考点08-祈使句和感叹句-2022年小升初衔接英语训练营（通用版）

考点八  祈使句和感叹句

【课程讲解】

————小学初中课程概要————

【知识再现】

————小学知识总结————

祈使句

作用：A叫B干什么或别干什么

以动词原形开头

Open the door.

Shut the door.

Open the window.

以Don’t开头

Don’t speak with your mouth full of food.

Don’t sleep in class.

Don’t fight with your classmate.

以Let’s开头

Let’s go and get some drinks.

Let’s not talk here. 

注意区分let’s & let us

let’s包含听话人在内，let us不包含听话人

No型

No photos.

No smoking.

No fishing.

No talking.

感叹句

1. 由what引导的感叹句

what在感叹句中修饰名词，它的基本结构有：

（1）what＋a/an＋形容词＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语，其中的主语和谓语可以省略。

如：What a good student she is! 多好的学生啊！

（2）what＋形容词＋可数名词复数/不可数名词＋主语＋谓语，其中的主语和谓语可以省略。

如：What interesting books they are!

多么有趣的书啊！

2. 由how引导的感叹句

how在感叹句中修饰形容词或副词，它的基本结构有三种：

（1）how＋形容词＋主语＋谓语

如：How beautiful the flower is!

那朵花多么漂亮啊！

（2）how＋副词＋主语＋谓语

如：How well he speaks Chinese!

他汉语说得多好啊！

————初中知识归纳————

祈使句

考向一：祈使句的基本用法

祈使句是用来表示命令、请求、建议或劝告等的句子。常省略主语，谓语动词用原形。

1.肯定的祈使句

①句型：动词原形＋其他成分。

Be careful! 小心！

②＂Do＋祈使句＂表示一种强烈的感情或请求，do起强调作用。

③please用在祈使句中可以表示一种客气的语气，但please用在句末时，必须用逗号与其余部分隔开。

Close the door, please. 请关门。

2.否定的祈使句

①常用句型：Don’t＋动词原形＋其他成分。

Don’t be late for school again! 别再迟到了！

②用Never开头：Never＋动词原形＋其他成分。

Never leave today’s work for tomorrow! 不要把今天的工作留到明天！

3. Let引导的祈使句

以Let开头的句子也是祈使句，表示陈述和建议。其否定形式有两种：Let...not或Don’t...

Let us not be late. 让我们不要迟到。

Don’t let the boy play football in the street. 不要让这个男孩在街上踢足球。学&科网

考向二：祈使句与简单句、复合句之间的转换

1.＂Let’s + 动词原形 + 其他＂可转换为＂Shall we + 动词原形 + 其他? ＂。

Let’s go fishing this afternoon.

=Shall we go fishing this afternoon?

2.＂祈使句 + and/or + 简单句＂可转换为含if引导的条件状语从句的复合句。

Use your head, and you’ll find a way.

=If you use your head, you’ll find a way.

Hurry up, or we’ll be late.

=If we don’t hurry up, we’ll be late.

感叹句

考向一：感叹句的基本用法

用来表示说话人强烈的喜、怒、哀、乐等感情的句子，叫感叹句。感叹句由what或how引导，具体用法如下表：

感叹句记忆口诀

感叹句，并不难，what与how应在前。

形容词、副词跟着how，what后面名词连。

名词若是可数单，前带冠词a或an。

主语、谓语放后面，省略它们也常见。

【典型例题】

一、单选题

1．—________ arrive late for class, Mike.

—I won’t.

A．Can’t B．Doesn’t C．Don’t D．Do

2．—________ call me Mimi! It’s my cat’s name.

—Sorry, I won’t.

A．Doesn’t B．Don’t C．Not D．No

3．—Is it warm today?

—No, it is very cold. _________ your coat, please.

A．Put on B．Putting on C．Wear D．Wearing

4．________ right at the second crossing and you will find the hospital.

A．Turn B．To turn C．Turning D．Turns

5．Have a good rest, _______ you won’t get well soon.

A．or B．and C．so D．but

6．—________ late for school again.

—Sorry, I won't.

A．Not be B．Don't be C．Not D．Don't

7．Please ________; it’s time for class.

A．wake up him B．wake him up C．woke up him D．woke him up

8．Let’s ________ the zoo. I want ________ the tigers.

A．go; see B．go to; to see C．to go; see D．to go; to see

9．—Listen! Someone is playing the piano.

—Wow. ________beautiful music it is!

A．What B．How a C．What a D．How

10．________ great festival it was! Everyone had a great time there.

A．What a B．What C．How a

11．________ good time we have had in junior middle school!

A．What B．What a C．How D．How a

12．________ bad weather it was yesterday!

A．What a B．How a C．What D．How

13．________ fine weather it is!

A．How B．What a C．What an D．What

14．________ beautiful your classroom is!

A．How a B．How C．What a D．What

15．Miss Jian often helps us with our Maths. ________ nice she is!

A．How B．What C．How a D．What a

二、根据要求，改写下列句子。

16．Shanghai is an interesting city(感叹句).

______ _____ interesting city Shanghai is!

17．He was an honest boy. (改为感叹句)

________ an ________ boy he was!

18．The information is very important. (改为感叹句)

________ important information!

19．Kunming is very beautiful. (改为感叹句)

________ ________ Kunming is!

20．The book is very interesting. (改为感叹句)

________ ________ book it is!

21．You should speak English in class.(改为祈使句)

____ ____ English in class.

22．You can’t swim in the river.（改为祈使句）

________________

23．Would you like to give me more personal space?(改为祈使句)

________ ________ more personal space.

24．We can’t run in the classroom.(改为祈使句) 

__________ __________ in the classroom.

25．You can’t play games all day. (改为祈使句)

________ ________ games all day.

26．不要互相打架。

__________ __________ __________ each other.

27．咱们步行去公园吧。

___ ___ ___ the park.

28．跟我走吧。我认识去公交站的路。

___ ___, please. I know ___ ___ ___ the bus stop.

29．一直走，你将会看到红绿灯。

_____ _____ _____, and you’ll see the traffic lights.

30．我的电脑出了问题。请帮我修下。

There is ________ ________ ________ my computer. Please ________ ________ ________it.

31．这个厨房可真脏啊！我们赶紧收拾一下吧！

What a dirty ____________ it is! Let’s clean it right now!

32．我多么想吃到妈妈做的美味粽子啊!

How I ________ _________ have my mother’s ________ zongzi!

33．多么美丽的一个小镇啊!

____ ____ beautiful town!

34．要让这棵小树活着真难啊！

________ it is to ________ the little tree ________!

35．这些花多漂亮啊!

________they are!

三、根据句意及汉语或首字母提示完成单词。

36．He was a ________ (可爱的) little boy.

37．How  ________ (幸运的) they are to have such a good teacher!

38．You can see many flowers in the  ________ (农村).

39．We t______ some photos in the park last month.

40．He f______ the chickens on the farm yesterday.

41．My school is next to the __________(医院).

42．The food is __________(免费的) for the children and teachers.

43．Mary lives in the __________(北方) of China.

44．Please come to my __________(办公室) soon.

45．Don’t __________(花费) so much time on computer games.

46．There is a b__________ in the street. You can get money there.

47．The library is b__________ the park and the post office. It’s not far.

48．Don’t c__________ the tall tree down. It’s dangerous.

49．He is very clever, so he can finish it e__________.

50．A__________ and sunshine are free but important to us.

51．What useful____________（信息）we get from this TV show！

52．Our hearts were_______（破碎的）when we heard the terrible news.

53．One of my________（经理）houses needs repairing.

54．She works as a secretary in a big_______（公司）.

55．Many________（大学）students will help the old people clean their flats this weekend.