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Passage 1．（2021•西南联盟一模拟）
Market traders and street vendrs （摊贩）are making a cmeback acrss China，and this time they find themselves equipped with a new set f digital skills essential t navigating the vast cnsumer market. T revitalize（复兴）retail stands，in a mve aimed at stimulating dmestic spending and stabilizing emplyment， the cuntry's leading e﹣cmmerce platfrms are lending a helping hand， ffering services like accessible financing backed by technlgies.
Dmestic whlesale site 1688.cm is amng the first grup f tech players with such fferings. At the heart f the actin plan is an effrt t link street vendrs directly with factries，effectively aviding middlemen and saving time and csts.
Accrding t general manager Wang Hai，numerus small﹣scale merchants n the site have managed t gain the upper hand in price negtiatins，while manufacturers are mre willing t mass﹣prduce as the ecnmy f scale serves t reduce csts， thus creating a win﹣win situatin.
"Data analytics als kicks in，giving traders sme insight int current cnsumer trends s that they n lnger need t perate their business purely based n intuitin（直觉），and they can avid stckpiling，" Wang said. Fr instance，the mst sught﹣after categries in markets are daily necessities，underwear，digital gadgets and beauty prducts， accrding t the cmpany， whereas the mst passinate buyers cme frm Guangdng， Zhejiang and Jiangsu prvinces.
Meanwhile， t stabilize emplyment， e﹣cmmerce majr JD.cm vwed t add a number f jb psitins that either require flexible wrking hurs， allw wrking frm hme r are designed t prmte startup businesses. Fr psts related t delivery，warehuse management and packaging， pririty is given t peple frm pverty﹣stricken areas.
"The COVID﹣19 utbreak will accelerate the digital transfrmatin f the real ecnmy，and individual traders and smaller stres are n exceptin，" said Xu Lei，CEO f JD's retail unit. "We have the capability and，mre imprtantly， the respnsibility t inject vitality（活力）int these entities， thus cntributing t the ecnmic rebund（回弹）and stabilizing emplyment.
（1）What can we learn abut e﹣cmmerce platfrms like 1688.cm？
A. They have an advantage in price negtiatin. B. Their effrts help street vendrs cut the cst.
C. They increase prductin thrugh technlgy. D. Their services are financed by the gvernment.
（2）Hw des data analytics benefit traders？
A. By imprving traders' business intuitin. B. By helping traders find ut market trends.
C. By telling traders when t stckpile gds. D. By aiding traders in cntrlling the market.
（3）Wh is mre likely t get a delivery jb frm JD？
A. A persn experienced in driving a truck. B. A persn willing t start a new business.
C. A persn frm an underdevelped village. D. A persn preferring flexible wrking hurs.
（4）Which clumn f a newspaper is the passage prbably taken frm？
A. Culture. B. Wrld. C. Lifestyle. D. Business.
Passage 2．（2021•山东模拟）
In a time when peple are stckpiling （囤积） supplies and emptying supermarket shelves， gallns f milk are being dumped due t the utbreak f COVID﹣19.
A farm in Wiscnsin， US， had t deal with 15000 gallns f milk per day fr abut a week，which went far beynd their restring abilities. Accrding t agricultural ecnmist Andrew Nvakvic， it's the wrst the industry has seen，cmparable t the Great Depressin﹣﹣a severe wrldwide ecnmic depressin in the 1930s. A similar case ccurred in the UK when abut 28 millin liters f beer and cider had t be pured dwn drains due t the lckdwn， reprted The Times n April 13.
It is nt hard t see why. The sudden clsure f restaurants，schls and ther businesses means that these prducts have nt been bught. The crnavirus utbreak is influencing the glbal ecnmy， causing stck market chas and frcing big cmpanies t cut jbs. Wrld trade is expected t fall by 13 t 32 percent in 2020 due t the disruptin f COVID﹣19. The Internatinal Labur Organizatin reprted that wrkers arund the wrld culd lse as much as ＄3.4 trillin in incme by the end f this year. The reprt added that the virus will wipe ut 6.7 percent f wrking hurs glbally in the secnd quarter f 2020， which is equivalent t 195 millin full﹣time jbs.
Estimating that "a rapid， vigrus rebund is pssible"，WTO Directr﹣General Rbert Azeved underlined that "if cuntries wrk tgether， we will see a much faster recvery than if each cuntry acts alne". T crdinate a multilateral respnse t the pandemic， leaders at the G20 summit annunced that targeted ecnmic measures wuld be taken t reduce the impacts f the pandemic， including investing ver ＄5 trillin int the glbal ecnmy.
United Natins Secretary﹣General Antni Guterres stated that nw we are facing a glbal health crisis unlike any in the 75﹣year histry f the United Natins. "A glbal decline，perhaps f recrd dimensins，is a near certainty. This is， abve all， a human crisis that calls fr unity，" he said. "This is a mment that demands crdinated，decisive and innvative plicy actin frm the wrld's leading ecnmies."
（1）What's the direct reasn fr milk and beer being dumped？
A. Peple's stckpiling supplies and emptying supermarket shelves. B. The utbreak f COVID﹣19.
C. The lckdwn f certain cities. D. The sudden clsure f restaurants， schls and ther businesses.
（2）What's the purpse f listing the figures in Paragraph 3？
A. T describe the fact that glbal ecnmy is declining.
B. T shw the severe influence f crnavirus n the glbal ecnmy.
C. T tell readers abut the authr's cncern fr glbal ecnmy.
D. T analyze the difficulty that glbal ecnmy is facing.
（3）What des WTO Directr﹣General Rbert Azeved's wrds imply？
A. The pandemic is estimated t return sme day.
B. It is favrable t act alne during the pandemic.
C. Cuntries' wrking tgether cntributes t the recvery f glbal ecnmy.
D. Cuntries' acting alne fail t recver glbal ecnmy.
（4）What is the attitude f the United Natins Secretary﹣General？
A. Pessimistic. B. Uncertain. C. Eager. D. Uncncerned.
Passage 3．（2021•山东模拟）
One f the biggest tpics f the last decade，sustainability（可持续发展） has becme the beacn f hpe t prtect the planet. Frm supermarkets taking actin n plastic packaging t the zer waste mvement that can be practised frm yur kitchen， changes made by individuals and rganizatins acrss the glbe has had an impact n the way we think， shp and live.
S what des that mean fr the wrld f technlgy？ Yu'd be frgiven fr thinking that the Wrds "sustainable" and "tech" dn't usually g hand in hand. E﹣waste is， after all， ne f the planet's biggest cntributing waste streams. Nt nly that， but the materials that g int tech prducts are als part f the prblem.
But with a challenge cmes an pprtunity， and there's already sme brilliant prgress happening ﹣ great news fr thse f us wanting t be mre sustainable with ur tech. Firstly， renewed is having its mment. While cnsumers wuld previusly turn their nses up at the idea f a secnd﹣hand device，there's been a huge surge in demand fr renewed tech. The secnd majr step in tackling the prblem f e﹣waste is a change in attitudes frm wning a prduct t subscribing fr ne. A subscriptin fr a smartphne might sund like a freign cncept，but it's already gaining mmentum. At the frefrnt f this mvement is Lndn﹣based tech startup Rayl，a pending B Crp which ffers a subscriptin service fr the latest iPhne. As custmers aren't paying t wn the phne at the end f their cntract，the mnthly price is significantly lwer than average.
Studies shw that extending a phne's lifespan frm ne t fur years can decrease its envirnmental impact by abut 40%. S the next time it cmes t refreshing yur device﹣ whether a smartphne，laptp， tablet r ther﹣ cnsider the mre envirnmntally﹣friendly ptins that are at yur fingertips.
（1）What's the functin f Paragraph 1？
A.T change the way we think shp， and live.
B.T intrduce the tpic f sustainability in tech.
C.T tell us what peple have dne t prtect the planet.
D.T call n peple t d smething fr the envirnment.
（2）What des Paragraph 2 mainly talk abut？
A.High﹣tech prducts are in shrt supply. B.E﹣waste cntributes t biggest waste streams.
C.The tw sustainability prblems in technlgy. D.Ignring sustainable technlgy is unfrgivable.
（3）Which f the fllwing best explains "turn their nses up at" underlined in Paragraph 3？
A.Oppse. B.Present. C.Explain. D.Accept.
（4）Hw can we becme sustainable in technlgy accrding t Rayl？
A.By upgrading the ld ne. B.By paying mnthly fr a smartphne.
C.By spending less mney n a smartphne. D.By replacing the ld ne with the latest ne.
Passage 4．（2020•晋城模拟）
Agriculture plays an essential rle in the rise f the human civilizatin． Even thugh agriculture is cntributing t emplyment f a significant part f the ppulatin in majrity natins， ver the years， the percentage f wrkers has witnessed a steep decline． Accrding t wrld﹣wide estimatins， nt even five percentage f the ppulatin in rich natins is emplyed in the agricultural sectr．
Agriculture is still the backbne f the ecnmy in several natins f Africa． Accrding t data released by the Wrld Bank in 2017， the tp ten cuntries where agriculture plays a vital rle in emplyment are in Africa． Burundi， the landlcked natin n the eastern side f the cntinent， has 91% f its ppulatin dependent n it． Hwever， nly 15% f the ttal agricultural prductin ges t the market． Sweet ptates， beans， bananas and crn， are sme majr crps prduced n the land．
The secnd largest emplyment in agriculture was als registered in an African cuntry； Chad with 87% ppulatin wrking n the field． Other natins which fllw n the list are： Smalia， Central African Republic， Malawi， Eritrea， Guinea Bissau， Demcratic Republic f the Cng， Niger， Mauritania， Madagascar and Mzambique． Amid the develping cuntries f BEICS， it is India where mre peple are emplyed by agriculture． The agriculture in India can be traced back t the era f Indus valley civilizatin． By 2017，43% f the Indian ppulatin is dependent n the agriculture sectr fr emplyment．
Meanwhile， many develped cuntries witness less than 15 percent f their ppulatin engaged in the agriculture sectr． These natins include Greece， Malaysia， Russia， New Zealand， the United States， the United Kingdm， Germany， Canada， Australia， France， Italy， Japan， Saudi Arabia， Suth Africa， and many thers． At the bttm f the list stand United Arab Emirates， Singapre and Hng Kng， with 0% f its peple emplyed in agriculture．
（1）What des the writer want t highlight in the first paragraph？
A． Agriculture is the fundatin f civilizatin． B． Agriculture is the main sectr f emplyment．
C． Agriculture is the backbne f the ecnmy． D． The agricultural ppulatin is in sharp decline．
（2）Mst part f the agricultural prduce in Burundi ．
A． is fr family use B． ges t the market
C． is used fr exprt D． ges t the gvernment
（3）Where des Central African Republic rank in emplyment in agriculture in the wrld？
A． Secnd． B． Third． C． Furth． D． Fifth．
（4）We can infer frm the text that the larger ppulatin in agriculture， ．
A． the mre develped the cuntry B． the less develped the ecnmy
C． the mre advanced the civilizatin D． the lnger the histry f a cuntry
Passage 5．（2020•南开区模拟）
Diana Jacbs thught her family had a wrkable plan t pay fr cllege fr her 21﹣year﹣ld twin sns： a cmbinatin f savings， incme， schlarships， and a mdest amunt f brrwing． Then her husband lst his jb， and the plan fell apart．
"I have tw kids in cllege， and I want t say 'cme hme，' but at the same time I want t prvide them with a gd educatin，" says Jacbs．
The Jacbs family did wrk ut a slutin： They asked and received mre aid frm the schls， and each sn increased his brrwing t the maximum amunt thrugh the federal lan（贷款） prgram． They will each graduate with ﹩20，000 f debt， but at least they will be able t finish schl．
With unemplyment rising， financial aid administratrs expect t hear frm mre families like the Jacbs． Mre students are applying fr aid， and mre families expect t need student lans． Cllege administratrs are cncerned that they will nt have enugh aid mney t g arund．
At the same time， tuitin（学费）cntinues t rise． A reprt frm the Natinal Center fr Public Plicy and Higher Educatin fund that cllege tuitin and fees increased 439% frm 1982 t 2007， while average family incme rse just 147%． Student brrwing has mre than dubled in the last decade．
"If we g n this way fr anther 25 years， we wn't have an affrdable system f higher educatin，" says Patrick M． Callan， president f the center． "The middle class families have been financing it thrugh debt． They will send kids t cllege whatever it takes， even if that means a huge amunt f debt．"
Financial aid administratrs have been having a hard time as many cmpanies decide that student lans are nt prfitable enugh and have stpped making them． The gd news， hwever， is that federal lans accunt fr abut three quarters f student brrwing， and the gvernment says that mney will flw uninterrupted．
（1）Accrding t Paragraph 1， why did the plan f the Jacbs family fail？
A． The twins wasted t much mney． B． Their savings ran ut．
C． The father was ut f wrk． D． The family fell apart．
（2）Hw did the Jacbs family manage t slve their prblem？
A． They asked their kids t cme hme．
B． They brrwed ﹩20，000 frm the schls．
C． They encuraged their twin sns t d part﹣time jbs．
D． They gt help frm the schls and the federal gvernment．
（3）Financial aid administratrs believe that ．
A． cllege fees will duble sn
B． America's unemplyment will fall
C． the gvernment will receive mre letters f cmplaint
D． mre families will face the same prblem as the Jacbs family．
（4）What can we learn abut the middle class families frm the text？
A． They blamed the gvernment fr the tuitin increase．
B． Their incme remained steady in the last decade．
C． They will try their best t send kids t cllege．
D． Their debts will be paid ff within 25 years．
（5）Accrding t the last paragraph， the gvernment will ．
A． g n prviding financial supprt fr cllege students
B． stp the cmpanies frm making student lans
C． dismiss sme financial aid administratrs
D． prvide mst students with schlarships
Passage 6．（2020•韶关模拟）
D yu like shpping？ Fr shpahlics in the UK， the place t head t used t be the "high street"． It was the place where yu culd find familiar fashin brands and essential everyday items in the centre f a twn． But change in ur shpping habits has taken its tll n the British high street．
News abut shps lsing mney and shutting is nw cmmn． Sme city﹣centre department stres have clsed and even lng ﹣established retailers （零售商） have reprted prfit slumps． Accrding t a recent survey， a recrd 2，481 shps disappeared frm UK high streets last year ﹣ up by 40 percent．
As the BBC's Emma Simpsn writes， things have becme a lt harder fr traditinal retailers in recent years． They have faced rising csts frm wages， business rates and the requirement t intrduce Eurpe's new data law． But the biggest threat has cme frm nline shpping． She says， "Cnsumers nw spend ne in every five punds nline ﹣ and if businesses are seeing 20 percent fewer sales n the shp flr， as well as their fixed csts rising， then prfit margins will be squeezed．"
While sme f us like t windw shp ﹣ brwsing fr things t buy， nly t purchase them nline at a discunt ﹣ the fact is that， verall， shppers are making fewer visits t high streets． Eventually， twn centres culd becme like ghst twns． If peple aren't ut and abut shpping， they wn't use ther services， like cafes， restaurants and cinemas， which leads t jb lsses． The high street has als suffered frm the arrival f big shpping malls， which ffer a retail experience under ne rf， with free parking， away frm the bad weather!
Meanwhile， back n the high street， sme shps still exist． Analysts have said it's thse that have mved away frm traditinal retailing that are surviving． These include beauty salns， nail bars and independent cffee shps ﹣ but are these kinds f shps enugh t keep the British high street pen fr business？
（1）What d we knw abut "high street" accrding t the passage？
A． It sld nly fashinable daily items．
B． It has changed peple's shpping habits．
C． It was a big shpping mall in dwntwn Britain．
D． It was the destinatin fr peple wh lve shpping in the UK．
（2）Which is clsest in meaning t the underlined wrd "slumps"？
A． Sharp fall．B． Steady rise．C． Slw increase．D． Slight lss．
（3）What's the hardest part fr traditinal shp wners t run their shps？
A． The rising csts frm wages． B． The bm f windw shpping．
C． The ppularity f shpping nline． D． The intrductin f Eurpe's new data law．
（4）What change is taking place in the British high street at present？
A． Discunts are ffered t attract mre cnsumers． B． Parking is free f charge in time f bad weather．
C． Better service is prvided t satisfy the custmers． D． Sme cnventinal retailer turn t ther businesses．
Passage 7．（2020•南开区模拟）
Addictin is a term that we hear all the time， but it's a surprisingly tricky cncept t pin dwn， Orally，we might say things like："Oh， I dwnladed this new game n my phne and I'm ttally addicted t it，" But frm a clinical perspective， we think f addictin as ccurring when smene has fund that their life﹣ whether it's their relatinships with friends r family， their ability t perfrm their jbs， r smething else has been kncked ff﹣kilter（冲昏头脑） by a desire t perfrm a behavir．
Prf Rbert West， editr﹣in﹣chief f the jurnal Addictin， defines addictin as "a psychlgical cnditin that invlves repeated pwerful mtivatin t engage in a behavir that's learnt thrugh experience， and that has either actual r ptential harmful cnsequences"． Under this definitin， it is pssible t be addicted t anything﹣nt just substances ﹣ if it turns frm a want fr it t a need fr it， and it puts a persn at risk f harm．
In 2008， Bwden﹣Jnes set up the Natinal prblem gambling Clinic． T date， this is the nly NHS﹣funded treatment center fr peple with prblem gambling（赌博）． Despite seeing sme f the mst severe cases f gambling addictin in the cuntry in her clinic， she is keen t pint ut that the scale f the prblem might nt be as extreme as sme wuld think． Despite lts f peple gambling and the pervasive（遍布的） nature f gambling advertising， prblem gamblers make up less than ne per cent f the ppulatin．
Yet she wnders whether there is smething abut hw mdern technlgy has becme increasingly risky． "The mre yu have availability， the mre yu uncver vulnerability，" she says． And there's cncern amng researchers frm several different cuntries that nline games and apps are taking inspiratin frm gambling t keep peple playing， and paying． These include what are knwn as "lt bxes"． These are prizes， paid fr with real mney， where the cntents are nt knwn until they're purchased． Recent research has suggested purchase f these prizes is linked t higher levels f prblematic gambling behavir．
Hwever， Bwden﹣Jnes pints ut that technlgical advances have als imprved supprt fr sme peple with prblematic gambling． Sftware nw exists t blck gambling﹣related websites acrss peple's devices． Banking apps can allw a persn t disable any ability t spend mney n gambling， cautiusly， by just tggling（切换）a switch． She believes that this is a big step frward﹣ histrically peple were encuraged t hand their finances t their partners． This can put pressure n relatinships and there is strng evidence t shw it can increase dmestic vilence．
It's hard t tell addictin is n the increase， partly because as yet there aren't standardized measures by which t assess things like prblematic gaming， and large﹣scale surveys have nt been dne． But just because we might see peple glued t their phnes while they're n buses r trains r while walking dwn the street， it desn't mean we've becme a natin wh are addicted t the Internet．
Nnetheless， in 2018 the Wrld Health Organizatin annunced that it was classifying gaming disrder as a mental health cnditin， a decisin they based n a review f the evidence and after discussin with experts． Hwever， sme researchers wrry that this classificatin will lead t ver diagnsis f gaming． The NHS des nt ffer treatment fr gaming disrder， and a pilt treatment clinic has been delayed． It's clear that we knw very little abut hw many peple have gaming disrder， and it's likely that the vast majrity f peple wh play games d s with n harm t their health whatsever． Having said that， fr thse wh are wrried， it is pssible t spt the warming signs f a pleasurable activity becming a cmpulsin（强迫力）， either in yurself r in thse arund yu．
Rbert West has sme final wrds f advice fr thse individuals wh are trying t reduce their need fr a behavir． "Self﹣cntrl is much easier when yu set fixed bundaries than when yu leave the rules mre flexible，" he explains． Be strict with yurself and dn't allw yur bundaries t slide， then even if yu d slip up， yu can get back n track．
（1）What is addictin accrding t the first tw paragraphs？
A． It is a repeated desire t perfrm a behavir． B． It is a physical and mental cnditin．
C． It is a habit f dwnlading new games． D． It is the direct result f carelessness．
（2）What des Bwden﹣Jnes think f gambling addictin？
A． It is affected by gambling advertising． B． Its scale is small and fewer peple develp it．
C． It can be treated in a NHS﹣funded center． D． Its severity is beynd imaginatin f sme peple．
（3）What des the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 mean？
A． Online apps take inspiratin frm gambling． B． Mre prizes lead t mre gambling behavir．
C． Mre mney brings mre prizes in lt bxes． D． T much use f technlgy brings mre risk．
（4）What d technlgical advances in Paragraph 5 indicate？
A． Banking apps are ppular amng banks． B． They can increase dmestic vilence．
C． They can bring abut psitive results． D． Sftware can blck gambling﹣related websites．
（5）Why d researchers wrry abut the classificatin f gaming disrder？
A． Playing games d n harm t a lt f peple． B． We've becme a natin addicted t the internet．
C． It isn't scientific and may lead t wrng diagnsis．D． A pleasant activity may becme a strng frce．
（6）What des the passage mainly talk abut？
A． Is addictin n the rise？ B． Hw addictin is defined？
C． Is Rbert Wests advice reasnable？ D． What is Bwden Jnes's research？
Passage 8．（2020•和平区一模）
eXp Realty is ne f the wrld's fastest﹣grwing and mst successful real estate （房地产） cmpanies． It has becme famus nt fr investing in actual real estate， but fr fcusing n virtual reality ffices that allw its agents and brkers （中间商）t interact and scialize frm anywhere arund the glbe．
Glenn Sanfrd， eXp Realty's funder and CEO， funded the cmpany a decade ag， sn after the real estate market cllapse f 2007． He culdn't affrd t buy r rent ffice space． What's mre imprtant， he figured that fcusing n a system that allwed his team t wrk remtely wuld help the cmpany avid pssible real estate crises in the future． S eXp Realty relied n services like Ggle Dcs， prject management slutins like Trell， and cmmunicatins app Slack t help its wrkfrce wrk tgether in virtual reality． "The virtual campus is a big part f ur grwth engine． If we were limited t actual ffices， the grwth we've had simply wuldn't be pssible，" Sctt Petrnis， chief technlgy fficer f eXp Realty said．
Having a virtual campus in the virtual wrld rather than in the real ne apparently has several majr advantages． Fr the mst imprtant ne， eXp Realty can hire whatever talent they like， n matter where they are． As lng as they have Internet cnnectin， they can interact with their clleagues and the cmpany management like avatars （虚拟人）because they can walk arund the campus， enter varius virtual facilities， and interact with each ther． While the main fcus is n wrk and brainstrming， eXp Realty is cnstantly adding fun stuff as well， like riding n a virtual lake and enjying a drink at the bar．
At the beginning f 2018， eXp Realty had arund 6，500 brkers， but till tday that number has increased t ver 12，000． They are perating in 300 markets acrss the US and Canada． If that isn't enugh t cnvince yu， the cmpany was recently listed n the Nasdaq Stck Market， with first﹣day market capitalizatin f ver ＄1 billin． But it desn't wn r lease any mre physical space than what is required by law．
（1）What d we knw abut eXp Realty？
A．It relies much n technlgy． B．It was funded by accident．
C．It's famus fr its large ffices． D．It's a branch cmpany f Ggle．
（2）What mainly inspired Glenn Sanfrd t adpt virtual ffices？
A．He culd wrk clsely with famus nline services．
B．He is quite prfessinal in the field f infrmatin technlgy．
C．Virtual ffices can enable him t avid ptential real estate crises．
D．The starting base fr the virtual real estate market was lw at that time．
（3）What's the biggest advantage f having a virtual campus？
A．Agents and brkers can cmmunicate timely． B．It helps attract talents regardless f their lcatin．
C．Cmpanies can cperate with high﹣tech avatars． D．Emplyees can have a relaxing wrk envirnment．
（4）We can infer frm the last paragraph that eXp ．
A．is really a success B．has sme illegal businesses
C．is expanding its business wrldwide D．has pr perfrmance in the stck market
（5）What might be the best title f the passage？
A．Why Des Real Estate Industry Grw S Quickly？ B．Billin Dllar Real Estate Cmpany一eXp Realty
C．Virtual Reality Office Vs． Physical Office Space D．What Can Virtual Reality D t Our Business？
Passage 9．（2020•静安区二模）
China has lng been tipped t be the next Silicn Valley， but nw the finances and supprt are in place t make it happen．
There is a grwing cnsensus （共识） that while Silicn Valley is nt abut t disappear anytime sn， its next biggest rival is already n the verge f bursting nt the internatinal scene ﹣ nt in the US， nr in the EU， but in Asia． Mre specifically， China．
This is nt just an bservatin based n the rise f cmpanies like Alibaba， Baidu and Tencent． It is grunded in a mre widespread mve t fund start﹣ups in Asia t the pint where mre mney is being invested there than in Eurpe． Just five years ag， Eurpe and Asia are neck and neck in terms f investment．
In 2013， Eurpe made slightly mre deals， 1550 cmpared t Asia's 1071， but the ttal value f investment was $7bn． Just five years later， Asia is nw fur times the size f Eurpe with twice as many deals carried ut．
Between 2013 t 2018， the number f deals in Asia increased nearly fivefld， and their value leapt t ﹩81bn， cmpared t the ﹩21bn raised in Eurpe． The Asian figure als shws that the cntinent is clsing the gap n the US which saw ﹩105bn wrth f deals．
One f the main reasns that makes the cuntry s attractive is nt just the huge grwth in investment and high educatin standards， but als lcal and natinal gvernmental supprt benefiting tech cmpanies．
In fact， ne f the cnclusins f a recent Frtune tech cnference was that China's tech cmpanies will sn be beating American cmpanies n their hme turf． One f the reasns is that investrs believe US immigratin plicy is making it mre difficult fr the best talent arund the wrld t find wrk there． Plus， Chinese cmpanies are nw able t start paying salaries that can keep pace with thse n ffer in Silicn Valley．
Hence， when Ian Rger， Chief Digital Official at luxury grup LVMH was asked where he thught the next Facebk r Ggle wuld cme frm， he suggested it wuld be a clse call between Silicn Valley and China． The latter had the investment that is needed as well as a hard wrk culture f a six﹣day week． It als has a superb educatin system and a huge ppulatin．
As Silicn Valley appears t be heating up a little t hard fr sme peple， China wuld appear t be warming up at just the right pace．
（1）What des the expressin "n the verge f " in paragraph 2 refer t？
A．n the way f B．n the list f C．n the cnditin f D．n the pint f
（2）Which f the fllwing is NOT a reasn why China attracts freign investment in tech cmpanies？
A．High educatin standards． B．Huge grwth in investment．
C．Supprt frm the gvernment． D．Higher salaries than thse in Silicn Valley．
（3）It can't be inferred frm the passage that ．
A．the US immigratin plicy is strict but talent﹣friendly
B．Ian Rger believes the next Ggle might cme frm China
C．emplyees f Baidu might be accustmed t verwrk
D．Chinese tech cmpanies can prvide highly cmpetitive salaries nw
（4）What is the passage mainly abut？
A．The ttal value f investment in Asia is fur times that in Eurpe．
B．Finances， high educatin standards and supprt make it pssible fr China t becme the next Silicn Valley．
C．Asia attracts wrldwide best talents t tech cmpanies．
D．American tech cmpanies will sn be beaten by thse in China．
Passage 10．（2020•合肥三模）
Tired f standing in line？Wait a bit lnger，and yu may never have t again．Everyne frm Amazn t Silicn Valley startups is trying t eliminate lines in retail（零售） stres．
Amazn has pened 24 f its Amazn G stres， which use cameras and artificial intelligence t see what yu've taken ff shelves and charge yu as yu walk ut． Sme startups are clsely cpying Amazn's apprach t using AI﹣pwered cameras fixed in ceilings． But thers are trying an entirely different way t skip the checkut： smart shpping carts． These cmpanies have added cameras and sensrs（传感器）t the carts， and are using AI t tell what yu've placed in them． A built﹣in scale weighs items， in case yu have t pay by the pund fr an item． Custmers pay by entering a credit card， r thrugh an nline payment system． When a custmer exits the stre， a green light n the shpping cart indicates that their rder is cmplete， and they're charged．
The startups behind the smart carts， including Caper and Veeve， say it's much easier t add technlgy t the shpping cart than t an entire stre． Amazm's G stres rely n hundreds f cameras in the ceiling． The shelves als include sensrs t tell when an item is remved． Ahmed Beshry， c﹣funder f Caper， believes the technlgy t run G is t expensive t use in a large frmat grcery stre． Neither Caper nr Veeve have said hw much their smart shpping carts will cst， making it difficult t cmpare the different frmats． Shariq Siddiqui， CEO f Veeve， said he's finding increased interest frm retailers given Amazn's steady expansin f G since pening the first stre in Seattle in 2018． "We're always happy when Amazn is ding smething，" Siddiqui said． "They frce retailers t get ut f their ld schl thinking． "
Each time a business uses artificial intelligence and cameras， it raises questins abut custmer privacy and the impact n jbs． Beshry ntes that the cameras in his shpping cart pint dwn int the cart， s nly a custmer's hand and part f their arm will be captured（拍摄） n camera．
（1）Which f the fllwing best explains "eliminate" underlined in Paragraph 1？
A．Crss． B．Remve． C．Extend． D．Break．
（2）What d we knw abut the smart shpping carts？
A．They are linked t the cameras fixed in the ceilings．
B．They can tell custmers where t find what they want．
C．They flash the green light when the rder is cancelled．
D．They are able t recgnize purchases placed in them．
（3）What des Beshry think f the technlgy applied in Amazn's G stres？
A．It is far mre expensive than their shpping carts．B．It may increase the cst f running a stre greatly．
C．It has attracted many mre retailers than befre． D．It is likely t help retailers t think differently．
（4）What is the best title fr the text？
A．The New Technlgy Prmtes Retail Sales
B．AI﹣pwered Cameras Are Used in Retail Stres
C．Smart Shpping Carts Will Let Yu Skip the Line
D．Artificial Intelligence Affects the Future Jb Market
Passage 1．（2021•西南联盟一模拟）
Market traders and street vendrs （摊贩）are making a cmeback acrss China，and this time they find themselves equipped with a new set f digital skills essential t navigating the vast cnsumer market. T revitalize（复兴）retail stands，in a mve aimed at stimulating dmestic spending and stabilizing emplyment， the cuntry's leading e﹣cmmerce platfrms are lending a helping hand， ffering services like accessible financing backed by technlgies.
Dmestic whlesale site 1688.cm is amng the first grup f tech players with such fferings. At the heart f the actin plan is an effrt t link street vendrs directly with factries，effectively aviding middlemen and saving time and csts.
Accrding t general manager Wang Hai，numerus small﹣scale merchants n the site have managed t gain the upper hand in price negtiatins，while manufacturers are mre willing t mass﹣prduce as the ecnmy f scale serves t reduce csts， thus creating a win﹣win situatin.
"Data analytics als kicks in，giving traders sme insight int current cnsumer trends s that they n lnger need t perate their business purely based n intuitin（直觉），and they can avid stckpiling，" Wang said. Fr instance，the mst sught﹣after categries in markets are daily necessities，underwear，digital gadgets and beauty prducts， accrding t the cmpany， whereas the mst passinate buyers cme frm Guangdng， Zhejiang and Jiangsu prvinces.
Meanwhile， t stabilize emplyment， e﹣cmmerce majr JD.cm vwed t add a number f jb psitins that either require flexible wrking hurs， allw wrking frm hme r are designed t prmte startup businesses. Fr psts related t delivery，warehuse management and packaging， pririty is given t peple frm pverty﹣stricken areas.
"The COVID﹣19 utbreak will accelerate the digital transfrmatin f the real ecnmy，and individual traders and smaller stres are n exceptin，" said Xu Lei，CEO f JD's retail unit. "We have the capability and，mre imprtantly， the respnsibility t inject vitality（活力）int these entities， thus cntributing t the ecnmic rebund（回弹）and stabilizing emplyment.
（1）What can we learn abut e﹣cmmerce platfrms like 1688.cm？
A. They have an advantage in price negtiatin. B. Their effrts help street vendrs cut the cst.
C. They increase prductin thrugh technlgy. D. Their services are financed by the gvernment.
（2）Hw des data analytics benefit traders？
A. By imprving traders' business intuitin. B. By helping traders find ut market trends.
C. By telling traders when t stckpile gds. D. By aiding traders in cntrlling the market.
（3）Wh is mre likely t get a delivery jb frm JD？
A. A persn experienced in driving a truck. B. A persn willing t start a new business.
C. A persn frm an underdevelped village. D. A persn preferring flexible wrking hurs.
（4）Which clumn f a newspaper is the passage prbably taken frm？
A. Culture. B. Wrld. C. Lifestyle. D. Business.
Passage 2．（2021•山东模拟）
In a time when peple are stckpiling （囤积） supplies and emptying supermarket shelves， gallns f milk are being dumped due t the utbreak f COVID﹣19.
A farm in Wiscnsin， US， had t deal with 15000 gallns f milk per day fr abut a week，which went far beynd their restring abilities. Accrding t agricultural ecnmist Andrew Nvakvic， it's the wrst the industry has seen，cmparable t the Great Depressin﹣﹣a severe wrldwide ecnmic depressin in the 1930s. A similar case ccurred in the UK when abut 28 millin liters f beer and cider had t be pured dwn drains due t the lckdwn， reprted The Times n April 13.
It is nt hard t see why. The sudden clsure f restaurants，schls and ther businesses means that these prducts have nt been bught. The crnavirus utbreak is influencing the glbal ecnmy， causing stck market chas and frcing big cmpanies t cut jbs. Wrld trade is expected t fall by 13 t 32 percent in 2020 due t the disruptin f COVID﹣19. The Internatinal Labur Organizatin reprted that wrkers arund the wrld culd lse as much as ＄3.4 trillin in incme by the end f this year. The reprt added that the virus will wipe ut 6.7 percent f wrking hurs glbally in the secnd quarter f 2020， which is equivalent t 195 millin full﹣time jbs.
Estimating that "a rapid， vigrus rebund is pssible"，WTO Directr﹣General Rbert Azeved underlined that "if cuntries wrk tgether， we will see a much faster recvery than if each cuntry acts alne". T crdinate a multilateral respnse t the pandemic， leaders at the G20 summit annunced that targeted ecnmic measures wuld be taken t reduce the impacts f the pandemic， including investing ver ＄5 trillin int the glbal ecnmy.
United Natins Secretary﹣General Antni Guterres stated that nw we are facing a glbal health crisis unlike any in the 75﹣year histry f the United Natins. "A glbal decline，perhaps f recrd dimensins，is a near certainty. This is， abve all， a human crisis that calls fr unity，" he said. "This is a mment that demands crdinated，decisive and innvative plicy actin frm the wrld's leading ecnmies."
（1）What's the direct reasn fr milk and beer being dumped？
A. Peple's stckpiling supplies and emptying supermarket shelves. B. The utbreak f COVID﹣19.
C. The lckdwn f certain cities. D. The sudden clsure f restaurants， schls and ther businesses.
（2）What's the purpse f listing the figures in Paragraph 3？
A. T describe the fact that glbal ecnmy is declining.
B. T shw the severe influence f crnavirus n the glbal ecnmy.
C. T tell readers abut the authr's cncern fr glbal ecnmy.
D. T analyze the difficulty that glbal ecnmy is facing.
（3）What des WTO Directr﹣General Rbert Azeved's wrds imply？
A. The pandemic is estimated t return sme day.
B. It is favrable t act alne during the pandemic.
C. Cuntries' wrking tgether cntributes t the recvery f glbal ecnmy.
D. Cuntries' acting alne fail t recver glbal ecnmy.
（4）What is the attitude f the United Natins Secretary﹣General？
A. Pessimistic. B. Uncertain. C. Eager. D. Uncncerned.
Passage 3．（2021•山东模拟）
One f the biggest tpics f the last decade，sustainability（可持续发展） has becme the beacn f hpe t prtect the planet. Frm supermarkets taking actin n plastic packaging t the zer waste mvement that can be practised frm yur kitchen， changes made by individuals and rganizatins acrss the glbe has had an impact n the way we think， shp and live.
S what des that mean fr the wrld f technlgy？ Yu'd be frgiven fr thinking that the Wrds "sustainable" and "tech" dn't usually g hand in hand. E﹣waste is， after all， ne f the planet's biggest cntributing waste streams. Nt nly that， but the materials that g int tech prducts are als part f the prblem.
But with a challenge cmes an pprtunity， and there's already sme brilliant prgress happening ﹣ great news fr thse f us wanting t be mre sustainable with ur tech. Firstly， renewed is having its mment. While cnsumers wuld previusly turn their nses up at the idea f a secnd﹣hand device，there's been a huge surge in demand fr renewed tech. The secnd majr step in tackling the prblem f e﹣waste is a change in attitudes frm wning a prduct t subscribing fr ne. A subscriptin fr a smartphne might sund like a freign cncept，but it's already gaining mmentum. At the frefrnt f this mvement is Lndn﹣based tech startup Rayl，a pending B Crp which ffers a subscriptin service fr the latest iPhne. As custmers aren't paying t wn the phne at the end f their cntract，the mnthly price is significantly lwer than average.
Studies shw that extending a phne's lifespan frm ne t fur years can decrease its envirnmental impact by abut 40%. S the next time it cmes t refreshing yur device﹣ whether a smartphne，laptp， tablet r ther﹣ cnsider the mre envirnmntally﹣friendly ptins that are at yur fingertips.
（1）What's the functin f Paragraph 1？
A.T change the way we think shp， and live.
B.T intrduce the tpic f sustainability in tech.
C.T tell us what peple have dne t prtect the planet.
D.T call n peple t d smething fr the envirnment.
（2）What des Paragraph 2 mainly talk abut？
A.High﹣tech prducts are in shrt supply. B.E﹣waste cntributes t biggest waste streams.
C.The tw sustainability prblems in technlgy. D.Ignring sustainable technlgy is unfrgivable.
（3）Which f the fllwing best explains "turn their nses up at" underlined in Paragraph 3？
A.Oppse. B.Present. C.Explain. D.Accept.
（4）Hw can we becme sustainable in technlgy accrding t Rayl？
A.By upgrading the ld ne. B.By paying mnthly fr a smartphne.
C.By spending less mney n a smartphne. D.By replacing the ld ne with the latest ne.
Passage 4．（2020•晋城模拟）
Agriculture plays an essential rle in the rise f the human civilizatin． Even thugh agriculture is cntributing t emplyment f a significant part f the ppulatin in majrity natins， ver the years， the percentage f wrkers has witnessed a steep decline． Accrding t wrld﹣wide estimatins， nt even five percentage f the ppulatin in rich natins is emplyed in the agricultural sectr．
Agriculture is still the backbne f the ecnmy in several natins f Africa． Accrding t data released by the Wrld Bank in 2017， the tp ten cuntries where agriculture plays a vital rle in emplyment are in Africa． Burundi， the landlcked natin n the eastern side f the cntinent， has 91% f its ppulatin dependent n it． Hwever， nly 15% f the ttal agricultural prductin ges t the market． Sweet ptates， beans， bananas and crn， are sme majr crps prduced n the land．
The secnd largest emplyment in agriculture was als registered in an African cuntry； Chad with 87% ppulatin wrking n the field． Other natins which fllw n the list are： Smalia， Central African Republic， Malawi， Eritrea， Guinea Bissau， Demcratic Republic f the Cng， Niger， Mauritania， Madagascar and Mzambique． Amid the develping cuntries f BEICS， it is India where mre peple are emplyed by agriculture． The agriculture in India can be traced back t the era f Indus valley civilizatin． By 2017，43% f the Indian ppulatin is dependent n the agriculture sectr fr emplyment．
Meanwhile， many develped cuntries witness less than 15 percent f their ppulatin engaged in the agriculture sectr． These natins include Greece， Malaysia， Russia， New Zealand， the United States， the United Kingdm， Germany， Canada， Australia， France， Italy， Japan， Saudi Arabia， Suth Africa， and many thers． At the bttm f the list stand United Arab Emirates， Singapre and Hng Kng， with 0% f its peple emplyed in agriculture．
（1）What des the writer want t highlight in the first paragraph？
A． Agriculture is the fundatin f civilizatin． B． Agriculture is the main sectr f emplyment．
C． Agriculture is the backbne f the ecnmy． D． The agricultural ppulatin is in sharp decline．
（2）Mst part f the agricultural prduce in Burundi ．
A． is fr family use B． ges t the market
C． is used fr exprt D． ges t the gvernment
（3）Where des Central African Republic rank in emplyment in agriculture in the wrld？
A． Secnd． B． Third． C． Furth． D． Fifth．
（4）We can infer frm the text that the larger ppulatin in agriculture， ．
A． the mre develped the cuntry B． the less develped the ecnmy
C． the mre advanced the civilizatin D． the lnger the histry f a cuntry
Passage 5．（2020•南开区模拟）
Diana Jacbs thught her family had a wrkable plan t pay fr cllege fr her 21﹣year﹣ld twin sns： a cmbinatin f savings， incme， schlarships， and a mdest amunt f brrwing． Then her husband lst his jb， and the plan fell apart．
"I have tw kids in cllege， and I want t say 'cme hme，' but at the same time I want t prvide them with a gd educatin，" says Jacbs．
The Jacbs family did wrk ut a slutin： They asked and received mre aid frm the schls， and each sn increased his brrwing t the maximum amunt thrugh the federal lan（贷款） prgram． They will each graduate with ﹩20，000 f debt， but at least they will be able t finish schl．
With unemplyment rising， financial aid administratrs expect t hear frm mre families like the Jacbs． Mre students are applying fr aid， and mre families expect t need student lans． Cllege administratrs are cncerned that they will nt have enugh aid mney t g arund．
At the same time， tuitin（学费）cntinues t rise． A reprt frm the Natinal Center fr Public Plicy and Higher Educatin fund that cllege tuitin and fees increased 439% frm 1982 t 2007， while average family incme rse just 147%． Student brrwing has mre than dubled in the last decade．
"If we g n this way fr anther 25 years， we wn't have an affrdable system f higher educatin，" says Patrick M． Callan， president f the center． "The middle class families have been financing it thrugh debt． They will send kids t cllege whatever it takes， even if that means a huge amunt f debt．"
Financial aid administratrs have been having a hard time as many cmpanies decide that student lans are nt prfitable enugh and have stpped making them． The gd news， hwever， is that federal lans accunt fr abut three quarters f student brrwing， and the gvernment says that mney will flw uninterrupted．
（1）Accrding t Paragraph 1， why did the plan f the Jacbs family fail？
A． The twins wasted t much mney． B． Their savings ran ut．
C． The father was ut f wrk． D． The family fell apart．
（2）Hw did the Jacbs family manage t slve their prblem？
A． They asked their kids t cme hme．
B． They brrwed ﹩20，000 frm the schls．
C． They encuraged their twin sns t d part﹣time jbs．
D． They gt help frm the schls and the federal gvernment．
（3）Financial aid administratrs believe that ．
A． cllege fees will duble sn
B． America's unemplyment will fall
C． the gvernment will receive mre letters f cmplaint
D． mre families will face the same prblem as the Jacbs family．
（4）What can we learn abut the middle class families frm the text？
A． They blamed the gvernment fr the tuitin increase．
B． Their incme remained steady in the last decade．
C． They will try their best t send kids t cllege．
D． Their debts will be paid ff within 25 years．
（5）Accrding t the last paragraph， the gvernment will ．
A． g n prviding financial supprt fr cllege students
B． stp the cmpanies frm making student lans
C． dismiss sme financial aid administratrs
D． prvide mst students with schlarships
Passage 6．（2020•韶关模拟）
D yu like shpping？ Fr shpahlics in the UK， the place t head t used t be the "high street"． It was the place where yu culd find familiar fashin brands and essential everyday items in the centre f a twn． But change in ur shpping habits has taken its tll n the British high street．
News abut shps lsing mney and shutting is nw cmmn． Sme city﹣centre department stres have clsed and even lng ﹣established retailers （零售商） have reprted prfit slumps． Accrding t a recent survey， a recrd 2，481 shps disappeared frm UK high streets last year ﹣ up by 40 percent．
As the BBC's Emma Simpsn writes， things have becme a lt harder fr traditinal retailers in recent years． They have faced rising csts frm wages， business rates and the requirement t intrduce Eurpe's new data law． But the biggest threat has cme frm nline shpping． She says， "Cnsumers nw spend ne in every five punds nline ﹣ and if businesses are seeing 20 percent fewer sales n the shp flr， as well as their fixed csts rising， then prfit margins will be squeezed．"
While sme f us like t windw shp ﹣ brwsing fr things t buy， nly t purchase them nline at a discunt ﹣ the fact is that， verall， shppers are making fewer visits t high streets． Eventually， twn centres culd becme like ghst twns． If peple aren't ut and abut shpping， they wn't use ther services， like cafes， restaurants and cinemas， which leads t jb lsses． The high street has als suffered frm the arrival f big shpping malls， which ffer a retail experience under ne rf， with free parking， away frm the bad weather!
Meanwhile， back n the high street， sme shps still exist． Analysts have said it's thse that have mved away frm traditinal retailing that are surviving． These include beauty salns， nail bars and independent cffee shps ﹣ but are these kinds f shps enugh t keep the British high street pen fr business？
（1）What d we knw abut "high street" accrding t the passage？
A． It sld nly fashinable daily items．
B． It has changed peple's shpping habits．
C． It was a big shpping mall in dwntwn Britain．
D． It was the destinatin fr peple wh lve shpping in the UK．
（2）Which is clsest in meaning t the underlined wrd "slumps"？
A． Sharp fall．B． Steady rise．C． Slw increase．D． Slight lss．
（3）What's the hardest part fr traditinal shp wners t run their shps？
A． The rising csts frm wages． B． The bm f windw shpping．
C． The ppularity f shpping nline． D． The intrductin f Eurpe's new data law．
（4）What change is taking place in the British high street at present？
A． Discunts are ffered t attract mre cnsumers． B． Parking is free f charge in time f bad weather．
C． Better service is prvided t satisfy the custmers． D． Sme cnventinal retailer turn t ther businesses．
Passage 7．（2020•南开区模拟）
Addictin is a term that we hear all the time， but it's a surprisingly tricky cncept t pin dwn， Orally，we might say things like："Oh， I dwnladed this new game n my phne and I'm ttally addicted t it，" But frm a clinical perspective， we think f addictin as ccurring when smene has fund that their life﹣ whether it's their relatinships with friends r family， their ability t perfrm their jbs， r smething else has been kncked ff﹣kilter（冲昏头脑） by a desire t perfrm a behavir．
Prf Rbert West， editr﹣in﹣chief f the jurnal Addictin， defines addictin as "a psychlgical cnditin that invlves repeated pwerful mtivatin t engage in a behavir that's learnt thrugh experience， and that has either actual r ptential harmful cnsequences"． Under this definitin， it is pssible t be addicted t anything﹣nt just substances ﹣ if it turns frm a want fr it t a need fr it， and it puts a persn at risk f harm．
In 2008， Bwden﹣Jnes set up the Natinal prblem gambling Clinic． T date， this is the nly NHS﹣funded treatment center fr peple with prblem gambling（赌博）． Despite seeing sme f the mst severe cases f gambling addictin in the cuntry in her clinic， she is keen t pint ut that the scale f the prblem might nt be as extreme as sme wuld think． Despite lts f peple gambling and the pervasive（遍布的） nature f gambling advertising， prblem gamblers make up less than ne per cent f the ppulatin．
Yet she wnders whether there is smething abut hw mdern technlgy has becme increasingly risky． "The mre yu have availability， the mre yu uncver vulnerability，" she says． And there's cncern amng researchers frm several different cuntries that nline games and apps are taking inspiratin frm gambling t keep peple playing， and paying． These include what are knwn as "lt bxes"． These are prizes， paid fr with real mney， where the cntents are nt knwn until they're purchased． Recent research has suggested purchase f these prizes is linked t higher levels f prblematic gambling behavir．
Hwever， Bwden﹣Jnes pints ut that technlgical advances have als imprved supprt fr sme peple with prblematic gambling． Sftware nw exists t blck gambling﹣related websites acrss peple's devices． Banking apps can allw a persn t disable any ability t spend mney n gambling， cautiusly， by just tggling（切换）a switch． She believes that this is a big step frward﹣ histrically peple were encuraged t hand their finances t their partners． This can put pressure n relatinships and there is strng evidence t shw it can increase dmestic vilence．
It's hard t tell addictin is n the increase， partly because as yet there aren't standardized measures by which t assess things like prblematic gaming， and large﹣scale surveys have nt been dne． But just because we might see peple glued t their phnes while they're n buses r trains r while walking dwn the street， it desn't mean we've becme a natin wh are addicted t the Internet．
Nnetheless， in 2018 the Wrld Health Organizatin annunced that it was classifying gaming disrder as a mental health cnditin， a decisin they based n a review f the evidence and after discussin with experts． Hwever， sme researchers wrry that this classificatin will lead t ver diagnsis f gaming． The NHS des nt ffer treatment fr gaming disrder， and a pilt treatment clinic has been delayed． It's clear that we knw very little abut hw many peple have gaming disrder， and it's likely that the vast majrity f peple wh play games d s with n harm t their health whatsever． Having said that， fr thse wh are wrried， it is pssible t spt the warming signs f a pleasurable activity becming a cmpulsin（强迫力）， either in yurself r in thse arund yu．
Rbert West has sme final wrds f advice fr thse individuals wh are trying t reduce their need fr a behavir． "Self﹣cntrl is much easier when yu set fixed bundaries than when yu leave the rules mre flexible，" he explains． Be strict with yurself and dn't allw yur bundaries t slide， then even if yu d slip up， yu can get back n track．
（1）What is addictin accrding t the first tw paragraphs？
A． It is a repeated desire t perfrm a behavir． B． It is a physical and mental cnditin．
C． It is a habit f dwnlading new games． D． It is the direct result f carelessness．
（2）What des Bwden﹣Jnes think f gambling addictin？
A． It is affected by gambling advertising． B． Its scale is small and fewer peple develp it．
C． It can be treated in a NHS﹣funded center． D． Its severity is beynd imaginatin f sme peple．
（3）What des the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 mean？
A． Online apps take inspiratin frm gambling． B． Mre prizes lead t mre gambling behavir．
C． Mre mney brings mre prizes in lt bxes． D． T much use f technlgy brings mre risk．
（4）What d technlgical advances in Paragraph 5 indicate？
A． Banking apps are ppular amng banks． B． They can increase dmestic vilence．
C． They can bring abut psitive results． D． Sftware can blck gambling﹣related websites．
（5）Why d researchers wrry abut the classificatin f gaming disrder？
A． Playing games d n harm t a lt f peple． B． We've becme a natin addicted t the internet．
C． It isn't scientific and may lead t wrng diagnsis．D． A pleasant activity may becme a strng frce．
（6）What des the passage mainly talk abut？
A． Is addictin n the rise？ B． Hw addictin is defined？
C． Is Rbert Wests advice reasnable？ D． What is Bwden Jnes's research？
Passage 8．（2020•和平区一模）
eXp Realty is ne f the wrld's fastest﹣grwing and mst successful real estate （房地产） cmpanies． It has becme famus nt fr investing in actual real estate， but fr fcusing n virtual reality ffices that allw its agents and brkers （中间商）t interact and scialize frm anywhere arund the glbe．
Glenn Sanfrd， eXp Realty's funder and CEO， funded the cmpany a decade ag， sn after the real estate market cllapse f 2007． He culdn't affrd t buy r rent ffice space． What's mre imprtant， he figured that fcusing n a system that allwed his team t wrk remtely wuld help the cmpany avid pssible real estate crises in the future． S eXp Realty relied n services like Ggle Dcs， prject management slutins like Trell， and cmmunicatins app Slack t help its wrkfrce wrk tgether in virtual reality． "The virtual campus is a big part f ur grwth engine． If we were limited t actual ffices， the grwth we've had simply wuldn't be pssible，" Sctt Petrnis， chief technlgy fficer f eXp Realty said．
Having a virtual campus in the virtual wrld rather than in the real ne apparently has several majr advantages． Fr the mst imprtant ne， eXp Realty can hire whatever talent they like， n matter where they are． As lng as they have Internet cnnectin， they can interact with their clleagues and the cmpany management like avatars （虚拟人）because they can walk arund the campus， enter varius virtual facilities， and interact with each ther． While the main fcus is n wrk and brainstrming， eXp Realty is cnstantly adding fun stuff as well， like riding n a virtual lake and enjying a drink at the bar．
At the beginning f 2018， eXp Realty had arund 6，500 brkers， but till tday that number has increased t ver 12，000． They are perating in 300 markets acrss the US and Canada． If that isn't enugh t cnvince yu， the cmpany was recently listed n the Nasdaq Stck Market， with first﹣day market capitalizatin f ver ＄1 billin． But it desn't wn r lease any mre physical space than what is required by law．
（1）What d we knw abut eXp Realty？
A．It relies much n technlgy． B．It was funded by accident．
C．It's famus fr its large ffices． D．It's a branch cmpany f Ggle．
（2）What mainly inspired Glenn Sanfrd t adpt virtual ffices？
A．He culd wrk clsely with famus nline services．
B．He is quite prfessinal in the field f infrmatin technlgy．
C．Virtual ffices can enable him t avid ptential real estate crises．
D．The starting base fr the virtual real estate market was lw at that time．
（3）What's the biggest advantage f having a virtual campus？
A．Agents and brkers can cmmunicate timely． B．It helps attract talents regardless f their lcatin．
C．Cmpanies can cperate with high﹣tech avatars． D．Emplyees can have a relaxing wrk envirnment．
（4）We can infer frm the last paragraph that eXp ．
A．is really a success B．has sme illegal businesses
C．is expanding its business wrldwide D．has pr perfrmance in the stck market
（5）What might be the best title f the passage？
A．Why Des Real Estate Industry Grw S Quickly？ B．Billin Dllar Real Estate Cmpany一eXp Realty
C．Virtual Reality Office Vs． Physical Office Space D．What Can Virtual Reality D t Our Business？
Passage 9．（2020•静安区二模）
China has lng been tipped t be the next Silicn Valley， but nw the finances and supprt are in place t make it happen．
There is a grwing cnsensus （共识） that while Silicn Valley is nt abut t disappear anytime sn， its next biggest rival is already n the verge f bursting nt the internatinal scene ﹣ nt in the US， nr in the EU， but in Asia． Mre specifically， China．
This is nt just an bservatin based n the rise f cmpanies like Alibaba， Baidu and Tencent． It is grunded in a mre widespread mve t fund start﹣ups in Asia t the pint where mre mney is being invested there than in Eurpe． Just five years ag， Eurpe and Asia are neck and neck in terms f investment．
In 2013， Eurpe made slightly mre deals， 1550 cmpared t Asia's 1071， but the ttal value f investment was $7bn． Just five years later， Asia is nw fur times the size f Eurpe with twice as many deals carried ut．
Between 2013 t 2018， the number f deals in Asia increased nearly fivefld， and their value leapt t ﹩81bn， cmpared t the ﹩21bn raised in Eurpe． The Asian figure als shws that the cntinent is clsing the gap n the US which saw ﹩105bn wrth f deals．
One f the main reasns that makes the cuntry s attractive is nt just the huge grwth in investment and high educatin standards， but als lcal and natinal gvernmental supprt benefiting tech cmpanies．
In fact， ne f the cnclusins f a recent Frtune tech cnference was that China's tech cmpanies will sn be beating American cmpanies n their hme turf． One f the reasns is that investrs believe US immigratin plicy is making it mre difficult fr the best talent arund the wrld t find wrk there． Plus， Chinese cmpanies are nw able t start paying salaries that can keep pace with thse n ffer in Silicn Valley．
Hence， when Ian Rger， Chief Digital Official at luxury grup LVMH was asked where he thught the next Facebk r Ggle wuld cme frm， he suggested it wuld be a clse call between Silicn Valley and China． The latter had the investment that is needed as well as a hard wrk culture f a six﹣day week． It als has a superb educatin system and a huge ppulatin．
As Silicn Valley appears t be heating up a little t hard fr sme peple， China wuld appear t be warming up at just the right pace．
（1）What des the expressin "n the verge f " in paragraph 2 refer t？
A．n the way f B．n the list f C．n the cnditin f D．n the pint f
（2）Which f the fllwing is NOT a reasn why China attracts freign investment in tech cmpanies？
A．High educatin standards． B．Huge grwth in investment．
C．Supprt frm the gvernment． D．Higher salaries than thse in Silicn Valley．
（3）It can't be inferred frm the passage that ．
A．the US immigratin plicy is strict but talent﹣friendly
B．Ian Rger believes the next Ggle might cme frm China
C．emplyees f Baidu might be accustmed t verwrk
D．Chinese tech cmpanies can prvide highly cmpetitive salaries nw
（4）What is the passage mainly abut？
A．The ttal value f investment in Asia is fur times that in Eurpe．
B．Finances， high educatin standards and supprt make it pssible fr China t becme the next Silicn Valley．
C．Asia attracts wrldwide best talents t tech cmpanies．
D．American tech cmpanies will sn be beaten by thse in China．
Passage 10．（2020•合肥三模）
Tired f standing in line？Wait a bit lnger，and yu may never have t again．Everyne frm Amazn t Silicn Valley startups is trying t eliminate lines in retail（零售） stres．
Amazn has pened 24 f its Amazn G stres， which use cameras and artificial intelligence t see what yu've taken ff shelves and charge yu as yu walk ut． Sme startups are clsely cpying Amazn's apprach t using AI﹣pwered cameras fixed in ceilings． But thers are trying an entirely different way t skip the checkut： smart shpping carts． These cmpanies have added cameras and sensrs（传感器）t the carts， and are using AI t tell what yu've placed in them． A built﹣in scale weighs items， in case yu have t pay by the pund fr an item． Custmers pay by entering a credit card， r thrugh an nline payment system． When a custmer exits the stre， a green light n the shpping cart indicates that their rder is cmplete， and they're charged．
The startups behind the smart carts， including Caper and Veeve， say it's much easier t add technlgy t the shpping cart than t an entire stre． Amazm's G stres rely n hundreds f cameras in the ceiling． The shelves als include sensrs t tell when an item is remved． Ahmed Beshry， c﹣funder f Caper， believes the technlgy t run G is t expensive t use in a large frmat grcery stre． Neither Caper nr Veeve have said hw much their smart shpping carts will cst， making it difficult t cmpare the different frmats． Shariq Siddiqui， CEO f Veeve， said he's finding increased interest frm retailers given Amazn's steady expansin f G since pening the first stre in Seattle in 2018． "We're always happy when Amazn is ding smething，" Siddiqui said． "They frce retailers t get ut f their ld schl thinking． "
Each time a business uses artificial intelligence and cameras， it raises questins abut custmer privacy and the impact n jbs． Beshry ntes that the cameras in his shpping cart pint dwn int the cart， s nly a custmer's hand and part f their arm will be captured（拍摄） n camera．
（1）Which f the fllwing best explains "eliminate" underlined in Paragraph 1？
A．Crss． B．Remve． C．Extend． D．Break．
（2）What d we knw abut the smart shpping carts？
A．They are linked t the cameras fixed in the ceilings．
B．They can tell custmers where t find what they want．
C．They flash the green light when the rder is cancelled．
D．They are able t recgnize purchases placed in them．
（3）What des Beshry think f the technlgy applied in Amazn's G stres？
A．It is far mre expensive than their shpping carts．B．It may increase the cst f running a stre greatly．
C．It has attracted many mre retailers than befre． D．It is likely t help retailers t think differently．
（4）What is the best title fr the text？
A．The New Technlgy Prmtes Retail Sales
B．AI﹣pwered Cameras Are Used in Retail Stres
C．Smart Shpping Carts Will Let Yu Skip the Line
D．Artificial Intelligence Affects the Future Jb Market
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