsey sighed. “Maybe we should put off the show until Ben gets better.”
I was ready to _____17_____ with her, but Mrs. Stevens spoke first. “No, we have some time yet. Let’s see how it goes tomorrow.”
The next day, Mrs. Stevens helped and taught me during lunch time. I _____18_____ a lot in the following days.
It was opening night. Before the play, my hands turned cold and sweaty. Throughout the whole opening scene, I stood backstage, frozen with fear.
The audience clapped. End of scene one. My entrance was next. The lights came up. I took a deep breath and walked on. It seemed like just a minute later that the play was over. I’d made it through without ____19____ a line or knocking anything over.
As we all walked offstage, Lindsey nudged（轻推）me and said, “You turned out to be some ____20____.”
I smiled. Maybe next year I’ll try out for the lead.
13. A. excited B. right C. surprised D. silent
14. A. lines B. actions C. characters D. attitudes
15. A. copies B. writes C. memorizes D. perfects
16. A. proudly B. clearly C. carefully D. quickly
17. A. agree B. talk C. argue D. discuss
18. A. wondered B. improved C. considered D. discovered
19. A. adding B. drawing C. forming D. missing
20. A. director B. leader C. actor D. trainer
三、阅读理解（ 每题 2 分， 共 26 分）
阅读下列短文， 根据短文内容， 从短文后各题 所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中， 选择最佳选项。
A
Your summer vacation is coming at the end of June this year. The following activities in the city can help you to have a colorlul vacation.
Paintings & Ca lligra phy（书法）
Great changes have taken place in China. To show love for the Communist Party of China, 100 students from different schools will use their pens and brushes to show you the great changes. For more information, call Lily at 152-5827, please.
Time：10:00—15:00
July 1st—July 15th, 2022
Closed on Mondays
Place：Achievement Hall
Inventions
To memorize Yuan Longping, Father of Hybrid Rice, people in our city will show you their greatest inventions on saving food. In the show, you can see a lot of new inventions from people at different ages. Guides will stay with you from the beginning to the end.
Time：13:30—16:00
August 10th—August 11th, 2022
Place：Sunshine Hall
A book on embroidery（刺绣）
The book Xun Xiu Ji has been named China’s most beautiful book. Zhang Shulin is the writer of it. We have invited Fan Deng to introduce it to us. For more information, call Linda at 679-8871, please.
Time：14:00—15:30
June 30th, 2022
Place：School Hall
Volunteers
To keep away from COVID-19, we’d better get vaccinated (接种疫苗）．But many people in our community are afraid of it. Please work for our community to tell them the importance of getting vaccinated and help to reduce the worries.
Time：13:30—15:00
July 15th—July 24th, 2022
Place：Community Office
21. In Achievement Hall, you will see ________.
A. a book B. some volunteers
C. many inventions D. some painting works
22. If you want to know more about the book, you should go to School Hall on ________.
A. July 1st B. August 10th C. June 30th D. July 15th
23. If Li Hua is a volunteer in the community, he should ________.
A introduce the book to students
B. help people to reduce the worries
C. show the great changes in China
D. invent something new to save food
B
My First Marathon
A month before my first marathon, one of my ankles was injured and this meant not running for two weeks, leaving me only two weeks to train. Yet, I was determined to go ahead.
I remember back to my seventh year in school. In my first PE class, the teacher required us to run laps and then hit a softball. I didn’t do either well. He later told me that I was “not athletic”.
The idea that I was “not athletic” stuck with me for years. When I started running at the age of 18, I realized running was a battle against myself, not about competition or whether or not I was athletic. It was all about the battle against my own body and mind. A test of wills（意志力）!
The night before my marathon, I dreamt that I couldn’t even find the finish line. I woke up sweating and nervous, but ready to prove something to myself.
Shortly after crossing the start line, my shoe laces（鞋带）became untied. So I stopped to readjust. Not the start I wanted!
At mile 3, I passed a sign: “GO FOR IT, RUNNERS!”
By mile 17, I became out of breath and the once injured ankle hurt badly. Despite the pain, I stayed the course walking a bit and then running again.
By mile 21, I was starving!
As I approached mile 23, I could see my parents waving a sign. They are my biggest fans. They never minded the alarm clock sounding at 4 a. m. or questioned my costs on running.
I was one of the final runners to finish. But I finished! And I got a medal. In fact, I got the same medal as the one that the guy who came in the first place had.
Determined to be myself, move forward, free of shame and worldly labels（ 世俗标签 ）can now call myself a “marathon winner”.
24. A month before the marathon, the writer ________.
A. was well trained B. felt scared
C. hurt his ankle D. lost hope
25. How was the writer’s first marathon?
A. He made it. B. He gave up halfway.
C. He won the first place. D. He walked to the end.
26. The story mainly tells us that ________.
A. running experience is necessary
B. training a lot makes us powerful
C. winning a race brings us a lot of fun
D. having strong wills is the key to success
C
We’ve known that sitting for long periods of time every day has countless health consequences（后果）, like a higher risk of heart disease. But now a new study has found that sitting is also bad for your brain.
A study published last week, conducted by Dr.Prabha Siddarth at the University of California, showed that sedentary（久坐不动的）behavior is related to reduced thickness of the medial temporal lobe（中颐叶）, a brain area that is critical to learning and memory.
The researchers asked a group of 35 healthy people, aged 45 to 70, about their activity levels and the average number of hours each day spent sitting and then scanned their brains. They found that the subjects who reported sitting for longer periods had the thinnest medial temporal lobes. It means that the more time you spend in a chair, the worse it is for your brain health, resulting in possible damage to learning and memory.
What is also interesting is that this study did not find a significant relation between the level of physical activity and thickness of this brain area, suggesting that exercise, even severe（剧烈的 ）exercise, may not be enough to protect you from the harmful effects of sitting.
It then surprisingly turned out that you don’t even have to move much to improve cognition（认知）; just standing will do the trick（获得成功）. For example, two groups of subjects were asked to complete a test while either sitting or standing. Participants were asked to name the color, like the word “green” in blue ink. Subjects thinking on their feet beat those who sat by 3 milliseconds.
The cognitive effects of severe physical exercise are well known. But the possibility that standing more and sitting less improves brain health could lower the standard for everyone.
I know, this all runs counter to（与……背道而驰）received ideas about deep thought, from our grade school teachers, who told us to sit down and focus, to Rodin’s famous “The Thinker”, seated with chin on his hand.
They were wrong. You can now all stand up.
27. What can we infer from Paragraph 3 and Paragraph 4?
A. Sedentary behavior will possibly damage our brain.
B. Severe exercise can greatly improve our brain health.
C Brain health has nothing to do with sedentary behavior.
D. Severe exercise can protect you from the harmful effects of sitting.
28. What is the received idea about deep thought?
A. We should stand while thinking.
B. Sitting is better when we think.
C. More exercise can improve cognition.
D. Sitting more is good for our mental health.
29. The passage mainly tells us _______.
A. people tend to sit while they are thinking
B. physical exercise can improve our brain health
C. standing more and sitting less can make our brain healthier
D. sedentary behavior will increase the thickness of the medial temporal lobe
D
Handwriting is gradually becoming a dying art. Most college students type nearly everything. Elementary and high schools across the country now view typing courses as the main choice. But what are we losing as handwriting loses its significance（重要性）in society? It’s brain power, according to some studies.
Researchers from Princeton University and the University of California conducted a series of studies to prove the differences between students who wrote out their notes and those who typed notes. Participants（参与者）took notes on a lecture using one of the two methods and were tested on the material 30 minutes after the lecture and again a week later. The results of the research appeared in Psychological Science. The authors of the study noted that, while past studies on this topic tended to focus on the distractions（干扰）that resulted from using a computer, in this study, participants were using the laptops only to take notes. And handwriting still emerged as（成为）the champion.
That’s not to say that typing doesn’t have its benefits. Clearvue Health recently took a deep dive into the findings of a study to assess pros and cons（评估利弊）of writing and typing. The typists could copy down significantly more words than the writers. But while more of the lecture’s content was retained in the computer when typing. The tests that the participants took proved this. On the test 30 minutes after the lecture, typists and writers did more or less equally well on questions about the basic facts of the lecture, but typists faltered（结巴）when it came to more conceptual questions. Students who take handwritten notes need to quickly process the lesson and rewrite it in a way they can understand, giving them an advantage in remembering new concepts（概念）in the long term.
As for the later quiz, well, the results were similar. Students with handwritten notes were able to remember and still understand the concepts of the lecture after a week had passed. These participants were also more open to understanding new ideas. Clearly, writing by hand can make you smarter.
Computers aren’t going away anytime soon, but that doesn’t mean paper notebooks need to become obsolete. If your goal is to be able to set down facts, the efficiency of typing might best benefit you. But when it comes to truly dissecting（剖析）information, truly learning from it in the sense of making connections between analyzing the material, and retaining it in the long run, writing by hand is a better choice.
30. What can we know about the studies in Paragraph 2?
A. The studies were about the advantages of taking notes.
B. Participants used two methods to take notes at the same time.
C. The results of the studies were published in Psychological Science.
D. The studies were only conducted by researchers from Princeton University.
31. What can be inferred about typists from Paragraph 3?
A. They kept more contents of a lecture in their mind when typing.
B. They could copy down more contents of a lecture than writers.
C. They could remember new concepts for a long time by typing.
D. They did better on questions about the facts of the lecture than writers.
32. The word “obsolete” in the last paragraph probably means “_________”.
A. out of shape B. out of order C. out of control D. out of date
33. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A. Why Handwriting Makes You Smarter
B. Why Typing Has Become So Widespread
C. Why Typists Take Notes Effectively
D. Why Writers Have Long Term Memory
第二部分
本部分共 6 题， 共 20 分。根据题目要求， 完成相应任 务。
四、阅读表达（ 每题 2 分， 共 10 分）
阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
What are some things in your life that give you too much stress? Find out what you can do about it.
School Work and Grades
As a student, school work and grades are at the top of your stress list. Even if your school grades are not so bad, you may still fear that you may not do as well as you expect. Heavily learning burden is another cause for worry.
Why not take it easy by leaving extra time to study and take frequent breaks to avoid being so tired? Manage your time carefully and do not put things off.
Friendships and Relationships
Have you ever been concerned with not having enough friends, or not being in the same class as your best friends? These, along with other issues(问题) such as peer pressure and interpersonal disagreements and arguments, are other common stress.
It is important to know how to choose your circle of friends wisely. Do not “hide” in your own “nest”. Make friends when you join school activities. Make plans to meet with your friends from other classes during break time. Know that everyone is unique and different—do not compare yourself with others.
Poor Diet and Lack of Sleep
Do you know that eating too much fast food and junk food can lead to mood changes, lack of energy and other negative effects? These convenience food which have less nutrition(营养) may cause other health issues. Some students suffer from sleep problems too. When that happens, they behave poorly in class.
Learn to make wise food choices that you can enjoy. Well plan and arrange your daily routine. Completing all school tasks, going to bed at a set time every night. Avoid playing computer games or smartphone before you sleep. Do see a doctor if your sleeping problems continue.
34. What’s at the top of stress list for students?
______________________________
35. Is it important to know how to choose your circle of friends wisely?
______________________________
36. How can you make more friends?
______________________________
37. Why do students behave poorly in class?
______________________________
38. What’s the stress in your life? How do you deal with it?
______________________________
五、文段表达 ( 10 分）
从下面两个题目中任选一题， 根据中文和英文提示 ， 完成一篇不少于 50 词的文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用 。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。
题目①
39. 阅读是成长基石，阅读让人生精彩。
为助力打造“书香校园”，你校英语社团正在举办以“热爱阅读”为主题的征文活动。假如你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投稿，谈谈你通常读什么书， 以及阅读给你带来的好处。
提示词语： knowledge, improve, meaningful
提示问题：• What do you usually read?
• What benefits have you got from reading?
There is no doubt that reading plays an important role in our life.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
题目②
40. 人要有梦想，有了梦想才会努力拼搏，人生才更有意义。某英文网站正在开展以 “On the Way to My Dream”为主题的征文活动。假如你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投稿，谈谈你的梦想是什么，在逐梦道路上有过什么特殊经历，以及你的感受。
提示词语： difficult , help , achieve, success
提示问题：• What’s your dream?
•What’s your special experience?
•What do you think of it?
On the Way to My Dream
Everyone has a dream.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
顺义区2022年初中学业水平考试第一次统一练习
英语试卷
学校____________班级____________姓名____________准考证号____________
第一部分
本部分共33题，共40分。在每题列出的四个选项中，选出最符合题目要求的一项。
—、单项填空（每题0.5 分，共6分）
从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. —Is this your mother’s car?
—No. ________ car is blue.
A. My B. His C. Her D. Your
【1题答案】
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——这是你妈妈的车吗？——不是。她的车是蓝色的。
考查代词。My我的；His他的；Her她的；Your你的。根据“Is this your mother’s car”可知下文指的是“妈妈的”车，用物主代词her。故选C。
2. —When is World Reading Day?
—It’s ________ April 23rd every year.
A. on B. at C. of D. in
【2题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——世界读书日是什么时候？——每年的4月23号。
考查介词。on在（某一天）；at在（某一时刻）；of……的；in在（某年、月、季节）。空格后是具体的某一天，介词用on。故选A。
3. —________ do you like pandas?
—Because they are cute.
A. Where B. Why C. When D. What
【3题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你为什么喜欢熊猫？——因为它们可爱。
考查特殊疑问句。Where哪里；Why为什么；When什么时候；What什么。根据“Because they are cute”可知此处应询问原因，疑问词用Why。故选B。
4. — Hurry up, ________we’ll miss the bus.
— OK. I’m coming.
A. or B. and C. but D. so
【4题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——快点，否则我们会错过公交车。——好的。我来了。
考查连词辨析。or否则；and和；but但是；so所以。分析句子可知，句子是结构“祈使句，and/or+陈述句”，且根据“Hurry up...we’ll miss the bus”可知此处表示如果不快点就会错过公交车，用or连接。故选A。
5. — Tom, ________ I borrow your pencil, please?
— Sure. Here you are.
A. can B. must C. need D. should
【5题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——汤姆，我可以借你的铅笔吗？——当然了。给你。
考查情态动词。can能，可以；must必须；need需要；should应该。根据“I borrow your pencil, please?”可知，这里是向对方借东西，应询问“可不可以”，故选A。
6. —Who is ________ runner in our class?
—I think Li Ming is.
A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. the fastest
【6题答案】
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：——谁是我们班跑得最快的人？——我认为是李明。
考查形容词的最高级。fast快的；faster更快的；fastest最快的；the fastest最快的。根据“in our class”可知此处指三者以上的比较应用最高级形式，且最高级前应加定冠词the。故选D。
7. — Tina , how was your weekend?
— Great! We ________ a picnic in the park.
A. have B. had C. will have D. are having
【7题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——蒂娜，你周末过得怎么样？——非常好。我们公园里野餐。
考查时态。根据“was”可知动作发生在过去，用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故选B。
8. —Where is your brother, Amy?
—He ________ flowers in the garden.
A. watered B. waters C. is watering D. will water
【8题答案】
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你弟弟呢，艾米？——他正在花园里给花浇水。
考查现在进行时。根据“Where is your brother, Amy?”可知，询问某人正在做什么事，用现在进行时，故选C。
9. If it is fine tomorrow, we ________ climbing together.
A. go B. will go C. have gone D. went
【9题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：如果明天天气好，我们一起去爬山。
考查时态。句子是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”，主句用一般将来时will do。故选B。
10. — My father ________ volunteer work in our community since 2020.
— Oh, he is so helpful.
A. does B. did C. has done D. will do
【10题答案】
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——我父亲从2020年开始在我们社区做志愿者工作。——哦，他太乐于助人了。
考查动词时态。does动词第三人称单数形式；did是过去式；has done现在完成时；will do一般将来时。根据句中“since 2020”可知，这里表示从2020年持续到现在，应用现在完成时。故选C。
11. Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games ________ successfully in February.
A. holds B. is held C. held D. was held
【11题答案】
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：2022年北京冬奥会于2月成功举办。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。分析句子可知，主语“Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games”与谓语“hold”之间是被动关系，且根据“in February”可知动作发生在过去，故句子应使用一般过去时的被动语态was/were done。故选D。
12. —Tim, can you tell me ________ to the Science Museum?
—Last Friday.
A. when do you go B. when did you go
C. when you go D. when you went
【12题答案】
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：——蒂姆，你能告诉我你是什么时候去科学博物馆的吗？——上周五。
考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句，应用陈述语序，排除AB；根据“Last Friday”可知从句应用一般过去时，排除C。故选D。
二、完形填空（ 每题 1 分， 共 8 分）
阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
Some Actor
“What’s this—Ben is trying out for Mr. Zuckerman?” My ears burned at hearing my name. It was Lindsey, the most popular eighth-grader, looking at the tryout schedule for Charlotte’s Web. “What if he ruins（毁掉）the whole play? He’s never acted before.”
Lindsey was ___13___. I’d never been in a play. At lunch I told Trevor, my best friend, that I’d changed my mind. I’d join the technical crew（技术人员）instead.
It was fun to learn all the technical stuff and to watch the actors from backstage. By the third week I’d remembered everyone’s ___14___.
And then, only a week before the performance, Josh, who played Mr. Zuckerman, broke his leg. “We can’t get someone else ready by next week. We’ll have to put off or even cancel the play.” Mrs. Stevens told us.
Then I heard Trevor’s voice. “Ben can do it. He ____15____ all the lines.”
Mrs. Stevens asked, “Is that right?”
I nodded.
Mrs. Stevens clapped. “Ben, you’ve saved the show, but we have a lot of work to do. Ben, Lindsey—can you stay?”
Mrs. Stevens started us on the first act. I spewed（喷涌）my lines so ____16____ and it sounded like a movie on fast-forward. I even backed up too far and knocked over some scenery（舞台布景）．
Lindsey sighed. “Maybe we should put off the show until Ben gets better.”
I was ready to _____17_____ with her, but Mrs. Stevens spoke first. “No, we have some time yet. Let’s see how it goes tomorrow.”
The next day, Mrs. Stevens helped and taught me during lunch time. I _____18_____ a lot in the following days.
It was opening night. Before the play, my hands turned cold and sweaty. Throughout the whole opening scene, I stood backstage, frozen with fear.
The audience clapped. End of scene one. My entrance was next. The lights came up. I took a deep breath and walked on. It seemed like just a minute later that the play was over. I’d made it through without ____19____ a line or knocking anything over.
As we all walked offstage, Lindsey nudged（轻推）me and said, “You turned out to be some ____20____.”
I smiled. Maybe next year I’ll try out for the lead.
13. A. excited B. right C. surprised D. silent
14. A. lines B. actions C. characters D. attitudes
15. A. copies B. writes C. memorizes D. perfects
16. A. proudly B. clearly C. carefully D. quickly
17. A. agree B. talk C. argue D. discuss
18. A. wondered B. improved C. considered D. discovered
19. A. adding B. drawing C. forming D. missing
20. A. director B. leader C. actor D. trainer
【13~20题答案】
【答案】13. B 14. A 15. C 16. D 17. A 18. B 19. D 20. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者的同学们在排演一部话剧，扮演朱克曼先生的Josh受伤了，于是作者鼓足勇气扮演该角色，最后演出圆满结束。
【13题详解】
句意：Lindsey是对的。
excited兴奋的；right正确的；surprised惊讶的；silent沉默的。根据“What if he ruins（毁掉）the whole play? He’s never acted before”以及“I’d never been in a play”可知作者也认为Lindsey说的对。故选B。
【14题详解】
句意：到第三周，我已经记住了每个人的台词。
lines台词；actions行动；characters角色；attitudes态度。根据“He...all the lines”可知作者记住了所有的台词。故选A。
【15题详解】
句意：他记住了所有的台词。
copies复制；writes写；memorizes记忆；perfects使完善。根据“By the third week I’d remembered everyone’s ”可知作者第三周的时候就记住了所有的台词。故选C。
【16题详解】
句意：我的台词吐得如此之快，听起来就像一部快进电影。
proudly自豪地；clearly清晰地；carefully认真地；quickly快速地。根据“it sounded like a movie on fast-forward”可知听起来像在快进，说明台词说得快。故选D。
【17题详解】
句意：我准备同意她的看法。
agree同意；talk谈话；argue争论；discuss讨论。根据“Maybe we should put off the show until Ben gets better”以及“but Mrs. Stevens spoke first...”可知我本来打算同意推迟演出，但是Stevens夫人不同意。故选A。
【18题详解】
句意：在接下来的几天里，我进步了很多。
wondered想知道；improved提高；considered考虑；discovered发现。根据“Mrs. Stevens helped and taught me”可知她帮助我，教我，所以我进步了很多。故选B。
【19题详解】
句意：我做到了，没有错过任何一句台词或撞倒任何东西。
adding添加；drawing画画；forming形成；missing错过。根据“I’d made it through without...a line”可知演出很成功，没有错过一句台词。故选D。
【20题详解】
句意：结果表明，你是一个演员。
director导演；leader领导者；actor演员；trainer教练。由上文内容可知，作者鼓足勇气扮演了一个角色，而且很成功，所以此处指“演员”。故选C。
三、阅读理解（ 每题 2 分， 共 26 分）
阅读下列短文， 根据短文内容， 从短文后各题 所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中， 选择最佳选项。
A
Your summer vacation is coming at the end of June this year. The following activities in the city can help you to have a colorlul vacation.
Paintings & Ca lligra phy（书法）
Great changes have taken place in China. To show love for the Communist Party of China, 100 students from different schools will use their pens and brushes to show you the great changes. For more information, call Lily at 152-5827, please.
Time：10:00—15:00
July 1st—July 15th, 2022
Closed on Mondays
Place：Achievement Hall
Inventions
To memorize Yuan Longping, Father of Hybrid Rice, people in our city will show you their greatest inventions on saving food. In the show, you can see a lot of new inventions from people at different ages. Guides will stay with you from the beginning to the end.
Time：13:30—16:00
August 10th—August 11th, 2022
Place：Sunshine Hall
A book on embroidery（刺绣）
The book Xun Xiu Ji has been named China’s most beautiful book. Zhang Shulin is the writer of it. We have invited Fan Deng to introduce it to us. For more information, call Linda at 679-8871, please.
Time：14:00—15:30
June 30th, 2022
Place：School Hall
Volunteers
To keep away from COVID-19, we’d better get vaccinated (接种疫苗）．But many people in our community are afraid of it. Please work for our community to tell them the importance of getting vaccinated and help to reduce the worries.
Time：13:30—15:00
July 15th—July 24th, 2022
Place：Community Office
21. In Achievement Hall, you will see ________.
A. a book B. some volunteers
C. many inventions D. some painting works
22. If you want to know more about the book, you should go to School Hall on ________.
A. July 1st B. August 10th C. June 30th D. July 15th
23. If Li Hua is a volunteer in the community, he should ________.
A. introduce the book to students
B. help people to reduce the worries
C. show the great changes in China
D. invent something new to save food
【21~23题答案】
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了一些可以让暑假变得多姿多彩的活动。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据“100 students from different schools will use their pens and brushes to show you the great changes”可知学生用他们的钢笔和画笔展示巨大的变化，故在这里可以看到一些绘画作品。故选D。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三个表格中的“June 30th, 2022”可知时间是2022年6月30号。故选C。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Please work for our community to tell them the importance of getting vaccinated and help to reduce the worries.”可知志愿者要告诉人们接种疫苗的重要性并帮助减少担忧。故选B。
B
My First Marathon
A month before my first marathon, one of my ankles was injured and this meant not running for two weeks, leaving me only two weeks to train. Yet, I was determined to go ahead.
I remember back to my seventh year in school. In my first PE class, the teacher required us to run laps and then hit a softball. I didn’t do either well. He later told me that I was “not athletic”.
The idea that I was “not athletic” stuck with me for years. When I started running at the age of 18, I realized running was a battle against myself, not about competition or whether or not I was athletic. It was all about the battle against my own body and mind. A test of wills（意志力）!
The night before my marathon, I dreamt that I couldn’t even find the finish line. I woke up sweating and nervous, but ready to prove something to myself.
Shortly after crossing the start line, my shoe laces（鞋带）became untied. So I stopped to readjust. Not the start I wanted!
At mile 3, I passed a sign: “GO FOR IT, RUNNERS!”
By mile 17, I became out of breath and the once injured ankle hurt badly. Despite the pain, I stayed the course walking a bit and then running again.
By mile 21, I was starving!
As I approached mile 23, I could see my parents waving a sign. They are my biggest fans. They never minded the alarm clock sounding at 4 a. m. or questioned my costs on running.
I was one of the final runners to finish. But I finished! And I got a medal. In fact, I got the same medal as the one that the guy who came in the first place had.
Determined to be myself, move forward, free of shame and worldly labels（ 世俗标签 ）can now call myself a “marathon winner”.
24. A month before the marathon, the writer ________.
A. was well trained B. felt scared
C. hurt his ankle D. lost hope
25. How was the writer’s first marathon?
A. He made it. B. He gave up halfway.
C. He won the first place. D. He walked to the end.
26. The story mainly tells us that ________.
A. running experience is necessary
B. training a lot makes us powerful
C. winning a race brings us a lot of fun
D having strong wills is the key to success
【24~26题答案】
【答案】24. C 25. A 26. D
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者在参加马拉松之前脚踝受伤，但仍然继续训练，作者通过这篇文章告诉我们：胜利者是意志坚强的人。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据“A month before my first marathon, one of my ankles was injured and this meant not running for two weeks, leaving me only two weeks to train.”可知，作者的脚踝受伤了，故选C。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据“I was one of the final runners to finish.ad.”可知，作者跑完了马拉松，他做到了，故选A。
【26题详解】
主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了作者在参加马拉松之前脚踝受伤，但仍然继续训练，作者通过这篇文章告诉我们：胜利者是意志坚强的人，因此选项“having strong wills is the key to success”符合句意，故选D。
C
We’ve known that sitting for long periods of time every day has countless health consequences（后果）, like a higher risk of heart disease. But now a new study has found that sitting is also bad for your brain.
A study published last week, conducted by Dr.Prabha Siddarth at the University of California, showed that sedentary（久坐不动的）behavior is related to reduced thickness of the medial temporal lobe（中颐叶）, a brain area that is critical to learning and memory.
The researchers asked a group of 35 healthy people, aged 45 to 70, about their activity levels and the average number of hours each day spent sitting and then scanned their brains. They found that the subjects who reported sitting for longer periods had the thinnest medial temporal lobes. It means that the more time you spend in a chair, the worse it is for your brain health, resulting in possible damage to learning and memory.
What is also interesting is that this study did not find a significant relation between the level of physical activity and thickness of this brain area, suggesting that exercise, even severe（剧烈的 ）exercise, may not be enough to protect you from the harmful effects of sitting.
It then surprisingly turned out that you don’t even have to move much to improve cognition（认知）; just standing will do the trick（获得成功）. For example, two groups of subjects were asked to complete a test while either sitting or standing. Participants were asked to name the color, like the word “green” in blue ink. Subjects thinking on their feet beat those who sat by 3 milliseconds.
The cognitive effects of severe physical exercise are well known. But the possibility that standing more and sitting less improves brain health could lower the standard for everyone.
I know, this all runs counter to（与……背道而驰）received ideas about deep thought, from our grade school teachers, who told us to sit down and focus, to Rodin’s famous “The Thinker”, seated with chin on his hand.
They were wrong. You can now all stand up.
27. What can we infer from Paragraph 3 and Paragraph 4?
A. Sedentary behavior will possibly damage our brain.
B. Severe exercise can greatly improve our brain health.
C. Brain health has nothing to do with sedentary behavior.
D. Severe exercise can protect you from the harmful effects of sitting.
28. What is the received idea about deep thought?
A. We should stand while thinking.
B. Sitting is better when we think.
C. More exercise can improve cognition.
D. Sitting more is good for our mental health.
29. The passage mainly tells us _______.
A. people tend to sit while they are thinking
B. physical exercise can improve our brain health
C. standing more and sitting less can make our brain healthier
D. sedentary behavior will increase the thickness of the medial temporal lobe
【27~29题答案】
【答案】27. A 28. B 29. C
【解析】
【导语】本文介绍了久坐的危害以及有关久坐的研究。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据“They found that the subjects who reported sitting for longer periods had the thinnest medial temporal lobes.”可知久坐会让大脑的中颐叶变薄，因此久坐可能会破坏我们的大脑。故选A。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据“I know, this all runs counter to received ideas about deep thought, from our grade school teachers, who told us to sit down and focus, to Rodin’s famous ‘The Thinker’, seated with chin on his hand.”可知之前我们接受有关深思的观点都是坐着思考。故选B。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据“But the possibility that standing more and sitting less improves brain health could lower the standard for everyone.”可知多站少坐会改善大脑健康。故选C。
D
Handwriting is gradually becoming a dying art. Most college students type nearly everything. Elementary and high schools across the country now view typing courses as the main choice. But what are we losing as handwriting loses its significance（重要性）in society? It’s brain power, according to some studies.
Researchers from Princeton University and the University of California conducted a series of studies to prove the differences between students who wrote out their notes and those who typed notes. Participants（参与者）took notes on a lecture using one of the two methods and were tested on the material 30 minutes after the lecture and again a week later. The results of the research appeared in Psychological Science. The authors of the study noted that, while past studies on this topic tended to focus on the distractions（干扰）that resulted from using a computer, in this study, participants were using the laptops only to take notes. And handwriting still emerged as（成为）the champion.
That’s not to say that typing doesn’t have its benefits. Clearvue Health recently took a deep dive into the findings of a study to assess pros and cons（评估利弊）of writing and typing. The typists could copy down significantly more words than the writers. But while more of the lecture’s content was retained in the computer when typing. The tests that the participants took proved this. On the test 30 minutes after the lecture, typists and writers did more or less equally well on questions about the basic facts of the lecture, but typists faltered（结巴）when it came to more conceptual questions. Students who take handwritten notes need to quickly process the lesson and rewrite it in a way they can understand, giving them an advantage in remembering new concepts（概念）in the long term.
As for the later quiz, well, the results were similar. Students with handwritten notes were able to remember and still understand the concepts of the lecture after a week had passed. These participants were also more open to understanding new ideas. Clearly, writing by hand can make you smarter.
Computers aren’t going away anytime soon, but that doesn’t mean paper notebooks need to become obsolete. If your goal is to be able to set down facts, the efficiency of typing might best benefit you. But when it comes to truly dissecting（剖析）information, truly learning from it in the sense of making connections between analyzing the material, and retaining it in the long run, writing by hand is a better choice.
30. What can we know about the studies in Paragraph 2?
A. The studies were about the advantages of taking notes.
B. Participants used two methods to take notes at the same time.
C. The results of the studies were published in Psychological Science.
D. The studies were only conducted by researchers from Princeton University.
31. What can be inferred about typists from Paragraph 3?
A. They kept more contents of a lecture in their mind when typing.
B. They could copy down more contents of a lecture than writers.
C. They could remember new concepts for a long time by typing.
D. They did better on questions about the facts of the lecture than writers.
32. The word “obsolete” in the last paragraph probably means “_________”.
A. out of shape B. out of order C. out of control D. out of date
33. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A. Why Handwriting Makes You Smarter
B. Why Typing Has Become So Widespread
C. Why Typists Take Notes Effectively
D. Why Writers Have Long Term Memory
【30~33题答案】
【答案】30. C 31. B 32. D 33. A
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了在键盘运用如此广泛的今天，手写依旧彰显出自身的独特魅力和优势：更加简洁、更具条理、更扣要点、帮助记忆。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The results of the research appeared in Psychological Science.”可知，研究结果发表在《心理科学》杂志上，故选C。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The typists could copy down significantly more words than the writers.”可知，打字员能抄写的字比作家多得多，故选B。
【32题详解】
词句猜测题。根据“Computers aren’t going away anytime soon, but that doesn’t mean paper notebooks need to become obsolete.”可知，电脑不会很快消失，但这并不意味着纸质笔记本需要被淘汰，因此“obsolete”意为“out of date”，故选D。
【33题详解】
最佳标题题。根据“But what are we losing as handwriting loses its significance（ 重要性 ）in society? It’s brain power, according to some studies.”和“Clearly, writing by hand can make you smarter.”可知，书写对我们的脑力有重要意义，因此“Why Handwriting Makes You Smarter”符合句意，故选A。
第二部分
本部分共 6 题， 共 20 分。根据题目要求， 完成相应任 务。
四、阅读表达（ 每题 2 分， 共 10 分）
阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
What are some things in your life that give you too much stress? Find out what you can do about it.
School Work and Grades
As a student, school work and grades are at the top of your stress list. Even if your school grades are not so bad, you may still fear that you may not do as well as you expect. Heavily learning burden is another cause for worry.
Why not take it easy by leaving extra time to study and take frequent breaks to avoid being so tired? Manage your time carefully and do not put things off.
Friendships and Relationships
Have you ever been concerned with not having enough friends, or not being in the same class as your best friends? These, along with other issues(问题) such as peer pressure and interpersonal disagreements and arguments, are other common stress.
It is important to know how to choose your circle of friends wisely. Do not “hide” in your own “nest”. Make friends when you join school activities. Make plans to meet with your friends from other classes during break time. Know that everyone is unique and different—do not compare yourself with others.
Poor Diet and Lack of Sleep
Do you know that eating too much fast food and junk food can lead to mood changes, lack of energy and other negative effects? These convenience food which have less nutrition(营养) may cause other health issues. Some students suffer from sleep problems too. When that happens, they behave poorly in class.
Learn to make wise food choices that you can enjoy. Well plan and arrange your daily routine. Completing all school tasks, going to bed at a set time every night. Avoid playing computer games or smartphone before you sleep. Do see a doctor if your sleeping problems continue.
34. What’s at the top of stress list for students?
______________________________
35. Is it important to know how to choose your circle of friends wisely?
______________________________
36. How can you make more friends?
______________________________
37. Why do students behave poorly in class?
______________________________
38 What’s the stress in your life? How do you deal with it?
______________________________
【34~38题答案】
【答案】34. School work and grades.
35. Yes. 36. To make friends when joining school activities.
37. Because they suffer from sleeping problems.
38. One possible key: Sometimes I suffer from my study. I always ask my friends to give me some advice on doing sports to relax myself.
【解析】
【导语】本文介绍了几种生活中常见的压力，并就此提出了一些解决办法。
【34题详解】
根据“As a student, school work and grades are at the top of your stress list.”可知，作为一名学生，学业和成绩是你压力清单上的首位。故填School work and grades.
【35题详解】
根据“It is important to know how to choose your circle of friends wisely.”可知，知道如何明智地选择朋友圈是很重要的。 故填Yes.
【36题详解】
根据“Make friends when you join school activities.”可知，可以在参加学校活动时交朋友。故填To make friends when joining school activities.
【37题详解】
根据“Some students suffer from sleep problems too. When that happens, they behave poorly in class.”可知，一些学生也有睡眠问题，当这种情况发生时，他们在课堂上的表现很差。故填Because they suffer from sleeping problems.
38题详解】
本题属于开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案：Sometimes I suffer from my study. I always ask my friends to give me some advice or do sports to relax myself.
五、文段表达 ( 10 分）
从下面两个题目中任选一题， 根据中文和英文提示 ， 完成一篇不少于 50 词的文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用 。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。
题目①
39. 阅读是成长的基石，阅读让人生精彩。
为助力打造“书香校园”，你校英语社团正在举办以“热爱阅读”为主题的征文活动。假如你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投稿，谈谈你通常读什么书， 以及阅读给你带来的好处。
提示词语： knowledge, improve, meaningful
提示问题：• What do you usually read?
• What benefits have you got from reading?
There is no doubt that reading plays an important role in our life.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【39题答案】
【答案】例文
There is no doubt that reading plays an important role in our life. I like reading very much, especially books about history, and benefit a lot from it.
Firstly, I gain plenty of knowledge about history which opens my eyes. Besides, through reading, I know a lot of famous people in our history. Their stories encourage me to face difficulties bravely. In a word, it’s meaningful for me to read books. Reading can not only increase my knowledge and experience, but also help build my character.
【解析】
【详解】1. 题目解读：题目要求以“热爱阅读”为主题写一篇英语短文；要求包含所有提示内容。
2. 写作指导：此作文时态用一般现在时；采用第一人称口吻；可采用2段落格式，第一段：阐述自己读什么书；第二段：阐述读书带来的好处，要做到无语法和单词拼写错误。
题目②
40. 人要有梦想，有了梦想才会努力拼搏，人生才更有意义。某英文网站正在开展以 “On the Way to My Dream”为主题的征文活动。假如你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投稿，谈谈你的梦想是什么，在逐梦道路上有过什么特殊经历，以及你的感受。
提示词语： difficult , help , achieve, success
提示问题：• What’s your dream?
•What’s your special experience?
•What do you think of it?
On the Way to My Dream
Everyone has a dream.
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【40题答案】
【答案】例文
On the Way to My Dream
Everyone has a dream. So do I. My dream is to be a teacher.
When I was a primary student, I was not good at English. Reading and writing were very difficult for me. Luckily, my English teacher encouraged me to be confident and helped me a lot. I practiced reading and writing during the whole year. Finally, with his help, I did better in English and achieved success. From then on, I made up my mind to be a teacher like him. I hope to influence students in their life, too.
Now I will keep going and try my best to realize my dream.
【解析】
【详解】1.题干解读：本文主要是结合自己的经历讨论自己的梦想，根据题干中的问题进行写作，可适当增加细节。
2.写作指导：本文以第一人称为主；时态以一般现在时和一般过去时为主。第一段引出主题；第二段讲述自己经历；最后一段表示自己的希望。在介绍内容时，力求语言准确，内容完整，保证行文连贯，条理清晰。
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