主谓一致课件2022届高考英语二轮复习

这是一份主谓一致课件2022届高考英语二轮复习，共43页。PPT课件主要包含了are，主谓一致的定义，know，knows，has，have， enjoy，hang，stands，意义一致原则等内容，欢迎下载使用。

The by ___ diving.
They ____ diving.
Bth Jack and Tim ___diving.
All f them ____ diving.
Neither Jack nr Tim ___ walking.
Finish the fllwing exercises:
Bb _____ a wrker.
Mike and Bb _____ wrkers.
Bth Mike and Bb ____wrkers.
Neither Mike nr Bb ___a teacher.
Neither f them ________ (knw) hw t teach English.
All f them ______ wrkers.
Nne f them ___________ (knw) hw t teach English.
语法详解： 所谓主谓一致是指主语和谓语动词之间,即主语的____和___决定着谓语动词对应的形式。
二、主谓一致的三个原则
1.语法一致 就是主语为单数形式, 谓语即用单数形式; 主语为复数形式, 谓语也用复数形式。如：The bk is very interesting. 这本书很有趣。The bks are very interesting. 这些书很有趣。
(1) 不定代词作主语, 谓语动词要用______，如each, either, ne, smene ,smebdy, smething, anybdy, anyne, anything, everybdy, everyne, everything, nbdy, n ne, nthing。注意：nne f 和 neither/either f加复数名词做主语时，谓动可用单数，也可用复数。
〖即境运用〗1.Smene_____ asking fr yu.（be） 2.Nthing _____ fund in the rm.( be ) 3.（1）Neither f them _____(knw) hw t teach English.他们两个全都不知道如何教英语。(2)Neither f them _____(knw) hw t teach English.他们两个没有一个知道如何教英语4.（1）Nne f them _____(has)been t the Great Wall.他们中没有一个人去过长城。（2）Nne f them _____(has)been t the Great Wall.他们全都没有一个人去过长城
〖即境运用〗1.Mr Li tgether with his tw sns_____(has) gne t the wmen , as well as Mr. Black, ______（be）at the ffice ne except the tw bys ______ (be )late fr class yesterday. 4.His classmates, rather than Li Ming, _____ (have) let ut the secret.
(2)如果句子中插入由“with, alng with, tgether with, besides,as well as, like, withut, except, but, including，rather than ”等所连接的短语时，谓语动词谓与前面的名词或代词的数一致。
(3) all f; a lt f; lts f; sme f; mst f; plenty f; the rest f; half f; part f; majrity f; percent f; ne third f等量词加名词作主语的时候,谓语动词与f后面的名词保持一致。
〖即境运用〗1.All f my classmates ____(like) music. 2.All f the water ___(be ) gne. 3.Abut 60 percent f the students in ur schl ___（be）bys
(5) 以 “a number f +复数名词”意为“许多”，作主语时，谓语动词用______； “the number f +复数名词”意为“……的数目”，作主语时， 谓语动词用_______。〖即境运用〗1.A number f new bks_____（be）n the number f students in yur class __（be）50.
(4) many a, mre than ne, ne and a half+单数名词, 谓语用______。〖即境运用〗 1.Mre than ne persn______(has) knwn it. 2.Many a wrker ______（be） killed in the accident.
(6) 定语从句的关系代词wh, which, that在从句中作主语时，要与先行词的人称和数保持一致。 1.Thse wh______ singing may jin us.喜欢唱歌的人可以加入我们。2.Tm, wh ___ yur friend, shuld help yu.你的朋友汤姆应该帮助你。
(7) 在主谓倒装的句子中，谓语动词的数应与其后的名词或代词一致。
〖即境运用〗1.Between the tw windws ______(hang) tw the tw rws f trees ________(stand) the teaching building.
(8) a large quantity f + 名单 + 谓单 名复 + 谓复/单 large quantities f + 名单/复 + 谓复
(9). a (large )amunt f, 修饰不可数名词, 其短语作主语时, 谓语动词用单数; (large )amunts f 修饰不可数名词, 其短语作主语时, 谓语动词通常用复数。
〖即境运用〗1.A large amunt f mney _____ spent n bks.(be)2. Large amunts f mney _____ spent n bks.(be)
所谓意义一致原则是指谓语动词和主语一致不是取决于主语的语法形式, 而是其实际意义。有的主语名词在形式上是单数, 但在意义上却是复数；有的主语名词在形式上是复数, 但在意义上却是单数。如：Cattle eat grass. 牛吃草。 The plice were called in. 警察被召来了。
(1) and连接两个名词一起作主语时，谓语动词一般用_______。但是，当两个名词表示同一人、同一事物、同一概念或一个完整的东西时(其特征是and后的名词前无任何冠词)，谓语动词应用______。
〖即境运用〗1.He and she _____(be) bth students f this schl. 2.The singer and dancer____(be) ging t give us a perfrmance. 3.The knife and frk ____(be) n the table.
(2) 如果主语是不定式, 动词ing形式或主语从句的时候,谓语动词一般用_______。〖即境运用〗1.When he is cming ______ (seem) very imprtant. 2.Cllecting stamps ____ (be) his hbby. 3.T lve her _____(be) nt t break her wings. 爱她就不该折断她自由飞翔的翅膀。
(3). 集合名词作主语, 动词可用单数, 也可以用复数。主要由句子的意思决定。强调整体谓语动词用____；指全体人员时, 动词则用_____。这一类常见的集合名词有public, family, class, crwd, ppulatin, team, grup。
〖即境运用〗1.My family____all fnd f ging t the cinema. 我全家都爱看电影。2.The family _____ rather big, with twelve peple in all. 这个家庭很大, 总共有12个人。
(4)由两个部分构成一个整体的物品名词做主语，如shes, glasses, bts, scks, scissrs, cmpasses, trusers, shrts等, 谓语通常用____,但当被a pair f 修饰时, 谓语动词用______.
〖即境运用〗1.The shes _____ (be)wrn ut. 2.The pair f shes _____ (be)wrn ut.
(5)某些名词以s结尾如maths, plitics, physics, news, plastics 等，谓语动词应用单数。
Physics is a very interesting subject.
〖即境运用〗 1.物理是一门很有趣的学科。2.数学深受学生的们的欢迎。
Maths is ppular with the students.
(6)书刊名、时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的复数名词作主语时, 谓语动词常用_____。
〖即境运用〗1.Thirty dllars ____ t high a price fr the bk.（be）2.Anther 10 years______ passed since he left. (have)3.Fifteen miles _____ like a lng walk t me. (seem)
(7) every... and every ...; each ... and each ...; n ... and n ... 在以上短语中and连接的单数名词, 整个短语在句中作主语时, 谓语动词常使用单数。
1.班级中的每个男孩女孩都很用功。2.没有任何声音被听到。
Every by and every girl in the class is diligent.
N sund and n vice is heard.
(8) what, such引导一个句子时，谓语动词常与其后作表语的名词一致。〖即境运用〗1.What yu said ___ f great imprtance.(be) 2.What yu left ____ nly several ld bks.(be) 3.Such ____ ur plan.(be) 4.Such _____ his wrds.(be)
(9) 如果主语由“the + 形容词(或过去分词)”结构担任时,表示“一类人”,谓语通常用_____;这类词有: ,the rich, the blind, the yung, the ld, the injured, the wunded, the unemplyed等。
〖即境运用〗1.盲人在特殊学校学习。2.在车祸中受伤的人必须立即被送去医院。
The blind study in the special schl.
The injured have t be sent t the hspital at nce.
(10) means(方法手段)，wrks(工厂)，sheep, fish, aircraft(飞机)等单复数同形的名词作主语时, 采用意义一致的原则：指一种方法或一家工厂时, 谓语动词用单数, 否则用复数。
〖即境运用〗1.Every pssible means _____(have) been tried t slved the prblem. 为了解决这个问题，每种可能的方法都试过了2.All means _______(have) been tried. 所有的方法都试过了
所谓就近原则，即谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。 注意：either ... r; neither ... nr; nt nly ... but als, 在句子中连接主语的时候或者在there be句型中,谓语动词要和就近的主语保持一致。
〖即境运用〗1.Neither yu nr I ____ （be）wrng. 2.There _____（be） a cup f tea and sme apples n the nly the students but als the teacher ______ (wish) fr a hliday.
Being t anxius t help an event develp ften __________ (result) in the cntrary t ur intentin. He _____________ (pretend) that a tiger ty was real and giving it a vice.3. “Yur father has at last decided t stp smking,” Jane ________ (infrm).
was pretending
was infrmed
1. Either yu r the headmaster __ (be) t hand ut the prizes t thse gifted students at the meeting.
1. 谓语与the headmaster一致，故be用第三人称单数is, “be + t d”表示安排好的事。
2. The teacher, with 6 girls and 8 bys f her class, ____________(visit) a museum when the earthquake struck.
2. 谓语与the teacher一致，又根据惯用句型结构was /were 可知，用过去进行时态。
was visiting
3. Tw fifths f the land in that district ___(be) cvered with trees and grass.
3. 谓语与the land一致，用单数。
4. Nwadays, a large number f wmen, especially thse frm the cuntryside, _____ (wrk) in the clthing industry.
4. 因a large number f(许多)短语作主语，谓语用复数；由nwadays可知，用一般现在时。
5. With mre frests being destryed, huge quantities f gd earth ______________ (wash) away each year.
5. 因qualities f作主语, 谓语用复数；又需要用被动式，指近些年或近阶段正在发生的事，用现在进行时。
are being washed
6. He is the nly ne f the students wh _________(be) a winner f schlarship fr three years. 谓语应与the nly ne一致，又由fr three years可知用完成时。7. Every pssible means _____________(use) t prevent the air pllutin, but the sky is still nt clear. 由every可知means是单数, 由语境可知用完成时。
have been used
8. When and where t g fr the n-salary hliday _________________ (nt, decide) yet.不定式作主语，谓语用单数；由yet可知用完成时。9. She has set a new recrd, that is, the sales f her latest bk _____________(reach) 50 millin. 主语是复数sales；又由前句的has set可知用现在完成时态。
has nt been decided
have reached
10. Prfessr Smith, alng with his assistants, ___________(wrk) n the prject day and night t meet the deadline.
10. 主语Prfessr Smith是单数，又由语境可知用现在进行时。
It was astnishing that Hans 1 _________(find) dead alne at 9 ’clck n Sunday evening in his study tw days befre his 60-year-ld birthday. The famus writer and phtgrapher 2 ______ (see) in public at the press cnference fr the last time, saying his family 3 _____________(arrange) a big birthday party fr him and his ex-wife as well as all f his gd friends 4 _____(be) ging t attend his party. Hw he died 5 _____(be) a mystery.
were arranging
T find ut the reasn f his death, the plice 6 _________(call) t cme immediately t the spt. The plice fund in the study there 7 _____(be) a handbag and tw new bks that 8 _________ (say) nt t belng t him. Each family member and each servant 9 ___________(ask) what they 10 ____________(d) between 7:00 and 9:00. Accrding t their testimny(证词), bth his wife and his mther 11 ______________(watch) TV in the sitting-rm while his father was reading newspaper in his bedrm.
were called
were watching
Running a supermarket 100 kilmeters away 12 _____(be) his nly sn’s jb s he was staying there during that time. Althugh 100 kilmeters 13 _____(be) nt a lng distance, he seldm went hme. His daughter-in-law alng with his tw daughters 14 ____________(shp). Neither tw female servants nr the male servant 15 ____(be) at hme because all f them 16 _________(send) t the villa t help prepare the party. A further investigatin was ging t be carried ut.
was shpping
were sent
四、写作运用——翻译下列句子。1.这里三分之一的人口是工人。One third f the ppulatin here were wrkers.2.又聋有哑很难与人交流。Being deaf and dumb makes cmmunicatin difficult. 3.受伤的人都被送进了医院。The injured were take t the hspital.
4.到目前为止，这个海里大量的水已经被污染。A large quantity f water in the sea has been plluted s far.5.每一种方法都已经被尝试过了，我们还是救不了他。Every means has been tried but we can't save him.6.老师和同学们在讨论问题。（with）The teacher with his students is discussing questins.