2021届河南省焦作市高三二模英语试卷及答案

这是一份2021届河南省焦作市高三二模英语试卷及答案，共23页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，短文改错，其他应用文等内容，欢迎下载使用。

 2021届河南省焦作市高三二模英语试卷及答案
一、阅读理解
New York Botanical Garden
The 250-acre New York Botanical Garden is the biggest in the United States. It has 50 speciality gardens that house over one million plants. There is a rose garden, a native plant garden that shows off North America's diversity of plants，and trees that are over 200 years old.
Price
The all-garden pass includes current garden exhibitions, the conservatory, the rock garden and native plant garden, the tram tour, garden grounds, and the art gallery. On weekends it costs $28 for adults, $25 for seniors and students, $12 for children aged 2-12, and children under 2 free. You can save money by visiting on a weekday. Prices Monday through Friday are $23 for adults, $20 for seniors and students, $10 for children aged 2-12, and children under 2 free.
Special Events
The New York Botanical Garden is known for its programming for visitors of all ages. Every few months it puts on a special exhibit and then has evenings themed to it. For example, when the garden showed Georgia O'Keeffe’s paintings of Hawaii and planted what was portrayed in them in the greenhouse, it held Hawaiian nights with special food, dance, and music. The garden also holds a series of lectures and classes for children and adults.
The grandest holiday events of the year in New York City is the Train Show. The garden builds model trains that journey through hundreds of New York landmarks all made from plants. The set is spectacular, and many locals go there to see it every year.
Know Before You Go
The garden is vast，and you might be doing a lot of walking. Plan your clothes accordingly. Also remember that you will be outside.
Selfie sticks(自拍杆), and pets are not allowed.
Strollers (散步者) are allowed everywhere except the Conservatory, Discovery Center, Ross Hall, and Art Gallery. There is strolling checking in these locations.
It is important to protect the environment, so walking on the grass, picking flowers, or touching any plant or tree is strictly forbidden.
1．How much should Tom with his 9-year-old son pay for a visit on Friday?
A．$43. B．$40. C．$33. D．$23.
2．What behavior of visitors is welcome in the garden?
A．Strolling with a dog. B．Caring for trees and flowers.
C．Taking a walk in the Art Gallery. D．Having a selfie when sitting on the grass.
3．What can we know about the New York Botanical Garden?
A．Everyone can enjoy themselves in the garden.
B．It is the biggest botanical garden all over the world.
C．The garden holds lectures especially for music lovers.
D．The garden has a better view of New York landmarks.
Two-year-old Samantha Savitz is deaf and loves interacting with her neighbors, so they all learned sign language in order to communicate with her better. The little girl is just so charming and adorable that it’s hard not to want to be able to have simple conversations with her.
In the United States，about two to four of every 1,000 people are functionally deaf—about 2 million people. Around 28 million Americans, 10% of the population，have some degree of hearing loss. Around 500, 000 deaf people in the country use American Sign Language (ASL), and it's the third most commonly used language in the US; many hearing people are also fluent in ASL. With so many people using ASL, it's only right that Savitz's neighbors learn the language，not only for her but also to be able to communicate with other deaf people.
Located at the end of Islington Road in Newton, Massachusells, this little neighborhood is absolutely charmed by one little girl. Savitz is a super engaging girl, and she loves interacting with people in her community. She is delighted when they are able to sign with her. However, she gets really sad when they can't understand her when she tries to communicate with them. Because of this, Savitz's neighbors collectively hired an instructor for ASL classes. With the help of their instructor, Rhys McGovern, the neighbors are able to help Savitz feel a sense of belonging.
What the neighbors did for this little girl is wonderful because she will grow up being well-adjusted in society .Instead of feeling separated because no one outside of her family will understand her, Savitz will be accustomed to constantly interacting with different people. Her family is so thankful that they are fortunate to have such caring and compassionate neighbors. Savitz calls her neighbors “friends,” and accurately so.
Other than speaking with the darling of their neighborhood, the residents of Islington Road will also be able to communicate with any other deaf person they encounter. “We are really enjoying the whole process，not only the learning of ASL, but the learning together,” says McNeil, one of Savitz’s neighbors. “It's made our neighborhood a closer place.”
4．Why does the author present the figures in paragraph 2?
A．To recommend people to learn ASL. B．To show why the ASL class is appealing.
C．To stress how terrible the life of the deaf is. D．To account for Savitz's neighbors’ learning ASL.
5．How does little Savitz feel when her neighbors are able to communicate with her?
A．Proud. B．Pleased. C．Confused. D．Surprised.
6．What does Rhys McGovern do for Savitz?
A．He teaches her neighbors ASL. B．He guides her to interact with her neighbors.
C．He hired an instructor for her neighbors. D．He called on her neighbors to help her.
7．What lesson can we learn from the story?
A．Many heads are better than one.
B．Help others and be happy with yourself.
C．You can't hide the world from your next neighbor.
D．The poor are good to themselves and the good for the world.
When music comes on, some people are toe-lappers or head-bobbers, others shake their hips，and then there are those who let the rhythm move them to a full-body boogie (布吉舞) . But, whatever it is, the way we dance to a beat is so noticeable to an individual that a computer can now identify us by our unique dancing “fingerprint”.
Researchers at the Centre for Interdisciplinary Music Research at Finland's University of Jyv skyl have been using motion capture (动作捕捉) technology to study what a person's dance moves say about his or her mood, personality, and ability to sympathize. They recently made an accidental discovery while trying to see if an ML machine, a form of artificial intelligence, would be able to identify which kind of music was playing based on how the participants of the study were dancing. In their study, the researchers motion captured 73 participants with the AI technology while they danced to eight different music genres: electronica, jazz, metal, pop, rap, reggae, country, and blues. The only instruction the dancers were given was to move in a way that felt natural.
But what it could do was more shocking. The computer was able to correctly identify which music one of the participants was dancing to 94 percent of the time, regardless of what kind of music was playing, based on the pattern of a person's dance style. It was the movement of participants’ heads, shoulders and knees that were important markers in distinguishing between individual. “It seems as though a person’s dance movements a kind of fingerprint. Each person has a unique movement signature that stays the same no matter what kind of music is playing,” said Pasi Saari, a co-author of the study, in a class.
It’s possible that dance-recognition software could become something similar to face-recognition software but it doesn’t seem as practical. For now, researchers say that they are not as interested in possible surveillance (监视) uses of this technology, but rather what the results of this study say about how humans respond to music. So don’t worry about being identified at nightclub by an AI via your signature dance moves yet.
8．What did the researchers expect to do with the ML machine?
A．Test the dancers’ flexibility. B．Make dancers accustomed to the beat.
C．Identify the music using dancers' moves. D．Check the accuracy of motion capture technology.
9．What might not help the AI technology determine a dancer’s identity?
A．Head movement. B．Foot movement. C．Knee movement. D．Shoulder movement.
10．What do researchers want to use the results for?
A．Putting it on the application market. B．Programming it to work at nightclub.
C．Learning about the human response to music. D．Developing a software like face-recognition.
11．What can be the best title of the text?
A．A music style matters less than its beat.
B．New AI can generate your next dance move.
C．A dance-recognition software will become more popular.
D．New AI can identify you by your dancing “fingerprint”.
Many wildflowers of spring in eastern North America bloom thanks to ants. The tiny six-legged gardeners have partnered with those plants and about 11, 000 others to spread their seeds. The plants，in turn, “pay” for the service by attaching a calorie-loaded appendage (附属物) to each seed, much like fleshy fruits remunerate birds and mammals that desert seeds or poop (排泄) them out. But there's more to the ant-seed relationship than that exchange, researchers reported last week at the annual meeting of the Ecological Society of America, which was held online.
Many ants eat seeds. Certain plants attach a nutritive globe called an elaiosome to their seed coats, which serves as a favorite lunch for the ants’ young and gives ants a handle on seeds that can be bigger than their heads. Until now, researchers assumed the ants simply carry the seeds to their nests, feed the elaiosome to their young, and deposit the seed either outside or inside at the colony's “garbage dump”, which provides a rich environment for shooting.
In both the field and the lab, Chelsea Miller presented ants with seeds from various trillium (延龄花) species and found the ants were quick to pick up some species’ seeds while leaving others to rot, Miller said. To find out how ants make their choices, Miller and Susan Whitehead at the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech) used techniques to analyze the chemical makeup of elaiosomes. They found that ants pick seeds based on the specific combination and concentrations of acid and other compounds (化合物) made by the plant, 20 of which are unique to trilliums. The ants’ tastes may affect plant species’ distributions, say Kirsten Prior, an ecologist at Binghamton University: “Widespread trillium species are preferred by seed-dispersing ants compared to rare trillium species.”
Melissa Burt, an ecologist at Virginia Tech, hopes these studies bring ants new respect. “Many people who talk about ants only know them as insects that are taking over their kitchens, but many ants perform important functions in ecosystems,” she says. “Seed dispersal is just one of those.”
12．What does the underlined word “remunerate” probably mean?
A．Attract. B．Track. C．Free. D．Reward.
13．What does the text say about elaiosome in paragraph 2?
A．It's a tasty treat for young ants. B．It's no smaller than ants’ heads.
C．It is used as young ants’ new nest. D．It can be used as a weapon to protect ants.
14．Why did Miller and his team figure out the chemicals of some seeds?
A．To analyze the specific combination affecting the plant growth.
B．To find out the reason for ants preferring some seeds to others.
C．To prove the accuracy of their lab techniques applied in the field.
D．To understand the way of ants distributing different plant species’ seeds.
15．What do most people think of ants according to Melissa?
A．Annoying. B．Greedy. C．Creative. D．Hardworking.
二、七选五
It's no secret that sugar can cause serious consequences if you're treating yourself to a little too much of the sweet stuff. ___16___ The harmful effects it can have on your physical health are well studied , which is why we talk so much about reducing sugar intake to lower the risk of these effects, like chronic(慢性的) disease.
___17___
You've probably heard of the term “sugar rush”—and have maybe even turned to a small cake or soda for an extra lit during a long day. Yet sugar may not be such a positive pick-me-up after all. Recent research indicates that sugary treats have no positive effect on feelings.
It can reduce your ability to deal with stress.
If your idea of coping with stress involves some beers, you're not alone. Lots of people turn to sugary sweets when they feel anxious. ___18___
Withdrawing from sweets can feel like a panic attack.
___19___ Withdrawing from sugar can actually cause side effects, such as: anxiety, confusion, tiredness. When someone misuses a substance(物质)for a period of time, like cocaine, their body goes into a physiological state of withdrawal when they stop using it. Naidoo, a mood-food expert at Harvard Medical School, says that people who are consuming high amounts of sugar in their diets can similarly experience the physiological sensation of withdrawal if they suddenly stop consuming sugar.
Sugar kills your brain power.
Your stomach may be telling you to dive in and drink your way out of that huge cherry ice.___20___A recent study has found that diets high in sugar can weaken cognitive(认知) functioning, even in the absence of extreme weight gain or unnecessary energy intake.
A．Sugar can affect what you feel.
B．But your brain has a different idea.
C．Sugar increases your risk of heart disease.
D．Still, most people are eating too much sugar.
E．Quitting processed sugar might not be as simple as you think.
F．Sugar and processed junk foods change the function of the brain.
G．That's because sugary foods can weaken the body's ability to respond to stress.
三、完形填空
It was a sunny Friday afternoon. I, however, was ___21___ sitting in the mentor's (导师) office, staring at the spreadsheet (电子数据表) on which we had ___22___ our goals for the week. I shaded my cells red; I had not been able to ___23___ any of them. My mentor, Tristan, gave me a reassuring smile, reminding me not to ___24___ myself too much. “It’s OK to be___25___, but make sure your three weekly goals are workable and measurable,” he ___26___.
Halfway through my grade school, I was___27___with a sea of experimental failures and lost without the structure I was ___28___ to as an undergrade. When my mentor Tristan saw that I was struggling, he suggested an ___29___ from his experience in a sport, which is called Three to Thrive(T2T), referring to three goals set each week to help ____30____ progress.
We set up a shared spreadsheet where we would plan our goals, which can be ____31____ and academic. At the end of the week, we would meet and ____32____ our progress in the “Friday Finish.” Then we realized the ____33____ themselves were the problem. It was ____34____ for me to see where I wanted to be in one year, or five, but I had a hard time figuring out what weekly ____35____ would get me there. ____36____, I was setting goals too high to achieve in a week. Since then, Tristan has helped me learn to ____37____ my big-picture goals into smaller tasks that are challenging but ____38____.
With T2T, I have been able to regain some ____39____ of my life. T2T has also helped Tristan and me develop a much more honest and ____40____ mentor-mentee relationship, connecting on everything from professional techniques to tips for not eating too much ice cream.
21．A．curiously B．hopefully C．unhappily D．sleepily
22．A．outlined B．reached C．uplifted D．overlooked
23．A．enjoy B．complete C．recognize D．remember
24．A．praise B．tease C．blame D．sacrifice
25．A．ambitious B．talkative C．sensitive D．optimistic
26．A．declared B．evaluated C．recommended D．discovered
27．A．impressed B．overcome C．trained D．equipped
28．A．opposed B．grateful C．accustomed D．equal
29．A．experiment B．attitude C．association D．approach
30．A．form B．guide C．list D．share
31．A．personal B．athletic C．traditional D．scientific
32．A．imagine B．introduce C．postpone D．discuss
33．A．goals B．records C．rules D．games
34．A．fair B．lucky C．easy D．rare
35．A．tests B．steps C．information D．help
36．A．By the way B．All of a sudden C．On the contrary D．As a result
37．A．break up B．turn down C．put aside D．make out
38．A．flexible B．changeable C．practical D．official
39．A．facts B．control C．questions D．dignity
40．A．primitive B．standard C．potential D．authentic
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。
People in China have been paying cash for things for thousands of years, long before other civilizations. Now, increasingly, they're paying with their cellphones. Chinese consumers are ___41___ (basic) jumping across plastic, and going straight from cash to mobile payments. Chinese spent $5.5 trillion through mobile payment platforms last year, about 50 times the amount in the U.S., according to reports.
Nowhere ___42___(be) the cashless trend more obvious than in the eastern Chinese city of Hangzhou, which is home to Alibaba, the world's___43___ (large) online shopping platform. Its mobile payment app, Alipay, and WeChat Pay, ___44___ belong to the country's leading social messaging platform , together hold a commanding 90 percent of the market, leaving Apple Pay struggling to make inroads.
I recently spent a day in Hangzhou to see ___45___ easy it was to go cashless, and I found it somewhat ahead of other___46___ (city), including Beijing. I rode buses and subways, which all accept Alipay.
I even listened to the tunes of a woman ___47___ (perform) music on the street for change—or for a scan of a QR code (二维码) ___48___ (place) beside the change box. Over a bowl of noodles, a restaurateur told me that about half of his customers pay for ___49___ (they) meals with cellphones, and that he uses his to pay most of the time too. “I don't have to worry about getting counterfeit (伪造的) money, ____50____ having to make change,” he explained.
五、短文改错
51．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
My favorite place is my grandmother's old yard, which stands near the river. As a child, I not only had a sense of safe in my grandmother's yard but feel free. I often went after a couple of ducks, make them quack loudly. He would tease the dog and it'd bark. On dusk, the river would witness me as well my little fellows catching fish. Those days are which I can't enjoy now. The vividly pictures of life in my grandma's yard always crowd in when I think of the happiest days I have been spent.
六、其他应用文
52．你校英语社团将组织一场英文戏剧表演迎接2021年的到来，请你在校英语报上发布一则通知。内容包括：
1.演出时间和地点；
2.介绍该剧及其主要演员。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
NOTICE
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The English Club

参考答案：
1．C
2．B
3．A
【解析】
【分析】
本文是应用文。文章介绍了参观纽约植物园的相关信息。
1．
细节理解题。根据Price部分中“Prices Monday through Friday are $23 for adults. $20 for seniors and students, $10 for children aged 2-12, and children under 2 free.”可知，周一至周五，成人票价是$23，2—12岁的儿童是10美元。周五汤姆和他九岁的儿子去看展览要花$23+$10=$33。故选C。
2．
细节理解题。根据Know Before You Go部分中“It is important to protect the environment, so walking on the grass, picking flowers, or touching any plant or tree is strictly forbidden.（保护环境是重要的，所以在草地上行走，采摘鲜花，或触摸任何植物或树木是严格禁止的）”可知，游客爱护花草树木的行为是受欢迎的。故选B。
3．
细节理解题。根据Special Events 部分中“The New York Botanical Garden is known for its programming for visitors of all ages.（纽约植物园以其为各个年龄段的游客提供的项目而闻名）”可知，每个人都可以在植物园里玩得很开心。故选A。
4．D
5．B
6．A
7．B
【解析】
【分析】
本文是夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了邻居为了帮助2岁的聋人儿童Savitz而学习手语的故事。
4．
推理判断题。根据文章第二段中提到在美国功能性耳聋的人大约有200万人，总人口10%的人有一定程度的听力损失。很多人使用美国手语。根据第二段中“With so many people using ASL, it's only right that Savitz's neighbors learn the language，not only for her but also to be able to communicate with other deaf people.（有那么多人在使用美国手语， Savitz的邻居学习这种语言是对的，不仅是为了她，也是为了能够与其他聋人交流。）”可知，作者在第二段中提出这些数字是为了解释Savitz的邻居学习美国手语的原因。故选D。
5．
细节理解题。根据第三段中“She is delighted when they are able to sign with her.”可知，当邻居们能够和Savitz交流时，她感到很高兴。故选B。
6．
细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“Savitz's neighbors collectively hired an instructor for ASL classes. With the help of their instructor, Rhys MeGovern, the neighbors are able to help Savitz feel a sense of belonging.（萨维茨的邻居们集体聘请了一名教师来讲授美国手语。在指导老师Rhys McGovern的帮助下，邻居们能够帮助Savitz感觉到归属感。）”可知，Rhys McGovern教Savitz的邻居美国手语，这样他们可以和Savitz交流。故选A。
7．
推理判断题。文章最后一段中提到Savitz 的邻居所说的话“We are really enjoying the whole process，not only the learning of ASL, but the learning together, … It's made our neighborhood a closer place.( 我们真的很享受整个学习过程，不仅是学习美国手语，而且是一起学习。……这让我们的社区更亲近了。)”由此可知，邻居在帮助Savitz的同时，也帮助了其他的聋人，同时也享受到大家一起学习的乐趣。他们既帮助了别人，也快乐了自己。故选B。
8．C
9．B
10．C
11．D
【解析】
【分析】
本文是说明文。 文章介绍了一项研究结果：新的AI技术可以通过跳舞者独特的跳舞“指纹”来识别他们。
8．
细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“They recently made an accidental discovery while trying to see if an ML machine, a form of artificial intelligence, would be able to identify which kind of music was playing based on how the participants of the study were dancing.（最近，他们在尝试看人工智能ML机器是否能够根据研究参与者跳舞的方式来识别出播放的音乐时，有了一个意外发现。）”可知， 研究人员期望用ML机器根据舞蹈者的动作识别音乐。故选C。
9．
细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“It was the movement of participants’ heads, shoulders and knees that were important markers in distinguishing between individual.（参与者头部、肩膀和膝盖的运动是区分个体的重要标志。）”可知， 跳舞者的脚部运动不能帮助AI技术确定跳舞者的身份。故选B。
10．
细节理解题。根据文章第四段中“researchers say that they are not as interested in possible surveillance (监视) uses of this technology, but rather what the results of this study say about how humans respond to music.（研究人员说他们感兴趣的不是这种技术的监视用途，而是这项研究关于人类对音乐是如何反应的结果。）”可知，研究人员想用这个研究的结果来了解人类对音乐的反应。故选C。
11．
主旨大意题。文章第一段提到“whatever it is, the way we dance to a beat is so noticeable to an individual that a computer can now identify us by our unique dancing “fingerprint”. （不管是什么舞蹈，我们跟着节拍跳舞的方式对一个人来说是如此明显，以至于电脑现在可以通过我们独特的跳舞“指纹”来识别我们。）”；第三段中提到研究人员Pasi Saari 所说的话“It seems as though a person’s dance movements a kind of fingerprint. Each person has a unique movement signature that stays the same no matter what kind of music is playing.( 一个人的舞蹈动作就好像是一种指纹。每个人都有自己独特的动作特征，无论演奏什么音乐，这些特征都是不变的。)”由此可知，文章是关于新的AI技术能够通过独特的跳舞“指纹”来识别跳舞者。D项“新的AI技术能够通过你的跳舞“指纹”来识别你”可以作为本文标题。故选D。
12．D
13．A
14．B
15．A
【解析】
【分析】
本文是说明文。文章说明了研究发现，蚂蚁通过传播种子，在生态系统中发挥着重要的作用。
12．
词句猜猜题。划线词上一句提到“The plants，in turn, “pay” for the service by attaching a calorie-loaded appendage to each seed（反过来，这些植物通过在每个种子上附着一个富含高营养的附属物来“回报”它们的服务）”；much like意思为“非常像，就像”，是表示类比；由此可以猜测，remunerate与上一句中的pay语义相同，意思为“回报”；“much like fleshy fruits remunerate birds and mammals that desert seeds or poop them out.”意思为“就像一些肉质水果回报那些留下种子或者将种子排泄出来的鸟类和哺乳动物一样。” 故选D。
13．
细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“Certain plants attach a nutritive globe called an elaiosome to their seed coats, which serves as a favorite lunch for the ants’ young …（某些植物的种皮上附着一个叫做油质体的营养球体，这是幼蚁最喜欢的午餐。）” 可知，对幼蚁来说，elaiosome（油质体）是他们的美餐。故选A。
14．
细节理解题。文章第三段中提到“…found the ants were quick to pick up some species’ seeds while leaving others to rot, Miller said. To find out how ants make their choices, Miller and Susan Whitehead …used techniques to analyze the chemical makeup of elaiosomes.（Miller说，发现蚂蚁很快就捡起了一些物种的种子，而让其他物种的种子腐烂。为了找出蚂蚁是如何做出选择的，Miller和Susan Whitehead使用技术分析了油质体的化学组成。）”可知，Miller和他的团队弄清楚一些种子的化学成分是为了找出蚂蚁喜欢某些种子而不喜欢其他种子的原因。故选B。
15．
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中Melissa 所说的话“Many people who talk about ants only know them as insects that are taking over their kitchens.（许多人谈起蚂蚁，只知道它们是占据厨房的昆虫。）”可以推测，根据Melissa的说法，大多数人觉得蚂蚁是很令人心烦的动物。故选A。
16．D
17．A
18．G
19．E
20．B
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了摄入过多糖分对身体的影响。
16．
上文“It's no secret that sugar can cause serious consequences if you're treating yourself to a little too much of the sweet stuff.（众所周知，如果你吃太多甜食，糖会导致严重的后果）”说明吃太多甜食会导致严重后果。下文“The harmful effects it can have on your physical health are well studied , which is why we talk so much about reducing sugar intake to lower the risk of these effects, like chronic(慢性的) disease.（它对你的身体健康的有害影响已经得到了充分证明，这就是为什么我们如此多地谈论减少糖的摄入以降低这些影响的风险，如慢性疾病）”说明吃太多甜食带来的具体有害影响。由此可知，设空处应是与上文形成转折关系，说明即使吃太多甜食会导致严重的后果，但是仍然有很多人吃很多甜食。D项“Still, most people are eating too much sugar.（大多数人仍然吃太多的糖分）”承上启下，下文中的it 指代的就是选项中的sugar。故选D。
17．
下文“You've probably heard of the term “sugar rush”—and have maybe even turned to a small cake or soda for an extra lit during a long day. Yet sugar may not be such a positive pick-me-up after all. Recent research indicates that sugary treats have no positive effect on feelings.（你可能听说过“甜食冲动”这个词，甚至可能在漫长的一天中，你会用一个小蛋糕或苏打水来增加一点点的甜味。但是糖也许不是什么好东西。最近的研究表明，甜食对情绪没有积极的影响）”讲的是甜食会对人的情绪、情感产生影响。设空处位于段落小标题位置，应彰显段落大意。A项中“affect what you feel”与下文一致。故选A。
18．
上文“If your idea of coping with stress involves some beers, you're not alone. Lots of people turn to sugary sweets when they feel anxious.（如果你应对压力的方法包括喝啤酒，那么你不是一个人。很多人在焦虑的时候会选择甜食）”可知，很多人通过吃甜食的方式来应对压力。空处承接上文，解释这一做法的原因。G项“That's because sugary foods can weaken the body's ability to respond to stress.（这是因为含糖食物会削弱身体应对压力的反应能力）”与上文一致，对上文进行解释说明，故选G。
19．
下文“Withdrawing from sugar can actually cause side effects, such as: anxiety, confusion, tiredness. When someone misuses a substance(物质)for a period of time, like cocaine, their body goes into a physiological state of withdrawal when they stop using it. Naidoo, a mood-food expert at Harvard Medical School, says that people who are consuming high amounts of sugar in their diets can similarly experience the physiological sensation of withdrawal if they suddenly stop consuming sugar.（戒掉糖分实际上会导致副作用，比如: 焦虑，困惑，疲劳。当某人在一段时间内滥用使用某种物质 ，比如可卡因，当他们停止使用这种物质时，他们的身体就会进入戒断的生理状态。哈佛医学院的情绪食品专家 Naidoo 说，在饮食中摄入大量糖分的人，如果突然停止摄入糖分，也会有类似的戒断的生理状态）”说明戒掉糖的过程是很艰难的。设空处位于段首，对下文起着总领全段作用，E项“Quitting processed sugar might not be as simple as you think.（戒掉加工过的糖可能不像你想的那么简单）”与下文一致。故选E。
20．
上文“Your stomach may be telling you to dive in and drink your way out of that huge cherry ice.（你的胃可能在告诉你，要一头扎进去，喝掉那块大樱桃冰）”说明你的胃想吃掉大块樱桃冰，下文“A recent study has found that diets high in sugar can weaken cognitive(认知) functioning, even in the absence of extreme weight gain or unnecessary energy intake.（最近的一项研究发现，高糖饮食会削弱认知功能，即使没有极端的体重增加或不必要的能量摄入）”说明高糖饮食会损害认知功能。由此可知应是吃太多甜食可能会满足你的胃，但这对于你的大脑来说却是另外一回事，这会损害大脑的认知功能。B项“But your brain has a different idea.（但是你的大脑却不这样想）”与下文一致，与上文形成转折。故选B。
21．C
22．A
23．B
24．C
25．A
26．C
27．B
28．D
29．D
30．B
31．A
32．D
33．A
34．C
35．B
36．D
37．A
38．C
39．B
40．D
【解析】
【分析】
本文是夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者在导师的帮助下，运用导师的“Three to Thrive(T2T)”方法，制定更切实可行的每周小目标，从而实现大目标。
21．
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我闷闷不乐地坐在导师的办公室，盯着电子数据表，上面概述了我们本周的目标。A. curiously好奇地；B. hopefully满怀希望地；C. unhappily不高兴地；D. sleepily困倦地，疲倦地。根据下文“I had not been able to 3 any of them.”可知，作者制定的本星期的目标没有完成，因此他不开心。故选C项。
22．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我不高兴地坐在导师的办公室，盯着电子数据表，上面概述了我们本周的目标。A. outlined概述，略述，描画；B. reached到达；C. uplifted提升；D. overlooked忽视。数据表上是作者列出的本周要完成目标的大纲概要。故选A项。
23．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把我的单元格涂成红色；我一项都没能完成。A. enjoy享受；B. complete完成；C. recognize认出；D. remember记住。作者为自己设置的本周目标并没有完成。故选B项。
24．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的导师特里斯坦给了我一个安慰的微笑，提醒我不要太责怪自己。A. praise赞扬；B. tease取笑；C. blame责备；D. sacrifice牺牲。根据上文“I had not been able to 3 any of them.”可知，导师安慰作者不要太过责备自己。故选C项。
25．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“有雄心壮志是好的，但要确保你的三个每周目标是可行的和可衡量的，” 他建议道。A. ambitious有抱负的；B. talkative健谈的；C. sensitive敏感的；D. optimistic乐观的。根据下文“I was setting goals too high to achieve”，作者设置的每周的目标很高，导师认为他有抱负这一方面是不错的。故选A项。
26．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“有雄心壮志是好的，但要确保你的三个每周目标是可行的和可衡量的，” 他建议道。A. declared宣布；B. evaluated评估；C. recommended建议；D. discovered发现。根据上文““It’s OK to be 5 , but make sure…”可知导师是给作者提出建议。故选C项。
27．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我的学习期间，我经历了无数次实验性的失败，觉得没有一个本科生能胜任的知识结构而感到很茫然。A. impress留下印象；B. overcome 克服，战胜，受到……的极大影响； C. train训练；D. equip装备，具备。 此处是be overcome with“受到……的极大影响，被……所压倒”。 故选B项。
28．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我的学习期间，我经历了无数次实验性的失败，觉得没有一个本科生能胜任的知识结构而感到很茫然。此处考查“be+形容词+ to”短语的辨析。A. be opposed to反对；B. be grateful to对……感激的；C. be accustomed to习惯于；D. be equal to 等同于，能胜任的。 因为不能完成每周的目标，作者觉得自己的知识和能力不能胜任。故选D项。
29．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我的导师特里斯坦看到我在苦苦挣扎时，他给我建议了他从自己的运动经验总结出的一种方法，这个方法被称为“三个到成功(Three to Thrive) ”，指的是每周设定三个目标来帮助指导进展。A. experiment实验； B. attitude态度；C. association联想，联系；D. approach方法。根据“Three to Thrive(T2T)”可知，导师是给作者建议一种方法。故选D项。
30．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我的导师特里斯坦看到我在苦苦挣扎时，他给我建议了他从自己的运动经验中总结出的一种方法 ，这个方法被称为“三个到成功(Three to Thrive) ”，指的是每周设定三个目标来帮助指导进展。A. form形成；B. guide指导；C. list列出；D. share分享。导师建议作者通过每周三个小目标，来引导自己一步一步地前进。故选B项。
31．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们建了一个共享的电子表格来计划我们的目标，这些目标是根据个人制定的，也是理论上的。A. personal个人的；B. athletic运动的；C. traditional传统的； D. scientific科学的。根据下文“I was setting goals too high to achieve in a week.”，可知作者和导师一起制定符合个人情况的目标。故选A项。
32．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在周末的时候，我们会会面讨论周五完成的进度。A. imagine想象；B. introduce介绍；C. postpone推迟；D. discuss讨论。根据“we would meet”可知，他们是见面讨论。故选D项。
33．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我们意识到目标本身就是问题所在。A. goals目标；B. records记录；C. rules规则；D. games游戏。根据下文“I was setting goals too high to achieve in a week.”作者觉得自己设置的目标太高了，因此是目标本身有问题。故选A项。
34．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，看到自己在一年或五年的时间里想要达到的目标很容易，但我却很难弄清楚每周要做到哪一步才能达到目标。A. fair公平的；B. lucky幸运的；C. easy容易的；D. rare罕见的，稀少的。根据下文“but I had a hard time…”可知，长期的目标作者很容易看到。前后意思转折，easy和had a hard time相对应。故选C项。
35．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，看到自己在一年或五年的时间里想要达到的目标很容易，但我却很难弄清楚每周要做到哪一步才能达到目标。 A. tests测试；B. steps步骤，阶段；C. information信息；D. help帮助。作者不清楚具体每周要做到哪一个阶段。故选B项。
36．
考查短语辨析。句意：结果，我设定的目标太高了，在一周内无法完成。A. By the way顺便说一下；B. All of a sudden突然；C. On the contrary相反；D. As a result结果。根据上文“I had a hard time figuring out what weekly 15 would get me there.”，作者不清楚具体每周的目标，因此设置的目标过高。as a result表示因果关系。故选D项。
37．
考查动词短语辨析。句意：从那以后，Tristan帮我学会了把大目标分解成小任务，这些小任务既具有挑战性又很切实际。A. break up破裂，拆开，打散； B. turn down拒绝；C. put aside搁置在一边；D. make out理解。根据“my big-picture goals into smaller tasks”可知，此处是短语break up… into“把……分解成”。故选A项。
38．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，Tristan帮我学会了把大目标分解成小任务，这些小任务既具有挑战性又很切实际。A. flexible灵活的；B. changeable可改变的；C. practical实用的，实际的；D. official正式的。根据上文“smaller tasks”可知，导师帮助作者制定小任务是在一周内可以做到的。故选C项。
39．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有了T2T这种方法，我能够重新掌控自己的生活。A. facts事实；B. control控制；C. questions问题；D. dignity尊严。根据上文“I had not been able to 3 any of them.”，原来作者制定的目标一周内一个也完不成，现在作者能够完成那些小的任务。设置的目标是自己能够掌控的。故选B项。
40．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：T2T还帮助我和特里斯坦建立了一种更诚实、更可信的师徒关系，从专业技巧到不要吃太多冰激凌的建议，我们在方方面面都有联系。A. primitive原始的；B. standard标准的；C. potential潜在的；D. authentic真实的，可靠的。根据“much more honest”可知，他们之间的关系更可信。故选D项。
41．basically
42．is
43．largest
44．which
45．how
46．cities
47．performing
48．placed
49．their
50．or
【解析】
【分析】
本文是说明文。文章说明在中国，移动支付成为一大趋势。
41．
考查副词。句意：中国消费者基本上跳过了信用卡支付，直接从现金支付转向移动支付。修饰句子的谓语动词are jumping，应该用副词形式。故填basically。
42．
考查时态。句意：没有哪个地方比中国东部城市杭州的无现金化趋势更为明显，杭州是全球最大网络购物平台阿里巴巴(Alibaba)的总部所在地。句子叙述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时；该句是倒装句，句子主语是the cashless trend，是单数意义，因此be动词用单数形式。故填is。
43．
考查形容词最高级。句意：没有哪个地方比中国东部城市杭州的无现金化趋势更为明显，杭州是全球最大网络购物平台阿里巴巴(Alibaba)的总部所在地。前面有范围the world，此处large用最高级形式，指全球范围中“最……”。故填largest。
44．
考查定语从句关系词。句意：其移动支付应用“支付宝”和“微信支付”，都属于中国领先的社交信息平台，一起占据了90%的市场份额，这使得“苹果支付”难以打入市场。分析句子结构，“____ belong to the country's leading social messaging platform”是非限制性定语从句，先行词是Its mobile payment app，在从句中做主语，指物，应该用which引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
45．
考查宾语从句引导词。句意：最近，我在杭州呆了一天，想看看无现金生活是多么容易。“____easy it was to go cashless”是宾语从句，从句引导词修饰形容词easy，应该用how引导宾语从句。故填how。
46．
考查可数名词单复数。句意：我发现杭州的情况比包括北京在内的其他城市都要好。根据other可知，是指其他的很多城市，city应用复数形式。故填cities。
47．
考查现在分词。句意：我甚至听着一位女人在街头演奏音乐，向路人讨钱或者要路人扫描放在零钱盒旁边的二维码。“____(perform) music on the street”是后置定语；perform 和a woman之间为逻辑上的主动关系，因此用现在分词作后置定语。故填performing。
48．
考查过去分词。句意：我甚至听着一位女人在街头演奏音乐，(向路人)讨钱或者要(路人)扫描放在零钱盒旁边的二维码。“____(place）beside the change box”是后置定语；place 和a QR code之间为逻辑上的被动关系，因此用过去分词作后置定语。故填placed。
49．
考查代词。句意：在吃面条的时候，一位餐馆老板告诉我，他的顾客中大约有一半用手机付账。修饰名词meals，应用形容词性物主代词。故填their。
50．
考查连词。句意：“我不需要担心假钞，也不需要找零钱，”他解释道。在否定句中，用并列连词or 表示否定两者，意思为“也不”。故填or。
51．1. the→a 2. safe→safty 3. feel→felt 4. make→making 5. He→I 6. On→At 7. 在well后面加as 8.which→what 9. vividly→vivid 10.去掉been
【解析】
【分析】
本文为一篇记叙文。文章记述了作者最喜欢的院子和他的童年时光。
【详解】
1.考查冠词。句意:我最喜欢的地方是我祖母的旧院子，它坐落在一条河边。前文没有出现river，该句river表示泛指且首字母的发音为辅音音素。故把the改为a。
2.考查名词。句意:作为一个孩子，我在祖母的院子里不仅有一种安全感，而且感到自由。介词of后应用名词作宾语。故把safe改为safety。
3.考查时态。句意:作为一个孩子时，我在祖母的院子里不仅有一种安全感，而且感到自由。句中有并列结构“not only…but also…不仅……而且……”，并列的谓语动词时态要一致；根据前文As a child可知，作者讲的是小时候的事情，故用一般过去时态；feel的过去式为felt。故把feel改为felt。
4.考查现在分词。句意:我经常追两只鸭子，弄得它们嘎嘎叫。句中已经有谓语动词went，故make不能用原形；主语I与make为主动关系，应把make改为现在分词making，在句中做结果状语。故把make改为making。
5.考查人称代词。句意:我会逗狗，狗就会叫。根据上下文的人称可知，是作者以第一人称来陈述自己的童年时光。故把He改为I。
6.考查固定搭配。句意:黄昏的时候，河流见证我和我的小伙伴们捕鱼。根据固定短语“at dusk黄昏时”可知，应把On改为At。故把On改为At。
7.考查介词。句意:黄昏的时候，河流见证我和我的小伙伴们捕鱼。根据句意可知，应用“as well as不仅……而且……，……和……”短语。故在well后加as。
8. 考查表语从句。句意：那些日子是我现在无法享受的。分析句子可知，表语从句中缺宾语，应用连接代词what，指代前文Those days ；而which在表语从句中充当定语，表示“哪一个，哪一些”，不符合句子需要。故把which改为what。
9.考查形容词。句意:每当我想起我度过的那些最快乐的日子，我奶奶院子里生活的生动画面总是纷至沓来。vividly后为名词pictures，应用形容词修饰名词。故把vividly改为vivid。
10. 考查语态。句意:每当我想起我度过的那些最快乐的日子，我奶奶院子里生活的生动画面总是纷至沓来。定语从句I have been spent应用现在完成时的主动语态，表示主语发出的的动作对现在仍然有影响。故把been去掉。
52．NOTICE
In order to welcome the coming of the New Year, the English club plans to hold an English drama show. The activity will start at 4:00 p.m. on next Saturday at the school hall. The members of English Drama Club will perform the highlights of Macbeth and King Lear, which are the masterpieces of Shakespeare as well as the treasure of English literature. This is a chance to appreciate the classics and play tribute to literary giants. All students are welcome to join us. Please be punctual and your advice or suggestions will be highly appreciated.
Let’s explore the world of art and literature together! Looking forward to your active participation.
The English Club
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生在校英语报上发布一则通知，通知大家为了迎接2021年的到来，校英语社团将组织一场英文戏剧表演以及相关事宜。
【详解】
第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般将来时。
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：
1.演出时间和地点；
2.介绍该剧及其主要演员。
第二步：列提纲 （重点词组）
In order to; plan to do sth; at the school hall; perform the highlights of; as well as; a chance to do; play tribute to; be welcome to; explore the world of; look forward to
第三步：连词成句
1. In order to welcome the coming of the New Year, the English club plans to hold an English drama show.
2. The activity will start at 4:00 p.m. on next Saturday at the school hall.
3. The members of English Drama Club will perform the highlights of Macbeth and King Lear, which are the masterpieces of Shakespeare as well as the treasure of English literature.
4. Looking forward to your active participation.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Secondly, Finally（供参考）
2.表并列补充关系：as well as, and
3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but（供参考）
4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus（供参考）
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，
【点睛】
[高分句型1] The members of English Drama Club will perform the highlights of Macbeth and King Lear, which are the masterpieces of Shakespeare as well as the treasure of English literature.（使用了which 引导的非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2] This is a chance to appreciate the classics and play tribute to literary giants.（使用了and连接的并列成分）
[高分句型3] Please be punctual and your advice or suggestions will be highly appreciated.（and连接的并列句）