高中英语外研版选修8Module 3 Foreign Food课时训练

Module 3 Section Ⅳ　Grammar & Writing

课时作业

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．The city was attacked by such terrible weather as few citizens had ever experienced before.

2．Some think it is convenient to get in touch with others with the cellphone, which also makes them feel safe especially in time of trouble.

3．(2019·北京西城期中)The artist was very proud of his creation and called it the best painting that he had ever done.

4．Cultural shock is a feeling which/that most travelers experience in a foreign country where they find the culture is quite different from that of their own.

5．The baby，whose health was ruined after taking the medicine, was only one year old.

6．Those who can achieve high grades in class tend to be weak in handling some practical problems, as is often the case.

7．Scientists have searched for a long time for a reason why so many bees are disappearing.

8．Police said the victims—all of whom were from the school—were apparently picked at random.

9．The house，whose door often stays open until late at night, works as a home for the guards, some of whom are from the countryside.

10．Students should involve themselves in community activities where they can gain experience for growth.

Ⅱ.阅读理解

A

The modern pizza was originally invented in Naples，Italy，but the word pizza is Greek in origin，derived from the Greek word pēktos meaning solid or clotted. The ancient Greeks covered their bread with oils，herbs and cheese. The first major innovation that led to flatbread pizza was the use of tomato as a topping. It was common for the poor of the area around Naples to add tomatoes to their yeast­based flatbread，and so the pizza began.

While it is difficult to say for sure who invented the pizza，it is however believed that modern pizza was first made by baker Raffaele Esposito of Naples. In fact，a popular urban legend holds that the archetypal(原型的) pizza，Pizza Margherita，was invented in 1890，when the Royal Palace of Capodimonte asked the Neapolitan pizzaiolo Raffaele Esposito to create a pizza in honor of the visiting Queen Margherita. Of the three different pizzas he created，the Queen strongly preferred a pie wrapped in the colors of the Italian flag: red(tomato), green(basil)，and white(mozzarella)．Supposedly，this kind of pizza was then named after the Queen as Pizza Margherita.

Later，the dish has become popular in many parts of the world：

•The first pizzeria，Antica Pizzeria Port'Alba，was opened in 1830 in Naples.

•In North America，the first pizzeria was opened in 1905 by Gennaro Lombardi at 53 Spring Street in New York City.

•The first Pizza Hut，the chain of pizza restaurants appeared in the United States in 1958.

•Nowadays，many varieties of pizza exist worldwide，along with several dish variants based upon pizza.

【解题导语】　本文主要介绍了披萨的历史起源。

1．What's mainly talked about in the text?

A．Ways of making pizza.

B．The history of pizza.

C．Varieties of pizza.

D．Stories about pizza.

解析：选B　主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“The modern pizza was originally invented in Naples，Italy，but the word pizza is Greek in origin”以及文章的整体内容可知，本文主要介绍了披萨的历史起源。故选B。

2．What can replace the underlined word “derived” in Paragraph 1?

A．Separated.　　　 B．Adapted.

C．Originated.   D．Transformed.

解析：选C　词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“The modern pizza was originally invented in Naples，Italy”可知，此处说的是披萨起源于希腊单词“pēktos”，故画线词意为“发源，开始”，故选C。

3．How was pizza first started?

A．Ancient Greeks covered their bread with oils，herbs and cheese.

B．People in Naples added tomatoes to their bread as a topping.

C．Raffaele Esposito wrapped a pie in the colors of the Italian flag.

D．Queen Margherita awarded her name to pizza in the Royal Palace.

解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句可知，那不勒斯人先在面包上用西红柿作为配料，由此开创了披萨这种食品，故选B。

4．What can be learned from the text?

A．Pizza remains popular around the world.

B．The first Pizza Hut was opened in Naples.

C．The taste of pizza stays the same over time.

D．Gennaro Lombardi was the first to make pizza.

解析：选A　细节理解题。根据文中的“Later，the dish has become popular in many parts of the world”和“Nowadays，many varieties of pizza exist worldwide，along with several dish variants based upon pizza.”可知，披萨现在在全世界依然很受欢迎，故选A。

B

Children who drink more milk do not necessarily develop healthier bones, researchers said on Monday in a report that stresses exercise and modest consumption of calcium­rich (含钙丰富的) foods such as tofu and broccoli (花椰菜).

The report drew its conclusions from previously published studies and was written by researchers from the Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine, which advocates a strict vegetarian diet. “Under scientific study, the support for the milk myth is defeated. This analysis of 58 published studies shows that the evidence on which U．S. milk intake recommendations are based is scant.” said study author Dr. Amy Lanou in a statement.

The U．S. government has gradually increased recommendations for daily calcium intake, largely from milk products. But the Physicians Committee's report said increasing consumption of milk products was not necessarily the best way to provide the necessary calcium intake of at least 400 milligrams per day. Other ways to get the absorbable calcium found in one cup of cow's milk include a cup of orange juice, two packages of instant oats (燕麦), two­thirds cup of tofu, or 1­2/3 cups of broccoli, the report said. And it also pointed out that milk products provide 18 percent of the total fat energy and 25 percent of the total fat intake in the diets of American children who are developing increasing rates of obesity.

Frank Greer, who specializes in children's illnesses at the University of Wisconsin in Madison, said the ideal way to achieve the goal of healthy bones is to make sure children exercise and consume up to 1,300 milligrams a day of calcium.

【解题导语】　本文主要讲述了仅喝牛奶不能让孩子骨骼强健，理想的方式是进行适当锻炼加上补充足够的钙。

5. What can be a suitable title for the passage?

A．Calcium is More Important Than Milk

B．Vegetarian Diet Becomes Popular

C．How to Get Rid of Obesity

D．Does More Milk Really Benefit Us?

解析：选D　标题归纳题。本文通过一个研究结论颠覆了传统的思想——喝牛奶可满足孩子对钙的需求。除此之外，适当的锻炼和蔬菜水果也是补钙的途径，故答案为D项。

6. What does the underlined word “scant” in the second paragraph most probably mean?

A．Accurate.   B．Enough.

C．Not enough.   D．Inaccurate.

解析：选C　词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句话“美国政府逐渐增加每天的钙的摄入量”可推知，原来的摄入量是不够的，故选C项。

7．Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned as a way to get absorbable calcium?

A．Drinking cow's milk.

B．Drinking orange juice.

C．Taking more exercise.

D．Eating some tofu.

解析：选C　细节理解题。第一段中提到要使青少年的骨骼健康只喝牛奶是不够的，还需要适当的锻炼和食用含钙的食物，如豆腐和花椰菜，可知A、D两项正确，C项不正确；根据倒数第二段中的倒数第二句可知B项正确。

8．We can see from the passage that         .

A．American children's obesity has something to do with milk intake

B．the U. S. government has realized exercise is important for healthier bones

C．researchers are all against children's calcium intake from milk products

D．children can develop healthier bones only by consuming milk products

解析：选A　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句可知牛奶产品占那些变得肥胖的儿童的脂肪摄入量的25%，由此可推断牛奶的摄入和儿童的肥胖有关。

Ⅲ.语法填空

(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)

A 90­year­old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for 1.         (be) Britain's oldest full­time employee—still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9 a．m. to 5 p．m. daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, 2.         
she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have 3.         (final) been acknowledged after a customer nominated (提名) her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.

Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene 4.         (declare) she had no plans 5.        (retire) from her 36­year­old business. Irene said, “I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I 6.          (make) over the years. I work not because I have to, 7.         
because I want to.”

Granddaughter Gayle Parks, 31—who works alongside her in the family business—said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said, “We don't have any idea who put grandma forward. When we got a call 8.         
(say) she was short­listed, we thought it was 9.         joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It's 10.       
(wonder)．”

【解题导语】　本文为一篇记叙文。文章讲述了九十岁高龄的Irene作为英国最年长的全职员工，依然在宠物店做着朝九晚五的工作，没有退休的打算，她由此被评为“年度女士”。

1．解析：考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词“for”可知，此处用动名词形式作宾语，故填being。

答案：being

2．解析：考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知，先行词为the pet shop，在非限制性定语从句中作opened一词的宾语，故用which。

答案：which

3．解析：考查副词用法。根据所处位置可知，此处应用副词形式作状语，修饰谓语动词have been acknowledged，意为“最终得到认可”，故填finally。

答案：finally

4．解析：考查时态。根据上下文可知，该句主语为Irene，此处为谓语成分，根据后文“had”以及“said”可知，用一般过去时态，故填declared。

答案：declared

5．解析：考查不定式作定语。此处用to do sth.作后置定语，用来修饰前面的名词plan，表示“……的计划”，故填to retire。

答案：to retire

6．解析：考查动词时态。根据该定语从句中的时间状语“over the years”可知，此处用现在完成时态，句意：我喜欢到这里来看看我的家人和我这些年来交到的朋友们。故填have made。

答案：have made

7．解析：考查并列连词。根据句意逻辑可知，此处为转折关系。句意：我工作不是因为我不得不做，而是因为我想做。此处用but与前文not呼应，构成“不是……而是……”之意，故填but。

答案：but

8．解析：考查非谓语动词。前面已经有谓语动词got，故此处用非谓语动词形式，根据say与其逻辑主语call是主动关系，故填saying。

答案：saying

9．解析：考查冠词用法。句意：我们还以为这是一个玩笑。此处joke为泛指，故填a。

答案：a

10．解析：考查形容词作表语。根据句子结构可知，在系动词is之后用形容词形式作表语，故填wonderful。

答案：wonderful

Ⅳ.书面表达

以下是你第一次在法国朋友家就餐的尴尬经历。请你用英语写一篇短文，介绍这次经历，与你的同学分享，同时也让他们了解更多的法国餐桌礼仪。

1．你把面包放在盘子里(应该放在桌子上)；

2．你拿着整片面包吃(应该切成小块)；

3．每道菜你只吃了一点点(吃光所有的菜是礼貌的)。

要求：

1．词数100左右；

2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

One possible version：

I was once invited to a French friend's home to have dinner. But what happened during the dinner made me embarrassed.

First, I put my bread on the plate, making my friend confused because in France, people are supposed to put the bread on the table. Second, I picked up the whole piece of bread and ate it. However, taking a bite of bread after cutting it into pieces is considered to be polite. Although I found all the food was delicious, I just ate a small amount of it because I thought it would be rude to eat it up. On the contrary, it's polite to finish what is on your plate.

To avoid such an embarrassing situation, people should learn more about different table manners of the world.