2022届高考英语高频阅读词组+练习（五十六）

2022届高考英语高频阅读词组+练习（五十六）

一：词组梳理

1．out of the question  毫无可能的

2．out of touch  不联系,不接触

3．over and over(again)  一再地,再三地

4．prior at  在...之前

5．quite a few  相当多,不少

6．rather than  不是...(而是)

7．regardless of  不顾,不惜

8．right away  立即,马上

9．speak about  谈及

10．set in  开始

11．set apart from  把...区分开

12．side by side  肩并肩,一起

13．so far  迄今为止

14．sooner or later  迟早,早晚

15．step by step  逐步地

16．such as  例如,诸如

17．thanks to  由于,多亏

18．that is (to say)  就是说,即

19．to the point  切中要害,切题

20．under control  处于控制之下

21．under the circumstances  这种情况下

22．up to date  在进行中

23．up to  多达;直到;胜任;取决于

24．what if  假使...将会怎样

25．what about  ...怎么样

26．with respect to  如果...将怎样

27．with regard to  关于,至于

28．without exception 无一例外，一律

29．with the exception of  除...之外

30．word for word  逐字地

二：习题训练

（A）

The US president Donald Trump has popularized the phrase “fake news”. But not too long ago these words in combination would have meant little to everyday English speakers.

Anatoly Liberman, a German, writes about the origins of the word “fake”. The word, it turns out, has a very dark past. The best guess at how “fake” became the mainstream, argues Liberman, is that it was a kind used by thieves in the London underworld. But “how it got there, nobody in the world knows, and probably nobody will ever know,” he tells Quartz.

Liberman is a professor at the University of Minnesota and the author of Word Origins and How We Know Them. He writes that early records of “fake” as an English adjective appeared around the middle of the 18th century. The word likely comes from cant, or thief jargon(行话).

The OED mentions “fake” as a verb starting in 1819, which basically meant “to do” in jargon, but also “to kill, wound, or rob”. An entry from a dictionary that year reads:

“To fake any person or place, to rob them; to fake a person may also imply to shoot, wound, or cut; to fake a man out and out, is to kill him.”

Liberman traces the word next to Charles Dickens, who used “cly-faker”,where “cly” means pocket, in Oliver Twist. This is how he believes the knowledge of “fake” as a word that means to steal, spread. Eventually it became a commonplace English word.

1.The underlined word “fake” in Paragraph 1 probably means 　　　. 　　　　　　 　　　　　　 　　　　　　

A.lying B.true C.common D.interesting

2.What can we learn about Anatoly Liberman?

A.He is skilled in some foreign languages.

B.He is interested in all the English words.

C.He lived in England for a long time.

D.He likes writing articles in English very much.

3.What is mainly discussed in this passage?

A.The history of English words.

B.Some stories about English words.

C.The importance of the English word “fake”.

D.The origins of an English word.

4.What can we infer from this passage?

A.We must focus on the words of Donald Trump.

B.We should study English words very carefully.

C.“Fake” likely comes from words used by a class of people.

D.Anatoly Liberman likes to trace the commonplace English words.

（B）

Many students want to learn a foreign language well, but what must they do? In my opinion, in order to know a foreign language thoroughly, four things are necessary. 　1　 Secondly, we must be able to speak it ourselves correctly with confidence and without hesitation. Thirdly, we must be able to read the language, and fourthly, we must be able to write it. 　2　 

There is no easy way to succeed in language learning. A good memory is a great help. 　3　It is not much use learning by heart long lists of words and their meanings, studying the dictionary and so on. 

　4　If we are satisfied with only a few rules we have memorized, we are not really learning the language. “Learn through use” is a good piece of advice for those who are studying a new language. Practice is important. 　5　 

A.We must learn by using the language.

B.To master a foreign language is very important.

C.Firstly, we must understand the language when we hear it spoken.

D.We must be able to make sentences that are grammatically correct.

E.We must study how we have to do to learn a foreign language.

F.But it is not enough only to memorize rules from a grammar book.

G.We must practice speaking and writing the language whenever we can.

答案及解析

A

[语篇解读]　美国总统特朗普使得“假新闻”这个词成为流行词。文章探讨了“fake”这个词的起源。它曾是伦敦底层社会里小偷之间的行话,意为“做”“杀死”“偷”等。

1.A　词义猜测题。美国总统特朗普使得“假新闻”一词成为流行词。由此可知,fake的意思应为“假的”,故选A项。

2.A　推理判断题。由第三段中的“Liberman is a professor at the University of Minnesota and the author of Word Origins and How We Know Them.”可知,Liberman是明尼苏达大学的教授,也是Word Origins and How We Know Them一书的作者。且在文中他探索了fake一词的起源。由此可以推知,他非常擅长外语。故选A项。

3.D　主旨大意题。由文章第二段中的“Anatoly Liberman, a German, writes about the origins of the word ‘fake’.”和下文的具体介绍可知,文章探讨了“fake”这个词的起源,也就是探索一个英语单词的起源,故选D项。

4.C　推理判断题。由第二段中的“The best guess at how ‘fake’ became the mainstream, argues Liberman, is that it was a kind used by thieves in the London underworld.”可知,Liberman提出,关于“fake”一词如何成为主流词,最可靠的猜测应该是,它曾是伦敦底层社会里小偷之间的行话,也就是社会某一阶层的人使用的语言,故选C项。

B

[语篇解读]　文章就如何学好一门外语给出了几点建议。

1.C　考查上下文理解和逻辑推理能力。上一句提到:为了彻底地懂得一门外语,四件事是必要的。下一句提到Secondly,故该空应提到第一件事。故选C项。

2.D　考查上下文理解和逻辑推理能力。上文提到:第四点:我们必须会写。承接该句,故D选项正确:我们必须能够造出语法正确的句子。

3.F　考查上下文理解和逻辑推理能力。上一句提到:好的记忆力很有帮助。下一句提到:只记住长长的单词表等是没有很大用处的。该空承上启下,F选项正确:只记住语法书上的规则是不够的。

4.A　考查上下文理解和逻辑推理能力。由该段中的“Learn through use” is a good piece of advice可知,A选项正确:我们必须通过使用语言来学习。

5.G　考查上下文理解和逻辑推理能力。上一句提到:练习很重要。承接该句, G选项正确:只要有可能,我们必须练习说和写这种语言。