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2022年高考英语语法提升-- -倒装句（讲解+习题）学案
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这是一份2022年高考英语语法提升-- -倒装句（讲解+习题）学案，共7页。
英语句子通常有两种语序:一种主语在前,谓语在后,称为自然语序,另一种谓语在前,主语在后,称为倒装语序。
二.相关知识点精讲
按“主语+ 谓语” 这种顺序排列的句子是陈述语序。如果排列顺序变为“谓语（ 或谓语一部分）+主语”，就是倒装。倒装句分为：
完全倒装： 整个谓语移至主语前面叫完全倒装。
部分倒装： 只把助动词、系动词或情态动词放在主语之前叫部分倒装。
1. 当以there, here, ut , in , up , dwn, away 等副词开头的句子，为了起到强调的作用，可构成倒装句，只把副词放在句首，主语和谓语位置调换，不加助动词。
Our teacher came in.
In came ur teacher.
这种倒装要求：主语必须是名词。主语是人称代词时，主语和谓语语序不变。
Here it is.
Away he went.
这类倒装句式一般只用一般现在时和一般过去时。
Here cmes the bus.
Out rushed the bys.
2. hw, then, just, ften 表示时间的副词放在句首，可构成倒装句，只把副词放在句首，主语和谓语位置调换，不加助动词。
Then came 8 years f the Anti Japanese War.
3. 表地点状语的介词短语放在句首，要用倒装句式，以示强调。
这种倒装句也是主谓直接调换位置，不加助动词did, des或d.
Under a big tree ________, half asleep.
A. did sat a fat man B. a fat man sat
C. did a fat man sat D. sat a fat man
4. there放在句首时，要用倒装句式。
在“there + be”结构中的谓语动词有时不用be , 而用表示类似“存在”观念的其他不及物动词。如：live, stand, cme, lie, flw, enter, rise 和appear等。
There came shuts fr help frm the river.
There lies a large wheat field in frnt f the huse.
Many years ag there lived an ld man in the wden huse.
In frnt f the twer flws a stream.
5. s + 动词+主语
neither/ nr + 动词+主语
表示两人的同样一个情况时，只能表示一件事，即上、下句所使用的动词、时态要一致。
否则要用s it is with…
Yu can ride a bike. S can I .
He has been t Beijing. S have I .
The first ne isn’t gd, neither is the secnd.
His uncle is a wrker and has been wrking in the factry fr mre than ten years. S it is with his aunt.
6. s+ 形容词/副词that 的结构状语从句可以用正常语序表示，也可以把s+形容词/副词放于句首构成倒装。句型如下： s +形容词/副词+be/助动词/情态动词that +从句。
Light travels s fast that it is difficult fr us t imagine its speed.
= S fast des light travel that it is difficult fr us t imagine its speed.
S easy was the wrk that they finished it in a few days.
7. dne做形容词在句中做表语时，常把表语放在句首，要用倒装句式。
Gne frever are the days when the Chinese peple had t use freign il.
8. 否定副词nt , never, seldm, nwhere, little , rarely 放于句首时要用倒装句式。
We seldm get up at fur in the mrning.
= Seldm d we get up at fur in the mrning.
Nt a single wrd frm him culd the enemy drag.
Rarely have I heard f such a silly thing.
9. hardly…when; scarcely…when…; n sner…than… 可以用正常语序 had hardly dne when… did 或用倒装句式Hardly had + 主语+ dne when… did 句式。hardly所在的句子用过去完成时。
The bell hardly had rung when the class began.= Hardly had the bell rung when the class began.
N sner had he arrived in Beijing than he began t wrk.
10. nt nly… but als 如连接两个成分时，不用倒装；连接句子时， 前面的句子要用倒装。
Nt nly was everything that he had taken away frm him, but als his German citizenship.
Nt nly is he busy, but als I have a lt f wrk t d.
Nt nly des he speak English very well, but als he speaks French well.
11. nly 及所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句放在句首时，要用：
nly+ 状语+ be /助动词/情态动词+主语及其他
Only when he tld me the news did I knw what had happened.
Only in this way can yu make prgress in yur English.
12. 虚拟语气中的倒装句
If I were yu, I wuld take the jb. = Were I yu, I wuld take the jb.
1._______ and caught the muse.
A. Up the cat jumped B. The cat up jumped
C. Up jumped the cat D. Jumped up the cat
2.______ and the lessn began.
A. In came Mr Brwn B. Mr Brwn in came
C. In came he D. came in Mr Brwn
3. Over _______, dead.
A. rlling the gat B. rlled the gat
C. did the gat rll D. the gat rlled
4.—Where is my shirt, mum? —_________.
A. There is it B. There it is
C. There is D. Here is it
5. —Where is yur father? —Oh, ________.
A. here he cmes B. he here cmes
C. here des he cme D. here cmes he
6. The dr pened and there ________.
A. enters an ld man
B. entered an ld man
C. did an ld man enter
D. an ld man entered
7. Nw ______ yur turn t recite the text.
A. will cme B. cmes C. has cme D. there is
8. Often _____ them nt t smke here.
A. we advised B. advised me
C. did we advise D. had we advised
9. ________ playing sldiers.
A. Inside the rm were tw bys
B. Inside the rm tw bys
C. Were tw bys inside the rm
D. Inside the rm was tw bys
10. On the wall _______ tw large prtraits.
A. are hanging B. hanged C. hang D. hangs
11. _______ wh was wunded in the stmach.
A. Amng them were a sldier B. Amng them was a sldier
C. Amng them a sldier was D. Amng they was a sldier
12. Next dr t urs ________ , wh is n less than eighty.
A. that lives an ld man B. des an ld man live
C. lives an ld man D. where lives an ld man
13. She plays the pian very well, ______.
A. s every ne f us des B. every ne f us des
C. s des every ne f us D. s d every ne f us
14. Yu say he wrks hard, ______, and _____.
A. s he des; s yu d B. s he des; s d yu
C. s des he; s d yu D. s des he; s yu d
15. —I thught yu wmen were present at the meeting. —__________.
A. S we were B. S we did C. S were we D. S did we
16. I dn’t think Jack will cme tday, _____.
A. nr will Mary B. and Mary desn’t
C. Mary will either D. r Mary des
17. She is fnd f cking, _____I.
A. s am B. nr am C. neither d D. nr d
18. Marx was brn in Germany and German was his native language .
A. S it was with Angles B. S was it with Angles
C. S was Angles D. S did Angles
19. A fish needs water and withut water it will die._______.
A. S des a man B. S will a man
C. S it is with a man D. S is it with a man
20. S absrbed _______ the wrk that she ften frgt t _____ her meals.
A. had she been in; d B. she was in; make
C. was she in; take D. she had been in ; have
21. S ludly ______ that every ne f the class culd hear him.
A. did he speak B. did he spke C. spke he D. he spke
22. __________ his appearance that n ne culd recgnize him.
A. Strange s was B. S strange was
C. Was s strange D. S was strange
23. Nt nce ______ their plan.
A. did they change B. they changed
C. changed they D. they did change
24. Never ______ such a wnderful place as Hangzhu.
A. are seeing B. had I seen
C. I have seen D. have I seen
25. Seldm ______ TV during the day.
A. they watch B. are they watching
C. have they watched D. d they watch
26. Nwhere ______ as in my garden.
A. the flwers were s beautiful
B. were the flwers s beautiful
C. s beautiful were the flwers
D. s beautiful the flwers were
27. Hardly ________ his hmewrk when he went ut.
A. finished he B. he had finished
C. did he finish D. had he finished
28. Scarcely _____ finished their hmewrk ______ I came int the classrm.
A. had they; than B. they had; when
C. had they; when D. did they; when
29. Nt nly _______ a prmise, but als he kept it.
A. has he made B. des he make
C. he made D. did he make
30. Nt until his cmrades criticized him _______ t admit his mistake.
A. had he begun B. began he
C. did he begin D. des he begin
答案
1—5 CABBA 6—10 BBBDA 11—15 BCCBA
16—20 BAACC 21—25 ABADD 26—30 BDCDC
英语句子通常有两种语序:一种主语在前,谓语在后,称为自然语序,另一种谓语在前,主语在后,称为倒装语序。
二.相关知识点精讲
按“主语+ 谓语” 这种顺序排列的句子是陈述语序。如果排列顺序变为“谓语（ 或谓语一部分）+主语”，就是倒装。倒装句分为：
完全倒装： 整个谓语移至主语前面叫完全倒装。
部分倒装： 只把助动词、系动词或情态动词放在主语之前叫部分倒装。
1. 当以there, here, ut , in , up , dwn, away 等副词开头的句子，为了起到强调的作用，可构成倒装句，只把副词放在句首，主语和谓语位置调换，不加助动词。
Our teacher came in.
In came ur teacher.
这种倒装要求：主语必须是名词。主语是人称代词时，主语和谓语语序不变。
Here it is.
Away he went.
这类倒装句式一般只用一般现在时和一般过去时。
Here cmes the bus.
Out rushed the bys.
2. hw, then, just, ften 表示时间的副词放在句首，可构成倒装句，只把副词放在句首，主语和谓语位置调换，不加助动词。
Then came 8 years f the Anti Japanese War.
3. 表地点状语的介词短语放在句首，要用倒装句式，以示强调。
这种倒装句也是主谓直接调换位置，不加助动词did, des或d.
Under a big tree ________, half asleep.
A. did sat a fat man B. a fat man sat
C. did a fat man sat D. sat a fat man
4. there放在句首时，要用倒装句式。
在“there + be”结构中的谓语动词有时不用be , 而用表示类似“存在”观念的其他不及物动词。如：live, stand, cme, lie, flw, enter, rise 和appear等。
There came shuts fr help frm the river.
There lies a large wheat field in frnt f the huse.
Many years ag there lived an ld man in the wden huse.
In frnt f the twer flws a stream.
5. s + 动词+主语
neither/ nr + 动词+主语
表示两人的同样一个情况时，只能表示一件事，即上、下句所使用的动词、时态要一致。
否则要用s it is with…
Yu can ride a bike. S can I .
He has been t Beijing. S have I .
The first ne isn’t gd, neither is the secnd.
His uncle is a wrker and has been wrking in the factry fr mre than ten years. S it is with his aunt.
6. s+ 形容词/副词that 的结构状语从句可以用正常语序表示，也可以把s+形容词/副词放于句首构成倒装。句型如下： s +形容词/副词+be/助动词/情态动词that +从句。
Light travels s fast that it is difficult fr us t imagine its speed.
= S fast des light travel that it is difficult fr us t imagine its speed.
S easy was the wrk that they finished it in a few days.
7. dne做形容词在句中做表语时，常把表语放在句首，要用倒装句式。
Gne frever are the days when the Chinese peple had t use freign il.
8. 否定副词nt , never, seldm, nwhere, little , rarely 放于句首时要用倒装句式。
We seldm get up at fur in the mrning.
= Seldm d we get up at fur in the mrning.
Nt a single wrd frm him culd the enemy drag.
Rarely have I heard f such a silly thing.
9. hardly…when; scarcely…when…; n sner…than… 可以用正常语序 had hardly dne when… did 或用倒装句式Hardly had + 主语+ dne when… did 句式。hardly所在的句子用过去完成时。
The bell hardly had rung when the class began.= Hardly had the bell rung when the class began.
N sner had he arrived in Beijing than he began t wrk.
10. nt nly… but als 如连接两个成分时，不用倒装；连接句子时， 前面的句子要用倒装。
Nt nly was everything that he had taken away frm him, but als his German citizenship.
Nt nly is he busy, but als I have a lt f wrk t d.
Nt nly des he speak English very well, but als he speaks French well.
11. nly 及所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句放在句首时，要用：
nly+ 状语+ be /助动词/情态动词+主语及其他
Only when he tld me the news did I knw what had happened.
Only in this way can yu make prgress in yur English.
12. 虚拟语气中的倒装句
If I were yu, I wuld take the jb. = Were I yu, I wuld take the jb.
1._______ and caught the muse.
A. Up the cat jumped B. The cat up jumped
C. Up jumped the cat D. Jumped up the cat
2.______ and the lessn began.
A. In came Mr Brwn B. Mr Brwn in came
C. In came he D. came in Mr Brwn
3. Over _______, dead.
A. rlling the gat B. rlled the gat
C. did the gat rll D. the gat rlled
4.—Where is my shirt, mum? —_________.
A. There is it B. There it is
C. There is D. Here is it
5. —Where is yur father? —Oh, ________.
A. here he cmes B. he here cmes
C. here des he cme D. here cmes he
6. The dr pened and there ________.
A. enters an ld man
B. entered an ld man
C. did an ld man enter
D. an ld man entered
7. Nw ______ yur turn t recite the text.
A. will cme B. cmes C. has cme D. there is
8. Often _____ them nt t smke here.
A. we advised B. advised me
C. did we advise D. had we advised
9. ________ playing sldiers.
A. Inside the rm were tw bys
B. Inside the rm tw bys
C. Were tw bys inside the rm
D. Inside the rm was tw bys
10. On the wall _______ tw large prtraits.
A. are hanging B. hanged C. hang D. hangs
11. _______ wh was wunded in the stmach.
A. Amng them were a sldier B. Amng them was a sldier
C. Amng them a sldier was D. Amng they was a sldier
12. Next dr t urs ________ , wh is n less than eighty.
A. that lives an ld man B. des an ld man live
C. lives an ld man D. where lives an ld man
13. She plays the pian very well, ______.
A. s every ne f us des B. every ne f us des
C. s des every ne f us D. s d every ne f us
14. Yu say he wrks hard, ______, and _____.
A. s he des; s yu d B. s he des; s d yu
C. s des he; s d yu D. s des he; s yu d
15. —I thught yu wmen were present at the meeting. —__________.
A. S we were B. S we did C. S were we D. S did we
16. I dn’t think Jack will cme tday, _____.
A. nr will Mary B. and Mary desn’t
C. Mary will either D. r Mary des
17. She is fnd f cking, _____I.
A. s am B. nr am C. neither d D. nr d
18. Marx was brn in Germany and German was his native language .
A. S it was with Angles B. S was it with Angles
C. S was Angles D. S did Angles
19. A fish needs water and withut water it will die._______.
A. S des a man B. S will a man
C. S it is with a man D. S is it with a man
20. S absrbed _______ the wrk that she ften frgt t _____ her meals.
A. had she been in; d B. she was in; make
C. was she in; take D. she had been in ; have
21. S ludly ______ that every ne f the class culd hear him.
A. did he speak B. did he spke C. spke he D. he spke
22. __________ his appearance that n ne culd recgnize him.
A. Strange s was B. S strange was
C. Was s strange D. S was strange
23. Nt nce ______ their plan.
A. did they change B. they changed
C. changed they D. they did change
24. Never ______ such a wnderful place as Hangzhu.
A. are seeing B. had I seen
C. I have seen D. have I seen
25. Seldm ______ TV during the day.
A. they watch B. are they watching
C. have they watched D. d they watch
26. Nwhere ______ as in my garden.
A. the flwers were s beautiful
B. were the flwers s beautiful
C. s beautiful were the flwers
D. s beautiful the flwers were
27. Hardly ________ his hmewrk when he went ut.
A. finished he B. he had finished
C. did he finish D. had he finished
28. Scarcely _____ finished their hmewrk ______ I came int the classrm.
A. had they; than B. they had; when
C. had they; when D. did they; when
29. Nt nly _______ a prmise, but als he kept it.
A. has he made B. des he make
C. he made D. did he make
30. Nt until his cmrades criticized him _______ t admit his mistake.
A. had he begun B. began he
C. did he begin D. des he begin
答案
1—5 CABBA 6—10 BBBDA 11—15 BCCBA
16—20 BAACC 21—25 ABADD 26—30 BDCDC
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