天津市河东区2021届高三第二次模拟测试英语试题 Word版含解析

这是一份天津市河东区2021届高三第二次模拟测试英语试题 Word版含解析，共28页。

2021年河东区高考第二次模拟考试
英语试卷
本试卷分为第I卷(选择题)、第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分,共130分,考试时间100分钟。第I卷1至8页,第I卷9至10页。答题时,将第I卷的答案填涂在答题纸上,将第Ⅱ卷答案填写在答题纸上。祝各位考生考试顺利!
第I卷(选择题 共95分)
注意事项：
1.答第I卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用2B铅笔涂写在答题纸上。
2.选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题纸上的对应题目的答案涂黑。
第一部分：英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)
第一节：单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
从A、B、C. D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
1. 一When are you leaving?
一I don't know. The work is still on.
A. That's OK B. Never mind
C. It depends D. It doesn't matter
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查短语辨析。句意：—你什么时候动身?—我不知道。工作还在进行中。A. That's OK没关系；B. Never mind不要紧；C. It depends看情况而定；D. It doesn't matter没关系。由语意可知，到底什么时候能离开，由于工作还在继续，所以还不确定，要根据情况而定。故选C项。
2. You'd better pay your loan on time, as late payments may affect your ________ .
A. condition B. credit C. income D. status
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你最好按时还贷，因为逾期还款可能影响你的信誉。condition状况；credit信誉；income收入；status地位。根据常识可知，逾期还款影响信誉。故选B。
3. —You've done a good job.
—Yes. It ________ us a whole month to finish it.
A. takes B. has taken C. took D. was taking
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——你们做的很棒。——是的。那花了我们整整一个月的时间才完成。根据句意可知，对话中所说的工作已经完成了，所以花时间是在过去，要用一般过去时。故选C项。
4. For little children at the early age, these big questions may seem________ difficult.
A. rather B. hardly C. nearly D. seldom
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查副词辨析。句意：对于年幼的孩子来说，这些大问题似乎相当困难。A. rather相当；B. hardly几乎不；C. nearly几乎；D. seldom很少。根据句意可知，此处修饰形容词difficult，意为“相当”。故选A项。
5. It was already past midnight and only three young men ________ in the tea house.
A. left B. remained C. delayed D. deserted
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：早已过了半夜，仅有3位年轻人还留在茶房。A. left离开，留下；B. remained依然，留下；C. delayed推迟；D. deserted遗弃。分析可知，本题考查remain作系动词的用法，remain作系动词时后可跟名词、介词短语、现在分词、过去分词，不定式的被动式作表语。故选B。
6. The biologist________ a lot of difficulties while she stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 20 years.
A. may go through
B. might go through
C. ought to have gone through
D. must have gone through
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：这位生物学家在非洲研究野生动物20年时，一定经历了很多困难。通过上下文可知空格处应填“她一定经历了很多困难”，表示对过去情况的肯定推测用must have done形式。故选D。
7. —________ for the glass!
—It's OK. I'm wearing shoes.
A. Look out B. Walk out C. Go out D. Set out
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：——当心玻璃！——没关系。我穿鞋子了。A. Look out当心；B. Walk out罢工；C. Go out熄灭；D. Set out出发。根据句意可知，此处意为“当心……”，为固定短语look out for sth.。故选A项。
8. I think you've got to the point________ a change is needed, otherwise you'll fail.
A. when B. where C. that D. which
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我认为你已经到了需要改变的地步，否则你会失败的。分析可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰的先行词为地点名词the point，且引导词在从句中做地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故选B项。
9. ―Your job __________ open for your return.
―Thanks.
A. will be kept B. will keep
C. had kept D. had been kept
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：——你的工作将保留到你归来的时候。——谢谢。根据后文for your return可推知，句子用将来时态，主语与谓语动词是被动关系，应用一般将来时的被动语态。故选A。
10. — English has a large vocabulary, hasn’t it?
—Yes. ____ more words and expressions, and you will find it easier to read and communicate.
A. Known B. Knowing C. To know D. Know
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查祈使句+and句型。句意：——英语的词汇量很大，不是吗？——是的。掌握更多的词汇和短语，你将会发现阅读和交流变得很容易。祈使句+and+含将来时的句子，该句型表示条件，相当于if条件句，原句可改写为If you know more..., you will find it...，故选D。

11. The manager has brought up his opinion that if they make___ most of the modern equipment there will be________ rise in production.
A. 不填;不填 B. the; a C. 不填; a D. the;不填
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查冠词。句意：经理提出了他的意见：如果他们充分利用现代化设备，就会增产。分析可知，表示“充分利用”为固定短语make the most of，所以第一空为定冠词the；rise在此处意为“（产量的）增加”，是可数名词，且表示单数，所以用不定冠词a。故选B项。
12. —What are you going to do this afternoon?
—I'll probably go for a walk later on＿＿＿it stays fine．
A. as far as B. so long as
C. even if D. as if
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查条件状语从句。句意：——你今天下午要去干什么呢？——只要天气好，我可能稍晚些的时候去散步。A. as far as远到，和……一样远；B. so long as只要；C. even if即使；D. as if仿佛。根据句意可知，后句表示前句的一种条件。故选B。
13. 一Which job do you think I should take, the counter's job or the waiter's job?
一________.
A. That's all right B. It's your matter
C. It's up to you D. It's none of my business
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——你认为我应该做什么工作，柜台的工作还是服务员的工作？——由你决定。A. That's all right没关系；B. It's your matter这是你的问题；C. It's up to you由你决定；D. It's none of my business不关我的事。根据社交常识，当别人向你寻求建议时，应该真诚地给出建议或者委婉地拒绝，分析可知，只有C选项符合正常的社交礼仪。故选C项。
14. Lots of empty bottles were found under the poor old man's bed. He must have done nothing but________.
A. drink B. to drink C. drinking D. drunk
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查动词原形。句意：在那位可怜的老人的床下发现了许多空瓶子。他一定是喝多了。do nothing but do sth.意为“除了……什么也没有做”。but 后面有时接带to的动词不定式，有时接动词原形（不带to的动词不定式）。当句子前面有do时，but后面跟动词原形，当句子前面没有do时，but后面跟的动词通常不省略to。故选A项。
15. Elephants have their own way to tell the shape of an object and________ it is rough or smooth.
A. who B. whether C. bow D. what
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：大象有它们自己的方式来辨别物体的形状和是否粗糙或光滑。动词tell后面接两个宾语，一个是宾语the shape of an object，一个是宾语从句________ it is rough or smooth，结合or可知，此处表示“无论是……还是……”，所以用whether…or…引导宾语从句。故选B项。
第二节：完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分.满分30分)
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从16-35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
For hours after their boat sank, Ken Henderson and Ed Coen trod (踩) water in the Gulf of Mexico, talking about life and death while___16___to survive. For more than 30 hours, it worked.
Then Henderson was forced to make a decision that would___17___his life, but not his best friend's. “I'm going to go for help or you're not going to make it” Henderson told Coen, just before cutting the strap (带子) that___18___them in the deep, cold waters. “I understand,” Coen responded, giving Henderson a___19___ set of instructions. “Kiss the babies for me.”
Days after the___20___trip ended in tragedy, Henderson told the tale to the press.
They had been fishing for a few hours when suddenly Coen ___21___the boat was filled with water. Henderson got the engine roaring- only to have the salt water that had leaked in ___22___it straight away. Coen jumped to the right, his sunglasses and cap ___23___. The two grabbed extra life jackets and other floating items, including a half-full bottle of cola.
“The water was so cold and it took your breath away,” Henderson said. They immediately began to___24___.
The pair prepared for a long wait. And they talked.
“We discussed things and discussed life. We discussed families. We just tried to keep ____25____,” Henderson said.
Eventually Coen started hallucinating (产生幻觉). Henderson tried to keep Coen's arms and legs____26____ But as morning came, Coen's situation____27____. So Henderson decided to cut the strap.
He ____28____for two hours, tired, frustrated and depressed. Then he saw an oil rig(钻塔) in the,____29____. He swam, seeing ice and crystal trees in the water. He minded himself ____30____there were no trees.
His legs were so weak that he could ____31____lift them, and Henderson slowly pulled himself up the rig's ladder. It was over 50 miles from where they had gone in the water.
All he could think of was Coen. Convinced his friend would____32____, he told the coastguard where they had____33____.
Two hours later, a fisherman found a body in life jacket.
Later, in the hospital, Henderson saw his____34____. He apologized and asked for forgiveness. He ____35____to realise his wishes and look after his girls.
“I felt like a part of me had died out there,” Henderson said.
16. A. struggling B. developing C. watching D. encouraging
17. A. treat B. forget C. ignore D. save
18. A. separated B. connected C. reported D. memorized
19 A. first B. cool C. last D. cold
20. A. business B. fishing C. diving D. exploring
21. A. pretended B. questioned C. learned D. noticed.
22. A. break B. take C. bring D. catch
23. A. going off B. flying off C. taking off D. switching off
24. A. sink B. laugh C. sleep D. shiver
25. A. removed B. satisfied C. occupied D. moved
26. A. walking B. moving C. running D. rushing
27. A. worsened B. lessened C. shortened D. widened
28. A. torn B. cried C. swam D. drove
29. A. light B. dark C. dream D. distance
30. A. confidently B. terribly C. honestly D. constantly
31. A. barely B. easily C. carelessly D. uselessly
32. A. arrive B. survive C. achieve D. relieve
33 A. come B. turned C. risen D. parted
34. A. stranger B. captain C. friend D. visitor
35. A. protected B. promised C. prevented D. asked
【答案】16. A 17. D 18. B 19. C 20. B 21. D 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Ken Henderson和Ed Coen在海上钓鱼时船沉了，他们勉强支撑到了早上，Coen的情况开始恶化，于是Henderson决定割断绳子去寻求帮助，最终Coen没能存活，Henderson答应帮助照顾他的女儿们。
【16题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：沉船后的几个小时，Ken Henderson和Ed Coen在墨西哥湾踩水，一边挣扎着求生，一边谈论着生死。A. struggling挣扎；B. developing发展；C. watching观看；D. encouraging鼓励。根据上文“For hours after their boat sank, Ken Henderson and Ed Coen trod water in the Gulf of Mexico”可知他们的船沉了，所以是在挣扎着求生。故选A。
【17题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后Henderson被迫做了一个决定，这个决定挽救了他自己的生命，而不是他最好朋友的生命。A. treat治疗；B. forget忘记；C. ignore忽视；D. save拯救。根据后文“his life”以及后文Henderson获救，可知此处指这个决定挽救了Henderson的生命。故选D。
【18题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Henderson在他把他们连接在冰冷的深水里的带子剪断之前，告诉Coen“我要去寻求帮助，否则你就活不下去了”。A. separated分开；B. connected连接；C. reported报告；D. memorized记忆。根据上文“just before cutting the strap that”可知这条带子把他们连接在一起。故选B。
【19题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我明白了，” Coen回答，给了Henderson最后一套指示。A. first第一；B. cool凉爽的；C. last最后的；D. cold寒冷的。上文提到Henderson要离开朋友去寻找帮助了，所以Coen给了他最后一套指示。故选C。
【20题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那次钓鱼之旅以悲剧告终几天后，Henderson把这件事告诉了媒体。A. business生意；B. fishing钓鱼；C. diving驾驶；D. exploring探索。呼应后文“They had been fishing for a few hours when suddenly”指他们本来是去钓鱼的。故选B。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们钓了几个小时鱼，突然Coen发现船装满了水。A. pretended假装；B. questioned质疑；C. learned学习；D. noticed注意到。根据后文“the boat was filled with water”指Coen发现注意到船装满了水。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Henderson让引擎轰鸣——结果却让漏进来的海水立刻把它冲坏了。A. break打破；B. take带走；C. bring带来；D. catch抓住。根据上文“have the salt water that had leaked in”可知Henderson让引擎轰鸣——结果却让海水立刻漏了出来，将船立即冲破了。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：Coen跳到右边，他的太阳镜和帽子飞了出去。A. going off离开；B. flying off飞出；C. taking off起飞；D. switching off关闭。根据上文“Coen jumped to the right, his sunglasses and cap”可知Coen动作迅速，跳到了右边，太阳镜和帽子因为动作太快所以飞了出去。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们立刻开始发抖。A. sink下沉；B. laugh笑；C. sleep睡觉；D. shiver颤抖。根据上文“The water was so cold”可知水很冷，所以他们开始发抖。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们只是想保持忙碌。A. removed远离的；B. satisfied满意的；C. occupied无空闲的；D. moved感动的。根据上文“We discussed things and discussed life. We discussed families.”可知两人在冰冷的海水里，为了保持清醒不停地说话，想让自己忙起来，免得失去意识。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Henderson试图让Coen的胳膊和腿保持移动。A. walking散步；B. moving移动；C. running奔跑；D. rushing急忙。根据上文“Eventually Coen started hallucinating. Henderson tried to keep Coen's arms and legs”可知Coen情况恶化，所以Henderson试图让Coen的胳膊和腿在冰冷的海水里保持移动。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但到了早上，Coen的情况恶化了。A. worsened恶化；B. lessened减少；C. shortened缩短；D. widened扩宽。呼应第二段中“I'm going to go for help or you're not going to make it”Coen快要撑不下去了，所以Henderson去寻求帮助，因为他情况恶化了。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他游了两个小时，疲倦且沮丧。A. torn撕开；B. cried哭泣；C. swam游泳；D. drove驾驶。呼应后文“He swam”指在海里游泳。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后他看到远处有一个石油钻塔。A. light光线；B. dark黑暗；C. dream梦想；D. distance距离。根据上文“Then he saw an oil rig in the”可知表示“在远处”短语为in the distance。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他不断地提醒自己没有树。A. confidently自信地；B. terribly可怕地；C. honestly诚实地；D. constantly不断地。根据上文“He swam, seeing ice and crystal trees in the water. He minded himself”可知Henderson在海上出现了幻觉，所以是不断地提醒自己没有树。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他的腿虚弱得几乎不能抬起，Henderson慢慢地把自己拉上了钻塔的梯子。A. barely几乎不，仅仅；B. easily容易地；C. carelessly粗心地；D. uselessly无用地。根据上文“His legs were so weak that he could”可知Henderson长时间体力消耗，现在他的腿虚弱得几乎不能抬起，barely符合语境。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他确信他的朋友会活下来，于是告诉了海岸警卫队他们分别的地点。A. arrive到达；B. survive存活；C. achieve实现；D. relieve解除。根据后文“he told the coastguard where they had”他让海岸警卫队去找Coen，是因为他确信他的朋友会活下来。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他确信他的朋友会活下来，于是告诉了海岸警卫队他们分别的地点。A. come来到；B. turned变成；C. risen升高；D. parted分开。根据上文可知Henderson为了寻求帮助，独自离开了Coen，所以这里是指告诉海岸警卫队他们分别的地点。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，Henderson在医院里见到了他的朋友。A. stranger陌生人；B. captain队长；C. friend朋友；D. visitor参观者。根据上文“Two hours later, a fisherman found a body in life jacket.”可知Coen没能活下来，所以Henderson在医院里见到了他的朋友。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他答应实现他的愿望，照顾他的女儿们。A. protected保护；B. promised承诺；C. prevented阻止；D. asked询问。根据后文“to realise his wishes and look after his girls”指答应实现Coen的愿望，照顾他的女儿们。故选B。
第二部分:阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2.5分,满分50分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Teens love to socialize, and these websites give them a chance to do that while playing games,exploring virtual (虚拟的) worlds and taking quizzes. Of course, teens also need to be safe online and report any cyber bullies (网络欺凌).
Instagram
Instagram allows teens to upload photos of their daily life and share them with friends. They say that a picture is worth a thousand words, and that must be true because Instagram has around 300 million users who are active each month. The platform is all about photos with short captions
(说明文字).
When it comes to Instagram's users, 53 percent of them are aged 18-29, but a big percentage of those may be even younger and simply list their age as 18 in order to use the platform.
Habbo Hotel
Habbo Hotel is a place for teens to chat. Each ten reeves a personal room to decorate with virtual objects. They can also dress their avatar (网络头像) in virtual clothes or create games to play with friends. The room might have music, be set up like a classroom, or have other features so different avatars can visit one another. Bach room tens can interact in has an adult moderator (管理员) to make sure it stays safe.
Fanlala
Fanlala is a social network that gives tens who love celebrities, music and TV shows a place to interact. Through it, a user can get the latest news and gossip on their favorite shows, as well as take quizzes and polls to test their knowledge. Teens can set up their own profile on Fanlala and interact with other users.
Teen Chat
Teen Chat is a place for teens to interact with one another through forums according to their interests. For example, there ate chat rooms for those who love anime (动漫) and for those who've just started college. There are also chat rooms for things like music, games and sports. The platform offers a“Friend Finder'" tool that will help tens search for people who live locally to them.
36. What makes Instagram different from other sites listed in the passage?
A. It's a great place for people to share photos.
B. The majority of its users are in their 20s.
C. It has the largest number of users.
D. Only those above 18 normally use it
37. Which site allows its users to create their own character and design a virtual room for it?
A. Instagram. B. Habbo Hotel.
C. Fanlala. D. Teen Chat.
38. What can you acquire from Fanlala?
A. Game skills. B. Sports knowledge.
C. Anime videos. D. Entertainment news.
39. What would be the best title for the passage?
A. Tips on Online Chatting
B. Sites for Socializing
C. Free Chat Rooms for Everyone
D. How to Fight Cyber Bullying
40. What does the underlined part“a picture is worth a thousand words" probably mean?
A. There are a thousand words in a picture.
B. There are various colors in a picture.
C. A picture is more meaningful.
D. The picture is not attractive.
【答案】36. A 37. B 38. D 39. B 40. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几个青少年社交网站。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据Instagram部分的“Instagram allows teens to upload photos of their daily life and share them with friends.（Instagram允许青少年上传自己的日常生活照片，并与朋友分享。）”可知，Instagram是人们分享照片的好地方，这是它区别于其他网站的地方。故选A项。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据Habbo Hotel部分的“Each ten reeves a personal room to decorate with virtual objects. They can also dress their avatar (网络头像) in virtual clothes or create games to play with friends.（每十个房间里都有一个私人房间，用来装饰虚拟物品。他们还可以给自己的角色穿上虚拟的衣服，或者创造游戏与朋友一起玩。）”可知，Habbo Hotel允许用户创建自己的角色并为其设计一个虚拟房间。故选B项。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据Fanlala部分的“Fanlala is a social network that gives tens who love celebrities, music and TV shows a place to interact. Through it, a user can get the latest news and gossip on their favorite shows, as well as take quizzes and polls to test their knowledge.（Fanlala是一个社交网站，为喜爱名人、音乐和电视节目的人提供一个互动的地方。通过它，用户可以获得他们最喜欢的节目的最新新闻和八卦，以及进行测验和投票来测试他们的知识。）”可知，从Fanlala上可以获得娱乐新闻。故选D项。
【39题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Teens love to socialize, and these websites give them a chance to do that while playing games, exploring virtual (虚拟的) worlds and taking quizzes.（青少年喜欢社交，这些网站给了他们玩游戏、探索虚拟世界和做测验的机会。）”及其下文内容可知，文章主要介绍了几个青少年社交网站，所以B选项“Sites for Socializing（可供社交的网站）”概括了文章内容，适合作为文章标题。故选B项。
【40题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线句的前一句“Instagram allows teens to upload photos of their daily life and share them with friends.（Instagram允许青少年上传自己的日常生活照片，并与朋友分享。）”和下文“and that must be true because Instagram has around 300 million users who are active each month.（这肯定是真的，因为Instagram每个月有大约3亿活跃用户。）”可知，Instagram是人们分享照片的好地方，所以可以推断，人们相信分享照片是有意义的。因此划线句“a picture is worth a thousand words（一图胜千言）”意思应该是图片是更有意义的。故选C项。
B
My son Leon's passion for surfing began at the age of 13. Before and after school each day, he put on his wetsuit, picked up his companion, swam out beyond the surf line and waited to be challenged by his three-to-six foot friends.
One afternoon, the lifeguard reported over the phone to my husband Wilson that Leon's eye was badly injured by his board.
Wilson rushed him to the emergency room. He received 26 stitches from the corner of his eye to the bridge of his nose.
I was on an airplane flying home from a speaking engagement while Leon's eye was being stitched. Wilson drove directly to the airport after they left doctor's office. He greeted me at the gate and told me Leon was waiting in the car.
“Leon?I questioned. I remember thinking the waves must have been bad that day.
“He's been in an accident, but he's going to be fine.”
A travelling working mother's worst nightmare had come true. I ran to the car so fast that the heel of my shoe broke of. I swung open the door to see that my youngest son had a patch over his eye and was leaning toward me crying,“Oh,Ma,I'm so glad you're home.”
I cried in his arms telling him how awful I felt about not being there when the life 'guard called.
“It's okay, Mom," he comforted me.“You don't know how to surf anyway.”
“What?”I asked, confused by his logic.
“I'll be fine. The doctor says I can go back in the water in eight days.”
I wanted to tell him he wasn't allowed to go near water again until he was 35; but instead, I bit my tongue and hoped he would forget about surfing.
For the next seven days, he kept pressing me to let him surf again. One day: after I had repeated“No”to him for 100 time, he beat me at my own game.
“Mom, you taught us never to give up what we love.”
I gave in.
Back then, Leon was just a boy with a passion for surfing. Now he's a man with a passion for surfing. And he's a man with a responsibility. He ranks among the top 25 professional surfers in the world.
Passionate people embrace what they love and never give up.
41. How did the author feel when she arrived at the airport?
A. Angry. B. Puzzled.
C. Hopeless D. Concerned
42. After being injured, Leon________.
A. still held onto his dream
B. felt like he'd been through a nightmare
C. decided to follow his mother's advice
D. was sad about not being able to surf any longer
43. Which of the following words can best describe Leon?
A. Brave and optimistic.
B. Optimistic and reliable.
C. Passionate and determined.
D. Responsible and humorous.
44. What is the author's attitude towards his son's surfing after his injury?
A. She encouraged his son all the time.
B. She disagreed first and at last gave in.
C. She was worried and comforted his son.
D. She didn't agree the doctor's advice.
45. What message does the author want to convey through the story?
A. Surfing is dangerous for beginners.
B. Hard work always pays off.
C. Parents are always concerned with children's safety.
D. We should stick to our passions no matter what happens.
【答案】41. D 42. A 43. C 44. B 45. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者的儿子非常喜欢冲浪，在一次受伤后，作者决定不让儿子再去冲浪，但儿子对踏浪充满了激情和热爱，最终作者被儿子说服了，儿子后来成了冲浪高手。
【41题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“ ‘Leon?’ I questioned. I remember thinking the waves must have been bad that day. （“里昂吗? ”我质疑。我记得那天海浪一定很厉害。）”可知，作者在听到丈夫说儿子在车里等着呢，表示很关心。故选D项。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第四至倒数第三段内容“For the next 7 days he kept pressing me to let him surf again. One day after I had repeated “No” to him for the 100th time, he beat me at my own game. “Mom, you taught us never to give up what we love,” he said. And I gave in. （在接下来的七天里，他不断地催促我让他再去冲浪。一天，在我对他重复了100次“不”后，他在我自己的游戏中打败了我。“妈妈，您教导我们永远不要放弃我们所爱的。”（妈妈）屈服了。）”可知，儿子一直在坚持要去冲浪，最后，作者被儿子说服了。由此可知，儿子受伤后依然坚持自己的梦想。故选A。
【43题详解】
推理判断题。根据上文提到Leon受伤后依然坚持自己的梦想，以及根据最后一段内容 “Back then, Leon was just a boy with a passion for surfing. Now he's a man with a passion for surfing. And he's a man with a responsibility. He ranks among the top 25 professional surfers in the world. Passionate people embrace what they love and never give up.（那时候，里昂只是一个热爱冲浪的男孩。现在他是一个对冲浪充满热情的人。他是个有责任感的人。他是世界上排名前25的职业冲浪运动员之一。热情的人拥抱他们所爱的东西，永不放弃。）”可推测出作者对儿子Leon的评价是一个意志坚定，充满激情的人。故选C项。
【44题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第四至倒数第三段内容“For the next 7 days he kept pressing me to let him surf again. One day after I had repeated “No” to him for the 100th time, he beat me at my own game. “Mom, you taught us never to give up what we love,” he said. And I gave in.（在接下来的七天里，他不断地催促我让他再去冲浪。一天，在我对他重复了100次“不”后，他在我自己的游戏中打败了我。“妈妈，您教导我们永远不要放弃我们所爱的。”（妈妈）屈服了。）”可知，儿子一直在坚持要去冲浪，我们也可以判断出妈妈起初不同意儿子再去冲浪，后来屈服了。故选B项。
【45题详解】
推理判断题。最后一段的“Passionate people stick to what they love and never give up.（热情的人拥抱他们所爱的东西，永不放弃。）”可知，作者通过这篇文章想要告诉我们不管发生什么事，我们都应该坚持自己的激情。故选D项。
C
The concept of sharing goods and services with your community as a means of economic transaction is ancient. But thanks to the Internet, the concept now has global scale at the click of a button. It's called the sharing economy. As its most basic, the sharing economy, also known as the collaborative or peer-to-peer economy, is about connecting individuals with resources to others that want them. It often works through lending or borrowing but can also involve the financial transaction of goods of services.
“While the concept of sharing economy has been round for some time, the coming of apps and smart phone technology means that it's easier for individuals to participate in peer-to-peer sharing transactions in real time.
There are many reasons why people participate in the sharing economy, but here are some of the biggest ones:
Finding temporary accommodation while traveling can be stressful — especially if you're looking for something on short notice. Thanks to the sharing economy, there are a few popular services that connect people looking to rent out their apartment or home with travelers for a day or two.
Everyone, who's ever driven in a major city knows that finding parking can be a real pain.Limited parking spaces and higher fees have contributed to tech-based services that can help you find, and even reserve available parking space. Whether you're pressed for time or need to find somewhere to leave the car for a day or two while visiting an unfamiliar city, parking is one more headache. The sharing economy is helping alleviate it.
For pet owners, leaving town on vacation can be a stressful experience. Finding a dog sitter on short notice can be a problem, and leaving your pet at a kennel (犬舍) might leave you worried about their well-being when you should be relaxed. Luckily, a little tech-inspired collaboration can
offer an elegant solution. Partnering pet owners with willing hosts can give your dog a vacation of their own, with plenty of TLC — “tender loving care”and space to roam (漫步) in the home of a fellow pet lover.
Now it is true that apps empower (授权) you to exchange a variety of items with people from all over. Whether it's a bike, some tools you need for a project, or anything in between, collaborative economies make it easier to access the things you need without cash.
46. What do we know about the sharing economy from the first two paragraphs?
A. The sharing economy has been around since ancient times.
B. The sharing economy is brought by the coming of apps and smart phone technology.
C. The sharing economy only involves the financial transaction of goods or services.
D. The sharing economy is about connecting those with resources to those in need.
47. How can the sharing economy help people find temporary accommodation while traveling?
A. By checking the information on short notice.
B By giving people many useful information.
C. By offering those in need some popular service.
D. By finding people who want to rent out their home.
48. What does the underlined word “alleviate” in paragraph 5 mean?
A. Cure. B. Remove. C. Disappear. D. Relieve.
49. What is probably the author's attitude towards the sharing economy?
A. Neutral. B. Positive. C. Negative. D. Indifferent.
50. Which of the following is not the example of people participating in the sharing economy?
A. Going to work by car sharing through some apps.
B. Reserving an available partaking space before driving to a major city.
C. Making a little tech inspired collaboration for pets.
D. Buying food in the supermarkets and paying in cash.
【答案】46. D 47. C 48. D 49. B 50. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述共享经济的概念以及人们参与共享经济的原因。
【46题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“As its most basic, the sharing economy, also known as the collaborative or peer-to-peer economy,is about connecting individuals with resources to others that want them.(共享经济是最基本的经济形式，也被称为协作或对等经济，它将拥有资源的人与需要资源的人联系起来)”可知，共享经济就是将拥有资源的人和需要资源的人联系起来。故选D项。
【47题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Thanks to the sharing economy, there are a few popular services that connect people looking to rent out their apartment or home with travelers for a day or two.(多亏了共享经济，现在有了一些流行的服务，将那些想要将公寓或房屋出租给旅行者的人联系在一起，提供一两天的时间)”可知，共享经济通过提供一些受欢迎的服务帮助人们在旅行中找到临时住处。故选C项。
【48题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句的前一句“Whether you're pressed for time or need to find somewhere to leave the car for a day or two while visiting an unfamiliar city, parking is one more headache.(在一个不熟悉的城市，无论你是时间紧迫，还是需要找个地方把车停一两天，停车都是另一个令人头疼的问题)”可知，在一个不熟悉的城市停车是一个令人头疼的问题。划线词所在句“The sharing economy is helping alleviate it.(共享经济正在帮助alleviate这种情况)”中的helping说明共享经济可以帮助解决这一问题，所以可以推断此处alleviate意为“缓解、解决”，D选项relieve意为“缓解”，和它词义接近。A. Cure.治愈；B. Remove.移除；C. Disappear.消失。故选D项。
【49题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“There are many reasons why people participate in the sharing economy, but here are some of the biggest ones:…(人们参与共享经济的原因有很多，但以下是其中最主要的一些：……)”可知，文章大部分内容讲述的是人们参与共享经济的原因，而其中一些句子“Thanks to the sharing economy, there are a few popular services…The sharing economy is helping alleviate it.”都说明共享经济给人们带来很多方便，所以可以推断作者对共享经济是支持的态度。A. Neutral.中立的；B. Positive.肯定的；C. Negative.否定的；D. Indifferent.漠不关心的。故选B项。
【50题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“It often works through lending or borrowing but can also involve the financial transaction of goods of services.(它通常通过借贷来运作，但也可能涉及商品或服务的金融交易)”和最后一段“Whether it's a bike, some tools you need for a project, or anything in between, collaborative economies make it easier to access the things you need without cash.(无论是自行车，项目所需的工具，还是两者之间的任何东西，分享经济让你在不使用现金的情况下更容易得到你需要的东西)”可知，共享经济是通过互联网平台，并且通常是通过借贷，在不使用现金的情况下得到你需要的服务或工具。D选项“Buying food in the supermarkets and paying in cash.(在超市买食物，用现金付款)”显然是属于正常的购物，不符合分享经济。故选D项。
D
Runners who encounter visual and auditory (听觉的) distractions (分心) may be more likely to suffer leg injuries, according to a research by the Association of Academic Physiatrists in Las Vegas. Runners often seek distractions from the task at hand. Whether it is music, texting, daydreaming, taking in the sights, or propping a book up on the treadmill (跑步机), more often than not a distraction is welcome. But, researchers from the University of Florida have recently discovered that those distractions may lead to injury.
Daniel Herman, MD, PhD, assistant professor at University of Florida, and his team conducted a research on the effect of visual and auditory distractions on 14 runners to determine what effect, if any, these distractions would have on things such as heart rate, how much a runner breathes per minute, how much oxygen is consumed by the body, the speed in which runners apply force to their bodies, and the force the ground applies to the runners’ bodies when they come in contact with it.
The runners were all injury free at the time of the study and ran 31 miles each week. Dr. Herman’s team had each participant run on a treadmill three separate times. The first time was without any distractions. The second time added a visual distraction, during which the runners concatenated on a screen displaying different letters in different colors with the runners having to note when a specific letter-color combination appeared. The third time added an auditory distraction similar to the visual distraction, with the runners having to note when a particular word was spoken by a particular voice.
When compared to running without distractions, the participants had faster application of force to their left and right legs, called loading rate, with auditory and visual distractions. They also experienced a increased amount of force from the ground on both legs, called ground reaction force, with auditory distractions. Finally, the runners tended to breathe heavier and have higher heart rates with visual and auditory distractions than without any distractions at all.
“Running in environments with different distractions may unfavorably affect running performance and injury risk.” explains Dr. Herman. “Sometimes these things cannot be avoided, but you may be able to minimize potentially cumulative (累积的) effects. For example, when running a new route in a chaotic environment such as during a destination marathon, you may want to skip listening to something which may require more attention-like a new song playlist.”
Dr Herman’s team will continue to investigate the potential relationship between distracted running and leg injuries, and any effect this relationship has on different training techniques that use auditory or visual clues.
51. Which of the following actions unlikely lead to injuries while running?
A. Listening to music.
B. Reading books on a treadmill.
C. Sending messages to friends.
D. Wearing a cap.
52. Paragraph 2 tells us the research________.
A. process B. questions C. results D. reflection
53. Based on the research, runners with auditory distractions tended to________.
A. breathe beaver and have lower heart rates
B. gain a faster speed with slower loading rates
C. apply more force with less oxygen consumption
D. get an increased amount of ground reaction force
54. What can we infer from the passage?
A. Running with distractions becomes uncommon nowadays.
B. Listening to a new song while running guarantees performance.
C. Runners are advised to minimize distractions in a destination marathon.
D. Runners are more likely to get injured in an environment without distractions.
55. What is probably the next task for Dr Herman’s team?
A. What determines training techniques.
B. What effective ways can cure leg injuries.
C. Why runners use auditory and visual clues.
D. How distractions should be used in training.
【答案】51. D 52. B 53. D 54. C 55. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了研究表明，跑步时受到视听干扰，可能导致受伤。
【51题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“Whether it is music, texting, daydreaming, taking in the sights, or propping a book up on the treadmill (跑步机), more often than not a distraction is welcome. But, researchers from the University of Florida have recently discovered that those distractions may lead to injury.(无论是听音乐、发短信、做白日梦、欣赏风景，还是在跑步机上读书，通常都是一种受欢迎的消遣。但是，佛罗里达大学的研究人员最近发现，这些干扰可能会导致伤害)”可知，跑步时听音乐，发短信和在跑步机上看书都会造成伤害。D项“戴鸭舌帽”没有提及。故选D。
【52题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段的“these distractions would have on things such as heart rate, how much a runner breathes per minute, how much oxygen is consumed by the body, the speed in which runners apply force to their bodies, and the force the ground applies to the runners’ bodies when they come in contact with it.(这些干扰会影响心率、跑步者每分钟呼吸多少、身体消耗多少氧气、跑步者对身体施力的速度，以及跑步者接触地面时对身体施加的力)”可知，第二段告诉我们研究的问题。故选B。
【53题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的“They also experienced an increased amount of force from the ground on both legs, called ground reaction force, with auditory distractions.(有视听干扰，他们的两腿也经历了来自地面的增加的力量，称为地面反作用力)”可知，受到视听干扰后，双脚感受到更多的反作用力。故选D。
【54题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“Sometimes these things cannot be avoided, but you may be able to minimize potentially cumulative(累积的) effects.(有时这些事情是无法避免的，但你可以尽量减少潜在的累积效应)”可知，Dr. Herman建议跑步者把干扰最小化。故选C。
【55题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Dr Herman’s team will continue to investigate the potential relationship between distracted running and leg injuries, and any effect this relationship has on different training techniques that use auditory or visual clues.(赫尔曼博士的团队将继续研究分心跑步和腿部损伤之间的潜在关系，以及这种关系对使用视听暗示的各种训练技术的应用)”可推知，接下来文章可能将进一步研究在训练中如何使用干扰。故选D。
第Ⅱ卷(非选择题 共35 分)
注意事项:
1.用黑色墨水的钢笔或签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。
2.本卷共6小题,共35分。
第三部分：写作(共两节,满分35分)
第一节：阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
阅读下面短文,并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
Within five minutes of meeting Olivia Ports, I knew she was a special teenager. I knew before she picked up her guitar and performed a song. I knew before I found out how a condition she was born with changed her childhood. And I knew before her mother told me Olivia performed recently in front of 1200 people.
In addition to her impressive musical talents, Olivia is just so friendly, funny and grateful to those who made her first show such a success. Like all children fighting chronic (慢性的) diseases, the journey she has been on has made her stronger.
Olivia admits that she's not like many kids her age. Describing herself as “a little bit crazy”, she acts older than she is.
She was born with a compromised immune system (缺乏抵抗力的免疫系统). When she realized she would have to give up her beloved gymnastics, she picked up her mom's old high school guitar and taught herself to play. “I had to have something to do with so much time,” she said.
It was during a hospital visit that she met Classical Blast, a popular band that invited Olivia to join them as a guest performer on their annual Christmas tour. Their encouragement gave her the courage to begin playing at public events in the area, and she was soon a regular on stage. It was yet another treatment that led to her most recent passion. Recovering in her room for 15 days last Christmas, Olivia saw firsthand “how sad it can be”for children to be in hospital during the holidays. That's why this year Olivia decided to do a benefit, asking guests to bring a toy that could be taken to young patients.
Speaking of the future, the high school senior plans to head to college with the goal of opening a music school for those with health challenges. “When you fill your life with things you love,” she said, “it makes every day more meaningful.”
56. What made Qlivia learn to play the guitar? ( within 10 words)
57. In which way is Olivia special? Give one example. (within 20 words)
58. What's the meaning of the underlined word “benefit” ? (within 5 words)
59. What does the passage mainly about? (within 10 words)
60. In your opinion, how do you make life meaningful? (within 15 words)
【答案】56. Realizing she would have to give up her beloved gymnastics./Her chronic disease./Her poor health./Having something to do to spend time.
57. She was born with a chronic disease, but she tries to do something for others./She is unhealthy, but she learns to play music to help others./She is in poor health, but she tries her best to make life meaningful.
58. Charity performance./Charity concert.
59. A girl who makes life more meaningful/A girl with strong will/A girl with music dream.
60. Open. Eg. When we fill our life with things we love./When we are doing something for the society./When we help people in need. /When we prepare ourselves for the future.
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述高中女孩Olivia Ports因为生来免疫系统就有缺陷而放弃了心爱的体操，但是她没有放弃对生活的热情，学习弹吉他并且尽自己所能去帮助别人。
【56题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第四段“She was born with a compromised immune system (缺乏抵抗力的免疫系统). When she realized she would have to give up her beloved gymnastics, she picked up her mom's old high school guitar and taught herself to play. “I had to have something to do with so much time,” she said.（她生来免疫系统就有缺陷。当她意识到她将不得不放弃心爱的体操时，她拿起了妈妈高中时用过的吉他，自学弹奏。“这么多时间，我得做点什么，”她说。）”可知，Olivia是因为她的健康问题——生来免疫系统就有缺陷，并且意识到她将不得不放弃心爱的体操时，她开始学习吉他，她想通过弹吉他来打发时间。故答案为Realizing she would have to give up her beloved gymnastics./Her chronic disease./Her poor health./Having something to do to spend time.
【57题详解】
考查细节理解题。根据第五段“That's why this year Olivia decided to do a benefit, asking guests to bring a toy that could be taken to young patients.（这就是为什么今年Olivia决定举办一个慈善活动，要求客人们带一个可以带给年轻病人的玩具。）”和最后一段“Speaking of the future, the high school senior plans to head to college with the goal of opening a music school for those with health challenges.（ 谈到未来，这位高中毕业生计划去上大学，目标是为那些有健康问题的人开设一所音乐学校。）可知，Olivia虽然患有免疫疾病，健康很差，但她却想努力为别人做些事情，这是她的特别之处之一。又根据最后一段““When you fill your life with things you love,” she said, “it makes every day more meaningful.”（她说：“当你用自己喜欢的东西填充你的生活时，这会使每一天都更有意义。”）”可知，Olivia虽然身体不好，但她尽力让生活有意义，这也是她的不同寻常之处。故答案为She was born with a chronic disease, but she tries to do something for others./She is unhealthy, but she learns to play music to help others./She is in poor health, but she tries her best to make life meaningful.
【58题详解】
考查词句猜测。根据“That's why this year Olivia decided to do a benefit, asking guests to bring a toy that could be taken to young patients.（这就是为什么今年Olivia决定举办一个benefit，要求客人们带一个可以带给年轻病人的玩具。）”可知，asking guests to bring a toy that could be taken to young patients属于慈善活动，所以benefit此处应该是慈善活动的意思，可以用charity performance或charity concert解释这一词汇。故答案为Charity performance./Charity concert.
【59题详解】
考查主旨大意。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第一段“Within five minutes of meeting Olivia Ports, I knew she was a special teenager. I knew before she picked up her guitar and performed a song. I knew before I found out how a condition she was born with changed her childhood.（见到Olivia Ports不到五分钟，我就知道她是个特别的青少年。在她拿起吉他表演歌曲之前我就知道了。在我发现她的出生状况如何改变了她的童年之前我就知道了。）”及下文内容可知，Olivia Ports因为生来免疫系统就有缺陷而放弃了心爱的体操，但是她没有放弃对生活的热情，学习弹吉他并且尽自己所能去帮助别人，因此文章的主旨可以概括为“一个让生活更有意义的女孩”、“一个意志坚强的女孩”或者“一个有音乐梦想的女孩”。故答案为A girl who makes life more meaningful/A girl with strong will/A girl with music dream.
【60题详解】
考查思维能力和观点态度。这是一道开放性题目，要求考生谈谈怎样使得生活更有意义。让生活有意义的事情多种多样，比如做自己喜欢的事，做一些对社会有用的事等等，只要言之有理即可。注意词数限制和英语句子的正确表达。例如：When we fill our life with things we love./When we are doing something for the society./When we help people in need. /When we prepare ourselves for the future.
第二节：书面表达(满分 25 分)
61. 假设你是李津，最近你收到英国笔友Peter的来信，想就“How to live with pressure”的话题和你交流，询问你能否就解决学习和生活中一些问题谈谈自己的体验和感想。请根据此话题及以下提示写一封回信。
①过去遇到问题时的表现(如心理压力、情绪紧张、心情低落等)。
②介绍你解决压力问题的做法。
③表达你的希望。
注意：1.词数不少于100，开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
2.必须包含提示内容。
3.可适当加入细节,以使内容充实、行文连贯。
Dear Peter,
Glad to hear from you, I'd like to write about how to live with pressure.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes.
Yours,
Li Jin.
【答案】One possible version:
Dear Peter,
Glad to hear from you. I'd like to write about how to live with pressure.
Firstly, I'd take my problem as an example. I used to feel pressured to do well in exams.The pressure made me out of breath. To my disappointment, the more worried I was about my studies, the less efficient I became. So I realize I just take pressure too seriously. Secondly, let me tell you how to deal with it. I try taking things easy by taking part in various activates out of class, enjoying music and chatting with my friends about fun things. To my delight, this works.
Pressure cannot be avoided. What counts is how to deal with it properly. So I do hope you can face problems and pressure bravely and your life will be full of sunshine.
Best wishes.
Yours,
Li Jin
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假设你是李津，最近你收到英国笔友Peter的来信，想就“How to live with pressure”的话题和你交流，询问你能否就解决学习和生活中一些问题谈谈自己的体验和感想。要求考生根据此话题及提示写一封回信。
【详解】1.词汇积累
有压力：feel pressured→get stressed
担忧：be worried about→be concerned about
处理：deal with→cope with
参加：take part in→participate in
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：I used to feel pressured to do well in exams. The pressure made me out of breath.
拓展句：I used to feel pressured to do well in exams, which made me out of breath.
【点睛】[高分句型1] To my disappointment, the more worried I was about my studies, the less efficient I became. (运用了“the+比较级……，the+比较级……”结构)
[高分句型2] So I do hope you can face problems and pressure bravely and your life will be full of sunshine. (运用了省略that的宾语从句)