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中考英语总复习八大时态复习优质 课件
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这是一份中考英语总复习八大时态复习优质 课件，
初中英语八大时态复习中考英语总复习1、The Simple Present Tense 一般现在时态教学重、难点： 一般现在时表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态 常与every day , on Sundays, sometimes , often ，usually ,always,等连用结构 ： 1、主语+动词原形+其他Eg. I have a meeting on Sundays . They visit their parents once a month. 注: 主语(三单)+ 动词(第三人称单数形式)+其他 Eg.She likes it very much.She usually goes to school at 7 o’clock every morning. 动词第三人称单数形式 ·在动词后+s·在以s,x,ch,sh,o结尾的动词+es·以辅音字母+y结尾的动词， 先变y 为i，再加es ·特殊 have-has 等 helpguessflymake leavefixswimknow playclosegostudygetread bring watch写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式carry do washvisit exercise enjoy jump havesiesessessssessiesssshasesssesssesiess一般现在时否定式 be + not don’t do / doesn’t doII 一般现在时的否定式1.Be 动词的否定式: be + notI am a teacher. You are a workerShe is a doctorWe are friends.I’m not a teacherYou aren’t a workerShe isn’t a doctor.We aren’t friends.is not=isn’tare not=aren’t 否定句2.当主语是单数第三人称时，它与助动词Does有关，但是动词谓语一定要恢复为原形。当主语是其他人称时，它与助动词Do有关。I like English.She likes it very much.We go to work by bike.I don’t like English.She doesn’t like it very much.We don’t go to work by bike.否定句概念：用 yes 或 no 来回答的疑问句叫做一般疑问句。一般疑问句句首的第一个词一般读得比较重。III一般疑问句1.对于be 动词，疑问句要求把be 提前，第一人称变成第二人称。疑问句I am a teacher.Are you a teacher?You are a worker.Are you a worker?He is a student.Is he a student?We are friends.Are you friends?2.对于实意动词，疑问句要求是：当主语是他(he)，她(she)，它(it)时，句子前面加does，并把动词恢复原形；当主语是其他人称时，句前加do ，第一人称(I/we) 换第二人称(you)。I often go there.You like the music.He goes to work by bus .We /You/They like it.Do you often go there ?Do you like the music.?Does he go to work by bus ?Do you/they like it?1.He has a meeting on Sundays .2.He goes to school at seven in the morning .3.My father and mother go out for lunch on Sundays.4.We do our homework after school. 把下列句子改为一般疑问句Does he have a meeting on Sundays ?Does he go to school at seven in the morning?Do your father and mother go out for lunch on Sundays ?Do you do your homework after school ?exercise把下列句子改为否定句1.My father has an egg for breakfast .2.Li Lei does his homework after school.3.We do our homework at home.4.They have a meeting every morning .My father doesn’t have an egg for breakfast .Li Lei doesn’t do his homework after school.We don’t do our homework at home .They don’t have a meeting every morning .1. We often _____ (play) in the playground.2. He ____ (get) up at six o’clock.3. ___ you ____ (brush) your teeth every morning? 4. What ___ he usually___ (do) after school?5. Danny______ (study) English, Chinese, Maths, Science and Art at school.6. Mike sometimes _____(go) to the park with his sister.7. She _____ (watch) TV with his parents every evening.8.____ Mike ____(read) English every day? 用所给动词的正确形式及助动词填空playgetsDo brushdoes dostudiesgoeswatchesDoes read2、一般过去时The Simple Present Tense教学重、难点一般过去时一般过去时指动作发生在过去有时候会有例如yesterday,last year等表示 过去时间的标志一般过去时主要要注意动词的变化be动词和实意动词含有be动词的一般过去式She is in Beijing.She was in Beijing .I am a student.I was a student.We are friends.We were friends. 含有be动词的一般现在时变一般过去时,把is和am改成was,把are改成were练习:1. She is a teacher. She ___a teacher.2. They are from Japan. They ___ from Japan. I am very tired. I ___ very tired. He is too young to go to school. He ___too young to go to school. 5. You are late for school. You ___late for school. waswerewaswaswere不含be动词的一般过去时 不含be动词的句子改写成一般过去时，把句子中的动词改为过去式形式。通常有五种写法。I work in this city.I worked in this city last year.They live in Shanghai .They lived in Shanghai last year.动词过去式的写法：一般情况，在动词末尾加ed动词以e结尾的，直接在词尾加d3、 辅音加y结尾，变y为i加ed I study in Beijing. I studied in Beijing .Study,copyCry ,fly 4、重读闭音节结尾，双写词尾字母加ed she stops. she stopped.5 、特殊 I go to school by bike every day. I went to school by bike yesterday.例如：have/has—had, go---went, eat---ate, say--said think—thought, come--came不规则动词练习I think you are right.I thought you were right.She eats an apple every week.She ate an apple an hour ago..3、一般将来时The Future Simple Tense一般将来时相对于讲话时间将要发生的动作或情况2.时间状语（判断标准）：tomorrow 明天next week 下周the day after tomorrow 后天soon 不久in the future 在将来in+一段时间 多久之后才... The Future Simple Tense 1.will+动词原形 (I /we shall)2.be going to+动词原形3.be+v-ing4.一般现在时表将来结构1.will/shall＋v原形表示一个将来的动作或状态，“要…,会…”Eg. 1) She will go to the park tomorrow. 2) I will return home as soon as I finish my task.2、be going to + v原形①表示打算做某事②表示现在已经有迹象表明将要发生某事。--- What ________________do this evening?--- I am going to do my lessons. 看那些乌云要下雨了. Loot at the dark clouds. It __________rain. is going toare you going to3. be +v-ing go, come, leave, start, arrive, stay, fly, land, take off等动词可用现在进行时表示安排和计划或即将发生的动作。我们明天动身去青岛.We’re leaving for Qingdao. 6.表示与生日,日历,课时安排或交通时刻表有关的动作(一种规律) ，用一般现在时表示将来时态 常用于转移动词如：★ ( begin, come , leave, go, arrive, start, stop, return, open, close… ）Eg. 1、The evening class begins at 19:00. 2、The train starts at two.If 条件句中，动词用一般现在时表将来。If we hurry, we may catch the bus.如果我们快点的话，我们也许会赶上公交车 If it rains tomorrow, the travel will be canceled.如果明天下雨的话，旅游将取消。1. —What are you going to do this afternoon? —I am going to the cinema with some friends. The film _____quite early, so we ____ to the bookstore after that. A. finished; are going B. finished; go C. finishes; are going D. finishes; go Exercise:2. My younger brother ____be 15 years old next year. A. is going to B. will C. is to D. should 1. The agreement __________ come into force next year. I’m not feeling well, and I _______ go to see a doctor. If you____ ____(don’t pass) the exam, you will be criticized by your parents.willwilldon’t pass5.How _____ you _________ spend your holiday?— I’ve decided to repaint this room. — Oh, have you? What colour ____ you _______ paint it?— The weather is so nice and I am going to sit in the garden. — That’s a good idea. I _________ join you.willaregoing toaregoing to4、现在进行时Review of the Present Continuous Tense教学重、难点：知识要点：一.现在进行时的定义: 现在进行时是表示现在、说话瞬间或当前一直正在做着的动作.Eg: 1、Jenny is watching TVnow. 2、 I am writing.五.现在进行时的判断：（1）一般句中用到表示“在现在”的时间状语，如：now, right now, at the moment 或It’s+几点钟”句型，常判断用现在进行时。Eg:Let’s go fast .Mr. Wu is waiting for us now.It’s six o’clock.The children are playing basketball.(2)句中用到“Listen！” “Look!” “Keep quiet” “Don’t make noise!”等提示语时，表明说话间另一个动作正在进行，这时，句子也要用现在进行时。Eg: Keep quiet ! The teachers are talking in the office. She readisingnow.Listen! The birdis singing.二.现在进行时的谓语结构: 现在进行时的谓语结构为:am/is/are +现在分词.Am/is/are 在现在进行时句子谓语结构中作助动词用，无词义。Am/is/are的选择运用由句子的主语人称或数决定。A: I am watching TV at home.B: Dave is cleaning the floor.C: The students are seeing a movie.2.将现在进行的肯定句变为否定句时，在be动词后面加上not. Eg: Steve is talking to his teacher.The children are eating some apples at my home. -----Steve isn’t talking to his teacher.----The children aren’t eating any apples at my home.四.现在进行时的形式转换：1.将一个现在进行时的肯定句变为一般疑问句时，将句中的is或are提到句首。Eg: Steve is talking to his teacher . I am singing. ------Is Steve talking to his teacher?------Are you singing?Talk about the people in the picture.What’s he doing?He’s reading.* What are they doing?*They are playing basketball. …5、过去进行时Review of the Past Continuous Tense教学重、难点：过去进行时过去进行时的用法与现在进行时相仿，表示过去某时刻或阶段正在进行的动作。 结构：be（过去式）+v.ingEg. I was reading a novel when you called.你打电话时我正在看一本小说。exerciseDanny ___ ___(watch) TV, when you sang.I ___ ___ ___ ___(play computer game) at this time yesterday.was watchingwas playing computer game6、将来进行时表示将来某时刻正在进行的动作。 结构：will / shall +be+v.ingEg. We will be having dinner in a minute. 一会儿我们就吃饭。 Danny will be playing football an hour later. Danny 一会儿将会在打球。Have a try试一试:He___________ (watch) TV now.I ___________(swim) at this time yesterday.She ____________(see) the sunrise at the top of the mountain this time tomorrow.is watchingwas swimmingwill be seeingTranslate翻译他们一会儿就开会。 They will be having a meeting. 我一会儿就洗衣服。 I will be washing clothes.7、 The Present Perfect Tense现在完成时教学重、难点：现在完成时现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果.通常与表示包括现在在内的时间副词 just，already, before, yet, never, ever 等状语连用。现在完成时结构助动词have (has) + V过去分词注：has 用于第三人称单数，have 用于其他所有人称。否定句：have/has+ not +V过去分词Eg.① He has never heard of that before.② I have worked here for 20 years.③ She has already finished the work.④My aunt haven’t lived in China for 3 years.2.现在完成时表示过去已经开始，持续到现在,也许还会持续下去的动作或状态。可以和表示延续的时间状语连用。 如for、since 等引导的时间状语。（注意：句中谓语动词要用延续性动词）一段时间的表达方法有两种:for: +一段时间 for a year for two weeks for three years 过去的某一时刻, since 9 o’clock since last week 一般过去时态的时间状语从句 since you came since you got home.注意:for 和since 所引导的时间状语都表示一段时间.Since注意点（1）： 一些表示短暂性动作的动词如come, go, leave, arrive, buy, begin, start, become等 不能与表示一段时间的状语连用，这些动作 需用表示状态的词连用。I have had this coat for one year. 试比较：1） I have bought this coat for one year.×√转化成延续性动词归纳1.直接转化成延续性动词 buy catch (get) a cold borrow come/go /becomehavehave a coldkeepbe2.转换成be+名词 join the army join the Party go to school be a soldier be a Party memberbe a student3转换成be+形容词或副词 die finish begin leave fall sleep close openbe deadbe overbe onbe awaybe asleep be closedbe open4.转换成 be+介词短语 go to school join the armybe in schoolbe in the army2) My uncle has come back for 2 days.My uncle has been back for 2 days.3) The train has left for an hour.The train has been away for an hour.4) The twin brothers have joined the army for 2 years.The twin brothers have been in the army for 2 years.×√××√√注意点（2）have been to 与have gone to 的区别。（3） have been (to)和have gone (to)的区别： ★have / has been (to) 表示“曾经到过某地”，说话时此人不在那里，已经回来。侧重指经历。★have / has gone (to) 表示某人“已经去某地了”，说话时此人可能在路上或已到那里.试比较： He has been to Beijing. 他曾去过北京。 （人已回来，可能在这儿） He has gone to Beijing. 他已经去北京了。 （人已走，不在这儿）。一般过去时与现在完成时之比较 一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作，和现在不发生关系。而现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调的是现在的情况。分析比较 I saw this film yesterday. （只说明动作发生在过去。） I have seen this film. （强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。） She has returned from Paris. （她已从巴黎回来了。） She returned yesterday. （她是昨天回来的。） He has been in the League for three years. (在团内的状态可延续) He joined the League three years ago. ( 三年前入团，joined为短暂行为。)注意：句子中如有一般过去时的时间副词（如 yesterday, last week, in 1960）时，不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时。例如：（错）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.（对）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.Exercises ( ) 1. —I have watched the game. —When ____ you ____ it? A. have; watched B. do; watch C. did ;watch D. will; watch( )2. Mr. Green ____ in China since five years ago. A. lived B. has lived C. lives D. is going to live( )3. His grandma ______ for two years. A. died B. has died C. was dead D. has been dead BBD( )4. –Where is Han Mei now? － She ____ to Shanghai. She will be back in two days. A. has gone B. has been C. goes D. had gone( )5. －_____ you ____to the United Stated ? － No, never,but I went to Canada a few years agoA. Have; been B. Have; gone C. Did; go D. Do; go( )6. How long have you _____ the football team of the school?A. played B. been at C. joined D been on AAD( )7. —Where have you _____ these days? —I have _____ to Kunming with my friends.A been , gone B been , been C gone , been D gone, gone( )8. How long have you ____ this book?A. bought B. borrowed C. had D. lent( )9. —Excuse me, ____ you seen the film yet? —Yes, I _____ it last night.A have, see B have, have seen C have, seen D have, sawBCD（2）现在完成时My daughter __________(go) out.I __________(hear) from her these days.(改为现在完成时的否定句)They ___________(leave) for two years.The old man _________(die) for 4 months.We ________(see) you recently.(否定句）has been gonehaven’t heard have been awayhas been deadhaven’t seen8、The Past Perfect Tense 过去完成时The Past Perfect Tense 过去完成时过去完成时的构成助动词 had (用于各种人称和数) + 过去分词When I got to school, the bell had rung.2. 过去完成时的用法:主要是表示在过去某个时间,或是动作之前已经发生或完成的动作.也就是过去的过去.The Past Perfect Tense 过去完成时3. 常用的几种方式:用介词by, before 等构成的时间短语.We had learnt 20 English songs by the end of last month.The plane had taken off when I reached the airport.By the time I got up , my brother had left home.用连词when, before, after或者短语by the time引导的时间状语从句.By the time I got outside, the bus had already left.By the time I got outside, the bus had already left.我出去的时候,公共汽车已经开走了.主要动词的过去式和过去分词ring rang rungget got gottengo went goneleave left leftstart started startedbe was/were beentake took takenrun ran runwake woke woken1.When I_____( get) there, the Smiths already _______ (have) their dinner.2.By the end of last year they ______________(produce) more than 500,000 tractors.3.Tom_______(read) at least 20 novels in the past year.4.____you_____(give) the book to Jim yesterday? No, because he ____________(borrow) one from the library.5.He said that he_____never_____(hear) of that before.gothad hadhad producedhad readDidgivehad borrowedhadheardSee you next time!
初中英语八大时态复习中考英语总复习1、The Simple Present Tense 一般现在时态教学重、难点： 一般现在时表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态 常与every day , on Sundays, sometimes , often ，usually ,always,等连用结构 ： 1、主语+动词原形+其他Eg. I have a meeting on Sundays . They visit their parents once a month. 注: 主语(三单)+ 动词(第三人称单数形式)+其他 Eg.She likes it very much.She usually goes to school at 7 o’clock every morning. 动词第三人称单数形式 ·在动词后+s·在以s,x,ch,sh,o结尾的动词+es·以辅音字母+y结尾的动词， 先变y 为i，再加es ·特殊 have-has 等 helpguessflymake leavefixswimknow playclosegostudygetread bring watch写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式carry do washvisit exercise enjoy jump havesiesessessssessiesssshasesssesssesiess一般现在时否定式 be + not don’t do / doesn’t doII 一般现在时的否定式1.Be 动词的否定式: be + notI am a teacher. You are a workerShe is a doctorWe are friends.I’m not a teacherYou aren’t a workerShe isn’t a doctor.We aren’t friends.is not=isn’tare not=aren’t 否定句2.当主语是单数第三人称时，它与助动词Does有关，但是动词谓语一定要恢复为原形。当主语是其他人称时，它与助动词Do有关。I like English.She likes it very much.We go to work by bike.I don’t like English.She doesn’t like it very much.We don’t go to work by bike.否定句概念：用 yes 或 no 来回答的疑问句叫做一般疑问句。一般疑问句句首的第一个词一般读得比较重。III一般疑问句1.对于be 动词，疑问句要求把be 提前，第一人称变成第二人称。疑问句I am a teacher.Are you a teacher?You are a worker.Are you a worker?He is a student.Is he a student?We are friends.Are you friends?2.对于实意动词，疑问句要求是：当主语是他(he)，她(she)，它(it)时，句子前面加does，并把动词恢复原形；当主语是其他人称时，句前加do ，第一人称(I/we) 换第二人称(you)。I often go there.You like the music.He goes to work by bus .We /You/They like it.Do you often go there ?Do you like the music.?Does he go to work by bus ?Do you/they like it?1.He has a meeting on Sundays .2.He goes to school at seven in the morning .3.My father and mother go out for lunch on Sundays.4.We do our homework after school. 把下列句子改为一般疑问句Does he have a meeting on Sundays ?Does he go to school at seven in the morning?Do your father and mother go out for lunch on Sundays ?Do you do your homework after school ?exercise把下列句子改为否定句1.My father has an egg for breakfast .2.Li Lei does his homework after school.3.We do our homework at home.4.They have a meeting every morning .My father doesn’t have an egg for breakfast .Li Lei doesn’t do his homework after school.We don’t do our homework at home .They don’t have a meeting every morning .1. We often _____ (play) in the playground.2. He ____ (get) up at six o’clock.3. ___ you ____ (brush) your teeth every morning? 4. What ___ he usually___ (do) after school?5. Danny______ (study) English, Chinese, Maths, Science and Art at school.6. Mike sometimes _____(go) to the park with his sister.7. She _____ (watch) TV with his parents every evening.8.____ Mike ____(read) English every day? 用所给动词的正确形式及助动词填空playgetsDo brushdoes dostudiesgoeswatchesDoes read2、一般过去时The Simple Present Tense教学重、难点一般过去时一般过去时指动作发生在过去有时候会有例如yesterday,last year等表示 过去时间的标志一般过去时主要要注意动词的变化be动词和实意动词含有be动词的一般过去式She is in Beijing.She was in Beijing .I am a student.I was a student.We are friends.We were friends. 含有be动词的一般现在时变一般过去时,把is和am改成was,把are改成were练习:1. She is a teacher. She ___a teacher.2. They are from Japan. They ___ from Japan. I am very tired. I ___ very tired. He is too young to go to school. He ___too young to go to school. 5. You are late for school. You ___late for school. waswerewaswaswere不含be动词的一般过去时 不含be动词的句子改写成一般过去时，把句子中的动词改为过去式形式。通常有五种写法。I work in this city.I worked in this city last year.They live in Shanghai .They lived in Shanghai last year.动词过去式的写法：一般情况，在动词末尾加ed动词以e结尾的，直接在词尾加d3、 辅音加y结尾，变y为i加ed I study in Beijing. I studied in Beijing .Study,copyCry ,fly 4、重读闭音节结尾，双写词尾字母加ed she stops. she stopped.5 、特殊 I go to school by bike every day. I went to school by bike yesterday.例如：have/has—had, go---went, eat---ate, say--said think—thought, come--came不规则动词练习I think you are right.I thought you were right.She eats an apple every week.She ate an apple an hour ago..3、一般将来时The Future Simple Tense一般将来时相对于讲话时间将要发生的动作或情况2.时间状语（判断标准）：tomorrow 明天next week 下周the day after tomorrow 后天soon 不久in the future 在将来in+一段时间 多久之后才... The Future Simple Tense 1.will+动词原形 (I /we shall)2.be going to+动词原形3.be+v-ing4.一般现在时表将来结构1.will/shall＋v原形表示一个将来的动作或状态，“要…,会…”Eg. 1) She will go to the park tomorrow. 2) I will return home as soon as I finish my task.2、be going to + v原形①表示打算做某事②表示现在已经有迹象表明将要发生某事。--- What ________________do this evening?--- I am going to do my lessons. 看那些乌云要下雨了. Loot at the dark clouds. It __________rain. is going toare you going to3. be +v-ing go, come, leave, start, arrive, stay, fly, land, take off等动词可用现在进行时表示安排和计划或即将发生的动作。我们明天动身去青岛.We’re leaving for Qingdao. 6.表示与生日,日历,课时安排或交通时刻表有关的动作(一种规律) ，用一般现在时表示将来时态 常用于转移动词如：★ ( begin, come , leave, go, arrive, start, stop, return, open, close… ）Eg. 1、The evening class begins at 19:00. 2、The train starts at two.If 条件句中，动词用一般现在时表将来。If we hurry, we may catch the bus.如果我们快点的话，我们也许会赶上公交车 If it rains tomorrow, the travel will be canceled.如果明天下雨的话，旅游将取消。1. —What are you going to do this afternoon? —I am going to the cinema with some friends. The film _____quite early, so we ____ to the bookstore after that. A. finished; are going B. finished; go C. finishes; are going D. finishes; go Exercise:2. My younger brother ____be 15 years old next year. A. is going to B. will C. is to D. should 1. The agreement __________ come into force next year. I’m not feeling well, and I _______ go to see a doctor. If you____ ____(don’t pass) the exam, you will be criticized by your parents.willwilldon’t pass5.How _____ you _________ spend your holiday?— I’ve decided to repaint this room. — Oh, have you? What colour ____ you _______ paint it?— The weather is so nice and I am going to sit in the garden. — That’s a good idea. I _________ join you.willaregoing toaregoing to4、现在进行时Review of the Present Continuous Tense教学重、难点：知识要点：一.现在进行时的定义: 现在进行时是表示现在、说话瞬间或当前一直正在做着的动作.Eg: 1、Jenny is watching TVnow. 2、 I am writing.五.现在进行时的判断：（1）一般句中用到表示“在现在”的时间状语，如：now, right now, at the moment 或It’s+几点钟”句型，常判断用现在进行时。Eg:Let’s go fast .Mr. Wu is waiting for us now.It’s six o’clock.The children are playing basketball.(2)句中用到“Listen！” “Look!” “Keep quiet” “Don’t make noise!”等提示语时，表明说话间另一个动作正在进行，这时，句子也要用现在进行时。Eg: Keep quiet ! The teachers are talking in the office. She readisingnow.Listen! The birdis singing.二.现在进行时的谓语结构: 现在进行时的谓语结构为:am/is/are +现在分词.Am/is/are 在现在进行时句子谓语结构中作助动词用，无词义。Am/is/are的选择运用由句子的主语人称或数决定。A: I am watching TV at home.B: Dave is cleaning the floor.C: The students are seeing a movie.2.将现在进行的肯定句变为否定句时，在be动词后面加上not. Eg: Steve is talking to his teacher.The children are eating some apples at my home. -----Steve isn’t talking to his teacher.----The children aren’t eating any apples at my home.四.现在进行时的形式转换：1.将一个现在进行时的肯定句变为一般疑问句时，将句中的is或are提到句首。Eg: Steve is talking to his teacher . I am singing. ------Is Steve talking to his teacher?------Are you singing?Talk about the people in the picture.What’s he doing?He’s reading.* What are they doing?*They are playing basketball. …5、过去进行时Review of the Past Continuous Tense教学重、难点：过去进行时过去进行时的用法与现在进行时相仿，表示过去某时刻或阶段正在进行的动作。 结构：be（过去式）+v.ingEg. I was reading a novel when you called.你打电话时我正在看一本小说。exerciseDanny ___ ___(watch) TV, when you sang.I ___ ___ ___ ___(play computer game) at this time yesterday.was watchingwas playing computer game6、将来进行时表示将来某时刻正在进行的动作。 结构：will / shall +be+v.ingEg. We will be having dinner in a minute. 一会儿我们就吃饭。 Danny will be playing football an hour later. Danny 一会儿将会在打球。Have a try试一试:He___________ (watch) TV now.I ___________(swim) at this time yesterday.She ____________(see) the sunrise at the top of the mountain this time tomorrow.is watchingwas swimmingwill be seeingTranslate翻译他们一会儿就开会。 They will be having a meeting. 我一会儿就洗衣服。 I will be washing clothes.7、 The Present Perfect Tense现在完成时教学重、难点：现在完成时现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果.通常与表示包括现在在内的时间副词 just，already, before, yet, never, ever 等状语连用。现在完成时结构助动词have (has) + V过去分词注：has 用于第三人称单数，have 用于其他所有人称。否定句：have/has+ not +V过去分词Eg.① He has never heard of that before.② I have worked here for 20 years.③ She has already finished the work.④My aunt haven’t lived in China for 3 years.2.现在完成时表示过去已经开始，持续到现在,也许还会持续下去的动作或状态。可以和表示延续的时间状语连用。 如for、since 等引导的时间状语。（注意：句中谓语动词要用延续性动词）一段时间的表达方法有两种:for: +一段时间 for a year for two weeks for three years 过去的某一时刻, since 9 o’clock since last week 一般过去时态的时间状语从句 since you came since you got home.注意:for 和since 所引导的时间状语都表示一段时间.Since注意点（1）： 一些表示短暂性动作的动词如come, go, leave, arrive, buy, begin, start, become等 不能与表示一段时间的状语连用，这些动作 需用表示状态的词连用。I have had this coat for one year. 试比较：1） I have bought this coat for one year.×√转化成延续性动词归纳1.直接转化成延续性动词 buy catch (get) a cold borrow come/go /becomehavehave a coldkeepbe2.转换成be+名词 join the army join the Party go to school be a soldier be a Party memberbe a student3转换成be+形容词或副词 die finish begin leave fall sleep close openbe deadbe overbe onbe awaybe asleep be closedbe open4.转换成 be+介词短语 go to school join the armybe in schoolbe in the army2) My uncle has come back for 2 days.My uncle has been back for 2 days.3) The train has left for an hour.The train has been away for an hour.4) The twin brothers have joined the army for 2 years.The twin brothers have been in the army for 2 years.×√××√√注意点（2）have been to 与have gone to 的区别。（3） have been (to)和have gone (to)的区别： ★have / has been (to) 表示“曾经到过某地”，说话时此人不在那里，已经回来。侧重指经历。★have / has gone (to) 表示某人“已经去某地了”，说话时此人可能在路上或已到那里.试比较： He has been to Beijing. 他曾去过北京。 （人已回来，可能在这儿） He has gone to Beijing. 他已经去北京了。 （人已走，不在这儿）。一般过去时与现在完成时之比较 一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作，和现在不发生关系。而现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调的是现在的情况。分析比较 I saw this film yesterday. （只说明动作发生在过去。） I have seen this film. （强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。） She has returned from Paris. （她已从巴黎回来了。） She returned yesterday. （她是昨天回来的。） He has been in the League for three years. (在团内的状态可延续) He joined the League three years ago. ( 三年前入团，joined为短暂行为。)注意：句子中如有一般过去时的时间副词（如 yesterday, last week, in 1960）时，不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时。例如：（错）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.（对）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.Exercises ( ) 1. —I have watched the game. —When ____ you ____ it? A. have; watched B. do; watch C. did ;watch D. will; watch( )2. Mr. Green ____ in China since five years ago. A. lived B. has lived C. lives D. is going to live( )3. His grandma ______ for two years. A. died B. has died C. was dead D. has been dead BBD( )4. –Where is Han Mei now? － She ____ to Shanghai. She will be back in two days. A. has gone B. has been C. goes D. had gone( )5. －_____ you ____to the United Stated ? － No, never,but I went to Canada a few years agoA. Have; been B. Have; gone C. Did; go D. Do; go( )6. How long have you _____ the football team of the school?A. played B. been at C. joined D been on AAD( )7. —Where have you _____ these days? —I have _____ to Kunming with my friends.A been , gone B been , been C gone , been D gone, gone( )8. How long have you ____ this book?A. bought B. borrowed C. had D. lent( )9. —Excuse me, ____ you seen the film yet? —Yes, I _____ it last night.A have, see B have, have seen C have, seen D have, sawBCD（2）现在完成时My daughter __________(go) out.I __________(hear) from her these days.(改为现在完成时的否定句)They ___________(leave) for two years.The old man _________(die) for 4 months.We ________(see) you recently.(否定句）has been gonehaven’t heard have been awayhas been deadhaven’t seen8、The Past Perfect Tense 过去完成时The Past Perfect Tense 过去完成时过去完成时的构成助动词 had (用于各种人称和数) + 过去分词When I got to school, the bell had rung.2. 过去完成时的用法:主要是表示在过去某个时间,或是动作之前已经发生或完成的动作.也就是过去的过去.The Past Perfect Tense 过去完成时3. 常用的几种方式:用介词by, before 等构成的时间短语.We had learnt 20 English songs by the end of last month.The plane had taken off when I reached the airport.By the time I got up , my brother had left home.用连词when, before, after或者短语by the time引导的时间状语从句.By the time I got outside, the bus had already left.By the time I got outside, the bus had already left.我出去的时候,公共汽车已经开走了.主要动词的过去式和过去分词ring rang rungget got gottengo went goneleave left leftstart started startedbe was/were beentake took takenrun ran runwake woke woken1.When I_____( get) there, the Smiths already _______ (have) their dinner.2.By the end of last year they ______________(produce) more than 500,000 tractors.3.Tom_______(read) at least 20 novels in the past year.4.____you_____(give) the book to Jim yesterday? No, because he ____________(borrow) one from the library.5.He said that he_____never_____(hear) of that before.gothad hadhad producedhad readDidgivehad borrowedhadheardSee you next time!
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