08 高中英语高频词组：分类速记+高考真题演练-2022年高考英语3500单词快速突破

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高考英语高频短语

Part1 高频短语 - 1 -
Part2 动词短语分类速记 - 10 -
Part3 五年（2017-2021）年高考真题动词短语汇总 - 30 -

Part1 高频短语
1.abide by(=be faithful to ; obey)忠于;遵守。
2. be absent from…. 缺席，不在
3. absence of mind(=being absent-minded) 心不在焉
4. absorb(=take up the attention of)吸引…的注意力(被动语态)be absorbed in 全神贯注于… 近义：be engrossed ; be lost in ; be rapt in ;be concentrated on ; be focused on ; be centered on
5. (be) abundant in(be rich in; be well supplied with) 富于,富有
6. access(to) (不可数名词) 能接近,进入,了解
7. by accident(=by chance, accidentally)偶然地,意外. Without accident(=safely) 安全地,
8. of one’s own accord(=without being asked; willingly; freely)自愿地 ,主 动地
9. in accord with 与…一致 . out of one’s accord with 同….不一致
10. with one accord (=with everybody agreeing)一致地
11. in accordance with (=in agreement with) 依照,根据
12. on one’s own account
1) 为了某人的缘故, 为了某人自己的利益 2) (=at one’s own risk) 自行负责
3) (=by oneself)依靠自己 on account 赊账; on account of 因为; on no account不论什么原因也不;of …account 有…..重要性.
13. take…into account(=consider)把...考虑进去
14. give sb. an account of 说明, 解释 (理由)
15. account for (=give an explanation or reason for) 解释, 说明.
16. on account of (=because of) 由于,因为.
17. on no account(=in no case, for no reason)绝不要,无论如何不要(放句首时句 子要倒装)
18. accuse…of…(=charge…with; blame sb. for sth. ; blame sth. on sb. ; complain about) 指控,控告
19. be accustomed to (=be in the habit of, be used to)习惯于.
20. be acquainted with(=to have knowledge of) 了解; (=to have met socially ) 熟悉
21. act on 奉行,按照…行动; act as 扮演; act for 代理
22. adapt oneself to(=adjust oneself to) 使自己适应于
23. adapt…(for) (=make sth. Suitable for a new need) 改编, 改写(以适应新的需要)
24. in addition (=besides) 此外, 又, 加之
25. in addition to(=as well as, besides, other than)除…外
26. adhere to (=abide by, conform to, comply with, cling to, insist on, persist in, observe, opinion, belief ) 粘附; 坚持, 遵循
27. adjacent(=next to, close to) 毗邻的, 临近的
28. adjust..(to) (=change slightly)调节; 适应;
29. admit of (=be capable of, leave room for) …的可能，留有…的余地.
30. in advance (before in time) 预告, 事先.
31. to advantage 有利的,使优点更加突出地.
32. have an advantage over 胜过. have the advantage of 由于…处于有利条件 have the advantage of sb.知道某人所不知道的事
33. take advantage of (=make the best of, utilize, make use of, profit from, harness)利用.
34. agree with 赞同(某人意见) agree to 同意
35. in agreement (with) 同意, 一致
36. ahead of 在…之前, 超过…;……………. ahead of time 提前.
37. in the air 1)不肯定, 不具体. 2)在谣传中.
38. above all (=especially, most important of all) 尤其是, 最重要的.
39. in all (=counting everyone or everything, altogether) 总共, 总计
40. after all 毕竟,到底; (not) at all 一点也不; all at once(=suddenly)突然; once and for all 只此一次; above all 最重要的; first of all 首先; all in all 大体上说; be all in 累极了; all but 几乎.
41. allow for (=take into consideration, take into account) 考虑到, 估计到 .
42. amount to (=to be equal to) 总计, 等于.
43. answer for (undertake responsibility for, be liable for, take charge for) 对…负责.
44. answer to (=conform to) 适合,符合.
45. be anxious about 为…焦急不安; 或anxious for
46. apologize to sb. for sth. 为…向…道歉
47. appeal to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人呼吁. appeal to sb. 对某人有吸引力
48. apply to sb. for sth. 为…向…申请 ; apply for申请; apply to 适用.
49. apply to 与…有关;适用
50. approve of (=consent to, be in favor of, favor, agree to, consider good, right) 赞成, approve vt. 批准
51. arise from(=be caused by) 由…引起.
52. arrange for sb.sth. to do sth. 安排…做…
53. arrive on 到达; arrive at 到达某地(小地方);得出,作出; arrive in 到达某地(大地方);
54. be ashamed of (=feel shame, guilt or sorrow because of sth. done) 以… 为羞耻
55. assure sb. of sth. (=try to cause to believe or trust in sth.) 向…保证, 使…确信.
56. attach(to) (=to fix, fasten; join) 缚, 系 ,结
57. make an attempt at doing sth. (to do sth.) 试图做…
58. attend to (=give one’s attention, care and thought)注意,照顾;attend on(upon)(=wait upon, serve, look after) 侍候,照料
59. attitude to toward …对…的态度.看法
60. attribute…to…(=to believe sth. to be the result of…)把..归因于.., 认为..是..的结果
61. on the average (=on average, on an average) 平均
62. (be) aware of (=be conscious of , having knowledge or consciousness)意识到,知道.
63. at the back of (=behind) 在…后面
64. in the back of 在…后部(里面); on the back of 在…后部(外面); be on one’s back(=be ill in bed) 卧病不起.
65. at one’s back(=supporting or favoring sb.) 支持,维护; have sb. at one ’s back 有…支持, 有…作后台
66. turn one’s back on sb. (=turn away from sb. in an impolite way) 不理睬(某人),背弃,抛弃
67. behind one’s back 背着某人(说坏话)
68. be based on upon 基于
69. on the basis of 根据…, 在…基础上
70. beat…at 在…运动项目上打赢
71. begin with 以…开始. to begin with (=first of all) 首先, 第一(经常用于开始语)
72. on behalf of (=as the representative of) 以…名义
73. believe in(=have faith or trust in; consider sth.sb. to be true) 相信,依赖,信仰.
74. benefit (from) 受益,得到好处.
75. for the benefit of 为了…的利益(好处)
76. for the better 好转
77. get the better of (=defeat sb.) 打败, 胜过.
78. by birth 在出生上,论出身,按血统 at birth 在出生时; give birth to 出生
79. blame sb. for sth. 因…责备某人 . blame sth. on sb. 把…推在某人身上
80. in blossom开花(指树木) be in blossom开花(强调状态) come into blossom开花(强调动作)
81. on board 到船上, 在船上, 上火车或飞机
82. boast of (or about) 吹嘘
83. out of breath 喘不过气来
84. in brief(=in as few words as possible)简言之
85. in bulk 成批地,不散装的
86. take the floor 起立发言
87. on business 出差办事.
88. be busy with sth.于某事 。 be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事
89. last but one 倒数第二.
90. but for (=without) 要不是. 表示假设
91. buy sth. for…money 用多少钱买
92. be capable of 能够, 有能力 be capable of being +过去分词是能够被…的
93. in any case(=for love or money, at any rate, at any price, at any cost , whatever happens; anyhow)无论如何
94. in case (=for fear that) 万一;
95. in case of (=in the event of)如果发生…万一 in the case of 至于…, 就…而言
96. in no case在任何情况下都不(放句首倒装句)
97. be cautious of 谨防
98. center one’s attention on(=focus one’s attention on) 把某人的注意力集中在…上
99. be certain of (=be sure of) 有把握, 一定.
100. for certain of (=for sure )肯定地,有把握地
101. by chance(=accidentally, by accident)偶然
102. for a change换换环境(花样等)
103. charge sb. with …控告某人犯有…
104. in charge of (=responsible for) 负责(某事) in the charge of …由…管
105. take charge of (=to be or become responsible for)负责管理(照顾)
106. charge…for 因…索取(费用) , charge sb. with sth. 控告某人犯有…
107. round the clock(=all day and all night, usually without stopping) 昼夜不停地
108. comment on 评论
109. commit oneself to 使自己承担… commit sb. to prison把某人送进监狱; commit one’s idea to writing 把某人的想法写下来; commit a matter to a committee 把某事交给委员会讨论
110. in common (和…)有共同之处,共用. be common to sb. 是与某人所共有的
111. keep company with (=be friendly and go out together) 和…要好.
112. compare…with … 把…与…比较
113. compare…to… 把…比作…
114. by comparison 比较起来
115. in comparison with (=in contrast to) 和…比起来
116. compensate for (=give sth. to make up for) 补偿, 赔偿,弥补 compensate sb. for sth. 赔偿,弥补
117. complain of (or about)抱怨;诉苦;控告;complain about 抱怨某人或事情; complain to sb. about sth. (or sb.) 向某人抱怨…; complain (抱怨); complement (补充); compliment (恭维)
118. comply with (=act in accordance with a demand, order, rule etc.) 遵守, 依从
119. conceive of (think of, imagine, consider) 想象,设想
120. concentrate on (or upon) 集中,专心
121. be concerned with (=about) 与…有关
122. concern oneself about with 关心
123. in conclusion(=as the last thing)最后一点; at the conclusion of 当…结束时;
124. condemn sb. to 判决
125. on condition that (=if)以…为条件, 假如. in that = because因为; now that = since既然 for all that = although 尽管
126. in out of condition (=thoroughly healthy or fit not fit) 健康状况好不好 . in good (bad) condition处于良好(坏)状态
127. confess(to)(=admit a fault, crime, or sth. wrong)承认, 供认; confess to a crime 承认罪行.
128. confide in (=to talk freely to sb. about one’s secret) 对…讲真心话, 依赖
129. in confidence 推心置腹地; with confidence 满怀信心地; have confidence in 对…有信心
130. confidence in sb. sth. 对…的信赖
131. be confident of 有信心; confidential 机密的
132. confine…to… 把…限制在某范围内
133. confirm sb. in 使某人更坚定(信念等)
134. conform to (=be in agreement with, comply with) 符合,遵照,遵守;1)obey 服从; 2) observe; 3)comply with照…办; 4)keep to遵循; 5)abide by服从;6)stick to按..做
135. be confronted with(=be brought face to face with) 面对, 面临
136. congratulate sb. on 祝贺
137. in connection with(=with regard to)关于,
138. be conscious of(=be aware of)觉察,知道
139. consent to(=give agreement to permission)同意
140. in consequence (=as a result) 结果
141. in consequence of (=as a consequence of)由于…的结果
142. under consideration 在考虑中
143. in consideration of (=in return for, on account of, because of )由于
144. on no consideration(in no case)无论如何也不
145.take…into consideration (=take account of, take…into account)考虑到, 把 …考虑进去
146. considerate (=thoughtful of the needs) 体贴的, 考虑他人需要的, considerable相当大的,值得考虑的
147. consist of(=be composed of)由…组成的. consist in主要在于. consist with符合,与…一致
148. be consistent with(=be in agreement with)与…一致. be consistent in一贯的 ,
149. consult sb. on about sth. 向…征求…方面的意见, 就…向…请教
150. to one’s heart’s content尽情地,痛痛快快
151. be content with(=be satisfied with) 满足于be content to do sth. 愿意做某事
152. contrary to (=in opposition to) 与…相反
153. on the contrary 相反
154. contrast…with 把…与…相对(对照)
155. in contrast towith 和…形成对比 by contrast 对比之下
156. contribute to 有助于
157. under control (被)控制住 out of control无法控制
158. at one’s convenience(=where and when it suits one) 在方便的时间或地点 .be convenient to for 对…方便
159. convince sb. of (=cause sb. to believe or feel certain; to persuade sb.) 使某人确信,try to persuade sb. to do sth.劝说某人做…
160. cope with(=deal with, try to find a solution to)应付, 处理
161. in the corner(of)在角落里;on(at) the comer of a street在街道拐弯处;round the comer拐过弯; be in a tight corner陷入困境
162. correspond (with) ( =exchange letters regularly) 通信
163. correspond to 相当于 . correspond with 符合,一致
164. at all costs不惜任何代价 . at the cost of 以…为代价
165. a matter of course 理所当然的事
166. as a matter of course 当然地, 自然地
167. in (during) the course 在…过程中
168. in due course (=without too much delay) 没经过太久, 到一定时候
169. on credit赊购; with credit以优异成绩; to one’s credit使某人感到光荣; do sb. credit 使…感到光荣
170.be critical of 爱挑毛病的，批评的
171. cure sb. of+某种疾病 治好某人的疾病
172.a danger to对…的危险; be in danger(of)处于…危险中; be out of danger脱离危险
173. to date(=so far, until now) 到目前为止
174. out of date过时的;up to date新式的,时兴的; date back to可追溯到; date from从某时期开始(有)
175. deal with (=concern) 论及
176. be in debt to sb. 欠…的债
177. on the decline 在衰退中, 在减少中 in decline 下降; on the increase 在增加
178. to one’s delight 令某人感到高兴 to one’s regret 遗憾; sorrow悲痛; relief 安心; distress 苦恼; shame羞愧; surprise 惊奇; astonishment 惊奇;
179. delight in(=take great pleasure in doing sth.)喜欢, 取乐
180. take (a) delight in 喜欢干…, 以…为乐
181. demand sth. of sb. 向某人要求(非物质的)东西. demand sth. from sb. 向某人要求(物质的)东西
182. in demand有需求;on demand受到要求时
183. be dependent on 依靠
184. deprive sb. of sth. 剥夺某人某物
185. derive…from(=obtain…from)从…取得,由…来的.derive from(=come from)起源于
186. despair of (=lose all hope of) 绝望
187. in despair 绝望
188. despite (=in spite of) 不管, 尽管
189. in detail 详细地
190. deviate from 偏离, 不按…办
191. on a diet 吃某种特殊饮食, 节食
192. differ from…in 与…的区别在于…
193. in difficulties…有困难,处境困难,
194. discharge sb. (from)…for (=dismiss sb. from a job for) 因…解雇, 开除
195. fall back (=retreat, turn back) 撤退; in disorder 慌乱地, 狼狈不堪
196. on display(=being shown publicly)陈列
197. dispose of (=get rid of ,throw away)处理掉
198. beyond dispute不容争议的,无可争议
199. in dispute 在争议中
200. in the distance 在远处. make out 辩认出
201. (be) distinct from ( = be different from) 与…截然不同
202. distinguish between (=make or recognize differences) 辨别
203. distinguish…from 把…与…区别开
204. do away with(=get rid of; abolish; discard eliminate) 除去,废除,取消; do away with (=kill) 杀掉, 镇压
205. have…to do with 与…有关系
206. without doubt (=undoubtedly)无可置疑地
207. in doubt(=in a condition of uncertainty)对…表示疑惑
208. be due to 是由于
209. come off duty 下班
210. go on duty 上班
211. be on duty 值班, 值日, 在上班时
212. be in duty bound to (do) (=be required by one’s job or esp. by conscience) 有义务(做)
213. be eager for 想得到, 盼望
214. by ear (=play music from memory without having seen it printed) 凭记忆,不看乐谱
215. have an ear for (=have keen recognition of sounds esp. in music and language)对..有鉴赏力
216. a word in one’s ear 私房话, 秘密话
217. on earth 究竟, 到底, 全然
218. with ease ( = easily) 容易, 不费力
219. at (one’s) ease ( = without worry or nervousness) 自在,不拘束
220. put sb. at his her ease (=free sb. from worry or nervousness)使某人感到无拘束
221. economize on (=save sth. instead of being wasteful) 节省
222. have an effect on 对…有影响
223. be in effect (=be in operation) 有效
224. go into effect 生效. ( 近 come into effect; take effect; be brought into effect)
225. in effect (=in fact, really) 实际上
226. give effect to (=carry out) 实行,使…生效
227. to no effect 不起作用,没有取得任何效果
228. (be) of no effect (=useless) 无效
229. to the effect that 大意是…,主要内容是…
230. to that effect 是那个意思的…
231. emerge from ( =appear, become known ) 出现, 暴露(问题. 意见等)
232. place(or put, lay) an emphasis on 强调, 把重点放在…上
233. encourage sb. in 鼓励; encourage sb. in hisher work 鼓励某人工作; encourage sb. in hisher idleness 怂恿某人游手好闲
234. encourage sb. in …with sth. 用…鼓励某人做某事
235. on end (=continuously) 连续地
236. (be) at an end (=finished) 结束了






Part2 动词短语分类速记
（1）act短语
act as 担任……职务，起……作用 act for 代理（某人职务），代为（处理某事）
act out 表演（对话、故事等） act up 捣乱，出毛病
（2）believe短语
believe in 确信，信任，信仰，主张 believe one's ears 相信所听到的话
make believe 假装（pretend to do sth.） seeing is believing 眼见为实
（3）blow短语
blow about 吹散 blow away 吹走 blow off 吹掉，吹散，吹灭 blow out吹灭，走气
blow up，放大（照片），吹大（气球），爆炸，发脾气 give sb. a heavy blow 给某人以沉重打击
（4）break短语
break away 摆脱，脱离 break away from … 脱离……，奋力挣脱……、打破
break down 出故障，中止，分解、抛锚、破坏，粉碎；瓦解；衰弱，损坏；(健康等)垮掉，累垮；崩溃
break in 打断，插话，闯入，强行进入，使顺服
break into … 闯入……，破门而入，突然开始，把(sth.)分成
break (sth) off （使某物）折断，中断某事物，突然停止，打断，断绝
break out （战争、火灾）突然发生，爆发，准备使用；起锚 break open 破开，撬开
break short 中断，折断 break out in tears 突然大哭 break the rule（law） 违反规定
break one’s promise 失言 break through 突围，冲跨，克服，挤过去
break up vt. 分解，分裂，拆散，碎开，开垦，vi.结束
（5）bring短语
bring about 引起，导致，使发生，促使 bring along 把……带来，领来
bring back 拿（送）回来，使恢复，使回忆 bring sth / sb back to life 使……生动/活泼，使……苏醒
bring down 使……降低，减少，使……倒下，使……落下，浓缩，收缩，击落
bring down / up (the price) 降价／提价 bring forth开（花）,结（果），发表，宣布，提出
bring forward 提出 bring in 引进（技术），赚钱，带来（收入），吸收
bring into action 使行动起来，使生效 bring into effect/practice 完成，实现，实施，实行
bring into operation 使运转，将...投入生产 bring into (full) play 发挥，调动，利用
bring sb.into touch with...接触，触摸 bring on 发展，引起，导致，使前进，提出（论点）
bring out 拿出，公布，出版，生产，揭露，阐明，使表现出
bring off 完成，救出，使成功，搬走 bring to 使苏醒
bring … to use = put …to use 对……加以利用 bring through 治愈，使度过困难/危险时期
bring / carry sth to / into effect 实施…… bring to light 出现，公布，暴露
bring to mind 使想起，回忆起 bring up 抚养，培养，哺育，使停止
（6）build短语
build ... into 把...建设成，把...装入 build on / upon 建立在...上，依赖，指望
build up 增加，增进，建成，振兴 build up to 增加
（7）以burst为中心的词组
burst forth 爆发，喷出，忽然出现 burst in 闯进，突然出现
burst into 闯进，突然...起来，突然发出 burst into tears / laughter 嚎啕大哭/放声大笑
burst out 迸发，爆发，突然发出，大声叫喊 burst out crying / laughing嚎啕大哭/放声大笑
（8）call短语
call away 叫走，把（注意力）转移开 call at (sp) 访问（某地），拜访（某地），停泊在
call back 回电话 call for 提倡，号召，要求，需要，去接某人，接走某人，迎，取
call / shout for help 呼救 call in 请来，召集，来访，打电话，引入
call off 取消，下令停止 call on / upon 号召 call on (sb) 拜访（某人），访问（某人）
call out 大声呼喊，叫喊，唤起 call sb…for short 简称某人……
call sb names 谩骂某人 call up 给……打电话，使人想起，号召，召集
call to mind 使想起，回忆起 pay a call at sp. 访问（某地） pay a call on sb. 拜访（某人）
（9）catch短语
be caught in the rain 淋雨 catch /take fire 着火 catch on 挂住，明白，理解，受欢迎
catch one’s word 听懂话 catch out 发觉，抓住某人的错处 catch sight of 发现，瞥见
（10）carry短语
carry about 随身携带 carry away 冲走，带走，冲昏某人头脑
carry back 拿回，运回，使想起 carry ...into effect /practice 执行,实行,实现,完成
carry off 带走叼走，夺去...的生命，获得（奖品） carry on 坚持，继续，进行
carry out 贯彻，执行，实施，完成 carry through 坚持到底，进行到底，贯彻，完成
（11）check短语
check in 报到，登记，投宿旅馆 check off 检验，清点
check on 检查，调查 check out 查明，结帐，付款而离开旅馆
check up 核对，检查，检验 check with 商议，符合，核对无误
（12）clear短语
clear away 扫除，消除 clear off 清除，清理，（云雾）消散，（雨）停
clear out 清除，扫出 clear through 通过（检查，批准）
clear up（天）变晴，打扫，消除 make it clear that...使人明白
（13）come短语
come about 发生，产生，（风，帆）改变方向 come across 偶然相遇，想起；越过；偿付
come along 一道来，随同，进展，出现 come at … 向……袭击，达到，求得，得到；扑向，袭击
come back 回来，想起来，复原 come down 下来，下落，倒下，降落；跌落；病倒
come down to… 到达，从一处来到另一处 come for… 来拿，来取
come from… 来自，出生于，起源于 come in 进来，进入，流行起来；获名次
come into being 形成，产生，出现 come into operation开始运转，实施，生效
come into possession of占有，拥有 come into the possession of被...占有，被...拥有
come off 脱落，从……离开 come on 过来，加油，赶快，上演；开始；登台；（问题）被提出
come near 接近，不亚于，几乎，差一点 come on / upon sb / sth 偶然遇见，偶然碰上，偶然发现
come out 露出，出来，出现，出版，发（芽），（花）开，出版；结果是；褪色；（秘密）泄露
come over 访问，越过 come over to… 过来，顺便来访，从一个地方来到另一个地方
come round / around （非正式）来访，串门，绕道 come off （头发，牙齿，纽扣）脱落，离开
come to … 来到，出现，提及，达到，共计，结果是，苏醒，达到；归结于，渐渐（to do sth =get to do sth.）
come to a decision 作出决定 come to an end 结束，终止 come to know 逐渐地知道 come to life （变得）活泼，苏醒过来，栩栩如生 come to light 显露，为人所知，明朗化
come to oneself 苏醒过来，恢复知觉 come to a stop 结束，停止，停顿
come to / into power 当权，上台 come / go to ruin = fall into ruin 变成废墟
come to terms with… 甘心忍受 come true 变为现实，成为事实，证实
come up 被提出，上来，（风浪）猛烈起来，抬头，走近；上楼；长出，发芽，流行起来
come up to sb 朝某人走来 come up with … 提出，想出（主意），找出（答案），赶上
come upon （偶然）遇见，突然发生
（14）cross短语
cross out / off 打消，删去，除去 cross one's fingers交叉手指（表祝福）
cross one's mind想起 cross over横贯，穿过，交叉 cross sb. in 与某人作对，在...中阻碍某人
（15）cut短语：
a cut above 胜过一筹 a short cut 近路，捷径 cut/break/make a /the record 创造新记录，打破记录
cut away 切除，剪去，砍掉，逃走 cut down 砍倒，砍下，削减，缩短 cut in 插嘴，加塞，插入
cut in line 插队 cut off 切断（线路），中断（供应），剪下，关掉 cut sth. open 切开，切伤
cut out 删除，剪下来，切下 cut sth.short 缩减，截短 cut through 凿通，挖通，贯穿
cut up 切碎，剪碎，剁碎，齐根切掉，割裂，歼灭
（16）do短语：
be done in 精疲力竭 be done with 完全结束 do the deed 付诸行动，生效 do about 处理，应付 do and don’t 要与不要 do a good deed 做一件好事 do a test 做实验，做化验 do a word puzzle 猜字谜
do away with 废除，废除；弄死；浪费 do body-building 做健身操 do chores 处理琐事，干家务
do /cause damage to 损害 do its work 有效，有作用 do housework 做家务活
do make-up 化妆，打扮 do observations 观察 do one’s best 尽某人最大努力 do much 极有用
do sb. right 公平对待，正确批评某人 do research on… 从事……研究工作
do sb honor = do honor to sb 礼遇某人，对某人表示敬意 do sb. justice 公平对待某人
do up 打扮，梳妆，收拾，把（衣服，鞋子等）扣/系好，捆，扎，刷新
do up one’s shoes / hair 系好鞋带/梳好头 do up the button 扣纽扣
do well / better in… 在……方面干得好/更好 do wonders 创造奇迹，产生奇特的效果
do with 处理，处置，对付，和~~相处，忍受 do without 不需要...也行，不用
do wrong 做坏事，做错事（do right = do the right thing 做得对）
in doing so=in so doing 这时，在这种情况下
（17） drive短语
drive away vi.开车走掉 vt.赶走，驱赶 drive off 驱散 drive out 逐出，乘车出去
drive through 乘车穿过（街道等） drive sb.mad 使某人发疯
（18）fall短语
fall ill /asleep /silent 生病/睡着/沉默 fall back撤退，后退 fall behind 落后，落伍，落在后面
fall down 倒下，落下，掉下，病倒，失败 fall in love with...爱上（某人）
fall into 陷入，养成，开始，渐渐 fall into a habit of 养成...习惯 fall off 掉下，衰退，减少
fall over 摔倒，落在...上，（头发）披在肩上 fall to pieces 破碎，崩溃，瓦解 fall into ruins 成为废墟
fall to the guound 坠地，失败，落空
（19）fix短语
fix a date / time for...为...安排日期/时间 fix up 修理，安装，安排，建造，提供
fix on / upon 确定，决定 fix one's eyes on/upon 注视，凝视
fix one's attention on/upon专心于,把注意力集中在 out of fix (钟表)不准，不健全
（20）get短语
get at 意指，本意是，发现，了解；掌握；攻击 get about 四处走动，活动，徘徊，旅行；流传
get above oneself 自视高傲 get across 度过，通过，横过；说服，使被理解 get ahead of 胜过，超过
get along 前进，进步；同意；离去，相处 get around 走动，传播，影响，说服
get away 移走，逃离（from），出发，开始度假 get back 回来，取回，找回，退还，报复
get behind 落后；识破 get close to 接近 get down vt.咽下；写下；使沮丧，使倒下vi.下来
get down on one’s knees 跪下 get down to (doing) sth 认真对待，静下心来开始（做）某事
get in 进入，收获，达到，陷入；牵涉 get in a word 插话 get into 进入，陷入，养成
get sb into… 使某人陷入 get it 接（电话），应（门），理解，懂得
get off 下车，脱下（衣服等），送走，动身 get on 上车，过活，穿上；进步，使前进；成功；相处
get on / along with… 进展，与……相处 get on/upon with 进步；在~~方面获得成功
get one's hand in 熟悉；习惯 get on one’s feet （艰难地）站立起来
get out vi. 摆脱，出去，下车，泄露，离开 get out of 逃避，避免，由~~出来，从~~得出，退休
get over 克服，恢复，原谅，越过，痊愈；克服，完成 get up 起床，起身，研究，钻研；致力于；安排
get through 接通（电话），完成（工作），通过（议案、考试等），到达
get to 到达，抵达 get to sleep 入睡，设法睡着 get / gain / take possession of 占有，拥有，占领
get ready for 为……做准备 get rid of 除掉，去掉 get sb to do 让某人做
get the idea for… 想到……的主意 get the message across 传播信息
get together 相聚，碰头，联欢，积聚，商谈，取得一致意见 get / be engaged (to sb) （与某人）订婚
（21） give短语
be given to 沉溺于，习惯于，癖好 give about 分配；传播 give and take 相互迁就，互让
give away 赠送，给予，背弃，泄露，分发，牺牲，颁发 give back 归还，送回
give back 归还，反射 give cause 给予~~的理由 give ear to 侧耳倾听
give forth 发出，放出；发表 give in 投降，让步，屈服 give in to 同意，接受；向~~让步
give off 释放，发出，放出 (烟、光、热、气味等) give oneself out as/to be 自称为
give oneself up to 专心于；向~~自首 give out vt.分发,公布,发出,使筋疲力尽 vi.用完，用完，耗尽 give（hand）over转交，移交 give place to 让位于，被~~所替代 give rise to引起，导致；使~~发生
give up 放弃，辞去，停止 give a concert 开音乐会 give a description of… 描述……
give / make a speech 演讲，讲话 give a talk 演讲，做报告 give birth to 生婴儿，生产，造成
give close attention to 密切关注 give medical care to sb 对某人进行治疗
give shade in summer （夏天时）遮阳 give / lend sb a hand 给某人帮助
give sb a second look 再看某人一眼 give sb a warm welcome 热烈欢迎某人
give sb. to understand 通知某人,使明白
give sb some advice on sth / doing sth / how to do sth 就……向某人提出建议/忠告
give way to 让步，退却；屈服于 given that...假定，给定，已知
（22）go短语
go abroad 出国 go about 四处走走，开始做，着手干，（谣言等）流传
go about from house to house 挨/逐家拜访 go against 违反，违背，反对，不利于 go across 度过，越过
go ahead 说吧，干吧，领先，走在前面，前进，进展 go after 追逐，追求，跟随
go / walk around 四处走走 go all about 鼓足干劲，全力以赴 go along 前进，进行下去
go away 走开，离去 go around 走来走去，四处走动 go back 回去
go beyond 超越 go by 走过，经过，（时间）消逝，过去 go down to 延续到，继续到
go down 下来，落下，倒下 ，垮台，（风等）平静，沉没 go down on one’s knees 跪下
go for 为……去，努力获取，主张，适用于，去（取，拿） go for sb 对某人也一样
go in 进去，（日月等）被云遮蔽 go in for 参加，喜欢，赞成，从事，为...而努力
go into 详细调查，进入，参加，从事 go into details 细说
go off 走开，离去，（闹钟）闹响，爆炸 go off to = be off to = leave for 动身去
go off the air 停止广播（比较：go on the air 开始广播） go on 发生，进行，继续
go on with...继续做，忍受 go out 熄灭，出去，外出，离开，下台，退休
go over 复习，过一遍，仔细检查，审阅，越过 go round 拜访，绕道走，绕...运行
go past 从……的旁边过去 go up 上升，上涨，增长，攀登 go with…与……相配，和...一道走，同意
go without 忍受没有……之苦，没有……也行，没有……也能勉强应付
go straight along 沿着……一直往前走 go through 通过，浏览，仔细检查，审查，履行，忍受
go through with 完成 go up 上升，上涨，攀登 go with 与...相配，和...一道走，同意
have a go 企图，试图 want a go 试一试
（23）have短语
have a break 休息一下 have a bright future 有一个灿烂的未来 have a conversation with sb 与某人交谈
[比较：have a dialogue with sb 与某人对话 have a talk with sb (about sth) （就某事）与某人进行交流
have a word with sb = would like a word with sb 和某人谈几句，跟某人说句话]
have a good laugh over… 对……笑了个够 have a hit 风靡一时 have an eye for 有眼力，有眼光
have (got ) a pain (in the…) （身体某部位）痛 have to = have got to 不得不，必须
have mercy on… 宽恕……，对……仁慈，对……表示怜悯 have sth on sb 某人身上带着某物
（24）hold短语
hold back 退缩，踌躇，阻挡，控制住，隐瞒 hold to / by 坚持，固守 hold down 压制，压低，缩减
hold off 耽搁，不接近，离开 hold one’s breath 屏息，不出气 hold on 等一等，不要挂电话
hold on to 抓住，保住 hold out 伸出，坚持下去，维持，提出，支持，主张
hold up 阻挡，使停顿，举起，拿起，阻滞 hold with 和...意见一致，赞成
hold together 连在一起，团结一致
（25） keep短语
keep at 坚持，不停地做 keep away from 避开，别靠近 keep company with...和...结交
keep back 隐瞒，忍住，阻止……向前，留下，扣留 keep dark 保守秘密 keep down 控制，缩减
keep in 闭门不出 keep off 勿踏，勿踩 keep off sb / sth 不接触或不接近某人/某事物
keep on 继续进行 keep out 不得入内 keep…out 把……挡住，把……留在外面
keep out of … 不进入… keep pace with...跟上，同...步调一致 keep time 合拍子，按时，（钟表）走得准
keep to 坚持，固守，遵守 keep up 继续，保持，坚持，使（情绪等）不低落
keep up with… = catch up with… 跟上，赶上，与...并肩前进 keep a date 赴约
keep an eye on 注视，留心，注意，照顾（keep an eye out for 注视，留心，注意）
keep one’s appointment 守约 keep silent over … 对……保持沉默 keep the same look 保持原貌 keep watch 保持警戒，站岗，守望，值班，注意 in good /high（bad/low）keep 保存得好（坏）
（26）knock短语
knock at /on 敲打（门、窗等） knock down 把……撞倒，击倒
knock into 撞到，撞上某人，偶然碰见 knock sb out (of sth) 淘汰某人 knock over 撞翻，撞倒
（27）lay短语
lay aside 把..放在一边，抛弃，贮藏 lay down 放下，使躺下，放弃，牺牲
lay off （暂时）解雇，放弃，停止 lay out 花费，投资，不置，打昏
（28）leave短语
give leave 准假 leave about乱放，乱丢 leave alone 听任，任其自然 leave...as it is.听其自然
leave behind 留下，忘记携带 leave out 省去，遗漏，不把...计算在内 leave off 停止，脱去，戒除
leave office 离职，下台 leave over 留下，剩下，延期 leave room for 为...让出地方
leave sth, to / with sb把...交给/留给某人. leave sb, sth. 把...交给/留给某人 on leave 休假，请假
（29）look短语
look at 看着，注视，检查，着眼于 look about 四下环顾；查看 look ahead 向前看，展望未来
look（admire）at oneself in the mirror 照镜子 look after 照顾，照料，照看
look around / about 四处看看，四下环顾 look back 回首，回忆，回顾过去
look back on/upon… 回顾……，回忆…… look forward to sth /doing sth 盼望，期盼某事物/做某事
look for 寻找，期望 look in 来访，参观，看望 look into… 往……里面看，浏览，调查，研究
look (right) into sb’s eyes 直视着 look on/upon 旁观，面向，观望 look on / upon ...as...把...看作
look out 向外看；注意，当心，提防，警惕 look one's age 和年龄相称
look out for 警惕，留心，找出来，寻找 look over… 翻阅，（仔细）检查，从上面看过去
look through 看透，仔细查看，浏览，翻阅，温习 look to 面向，注意
look up 仰视，往上看，（在字典或参考书中）查阅，查寻，，涨价
look up to sb 敬仰，仰望，尊敬（look down on / upon sb 瞧不起，鄙视，轻视）
look / be worried 看上去/感到担心
（30）make短语
make into 制成，作成（后面跟产品，制成品）
[be made in 在……生产/制造 be made of 由……组成/构成，用某种原材料制成（物理变化）(能看出)
made from 由……组成/构成，用某种原材料制成（化学变化）(看不出)
be made up of = consist of 由……组成，由……构成]
make out 理解，看清楚 make up 化妆，打扮，和解，配制，编造，虚构，构成，组成
make up for 弥补，补充，补偿 made up one’s mind 下决心
make advantages/use of 使用，利用 make after 追求，追赶
make a beeline for走直路,走进路,朝...径直走去 make a choice 做出选择
make a commitment 承诺，保证 make a comment / comments (on / upon…) （对……）发表评论
make a fool of sb = fool sb 愚弄某人（比较：make fool of … 愚弄）
make a point of doing sth 认为做某事重要或有必要 make a promise 承诺 make a will 立下遗嘱
make (a) suggestion (on …) 提出（关于……）的建议 make a telephone call 打电话
make / take a trip / journey to … 去某地旅行 make conversation 交谈 make eyes at...抛眉眼，以目示意
make for 去向，向~~前进；有利于 make towards 向...前进
make fun of… 取笑，嘲笑，和……开玩笑 make it（事业上）获得成功
make into 把~~制成，使~~转变为 make jokes about sb 拿某人开玩笑，以某人为笑柄
make mistake about… 犯了……错误 make much of 重视；理解；赏识
make one’s way to… 往……走去 make one's mind on sth. 决定某事
make one's own 当作自己的看待 make out 填写；开支票；理解；辨认
make progress (in …) （在……方面）取得进步 make sense 有意义，有道理，讲得通
make sense of… 弄懂……的意思 make sth to (one’s own) measure （按自己的尺寸）定做
make sure 确保，确认，查明 make the adjustment to… 适应…… make the / one’s bed 整理床铺 make up弥补,修理,赔偿,起草,编造,化装,配制,占...比例,讲和 make way for 为~~让路，让路于
make up to 接近，巴结；向~~求爱 on the make 急求成功；增加，损人利己追求名利
（31）meet短语
meet the case 适合，令人满意 meet the need/demand/requirement of满足...需要
meet with 偶然碰见，遭受 meet...by chance/accident偶然碰见 make both ends meet 使收支相抵
（32）open短语
be open to 对...开放，易于接受，经不起（诱惑） open A for B 为B展开/打开A
open to 朝...开，朝向，通向 open up开发,开创,开辟,开垦,吐露真情,打开,展现
with open eyes 睁着眼睛，留神地，吃惊地 with open arms 张开双臂，热诚（欢迎）
（33）owe短语
owe ... to...把...归功于，把...归因于 owe much to 多亏了，在很大程度上归功于
owe it to...that...归功于，幸亏 owe sb. sth. (=owe sth. to sb.)欠某人...
（34）pass短语
pass away 去世，（时间）过去 pass by 通过，从旁边经过，（时间）过去 pass into 变成，化为
pass down 传下来，流传，使世代相传 ，一代一代传下去 pass on (to sb) 转交给(某人)，传给(某人)
pass on/upon 传递，通过 pass on from one generation to the next 一代代流传下来
pass out 失去知觉，昏厥 pass out of one's mind 被人忘掉 pass over 忽视，置之不理
pass through 穿过，越过 pass sth from one to another 把某事物从一人传到另一人手上
（35）pay短语
pay back 偿还（借款），报答，报复 pay for 付款，付费，付代价 pay off 还清（欠款）
（36） pick短语
pick and choose 仔细挑选，挑挑拣拣 pick off 摘下，逐个地射死 pick on 挑选，挑剔，惹恼
pick one's way/steps 小心地走路，择路而行 pick one's words精选用词 pick out 挑选，认出
pick up 开车接（某人），接收，获得，搭载，恢复，爬起，捡起，学会，认识，购买（便宜商品）
pick up with...结识，与...交朋友
（37）pull短语
pull/make/wear a long face 拉长脸，不高兴 pull about 把...拖来拖去，虐待 pull away 拖出，离开
pull apart 拉开，扯断，严加批评 pull down 拉下,拉倒,推翻,拆毁,使(价格)下降,使体质减弱,赚取
pull in (车船)抵达, 节省(费用), 缩减(开支) pull off 脱（衣，冒），完成，获得成功
pull on 穿，戴，继续拉 pull out 驶出，拔出，离开 pull one's leg 取笑，开玩笑，逗乐
pull through 克服困难，使···脱离危险（渡过难关；恢复健康） pull sth. to pieces 把...拆散，撤碎
pull up 拔起，阻止，使停下 pull up with/to 追上，赶上 pull (the) wires/strings 在幕后操纵，走后门
（38）push短语
at one push 一口气 bring to the push 使陷绝境 push against 推，推撞
push forward/along 把...腿向前，继续进行 push aside/away 推开，排除 push back 退回，推回
push down 向下推 push in 推进，向岸靠拢 push off 起程，离开 push on 奋力向前，推进
push one's way挤过去，奋力向前 push out 推出，长出 push over 推倒
push through 促成，完成，穿过，挤过 push up 向上推
（39）put短语
put an end to 结束，终止，废除 put aside 把~~放在一边；搁置；排除，储藏
put away 将某物收拾起来，存钱，储存，存起来 put back 把~~放回原处；拨回
put down 扑灭，平息，镇压，记下，记下；削减；降落 put faith in 相信，信任
put forward 提出，建议，推荐，拨快，提倡 put in 驶入，进入 put...(down) in writing 把...写下来
put ~~ into 把~~放入；插入；翻译成 put off 延期，拖延，消除；推脱，脱下
put on （戏）上演，放（唱片），穿戴，增加,拨快(钟表),推荐 put on a performance 演出
put out 扑灭，熄灭，使……停止燃烧，伸出，出版，生产，拿出，制造，刺杀
put through 完成，（电话用语）拨通，使穿过 put to (good) use (充分)利用
put up 挂起，张贴，举起，抬起，搭起，建立，提名，推荐；陈列 put up with 忍受，容忍 put into 使进入，输入，投入 put／translate…into 把……译成 put one’s heart into… 全神贯注于…
put sb in / into prison 把某人关进监狱 put …to use 使用……，运用……
put a date to sth 注明日期（比较：set / fix the date 确定日期 to date 到目前为止）
（40）refer短语
refer to 指，提及，参考，查阅 be referred to 和...有关,归功于,被提交...处理
refer oneself to...依赖，求助于 refer to...as...把...称做，认为...是...
（41）ring短语
ring off 挂断电话 ring the bell 敲钟，摇铃 ring up 打电话给... ring back回电话
（42）see短语
see after 照料，照顾 see into 识透，调查 see out 送某人到门口/屋外 see off 送行
see through 看透，识破，支持（某人）到底 see to 照顾，处理，注意
see to it that照料，努力使; 保证，注意 seeing that...因为，鉴于，既然= owing to
as far as I see/know 据我所知
（43）sell短语
sell off 廉价出清（存货） sell out 卖完，背叛= be sold out sell up 变卖，拍卖
sell well 畅销，好卖 sell by retail 零售~by whole-sale 批发
（44）send短语
send away 让走开，解雇，赶走，把...送往远处 send down 把...向下发送,开除,降低（价格，温度）
send for 派人去叫/请/拿 send in 寄送某处进行处理 send off 发出，寄出，解雇，送别
send out 派遣，发出（信号、通知等），长出（树叶等） send up 发射，射出，往上送，使上升 send sb to sleep 让某人睡觉 send signals by … 通过……发送信号 send word 通知，转告，捎信
（45）set短语
set about (doing) sth 着手，开始 set aside 留出，搁/放在一边，取消，放弃，忽视，拒绝
set back 把（钟表）往回拨 set down 放下，登记，记载 set down to 归于，认为是由于
set forward 把（钟表）拨快，出发 set off 出发，起程，引起爆炸，激起，引起，拨出（钱等）
set one's hand to 着手做，从事 set one's heart / mind on/upon专心于，渴望，一心想做
set out vi.出发 vt.布置，发表 set out (for…) 出发往（……），动身去（……）
set out to do 开始做，着手做 set up 创立，设立，开办，竖起，支起，引起（疾病等）
set /give a (good) example to… 为……树立（好）榜样 set sail for 起航去……
set sail from 从……起航 set sb a good example in … 在……为某人树立榜样
（46）shut短语
shut down (=close down)关闭，倒闭，停工，歇业 shut in 关进去，禁闭，使中止，压制
shut off 关掉，切断 shut one's eyes/ears to...拒绝去看/听 shut one's heart to... 对...不动心
shut one's mind to...死不答应 shut one's teeth 要紧牙关 shut out 关在外面，排除（可能性）
shut up 关闭，密封
（47）stick短语
stick in the mud 陷入泥中，墨守成规 stick...into...把...插入...中 stick out 突出，伸出，显眼
stick to 坚持，忠于，粘到...上
（48）suit短语
be suited for doing (=be suited to do) 配（做），适于 be suited to / for...适合于
suit all tastes 人人合口味，人人中意 suit oneself 随自己意愿 suit the action to the word 使言行一致
suit ...to...使适合于，使适应 suit with...与...相称
（49）stand短语
stand by sb = support sb = take sb’s side 支持某人 stand up 起立，站起来 stand out 突出，显眼
stand for 代表，表示，象征，容忍，支持/拥护，为……的候选人 stand still = stay still 站着不动
（50）take短语
be taken aback 吃惊 take after 与某人相像，仿效 take along 带领，携带
take aim 瞄准，设立目标 take … apart = separate …把……分开 take away 拿走，使离开。减去；夺去
take away from… 从……带／拿走 take back 退回，拿回，收回，取消
take down 拿下，记下，记录，占领，拆毁，使病倒 take for… 当作……，误以为是……
take in 吸收，接纳，上当，轻信，领会；留宿 take into 驶入，信任
take off （飞机）起飞，脱掉（衣帽/鞋），成名，成功，很快上升，开始流行/畅销
take on 呈现，雇佣，承担，担任 take out 拿出，取出，去除，取得（专利权）
take over 继承，接管，接替 take up 从事，开始，专注于，占去（时间、空间、地位等）
take a bank loan 向银行贷款 take a bath 洗澡 take a chance / chances 碰运气，冒险
take a critical attitude towards… 对……持批判态度 take a few deep breaths 深呼吸
take / have a degree in … 取得……学位 take cold 感冒，受寒
take a hands-on approach to education 通过动手实践的方式来进行接受教育
take … by surprise 对……突然袭击，出乎……意料 take care 小心, 注意
take care of 照顾，照看，当心，注意，谨慎，处理 take care to do 务必做，留心做
take charge of 负责，主管 take effect 生效，奏效 take exercise 运动，活动
take … for example 以……为例 take fire 着火 take / get / catch hold of 握住，抓住
take office就职，上任 take one's place就坐，入坐，代替 take part with 袒护，支持
take sb in the arms 拥抱，搂抱 take sb. by the arm 拉某人的胳膊 take sb seriously 看重某人
take the shape of 呈/取....的形状 take up for 袒护 take up with 致力于，忍受，对...发生兴趣
take / hold / keep sb prisoner 囚禁/俘虏某人（比较：sb be taken / held / kept prisoner 某人被囚禁/俘虏）
take sth along with sb随身携带某物 take shelter 躲避 take sides with sb in sth 在某事上支持/偏袒某人
take steps / measures / action to do sth.采取措施做某事，采取（……的）行动 take the size of量....的尺寸
take turns to do sth / in doing sth 轮流做某事
（51）think短语
think about 思考，考虑（是否去做） think aloud 自言自语
think of 想到，想起，认为，对……有看法/想法 think of ...as...把...看作 think out 仔细考虑，想出 think over 仔细考虑 think through… 思考……直到得出结论，想通
think up 提出，想出，设计出，想通，想起 think twice 再三考虑，仔细考虑
think to oneself 沉思，暗自想 think highly / well of = speak highly of = sing high praise for对……高度评价
（52）tear短语
tear at撕，强拉 tear away 撕掉，扯开，磨损 tear A away from B 从B夺走A
tear down 拆毁，扯下，使瓦解，破坏（名誉） tear in/to/into pieces 把...撕碎 tear in two ..把...撕成两半
tear off 扯去，扯开 tear out 撕下，拉下 tear up撕掉，撕毁
（53）throw短语
throw about乱丢，乱花（钱） throw at 把...投向 throw away 抛弃，浪费，拒绝，错失（机会）
throw back 扔回，拒绝，反驳，（光线）反射 throw cold water on sb. 对...泼冷水，使气馁
throw doubt on/upon 对...怀疑 throw down 推翻，拆毁，仍下，拒绝 throw down one's tools 罢工
throw in 插话，（免费）附送 throw into 使...陷入某种状态 throw off 摆脱，匆匆脱掉，设法除去
throw oneself into 投身于，积极从事 throw out 扔出，干扰，否决
throw up呕吐，放弃，举起，批评，匆匆建造 throw up one's arms 举起双手，投降
（54）try短语
try doing/to do 试着做/尽力做 try every means 用各种办法 try for 企图获得，争取，谋求
try on 试穿 try one's best to do sth.尽力 try out 试验，提炼，参加选拔赛
（55）trust短语
enjoy the trust of 得到...的信任 have / put trust in 信任 in trust 受托的，代为保管的
take ...on trust对...不加考察信以为真 trust on 信赖 trust A to B(=trust B with A)把A委托给B
（56）turn短语
give a new turn to 对~~予以新的看法 turn against 转而反对，背叛，采取敌对态度
turn around / round 转身，转过来，改变意见 turn back 折回，往回走
turn … away 赶走……，辞退……，把……打发走，转脸不睬，使转变方向
turn down 关小/调低（音量／热度），拒绝，折叠，翻下，驳回，拒绝考虑
turn over 把……翻过来，翻动，犁翻（土地），细想 turn in 交进，上缴，归还
turn on 打开（灯，气，水，电器等），反对；依靠，依赖，取决于
turn off 关掉（灯，气，水，电器等），解雇，避开（问题） turn into 变成
turn…into… 把……变成……，转变成，走进 turn up 把音量开大，卷起，翻起，发生，出现，到达
turn out 结果是，生产，培养，实际情况是 turn out to be 被证明是, 结果是
turn to… 转向……，（for help）向……求助，查阅， 变成；着手于



Part3 五年（2017-2021）年高考真题动词和动词短语汇总
一、2021年高考真题
1.（2021.3 天津卷 单选）Henry David Thoreau was happy to            from social life, seeking a harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of his life.
A. judge B. differ C. withdraw D. benefit
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：梭罗乐于退出社会生活，在宁静的生活中寻求与自然的和谐关系。A.judge判断；B.differ不同于；C.withdraw撤退、（使）退出；D.benefit对……有用。根据句意可知，本空应填withdraw。故选：C。

2.（2021.6 浙江卷 完形填空）
At this store, people      8      and then go off to the side to bag their own groceries. My mother was putting her groceries into shopping bags when a stranger  came up her and said.
8.A.show up B.call in C.check out D.sit down
【答案】选C
【解析】考查动词词组辨析。A. show up出现，露面；B. call in召来，拜访；C. check out结账离开；D. sit down坐下。根据句意 "人们结账后然后离开到一边去装包自己的物品" 可知是 "结账"，故选C。

3.（2021.6全国甲卷 完形填空）
They rushed to the window, 30 or 40 birds all trying to      13      at the same time, and pepperoni—everywhere.
13.A.wake up B.get out C.take off D.break in
【答案】选B
【解析】考查短语。这里应该是海鸥应该是着急出去。A. wake up 唤醒   B. get out       出去     C. take off 脱下；起飞 D. break in 闯入。故选B。

4.（2021.6新高考1卷 完形填空）
     11      a bit and the cakes pile up. As I told my parents at dinner that first night, it was all a little more high-pressure than I'd expected.
11.A.Calm down B.Slow down C.Stay on D.Move on
【答案】选B
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：稍微慢一点，蛋糕就堆积如山。分析题目可知，这里指的是如果做工时手脚不够快，蛋糕就会堆起来。故选B。

5.（2021.3 天津卷 完形填空）
With that thought in mind, Pruitt      7      a plan and posted it on the community website.
A.came up with B.stuck to C.gave up D.broke away from
【答案】选A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意︰带着这个想法，Pruitt想出了一个计划，并把它发布在了社区网站上。A. come up with提出；B. stick to坚持；C. give up放弃；D. break away from突然逃跑。根据后文 "a plan and posted it on the community website" 指想出了一个计划，come up with符合语境。故选A。

二、2020年高考真题
1.（2020·江苏卷单项填空）There will still be lots of challenges if we are to _____ garbage in a short time.
A. clarify B. justify C. satisfy D. classify
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们要在短时间内对垃圾进行分类，仍然会有很多挑战。A. clarify澄清；B. justify证明；C. satisfy 满足；D. classify分类。根据空后garbage可知，此处指“对垃圾进行分类”。故选D。
2. The speed of 6G will exceed 125 GB/s, ______ a new generation of virtual reality.
A. allowing for B. accounting for C. calling for D. compensating for
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:6G的速度将超过125 GB/s，使得新一代的虚拟现实成为可能。A. allowing for使……成为可能，促进……的发生；B. accounting for解释；C. calling for需要，要求；呼吁；D. compensating for补偿。根据空前The speed of 6G will exceed 125 GB/s可知，125 GB/s 的6G速度将使得新一代的虚拟现实成为可能。故选A。
3．（2020·天津卷单项填空）I never worried about my son while I was away because my mother ______ him.
A．drank a toast to B．played a joke on
C．kept an eye on D．made an apology to
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:我不在的时候从不担心我的儿子，因为我母亲会照看他。A. drank a toast to为……干杯；B. played a joke on开……的玩笑；C. kept an eye on照看，留意，密切注视；D. made an apology to向……道歉。因为母亲会“照看”我的儿子，所以“我”不在的时候从来不担心孩子。C选项符合语境，故选C。
4．（2020·天津卷单项填空）We offered to give Sharon a ride home, but she ______, saying that she felt like walking.
A．understood B．accepted C．compromised D．declined
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们提出Sharon回家，但她拒绝了，说她想步行回去。A. understood 理解；B. accepted接受；C. compromised妥协；D. declined谢绝。根据“saying that she felt like walking”可知，Sharon想自己回家，所以她“谢绝”了我们的提议。故选D。
5．（2020·天津卷单项填空）We can’t ______ buying a new printer for our company. The one we have doesn’t work.
A．take up B．carry out C．keep on D．put off
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:我们不能推迟为公司买一台新打印机。我们现在的那个不运转了。A. take up占据；B. carry out实施；C. keep on 继续；D. put off推迟。根据“the one we have doesn’t work”可知，我们平时用的打印机不运转了。所以，我们必须马上买一台新打印机。即:我们不能“推迟”买打印机。故选D。
6．（2020·天津卷单项填空）We offered to give Sharon a ride home, but she ______, saying that she felt like walking.
A．understood B．accepted C．compromised D．declined
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们提出Sharon回家，但她拒绝了，说她想步行回去。A. understood 理解；B. accepted接受；C. compromised妥协；D. declined谢绝。根据“saying that she felt like walking”可知，Sharon想自己回家，所以她“谢绝”了我们的提议。故选D。

三、2019年高考真题
1.【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】34.A city is the product of the human hand and mind, __________ man's intelligence and creativity.
A. resembling B. reflecting C. reviewing D. restoring
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：城市是人类的双手和思想的产物，反映了人的智慧和创造力。resembling像；reflecting反映；reviewing回顾；restoring恢复，根据题意，故选B。
2.【2019·天津卷·单项填空】9.Kate heard a man's voice in the background, but she couldn't ___________ what he was saying.
A. set aside B. take back
C. make out D. keep off
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词词组辨析。句意： 凯特听到背景中有一个男人的声音，但她听不清他在说什么。set aside“存储，留出”； take back“收回，拿回”；make out“辨认出，理解，了解”； keep off“（使）避开”。故选C。
3. （2019·北京卷·完形填空）He asks you questions and actually remembers the answers, so the next time you ride with him, he'll ___21___ those things.
A. act on B. settle on C. check on D. agree on
【答案】C
【解析】句意：在坐车的时候，Wilson会问这些学生问题，然后记住答案。下一次这些学生再坐车的时候，
Wilson会检查（check on）上次提到的这些东西。该句指的是在乘车期间，Wilson会利用这个机会了解考查学生们的学习情况。故C选项正确。

四、2018年高考真题
1.【2018·天津】8. It took him a long time to___________ the skills he needed to become a good dancer.
A. display B. acquire
C. teach D. test
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。句意：他花了很长时间才获得了成为一名优秀舞蹈家所需的技能。A display显示；B. acquire获得；C. teach教；D. test测试。故选B。
点睛：本题考查动词辨析。动词和动词短语的考查是高考重点考查的知识点，解题时要区分清选择项的含义与区别，再联系句意进行判断，从而选出正确答案。
2.【2018·天津】3. At first Robert wouldn't let his daughter go diving, but eventually he___________ as she was so confidence about her skills.
A. gave in B. dressed up
C. broke in D. turned up
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析及语境理解。句意：起初，罗伯特不愿让他女儿去潜水，但最终他让步了，因为她对她的技能是如此的有把握。A. gave in屈服，让步；B. dressed up打扮；C. broke in闯入；打断；D. turned up出现。根据转折词but及原因as she was so confident about her skills.可知，最终他让步了。故选A。
点睛：本题考查动词短语辨析。分析后句的原因状语可以判定出罗伯特最终让步，再联系所学短语就不难选出正确答案。同学平时学习过程中要多注意词汇和短语的积累，尤其是含义比较多的词汇和短语。
3.【2018·江苏】25. Developing the Yangtze River Economic Belt is a systematic project which _______ a clear road map and timetable.
A. calls for B. calls on
C. calls off D. calls up
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析及语境理解。句意：发展长江经济带是一项需要清晰的路线图和时间表的系统工程。A. calls for需要；B. calls on号召；C. calls off取消；D. calls up使想起。故选A。
点睛：本题考查动词短语辨析。分析全句句意，再联系所学短语就不难选出正确答案。同学平时学习过程中要多注意词汇和短语的积累，尤其是含义比较多的词汇和短语。
4.【2018·江苏】22. Kids shouldn’t have access to violent films because they might _______ the things they see.
A. indicate B. investigate
C. imitate D. innovate
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。句意：孩子不应该接触暴力电影，因为他们也许会模仿他们所见的事情。A. indicate指示；B. investigate调查；C. imitate模仿；D. innovate改革。故选C。
点睛：本题考查动词辨析。动词和动词短语的考查是高考重点考查的知识点，解题时要区分清选择项的含义与区别，再联系句意进行判断，从而选出正确答案。考生在平时学习过程中要注重动词和动词短语的识记与掌握。
2017年高考真题
1. 【2017·天津卷】5. Mr. and Mrs. Brown would like to see their daughter _____, get married, and have kids.
A. settled down B. keep off C. get up D. cut in
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：句意：布朗先生和夫人想要看到他们的女儿安顿下来，结婚生子。A. 安顿下来；B. 远离；C.起床；D. 插嘴。根据句意，故选A。
考点：考查动词短语。
【名师点睛】辨析动词短语没有捷径，只有加强平时的记忆，包括动词本身的含义、一词多义以及词组的搭配，做题时要弄懂句意和上下文的逻辑关系再进行判断。学生平时要特别注意这方面的积累。
2.【2017·江苏卷】30. A quick review of successes and failures at the end of year will help _______ your year ahead.
A. shape B. switch C. stretch D. sharpen
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：考查动词的辨析。A. shape塑造，决定……的形成，影响……的发展；B. switch转变，交换，
调班；C. stretch拉长，拉紧，伸展，伸长，延伸消耗；D. sharpen提高，使尖锐，变得清晰。句意：快速
回顾一年的成败将会决定来年的发展。故选A。
考点：考查动词的辨析
3.【2017· 江苏】25.Working with the medical team in Africa has _______ the best in her as a doctor.
A. held out B. brought out C. picked out D. given out
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：考查动词短语辨析。held out坚持；提供机会；伸出手；B. brought out使显现，阐明，出版；
C.picked out使容易看见，找出精心挑选，认出来；D. given out用完，停止运行，分发，发出，公布。句
意：在非洲同医疗队一起工作已经使她表现出了作为医生最好的一面。这里取“使显现”之意，故选B。
考点：考查动词短语辨析













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