【中考真题】2018年中考英语真题 浙江省杭州市（含解析）

这是一份【中考真题】2018年中考英语真题 浙江省杭州市（含解析），共24页。


第Ⅱ卷
第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分 40 分)
第一节(共 15 小题.每小题 2 分,满分 30 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中选出最佳选项。
A
When Canadian teenager Ryan was six years ld, his teacher tld him that in many parts f Africa, there was n clean water. She said that peple ften made themselves ill, and even died, just frm drinking r bathing in dirty water.
What she said made Ryan upset. He decided t raise mney fr a well(井) s that peple in Africa culd have clean water. He did extra chres fr his parents and raised $70 all by himself. Then he fund ut that it actually cst $2,000 t dig a well.
Mst peple wuld have given up at this pint, but nt Ryan. He was disappinted, but determined t raise mre mney. Finally he cllected ver $2,000. That mney was used t dig the first f “Ryan's wells”.
Since then, Ryan has cntinued t raise mney fr mre wells. In fact, Ryan has raised ver
$1,500 ,000!
Ryan calls himself “a nrmal by” and likes t play ice hckey when he's nt in schl r traveling arund the wrld talking t ther students abut himself and his wrk. As fr the future. he has said that he isn't exactly sure what he will chse t d. “Smething alng the lines f a lawyer r a teacher. Maybe a leader!”
Ryan's teacher tld him abut the water prblem in Africa in rder t .
encurage Ryan t dig wells fr peple in Africa
ask Ryan t raise mney fr pr peple in Africa
make Ryan feel unhappy and disappinted
educate Ryan t care abut African peple in difficulty.
What des Ryan think f himself accrding t the passage?
He is different frm ther students in many ways.
He never gives up when he has decided t d smething.
He is talented and can d many great things in the future,
He's like ther students with his wn hbby and dreams.
Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the passage?
A. Ryan and His TeacherB. Ryan and His Wells.
C. Ryan and His MneyD. Ryan and His Future
B
Wh wants t eat fd that is thrwn away as waste? Believe it r nt, that’s exactly what wrld leaders did at a lunch held by the United Natins in 2015.
During the meal, the wrld leaders enjyed dishes like salads and burgers made with
thrwn-away vegetables and fruits. Chef Dan Barber, wh helped create the meal, hped that the experience wuld make the leaders pay mre attentin t the issue f fd waste.
It is a huge prblem. One ut f nine peple n Earth des nt get enugh fd. Yet every year ver ne third f the fd prduced wrldwide ges t waste!
Why is s much fd wasted? Firstly, fd is ften thrwn away befre it reaches custmers because t much f it is prduced, r because it is nt kept prperly in farms. Secndly, shps and supermarkets usually thrw away unsld fd. Finally, custmers ften buy mre fd than they need, s a lt f uneaten fd is wasted.
Hw can yu waste less fd? When eating ut, yu may ask fr less fd and take hme what is left. Visit fast fd restaurant less ften, since they usually mre wasteful. Encurage yur favrite restaurants t give unsld fd t fd banks.
Yu can als waste less fd at hme. Use smaller rice bwls s that yu serve less rice.
Encurage family members t use unfinished rice t make rice puddings. Tell family members t make a shpping list and buy nly what is n the list when shpping fr fd.
Fd waste is a grwing prblem and we, either farmers r fd sellers r custmers, must take this prblem mre seriusly and d what we can t help.
What did wrld leaders d at a lunch held by the United Natins in 2015?
They threw away fd as waste during the meal.
They made dishes with waste vegetables and fruits
They ate fd made with waste vegetables and fruits.
They helped Chef Dan Barber create the special meal.
The underlined wrd “issue” in Paragraph 2 is clsest in meaning t .
A. resultB. prblemC. causeD. beginning
The writer rganizes Paragraph 4 by asking a questin and .
A. giving examplesB. using numbers
C. listing reasnsD. telling a stry
Which way f wasting less fd is mentined in the passage?
Buying unsld fd frm supermarkets.
Keeping fd prperly in fridge.
Using smaller rice bwls when eating ut.
Asking fr less fd in restaurants.
C
Bananas are the perfect snack. Nt nly are they sweet and delicius, but they are easy t carry arund, s yu can take them anywhere. Best f all, bananas prvide different things that the human bdy needs!
Bananas grw best in warm places that get lts f rain. They grw n plants that lk like trees. The banana plant, hwever, is cnsidered a herb rather than a tree because it desn’t have a strng , wdy stem（茎，干）. The plants can grw as high as 30 feet. When they reach their full height, flwers grw ut frm the stem. These flwers prduce bananas.
Tw r three times each year, the plants prduce fruit. The bananas grw tgether, which seem like “hands”. A hand is made up f 10 t 20 bananas. Grwers smetimes call bananas “fingers”. Each bunch（丛） f bananas has abut 15 hands, and s a whle bunch may have as many as 200 bananas and can weigh mre than 100 punds.
After abut three mnths, the bananas are ready t be picked. At this pint, they still aren’t the sunny yellw clr f bananas. Farmers pick them when they’re green. That’s hw they’re shipped t stres. They turn yellw alng the way and are ready t be sld.
If yu lve bananas, yu’ve gt a lt f cmpany. Americans have been enjying bananas since the first shipment arrived in the United States in 1876. Tday, American eat mre bananas than any ther fruit. Mre bananas are sld than apples and grapes tgether. Every American eats ver 26 punds f bananas each year!
The first paragraph mainly talks abut .
why peple like bananas
hw bananas taste
what bananas are rich in
where bananas are taken
What is the crrect rder in which these happen?
a. The bananas begin t turn yellwb. A banana plant grws t full height.
The flwers prduce bananas.d. The bananas are ready t be picked.
A. c-b-a-dB. b-c-d-aC. b-c-a-dD. c-b-d-a
Which f the fllwing is true accrding t the passage?
The banana plant is a kind f tree.
Bananas like grwing in ht and dry areas.
One banana plant usually prduces fruit nce a year.
The banana plant usually prduces fruit nce a year.
Which is the secnd mst ppular fruit in America accrding t the bar chart?
Apples.B. Grapes.C. Bananas.D. Oranges
D
There is a ppular Chinese saying that “Fair skin(皮肤) will make up fr three flaws(缺陷)”. This mentins the fact that in Chinese culture, it is believed that peple wh have fair skin are mre beautiful. In Western culture, hwever, the ppsite is true — many Westerners think tanned skin is prettier. The example shws that different cultures have different ideas f what they think is beautiful. These cultural meanings f the beauty, hwever, are n lnger imprtant. As mre and mre peple travel verseas, ideas abut beauty are being shared amng cultures. The Internet has als made it easier fr peple t share different types f beauty since peple are always psting pictures n scial media. The result is an ever-changing idea f what is cnsidered beautiful.
The cultural practice f ear piercings, fr example, has becme a part f mdern day culture.
In Kenya, it is a traditin amng Masai men and wmen t pierce and then make their ear
lbes( 耳 垂 ) lnger using ivry and wd r stnes. They then wear clrful things n their ear lbes. This is a cmmn practice since lnger ear lbes are seen as a sigh f beauty. This traditin has nw fund its way int present-day culture. Nwadays, this might still seem unusual t sme, but with mre and mre well-knwn actrs and film stars shwing ff their lnger ear lbes, it will finally becme mre fashinable.
It is understd that different cultures arund the wrld have different ways f shwing beauty. Hwever, since we nw live in a wrldwide sciety, peple’s views abut beauty are always changing. With the help f the Internet, peple are nw able t easily brrw ideas frm ther cultures t help them stand ut. S what new fashins can we expect t see in the future?
What has made it easier fr peple t share ideas abut beauty?
The develpment f technlgy.
The ppularity f the latest fashins.
The unchanged cultural traditins.
The wrld’s grwing ppulatin.
What can be learned abut the Masai peple frm the passage?
Lnger ear lbes are their new fashin.
Only wmen make their ear lbes lnger.
They think lnger ear lbes lk beautiful.
They make actrs and film stars famus.
The underlined wrd “them” in the last paragraph refers t .
A. pepleB. ideasC. culturesD. fashins
What is the passage mainly abut?
Peple in Asian cuntries like fair skin better.
Beauty is cnsidered imprtant in many cultures.
Different cultures have different ideas abut beauty.
Peple’s ideas abut beauty are changing all the time.
第二节（共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）
下面文章中有五处（第 31-35 题）需要添加小标题。请从以下选项（A、B、C、D、E 和 F）中选出符合各段意思的小标题。选项中有一项是多余选项。
Five ways t make a great first impressin（印象）!
Researchers have discvered that, in general, it nly takes seven secnds fr a persn t start making judgments abut yu when they first meet yu. That’s why yu shuld fllw these useful tips n hw t create a gd first impressin.
31.
Befre meeting smene, start thinking abut the purpse f the meeting. Are yu trying t impress them? Fr example, if yu want t make new friends at a scial event, yu will want t appear friendly. And if yu decide t run fr class president at yur schl, yu will need t appear cnfident（自信）.
32.
Smiling is the mst imprtant thing yu can d when meeting smene new. It shws that yu’re friendly and makes peple arund yu feel mre cmfrtable. T have a winning smile, make sure yur teeth are clean by brushing them every day.
33.
Befre yu begin speaking, yu will be judged n yur bdy language. Therefre, it’s imprtant t shw trust in yurself by standing up tall and putting yur shulders back. Besides, if yu uncrss yur arms, yu will appear relaxed and friendly.
34.
Hw yu smell can influence peple’s first impressin f yu. If yu have a bad bdy smell, it will put peple ff. In shrt, aim t smell clean and avid putting n a lt f scented prducts.
35.
What yu wear matters. While yu shuld lk clean and tidy, it’s als imprtant t dress prperly, whether yu’re ging t a birthday party r a sprting event. Yu shuld think abut what yur clthes say abut yu.
Smell gd
Dress t impress
Get ready fr a speech
A smile ges a lng way
Be careful abut yur bdy language
Decide what image（形象）yu want t present
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 25 分）
第一节：完形填空（共 15 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中选出一个最佳选项。
My friends and I jined a tw-day survival（生存） training curse in the muntains. The first day was really 36 －there was s much t d! Arriving at the campsite, we were divided int grups and given a tent, sme fd, a 37 and a cmpass（ 指 南 针 ）. Standing next t a small river, Fanny 38 camping in the grassy area nearby. Hwever, ur instructr, Mr.Lee, pinted ut that it might fld（ 淹 没 ） if it rained. In the end, we fund a 39 area. Putting up the tent was very hard. 40 Mr.Lee helped us a lt.
By the time we had put up the tent, 41 was really hungry. “We wuldn’t have gt this hungry if we had brught sme snacks.” Peter said. We all tld him t 42 cmplaining（ 抱怨 ） and help us start a fire t ck ur fd 43 . Realizing we were having truble making the fire, he finally 44 .
The next day started early. Wken by a strange nise. Peter went t see what was 45 . “Sme cws have eaten ur breakfast!”he shuted. “That’s all because yu didn’t 46 the fd prperly last night.”said Mr.Lee.
Wrried that Mr.Lee was angry with us, we tried very hard n ur next 47－ using the
map and cmpass t find a secret lcatin. We made it t the lcatin 48the ther grup did. We all felt very prud f 49.
The survival training curse was a great 50. Nw I feel I culd survive anywhere!
36．A．disappinting
B．difficult
C．different
D．bring
37．A．map
B．bk
C．light
D．knife
38．A．suggested
B．finished
C．imagined
D．enjyed
39．A．nearer
B．lwer
C．bigger
D．higher
40．A．Surprisingly
B．Suddenly
C．Luckily
D．Usually
41．A．everyne
B．anyne
C．smene
D．n ne
42．A．start
B．mind
C．stp
D．cntinue
43．A．yet
B．t
C．again
D．instead
44．A．helped ut
B．gave ut
C．wrked ut
D．started ut
45．A．develping
B．happening
C．beginning
D．fllwing
46．A.thrw ff
B．put away
C．eat up
D．sell ut
47．A．plan
B．lessn
C．task
D．prblem
48．A．till
B．after
C．when
D．befre
49．A．him
B．them
C．yu
D．urselves
50．A．example
B．experience
C．activity
D．cmpetitin
400-810-2656
第二节：（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。将答案填写在答题纸的相应位置。
Next time yu hld a bk in yur hands, stp and think. Like mst ther things in the mdern wrld, it is the result f thusands f years f human inventin.
First, came the inventin f writing, 51 (prbable) abut 5500 year ag. With writing, peple did nt have t remember everything in their heads. They culd cmmunicate with peple that they never 52 (see) and share their knwledge with future generatins.
Later, the Greeks were well-dne fr their literature( 文 学 ) and science, but their “bks” lked very different 53 the bks f tday. They were called scrlls(卷轴).
They were different t use and tk a lt f space in a library.Abut 2,000 years ag, bks with lts f pages 54 (invent).
Fr mre than a thusand years, the pages f bks were made frm animal skin. That changed in 55 thirteenth century, when Eurpeans learned abut a very 56 (use) Chinese inventin : paper.
But the biggest change fr bks in Eurpe came in 1439, when Jhannes Gutenberg invented the printing press. Befre that, bks in Eurpe were cpied by hand, s they were very expensive. Many mre peple culd affrd the bks 57 were prduced n a printing press.
These days it is difficult 58 (imagine) a wrld withut bks. But human inventin des nt stp. Every year, mre 59 (stry) are bught as e-bks and read n a screen.
Will anyne turn the pages f a traditinal bk in the future, 60 will bks, like scrlls sn disappear?
第四部分写作（共两节，满分 25 分）
第一节：单词拼写（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）
根据下列句子及所给的首字母，在答题纸上按题号写出各单词的正确，完全形式（每空仅限 一词）。
My friend came ver last night t watch the v f ftball match that I’drecrded .
After a lng day,Tm l dwn n the bad and went t sleep.
The train was very c with passengers, s we had t stand. 64.---D yu think mre mney shuld be given t educatin?
----C , I culdn’t agree mre.
Srry, I’ve f yur phne number.Culd yu please tell me again?
Be p . It takes time. Yu can becme better by reading smething yu enjy every day.
A square has fr sides and fur c .
December is the t and last mnth f the year.
The Chinese wmen’s vlleyball team wn a gld m in the 2016 Ri Olympic Games.
Yu will r a warm welcme when yu cme t ur village.
第二节: 书面表达(共 1 小题.满分 15 分)
假定你是李平(TEL:1361234567).家住滨海市人民路 1 号.你在美国旅行期间,不慎遗失钱包,
曾向宾馆询.以下是宾馆的答复邮件,请你阅读后进行回复,词数 80 左右.
Frm: Mr.Smith, htel manager
Hl Li Ping,
Thank yu fr yur email abut yur lst wallet.
Please sen me sme mre infrmatin. When did yu stay in ur htel and what rm were yu in? Please describe yur wallet. What was in it? Send me yur address and phne number.
All the best,
Mr.Smith
T:Mr. Smith
Subject:Lst wallet
Dear Mr. Smith,
Yurs, Li Ping
第一部分 听力理解（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一部分听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节（共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）
听下面 5 段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
CCCAB
第二节（共 10 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 20 分）
听下面 3 段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话或独白后，你都有时间阅读各小 题，每小题 5 秒钟。听完后，各小题给出 5 秒的作答时间，每段对话仅读一遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第 6 至第 8 三个小题。
BAB
听下面一段对话，回答第 9 至第 11 三个小题。
BAA
听下面一段独白，回答第 12 至第 15 题四个小题。
BBAC
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（共 15 题，每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A, B, C 和 D）中选出最佳选项
A
【答案解析】16-18 DDB
解析：本文是记叙文题材，主要内容是：男孩 Ryan 在学习到非洲人民处于非常缺少净水的状态时，为了帮助他们而筹钱造井。
题：D。考查推理判断题。难度较小，通过第一段，老师告诉同学们非洲没有干净的水源， 这是为了教育学生们要关注有困难的非洲人民。故选 D。
题：D。考查细节理解题，难度较小，定位原文第 5 段，Ryan calls himself “a nrmal by”
说明 Ryan 觉得自己是一个普通的男孩，有自己的爱好和理想。
题：B。考查主旨大意题。难度适中，此题需要结合首末段和各段主旨句进行理解，这篇文章主要讲述 Ryan 为了帮助非洲人民而筹钱造井的事。
B
【答案解析】19-22 CBCD
解析：本文是议论文题材，主要内容：谈论食物浪费问题，并给出一些解决方案和号召全民重视该问题。
题：C。考查细节理解题，难度较小。Wh wants t eat fd that is thrwn away as waste? That’ exactly what wrld leaders did at a lunch held by the United Natin in 2015.结合第二段首句可知各国领导人吃了被当做垃圾扔掉的水果和蔬菜做成的食物。
题：B。考查词义猜测题，难度适中。通过第二段可知，这个活动是为了让领导者更多地 关注食物浪费问题。
题：C。考查段落结构题，难度适中，通过文章：firstly, secndly,finally 可以发现，作者通过提问和举例说明的方式来构造这个段落。
题：D。考查细节理解题，难度较小。根据第五段第二句。
C
【答案解析】23-26 ABCA
解析：本文是一篇说明文。主要从香蕉的优点，生长，生产、出售等方面进行了详细的介绍。
A。考查主旨大意题，难度适中。此类题目并不能够在原文中找到相同句子或者答案， 需要通读段落，根据段落的大意总结概括。此题问的是第一段的主要内容，通过第一段的关键词“perfect”、“prvide”，关键句“nt als”可知，第一段主要讲的是为什么人们喜欢香蕉，故选 A。
B。考查细节理解题，难度适中。需要通读全文，找出 a-d 在文中相应的细节信息，并进行排序。首先 b 出现在第二段倒数第二句，再是 c 出现在第二段倒数第一句，d 出现在第四段第一句，最后 a 出现在第四段最后一句，故为 B 正确选项。
C。考查细节理解题，难度稍大。需要整合文章的细节信息，由于四个选项的出处有可能不在同一处，需要针对每个选项找到原文的对应语句，进行判断，常用排除法。A 选项从第二段第三句：the banana plan，hwever，is cnsidered a herb 可排除。B 选项对应第二段的第一句：bananas grw best in warm places that get lts f rain 可排除。D 选项与第三段第一句tw r three times each year 不符，故排除。C 选项与第三段最后一句 can weigh mre than 100
punds 相符合，故为正确选项
A。考查细节题，表格细节，难度较小。此类题目需要结合表格，寻找题干关键词，与表格信息对应。题干关键词“the secnd mst ppular”对应表格第二高的树状图，定位 apples， 故选 A。
D
【答案解析】27-30 ACAD
本文是一篇说明文。主要说明历史以来，不同文化对美的解读，以及对美的观点的变化。
A 。细节理解题，难度中等。此类题需要在文章中找到相关细节，需要将原文的表达和选项中表达进行匹配或者同义匹配。这个题目我们可以根据文章最后倒数第二句“with the help f the Internet, peple are nw easily brrw ideas frm ther cultures t help them stand
ut”可知，科技的发展使得人们对美的看法更容易传播。选项 A 正好与文中意思契合，所以选择 A。
C 。推理判断题，难度中等。此类题需要结合原文内容进行推断和概括，需要将原文的表达和选项中表达进行同义匹配。这个题目定位文章第二段第二句，结合整段段意和文章主 旨可知，Masai 人民会穿耳洞，用象牙、木头和石头让耳垂变大的目的是为了美。选项 C 正好与文中意思契合，所以选择 C。
A。词义推理题，难度中等。此类题需要找到单词在文中的位置，联系上下文进行词义猜测。这个“them”我们定位文章倒数第二句。本句主语“peple”，整句意思:在网络的帮 助下，人们容易借助其他文化来帮助她们自己在人群中凸显。所以，这里的 them 指的是
peple。选项 A 正好与文中意思契合，所以选择 A。
D。考查主旨大意题，难度较大。此类题目需要对整篇文章的大意进行了解后才能解题， 做题技巧上主要关注文章的开头和结尾。这篇文章第一段最后一句和最后一段第二句，都是文章中心句，都表明了人们对美的理解是一直在变的。选项 D 正好与文中意思契合，所以选择 D。
第二节（共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）
下面文章中有五处（第 31-35 题）需要添加首句。请从以下选项（A,B,C,D,E,F）中选出符合各段意思的首句，选项中有一项是多余选项。
【答案解析】 FDEAB
今年任务型阅读考试的形式是以添加每段小标题的形式考查，也就是让学生学会总结中心和 概括每段的中心，此类题型在任务型阅读里面出现频率较高，其实主要也是考察考生对于每 段大意的把握。这篇文章是说明文题材，从标题中也可以看出，文章主要围绕建立良好的第 一印象的 5 种方式进行说明。通过对题目的解析发现今年任务型阅读比较简单，注意做题的方法即可。
答案 F。考察该段主旨大意，该段关键“purpse f the meeting”，“appear friendly”， “appear cnfident”主要是说你想要展现的形象，故答案选 F。
答案 D。考察该段主旨大意，该段关键“smiling”主要是说微笑的重要性，故答案选
D。
答案 E。考察该段主旨大意，该段关键“bdy language”，主要是说肢体语言的重要性，故答案选 E。
答案 A。考察该段主旨大意，该段关键“smell”主要是说气味的重要性，故答案选 A。
答案 B。考察该段主旨大意，该段关键“dress”主要是说穿着的重要性，故答案选 B。第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 25 分）
第二节：完形填空（共 15 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中选出一个最佳选项。
【答案解析】
Keys: 36-40 BAADC41-45 ACDAB46-50 BCDDB
文章解读：本文讲述了我和我的朋友们参加生存训练课的经历。
B 考查形容词。通过后文对第一天的描述，例如需要搭建帐篷、生火等。作者评论“Putting up the tent was very hard.”以及“we were truble making the fire…”，所以第一天是充满困难的。
A 考查名词。 根据文章在山上参加生存训练课，除了需要帐篷、食物、指南针之外， 还需要地图。并且第四段也有提到 map
A 考查动词。 根据上文，我们需要搭建帐篷，于是 Fanny 建议露营在草地旁。suggest 建议；finish 完成；imagine 想象；enjy 享受；所以选 A
D 考查形容词。 根据后文 Mr.Lee 指出，如果下雨，我们建在草地边的帐篷会被淹掉。水往低处走，所以我们应建在更高的地方。
C 考查副词。 根据空格前，搭帐篷很困难，空格后又称 Mr.Lee 帮助了我们，所以我们表示很幸运。surprisingly，令人惊讶地；suddenly，突然地；luckily，幸运地是；usually，不 同寻常地。
A 考查代词。根据后文 Peter 说“如果我们带了零食，就不会在这挨饿了。”以及后面生火做饭，说明每个人都很饿。
C 考查动词。 根据后文让他来帮助我们一起生火，所以是停止抱怨。start，开始；mind， 介意；stp，停止；cntinue，继续；所以选 C
D 考查副词。我们告诉 Peter 不要抱怨，而是来帮我们一起生火。yet，然而；t，也；
again，再一次；instead，作为替代，而是；
A 考查动词。根据上文可判断，意识到我们生火有麻烦时，他最终来帮忙了。help ut， 协助；give ut，发表 用完；wrk ut，解决 制定；start ut，开始 着手；
B 考查动词。 根据前文，我们被奇怪的声音吵醒，所以 Peter 跑出去看发生了什么。
develp，发展；happen，发生；begin，开始；fllw，跟随；
B 考查动词。 根据上文食物被奶牛吃了，Mr.Lee 对 Peter 说是因为昨晚没有把食物正确储存起来。thrw ff，摆脱；put away，存储；eat up，吃完；sell ut，卖完；
C 考查名词。 空格后破折号表示解释说明，句意“需要用地图和指南针找到一个秘密地。” 所以这是一项任务。plan，计划；lessn，课程；task，任务；prblem，问题；
D 考查连词。根据后文我们感到自豪，再结合此句“我们成功找到了秘密地，在其他组找到之前。” till，直到……才；after，在……之后；when，当……时；befre，在……之前
D 考查代词。 空格所在的句子主语是 we。be prud f neself，为某人感到自豪。所以选 D
B 考查名词。本文通篇在描述自己和朋友生存训练发生的具体事件，是自己的亲身经历。
example，例子；experience，经历；activity，活动；cmpetitin，竞赛。
第三节：（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。将答案填写在答题纸的相应位置。
【答案解析】
51-55 prbably, saw, frm/t/than, were invented, useful , that/which, t imagine, stries, r
prbably 考查副词。“大概 5500 年以前”是句子的时间状语，故填 prbably。句意： 首先来说一下写作的由来，大概在 5500 年以前。
saw 考查时态。此处的 saw 是定语从句中的谓语动词，考虑时态，根据主句中的 culd 判断从句用一般过去时，故填 saw。句意：他们能够与他们从来没有见过的人们交流，和子孙后代们分享他们的知识。
frm/t/than 考查介词。be different frm/t/than 表示“与……不同”。句意：后来，希腊人因他们的文学和科学而著名，但是他们的“书籍”看起来和现在的书籍非常不同。
were invented 考查被动语态。书和发明之间是被动关系，bks 是复数，故填 were
invented。句意：大约 2000 年以前，有很多书页的书被发明了。
the 考查冠词。in the xxth century 表示“在第几世纪”，序数词前用定冠词 the。句意： 书页由兽皮制作的那种现象在 13 世纪发生改变。
useful 考查形容词。inventin 是名词，发明，形容词修饰名词，故填 useful。句意：当欧洲人了解到中国一个非常有用的发明：纸的时候。
that/which 考查定语从句。定语从句的先行词是物：the bks，故关系词用 that 或 which。句意：更多的人能够负担得起通过印刷机生产的书。
t imagine 考查不定式。It is difficult t d sth. 做某事是困难的。It 是形式主语，句子的真正主语是 t imagine a wrld withut bks。句意：现在很难想象一个没有书的世界。
stries 考查名词。stry 是可数名词，mre 是 many 的比较级，故 stry 变成复数形式
stries。句意：每年都有更多的故事作为电子书被购买并在屏幕上被阅读。
r 考查连词。此处连接两个句子，考查连词的用法。前后两句话表示的是两种假设， 所以填的是表示选择的连词“或者”。句意：将来有人会翻开传统书籍的书页吗？或者书， 比如卷轴，很快就会消失吗？
第四部分写作（共两节，满分 25 分）
第二节：单词拼写（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）
根据下列句子及所给的首字母，在答题纸上按题号写出各单词的正确， 完全形式（每空仅限一词）。
【答案解析】
61-65：vide/ vides(八上U10); lay（九U2）; crwded（八上U4）; Certainly（八上U10）; frgtten;
（七下 U5）
66-70：patien（t
（九 U8）
九 U1）; crners（九 U3）; twelfth（七上 U8）; meda（l
考纲有，书上无）; receive
vide/vides 考查名词。（出自八年级上册 Unit 10）根据定冠词 the 判断空格内填入名词。句意：昨晚我的朋友过来看我录制的足球比赛的录像。录像有可能是一个，也有可能是 很多个，所以 vide 或 vides 均可。
lay 考查动词。（出自九年级 Unit 2）根据 went 判断整个句子的时态是一般过去时，lie 当“躺”的意思讲时是不规则变化：lie-lay-lain。句意：漫长的一天之后，汤姆躺在床上睡着了。
crwded 考查形容词。（出自八年级上册 Unit 4）be crwded with 是指人多，用于人的挤满，重在表现一种拥挤的状态。句意：火车上挤满了乘客，所以我们只好站着。
Certainly 考查副词。（出自八年级上册 Unit 10）Certainly 这个单词用来强调和展现(说话一方)对于某件事感到毫无疑问和确信，意为“当然”。句意：—你认为应该给教育拨更多的钱吗？—当然！我非常同意。
frgtten 考查时态。（出自七年级下册 Unit 5）根据 I’ve 判断此处时态是现在完成时， 结构为 have dne。frget 是不规则变化：frget-frgt-frgtten。句意：对不起，我忘记你的电话号码了，你能再告诉我一遍吗？
patient 考查形容词。（出自九年级 Unit 1）动词原形开头为祈使句，be 动词后面加形容词，结合句意填 patient。句意：耐心一点。这是需要花时间的。每天阅读一些你喜欢的东西， 你就会变得更好。
crners 考查名词。（出自九年级 Unit 3）and 连接的两个短语结构相同，fur 是数词， 后面用可数名词复数，结合常识故填 crners。句意：一个正方形有四条边和四个角。
twelfth 考查数词。（出自七年级上册 Unit 8）句意：十二月是一年中的第十二个月，也是最后一个月。
medal 考查名词。（考纲有，书上无）根据 a gld 判断空格内需要填入一个名词，结合句意此处应该是“奖牌”，故填 medal。句意：中国女子排球队在 2016 年里约奥运会上赢得了金牌。
receive 考查动词。（出自九年级 Unit 8）根据 will 判断空格内应填写动词原形，“受到热烈欢迎”receive a warm welcme。句意：到我们村来，你会受到热烈欢迎的。
第二节：书面表达（共 1 题，满分 15 分）
【答案解析】
中考书面表达评分标准
(一) 评分原则：
内容和语言共计 l5 分。在评分时要以作文的整体谋篇和语言水平(看其是否地道)来评判。先确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，微调得分。最后，看其词数和卷面整洁程度，词数太少 (不到 40 个词) 或书写欠整洁的应酌情再扣 l～2 分，但不倒扣分。
(二) 内容要点：
1、文章应包括所提供的要点内容。
2、个人提出的理由，表达要清楚。
(三) 各档次的给分范围和要求：
第六档：(13～l 5 分)包含内容要点；语言基本无误；行文连贯，表达清楚。
第五档：(10～12 分)基本包含要点，遗漏少量次要点；语言有少量错误；行文基本连贯， 表达基本清楚。
第四档：(7～9 分)包含部分要点；语言虽有较多错误，尚能达意。第三档：(4～6 分)要点不明确；语言错误多，影响意思表达。
第二档：(1-3 分)只抄写了提示词；错误百出，不知所云。第一档：(0 分) 白卷或文不对题。
(四) 第六档有 3 分的差距，旨在鼓励写出优秀的作文。请根据考生佳作把握分寸。
2018 年杭州中考写作解析今年作文是关于我们七年级上第三单元的遗失启事的内容。
格式方面：文章为是书信类，根据已有的邮件进行回复，开头和结尾已经给出。
审题方面：根据题目的信息可以看到，作文的要求是要根据邮件进行回信，所以需要我们对来信内容有很好地审核，每个问题都需要回复。从考察的内容看，这次的作文还是比较 贴近生活实际和课本，平时这类的作文也有练习过，所以平时每个单元的作文练习还是要引 起重视。
结构方面： 作文一定要注意格式和层次。感谢回复-清晰回答相关问题-提出归还请求-再次感谢。
One pssible versin:
Dear Mr. Smith,
Thank yu s much fr yur reply. I stayed in yur htel n July 6 in Rm 105 and I remember having left my new black wallet n the table. My ID card, tw credit cards as well as a 100-dllar bill are in my wallet. Wuld yu be kind enugh t send me the wallet t N.1 Renmin Rad, Binhai, China by mail if yu find it?
Please call me n my phne number 1361234567 if needed. Thanks again.（80 词）
Yurs, Li Ping